1
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Stewart BM, Joyce MM, Creeggan J, Eccles S, Gerwing MG, Turner SE. Primates and disability: Behavioral flexibility and implications for resilience to environmental change. Am J Primatol 2023:e23579. [PMID: 38050800 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Congenital malformations, conditions, injuries, and illness can lead to long-term physical impairment and disability in nonhuman primates. How individual primates change their behaviors flexibly to compensate for their disabilities can inform our understanding of their resilience and ability to adjust to environmental change. Here, we synthesize the literature on nonhuman primates and disability, addressing the questions: how does disability influence behavior in primates? What insights can we take from the literature to better understand and predict the capacity of primates to modify their behaviors in the face of human-induced environmental change? We conducted a systematic review of the literature on spontaneous physical impairment and disability in captive, free-ranging, and wild primates. We surveyed 2807 articles on Web of Science and Scopus and identified 114 studies that fit our predetermined inclusion criteria. Behavioral plasticity, maternal and conspecific care, and the potential for innovation of novel behaviors allow many primates with disabilities to compensate when faced with challenges that are outside the scope of usual circumstances. We also found that 60% of the publications connected primate physical impairment and disability to human activities, suggesting an entangled relationship among humans, the environment, and primate disability. Disability and physical impairments provide an opportunity to examine how primates modify their behavior when presented with challenging conditions, and their potential resilience to a changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brogan M Stewart
- Department of Geography, Planning, and Environment, Concordia University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Megan M Joyce
- Department of Geography, Planning, and Environment, Concordia University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jack Creeggan
- Department of Geography, Planning, and Environment, Concordia University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Stephanie Eccles
- Department of Geography, Planning, and Environment, Concordia University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mikaela G Gerwing
- Department of Geography, Planning, and Environment, Concordia University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sarah E Turner
- Department of Geography, Planning, and Environment, Concordia University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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3
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Bicca-Marques JC. Little things, big consequences. Primates 2023; 64:463-468. [PMID: 37644239 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-023-01089-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Júlio César Bicca-Marques
- Laboratório de Primatologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga 6681, Prédio 12D, Sala 401.02, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil.
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6
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Dias PAD, Rangel Negrín A. One step forward, two steps backward: The frailty of howler monkey conservation in Los Tuxtlas, Mexico. Am J Primatol 2022; 84:e23437. [PMID: 36128630 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Most primate taxa are threatened by extinction and their populations are decreasing. The persistence of primates is thus conditional on conservation actions aimed at protecting them and their habitat. Here, we focus on the conservation of mantled howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata) in the Los Tuxtlas Biosphere Reserve, Mexico. Following the creation of the reserve in 1998, habitat availability and howler monkey abundance increased, suggesting that progress was being made in terms of the conservation of this species. Recent events, however, suggest otherwise, as mantled howler monkey habitat within the biosphere reserve is being disturbed by mining operations endorsed by the Mexican government. We report this case to raise awareness about the challenges for primate and habitat conservation in protected areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A D Dias
- Primate Behavioral Ecology Lab, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Ariadna Rangel Negrín
- Primate Behavioral Ecology Lab, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
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7
