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Karion A, Ghosh S, Lopez-Coto I, Mueller K, Gourdji S, Pitt J, Whetstone J. Methane Emissions Show Recent Decline but Strong Seasonality in Two US Northeastern Cities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:19565-19574. [PMID: 37941355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Urban methane emissions estimated using atmospheric observations have been found to exceed estimates derived by using traditional inventory methods in several northeastern US cities. In this work, we leveraged a nearly five-year record of observations from a dense tower network coupled with a newly developed high-resolution emissions map to quantify methane emission rates in Washington, DC, and Baltimore, Maryland. Annual emissions averaged over 2018-2021 were 80.1 [95% CI: 61.2, 98.9] Gg in the Washington, DC urban area and 47.4 [95% CI: 35.9, 58.5] Gg in the Baltimore urban area, with a decreasing trend of approximately 4-5% per year in both cities. We also find wintertime emissions 44% higher than summertime emissions, correlating with natural gas consumption. We further attribute a large fraction of total methane emissions to the natural gas sector using a least-squares regression on our spatially resolved estimates, supporting previous findings that natural gas systems emit the plurality of methane in both cities. This study contributes to the relatively sparse existing knowledge base of urban methane emissions sources and variability, adding to our understanding of how these emissions change in time and providing evidence to support efforts to mitigate natural gas emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Karion
- Special Programs Office, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Subhomoy Ghosh
- Special Programs Office, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Center for Research Computing, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Israel Lopez-Coto
- Special Programs Office, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Kimberly Mueller
- Special Programs Office, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Sharon Gourdji
- Special Programs Office, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Joseph Pitt
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, U.K
| | - James Whetstone
- Special Programs Office, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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2
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Al-Heetimi OT, Van De Ven CJC, Van Geel PJ, Rayhani MT. Impact of temperature on the performance of compost-based landfill biocovers. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 344:118780. [PMID: 37611345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Methane (CH4) emissions from landfills are a major contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions. Compost-based biocovers offer a viable approach to reduce CH4 emissions from landfills; however, the effectiveness in climates with varying temperatures is not well understood. The methane removal performances of two compost-based biocover materials (food and yard waste compost) were examined under different temperature conditions using laboratory column experiments. A reactive transport model was used to simulate the experimental results to develop a better quantitative understanding of the effect of temperature on overall methane removal efficiency. As expected, experimental results indicated that the oxidation rate was influenced by temperature, as it was reduced when the temperature decreased from 22 °C to 8 °C. However, some oxidation was observed at a lower temperature, which was confirmed by CO2 concentrations above the initial level and the observed temperatures above the exposure temperature along the height of biocover column. Furthermore, results showed that when the compost-based materials were subjected to 8 °C and then increased to 22 °C, methane oxidation within the material recovered quickly and returned to similar oxidation rates as observed before the temperature was reduced, suggesting that compost-based biocovers may not be affected by cyclic temperature variations when used in colder climates. Methane oxidation capacity was limited by the maximum oxidation rate, the biocover porosity, and the gas saturation profile that affects residence time and overall methane oxidation in the columns. The model results show that the CH4 oxidation rate was reduced by one order of magnitude when the temperature decreased from 22 °C to 8 °C. Therefore, the calculated Q10 values were 4.19 and 5.18 for the food and yard waste compost, respectively. Overall, compost-based landfill biocovers, such as food and yard waste compost, are capable of mitigate CH4 emissions from old and small landfills under different temperature conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oday T Al-Heetimi
- Carleton University, Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Cole J C Van De Ven
- Carleton University, Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - Paul J Van Geel
- Carleton University, Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Mohammad T Rayhani
- Carleton University, Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
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3
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Houghton KM, Carere CR, Stott MB, McDonald IR. Thermophilic methane oxidation is widespread in Aotearoa-New Zealand geothermal fields. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1253773. [PMID: 37720161 PMCID: PMC10502179 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1253773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Geothermal areas represent substantial point sources for greenhouse gas emissions such as methane. While it is known that methanotrophic microorganisms act as a biofilter, decreasing the efflux of methane in most soils to the atmosphere, the diversity and the extent to which methane is consumed by thermophilic microorganisms in geothermal ecosystems has not been widely explored. To determine the extent of biologically mediated methane oxidation at elevated temperatures, we set up 57 microcosms using soils from 14 Aotearoa-New Zealand geothermal fields and show that moderately thermophilic (>40°C) and thermophilic (>60°C) methane oxidation is common across the region. Methane oxidation was detected in 54% (n = 31) of the geothermal soil microcosms tested at temperatures up to 75°C (pH 1.5-8.1), with oxidation rates ranging from 0.5 to 17.4 μmol g-1 d-1 wet weight. The abundance of known aerobic methanotrophs (up to 60.7% Methylacidiphilum and 11.2% Methylothermus) and putative anaerobic methanotrophs (up to 76.7% Bathyarchaeota) provides some explanation for the rapid rates of methane oxidation observed in microcosms. However, not all methane oxidation was attributable to known taxa; in some methane-consuming microcosms we detected methanotroph taxa in conditions outside of their known temperature range for growth, and in other examples, we observed methane oxidation in the absence of known methanotrophs through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Both of these observations suggest unidentified methane oxidizing microorganisms or undescribed methanotrophic syntrophic associations may also be present. Subsequent enrichment cultures from microcosms yielded communities not predicted by the original diversity studies and showed rates inconsistent with microcosms (≤24.5 μmol d-1), highlighting difficulties in culturing representative thermophilic methanotrophs. Finally, to determine the active methane oxidation processes, we attempted to elucidate metabolic pathways from two enrichment cultures actively oxidizing methane using metatranscriptomics. The most highly expressed genes in both enrichments (methane monooxygenases, methanol dehydrogenases and PqqA precursor peptides) were related to methanotrophs from Methylococcaceae, Methylocystaceae and Methylothermaceae. This is the first example of using metatranscriptomics to investigate methanotrophs from geothermal environments and gives insight into the metabolic pathways involved in thermophilic methanotrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M. Houghton
- Te Pū Ao | GNS Science, Wairakei Research Centre, Taupō, New Zealand
- Te Aka Mātuatua | School of Science, Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato | University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Carlo R. Carere
- Te Pū Ao | GNS Science, Wairakei Research Centre, Taupō, New Zealand
- Te Tari Pūhanga Tukanga Matū | Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha | University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Matthew B. Stott
- Te Pū Ao | GNS Science, Wairakei Research Centre, Taupō, New Zealand
- Te Kura Pūtaiao Koiora | School of Biological Sciences, Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha | University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Ian R. McDonald
- Te Aka Mātuatua | School of Science, Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato | University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
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Berhanu Y, Nigussie A, Jifar AA, Ahmed M, Biresaw A, Mamuye M, Fite A, Dume B. Nitrous oxide and methane emissions from coffee agroforestry systems with different intensities of canopy closure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 876:162821. [PMID: 36921873 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Agroforestry-based coffee production systems (AFs) contribute to climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration. However, it is unclear whether AFs produce lower nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) emissions than the open-shade coffee production system. In addition, little to no evidence is available to explain the relationship between canopy cover levels and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in AFs. The aim of this study was to investigate N2O, CH4 and yield-scaled emissions in AFs with differing shade-tree canopy levels. Three canopy cover levels were identified: (i) dense shade (80 % canopy closure), (ii) medium shade (49 % canopy closure), and (iii) open-shade (full sun) production. To determine the effect of canopy cover on GHG emissions under varying soil fertility management practices, three soil fertilization strategies were included: (i) mineral fertilizer, (ii) compost, and (iii) control (i.e., without soil amendment). The results showed that N2O emissions were two-to-three times greater when there was dense canopy cover than from open-shade production. The effect of canopy cover on N2O emission was more pronounced under the mineral fertilizer treatment. CH4 emissions were 44-64 % greater under the open-shade production system than under AFs. The yield-scaled global warming potential of 1 kg of fresh coffee cherries was 0.72 kg CO2eq for open-shade production, 0.58 kg CO2eq for medium canopy cover and 0.52 kg CO2eq for dense canopy cover. This study provides the first evidence of the importance of considering canopy cover intensity when determining the spatial-temporal variations in GHG emissions from agroforestry systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yericho Berhanu
- Africa Center of Excellence for Climate Smart Agriculture and Biodiversity Conservation, Haramaya University, Ethiopia
| | - Abebe Nigussie
- Jimma University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 307 Jimma, Ethiopia.
| | - Abdo Aba Jifar
- Jimma University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 307 Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Milkyas Ahmed
- Jimma University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 307 Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Armaye Biresaw
- Jimma University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 307 Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Melkamu Mamuye
- Jimma University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 307 Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Amsalu Fite
- Jimma University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 307 Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Bayu Dume
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Department of Agro-environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
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5
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Tveit AT, Söllinger A, Rainer EM, Didriksen A, Hestnes AG, Motleleng L, Hellinger HJ, Rattei T, Svenning MM. Thermal acclimation of methanotrophs from the genus Methylobacter. THE ISME JOURNAL 2023; 17:502-513. [PMID: 36650275 PMCID: PMC10030640 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-023-01363-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Methanotrophs oxidize most of the methane (CH4) produced in natural and anthropogenic ecosystems. Often living close to soil surfaces, these microorganisms must frequently adjust to temperature change. While many environmental studies have addressed temperature effects on CH4 oxidation and methanotrophic communities, there is little knowledge about the physiological adjustments that underlie these effects. We have studied thermal acclimation in Methylobacter, a widespread, abundant, and environmentally important methanotrophic genus. Comparisons of growth and CH4 oxidation kinetics at different temperatures in three members of the genus demonstrate that temperature has a strong influence on how much CH4 is consumed to support growth at different CH4 concentrations. However, the temperature effect varies considerably between species, suggesting that how a methanotrophic community is composed influences the temperature effect on CH4 uptake. To understand thermal acclimation mechanisms widely we carried out a transcriptomics experiment with Methylobacter tundripaludum SV96T. We observed, at different temperatures, how varying abundances of transcripts for glycogen and protein biosynthesis relate to cellular glycogen and ribosome concentrations. Our data also demonstrated transcriptional adjustment of CH4 oxidation, oxidative phosphorylation, membrane fatty acid saturation, cell wall composition, and exopolysaccharides between temperatures. In addition, we observed differences in M. tundripaludum SV96T cell sizes at different temperatures. We conclude that thermal acclimation in Methylobacter results from transcriptional adjustment of central metabolism, protein biosynthesis, cell walls and storage. Acclimation leads to large shifts in CH4 consumption and growth efficiency, but with major differences between species. Thus, our study demonstrates that physiological adjustments to temperature change can substantially influence environmental CH4 uptake rates and that consideration of methanotroph physiology might be vital for accurate predictions of warming effects on CH4 emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T Tveit
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Andrea Söllinger
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Edda Marie Rainer
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Alena Didriksen
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Anne Grethe Hestnes
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Liabo Motleleng
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Hans-Jörg Hellinger
- University of Vienna, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Vienna, Austria
- University of Vienna, Doctoral School in Microbiology and Environmental Science, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Rattei
- University of Vienna, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mette M Svenning
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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6
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Delgado M, López A, Esteban-García AL, Lobo A. The importance of particularising the model to estimate landfill GHG emissions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 325:116600. [PMID: 36326528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Methane generation in landfills can be estimated using mathematical models. One of the most widespread estimation models is that developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Despite its popularity, the simplicity that characterises this model markedly limits the possibility of representing operation alternatives, which can strongly impact surface emissions and hinder the introduction of local data that are sometimes available. In this study, the IPCC model was applied to a case study from which field data on gas emissions were available. To fit the model to the studied landfill conditions, a series of modifications were made, including changes in Degradable Organic Carbon (DOC) and methane generation rate constant (k) values, and degradation times for some waste fractions, and by considering leachate carbon and the inclusion of gas lateral migration phenomena or changes in the methane oxidation factor. The model's Final Version improved the fit of its Initial Version to the experimentally estimated values in the case study by more than 65%. Some modifications, such as considering the carbon dragged by leachate or the contour migration of gas, have a minor impact on the model's fit. However, changes in the degradation time of some fractions according to their particular pretreatment or the modification of parameter k in accordance with the moisture conditions in each landfill phase, strongly influence the model's results. This highlights the importance of particularising estimation models to achieve more accurate results, which allow better estimates of the efficiency of mitigation measures for landfill gas emissions in each facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Delgado
- Grupo de Ingeniería Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias y Técnicas del Agua y del Medio ambiente, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros n. 44, 39005, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Ana López
- Grupo de Ingeniería Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias y Técnicas del Agua y del Medio ambiente, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros n. 44, 39005, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Ana Lorena Esteban-García
- Grupo de Ingeniería Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias y Técnicas del Agua y del Medio ambiente, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros n. 44, 39005, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Amaya Lobo
- Grupo de Ingeniería Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias y Técnicas del Agua y del Medio ambiente, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros n. 44, 39005, Santander, Cantabria, Spain.
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7
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Qin Y, Xi B, Sun X, Zhang H, Xue C, Wu B. Methane Emission Reduction and Biological Characteristics of Landfill Cover Soil Amended With Hydrophobic Biochar. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:905466. [PMID: 35757810 PMCID: PMC9213677 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.905466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochar-amended landfill cover soil (BLCS) can promote CH4 and O2 diffusion, but it increases rainwater entry in the rainy season, which is not conducive to CH4 emission reduction. Hydrophobic biochar–amended landfill cover soil (HLCS) was prepared to investigate the changes in CH4 emission reduction and biological characteristics, and BLCS was prepared as control. Results showed that rainwater retention time in HLCS was reduced by half. HLCS had a higher CH4 reduction potential, achieving 100% CH4 removal at 25% CH4 content of landfill gas, and its main contributors to CH4 reduction were found to be at depths of 10–30 cm (upper layer) and 50–60 cm (lower layer). The relative abundances of methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) in the upper and lower layers of HLCS were 55.93% and 46.93%, respectively, higher than those of BLCS (50.80% and 31.40%, respectively). Hydrophobic biochar amended to the landfill cover soil can realize waterproofing, ventilation, MOB growth promotion, and efficient CH4 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Beidou Xi
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China.,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojie Sun
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Chennan Xue
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Beibei Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
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8
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Chetri JK, Reddy KR, Green SJ. Use of methanotrophically activated biochar in novel biogeochemical cover system for carbon sequestration: Microbial characterization. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 821:153429. [PMID: 35101512 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biochar-amended soils have been explored to enhance microbial methane (CH4) oxidation in landfill cover systems. Recently, research priorities have expanded to include the mitigation of other components of landfill gas such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) along with CH4. In this study, column tests were performed to simulate the newly proposed biogeochemical cover systems, which incorporate biochar-amended soil for CH4 oxidation and basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag for CO2 and H2S mitigation, to evaluate the effect of cover configuration on microbial CH4 oxidation and community composition. Biogeochemical covers included a biochar-amended soil (10% w/w), and methanotroph-enriched activated biochar amended soil (5% or 10% w/w) as a biocover layer or CH4 oxidation layer. The primary outcome measures of interest were CH4 oxidation rates and the structure and abundance of methane-oxidation bacteria in the covers. All column reactors were active in CH4 oxidation, but columns containing activated biochar-amended soils had higher CH4 oxidation rates (133 to 143 μg CH4 g-1 day-1) than those containing non-activated biochar-amended soil (50 μg CH4 g-1 day-1) and no-biochar soil or control soil (43 μg CH4 g-1 day-1). All treatments showed significant increases in the relative abundance of methanotrophs from an average relative abundance of 5.6% before incubation to a maximum of 45% following incubation. In activated biochar, the abundance of Type II methanotrophs, primarily Methylocystis and Methylosinus, was greater than that of Type I methanotrophs (Methylobacter) due to which activated biochar-amended soils also showed higher abundance of Type II methanotrophs. Overall, biogeochemical cover profiles showed promising potential for CH4 oxidation without any adverse effect on microbial community composition and methane oxidation. Biochar activation led to an alteration of the dominant methanotrophic communities and increased CH4 oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti K Chetri
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Civil, Materials, and Environmental Engineering, 842 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
| | - Krishna R Reddy
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Civil, Materials, and Environmental Engineering, 842 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
| | - Stefan J Green
- Genomics and Microbiome Core Facility, Rush University Medical Center, 1653 W. Congress Parkway, Jelke Building, Room 444, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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10
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Microbial Communities in Methane Cycle: Modern Molecular Methods Gain Insights into Their Global Ecology. ENVIRONMENTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/environments8020016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The role of methane as a greenhouse gas in the concept of global climate changes is well known. Methanogens and methanotrophs are two microbial groups which contribute to the biogeochemical methane cycle in soil, so that the total emission of CH4 is the balance between its production and oxidation by microbial communities. Traditional identification techniques, such as selective enrichment and pure-culture isolation, have been used for a long time to study diversity of methanogens and methanotrophs. However, these techniques are characterized by significant limitations, since only a relatively small fraction of the microbial community could be cultured. Modern molecular methods for quantitative analysis of the microbial community such as real-time PCR (Polymerase chain reaction), DNA fingerprints and methods based on high-throughput sequencing together with different “omics” techniques overcome the limitations imposed by culture-dependent approaches and provide new insights into the diversity and ecology of microbial communities in the methane cycle. Here, we review available knowledge concerning the abundances, composition, and activity of methanogenic and methanotrophic communities in a wide range of natural and anthropogenic environments. We suggest that incorporation of microbial data could fill the existing microbiological gaps in methane flux modeling, and significantly increase the predictive power of models for different environments.
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11
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Xu Y, Wang Y, Ma X, Liu X, Zhang P, Cai T, Jia Z. Ridge-furrow mulching system and supplementary irrigation can reduce the greenhouse gas emission intensity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 717:137262. [PMID: 32084692 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, in order to explore the greenhouse gas emissions and global warming potential (GWP) in winter wheat fields under the ridge-furrow mulching system (RF) with supplementary irrigation, three rainfall conditions (heavy rainfall = 275 mm, normal rainfall = 200 mm, and light rainfall = 125 mm) and four irrigation treatments (150, 75, 37.5, and 0 mm) were simulated during the growth period. Traditional flat planting (TF) was used as the control and we determined the emissions of N2O, CO2, and CH4, as well as the GWP and greenhouse gas emission intensity (GHGI). The results obtained after three years (October 2016 to June 2019) showed that when the amount of irrigation was the same during the winter wheat growth period, the N2O emission flux, CO2 emission flux, and GHGI under RF decreased by 3.30-23.78%, 5.93-6.45%, and 5.01-23.72% with rainfall at 275 mm, respectively, compared with those under TF. Under the same level of supplementary irrigation, the N2O emission flux, CO2 emission flux, and GHGI decreased by 0.8-4.18%, 5.05-13.53%, and 7.83-13.72%, respectively, with rainfall at 200 mm, and they decreased by 17.49-32.46%, 25.57-35.35%, and 6.22-30.20% with rainfall at 125 mm. Under the three rainfall conditions, the absorption of CH4 in the winter wheat field increased as the supplementary irrigation decreased. Our results showed that the RF system can satisfy the goal of achieving high yields and saving water, as well as reducing the GHGI to contribute less to global climate warming as an environmentally friendly irrigation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue Xu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yingxin Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiangcheng Ma
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xian Liu
- Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tie Cai
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Zhikuan Jia
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Reddy KR, Rai RK, Green SJ, Chetri JK. Effect of temperature on methane oxidation and community composition in landfill cover soil. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 46:1283-1295. [PMID: 31317292 DOI: 10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0001712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills are the third largest anthropogenic source of methane (CH4) emissions in the United States. The majority of CH4 generated in landfills is converted to carbon dioxide (CO2) by CH4-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) present in the landfill cover soil, whose activity is controlled by various environmental factors including temperature. As landfill temperature can fluctuate substantially seasonally, rates of CH4 oxidation can also vary, and this could lead to incomplete oxidation. This study aims at analyzing the effect of temperature on CH4 oxidation potential and microbial community structure of methanotrophs in laboratory-based studies of landfill cover soil and cultivated consortia. Soil and enrichment cultures were incubated at temperatures ranging from 6 to 70 °C, and rates of CH4 oxidation were measured, and the microbial community structure was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and shotgun metagenome sequencing. CH4 oxidation occurred at temperatures from 6 to 50 °C in soil microcosm tests, and 6-40 °C in enrichment culture batch tests; maximum rates of oxidation were obtained at 30 °C. A corresponding shift in the soil microbiota was observed, with a transition from putative psychrophilic to thermophilic methanotrophs with increasing incubation temperature. A strong shift in methanotrophic community structure was observed above 30 °C. At temperatures up to 30 °C, methanotrophs from the genus Methylobacter were dominant in soils and enrichment cultures; at a temperature of 40 °C, putative thermophilic methanotrophs from the genus Methylocaldum become dominant. Maximum rate measurements of nearly 195 μg CH4 g-1 day-1 were observed in soil incubations, while observed maximum rates in enrichments were significantly lower, likely as a result of diffusion limitations. This study demonstrates that temperature is a critical factor affecting rates of landfill soil CH4 oxidation in vitro and that changing rates of CH4 oxidation are in part driven by changes in methylotroph community structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna R Reddy
- Department of Civil and Materials Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
| | - Raksha K Rai
- Department of Civil and Materials Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Stefan J Green
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sequencing Core, Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 S. Wolcott, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Jyoti K Chetri
- Department of Civil and Materials Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
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