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Possamai CB, Rodrigues de Melo F, Mendes SL, Strier KB. Demographic changes in an Atlantic Forest primate community following a yellow fever outbreak. Am J Primatol 2022; 84:e23425. [PMID: 35899394 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We investigated demographic changes in three primate species (Alouatta guariba, Sapajus nigritus, and Callithrix flaviceps) at the Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural-Feliciano Miguel Abdala, Caratinga, Minas Gerais, Brazil, following a yellow fever outbreak (YFO) by comparing their population sizes before (2015) and after the outbreak (2017-2018), and by monitoring the size, composition, and reproductive status of groups from 2017 to 2021. Comparisons of pre- and post-YFO census data indicate the A. guariba population declined by 86.6%, from an estimated minimum of 522 individuals to 70 individuals. However, by October 2021, the population had grown to at least 86 individuals, with an adult sex ratio (N = 53) that was female-biased (0.61). Eleven of the 13 groups being monitored systematically were reproductively active with high survivorship to 12 months of age. S. nigritus declined by 40%, from 377 to 226 individuals. The sex ratio of 33 adult S. nigritus is also female-biased (0.71), and at least 8 of 15 groups being monitored are reproductively active. C. flaviceps declined by 80%, from 85 individuals to the 15-17 individuals observed from 2017 to 2021. The female-biased adult sex ratio and presence of infants and juveniles in the A. guariba and S. nigritus groups are encouraging signs, but there is still great concern, especially for C. flaviceps. Continued monitoring of the demographics of these primates is needed as their persistence appears to still be at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla B Possamai
- Financial Sector, Muriqui Instituto de Biodiversidade-MIB-R: Euclydes Etienne Arreguy Filho, Centro Caratinga, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Rodrigues de Melo
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MeCFauna Lab, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Lucena Mendes
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, CCHN/UFES, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlântica (INMA), Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Karen B Strier
- Department of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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8
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Freire Filho R, Inforzato I, Tabacow FP, Martins W, Possamai CB, Ferraz D, Hack ROE, Rocha S, Slomp DV, Nery MS, Almeida L, Fernandes N, Alves PPR, Mendes SL, Strier KB. Thanatology in the northern muriqui (Brachyteles hypoxanthus). Primates 2022; 63:335-342. [PMID: 35648246 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-022-00991-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Primate thanatology, or the study of primate responses to dying and death, has become increasingly relevant in recent years. However, the number of reports remains small and the quality of published records is highly variable. Here, we extend the literature on comparative thanatology with observations on a population of the northern muriqui (Brachyteles hypoxanthus). We compiled all seven cases of muriqui responses to dead, dying, or abandoned infants observed by trained researchers of the Muriqui Project of Caratinga between 1998 and 2020. Four different adult females were observed carrying their dead offspring (n = 4) and one of these females was also observed carrying her dead grand-offspring (n = 1). Five of the seven cases involved dead newborns, one involved a newborn abandoned by its mother on the forest floor, and one involved a 1.6-year-old infant that was visibly ill and died after its mother left it on the ground. Dead newborns were carried for 1-3 days, and all cases occurred during the dry season months. No other age-sex classes were observed to interact with the dead or dying immatures. Our observations are consistent with hypotheses concerning the predominance of dead-infant carrying in other primates, and with the effects of climate on rates of corpse disintegration. They also show the value of long-term studies for obtaining and understanding anecdotal records of rare behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robério Freire Filho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brasil.
| | - Igor Inforzato
- Centro de Pesquisa e Conservação, Projeto BioBrasil, Sociedade Zoológica de Antuérpia, Antuérpia, Belgium.,Bicho do Mato Instituto de Pesquisa, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernanda P Tabacow
- Muriqui Instituto de Biodiversidade: MIB, Rua Euclydes Etienne Arreguy Filho, Centro Caratinga, MG, 35300-372, Brazil
| | - Waldney Martins
- Departamento de Biologia Geral e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Uso dos Recursos Naturais, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, MG, 39401-089, Brazil
| | - Carla B Possamai
- Muriqui Instituto de Biodiversidade: MIB, Rua Euclydes Etienne Arreguy Filho, Centro Caratinga, MG, 35300-372, Brazil
| | - Daniel Ferraz
- Rede Eco-Diversa para Conservação da Biodiversidade, Rua Glicério Dias Soares 76, Niterói, Tombos, MG, 36844-000, Brazil
| | - Robson O E Hack
- Instituto de Tecnologia para o Desenvolvimento, LACTEC, Avenida Comendador Franco 1341, Jardim Botânico, Curitiba, 80215-090, Brazil
| | - Samantha Rocha
- Arvo Vida Ambiental, Rua Professor Antonio Tupy Pinheiro, Boa Vista, Curitiba, PR, 82650-100, Brazil
| | - Daniel V Slomp
- Secretaria do Meio Ambiente e Infraestrutura do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, SEMA-RS, Avenida Borges de Medeiros, 1.501, 7º andar, Centro Histórico Porto Alegre, RS, 90119-900, Brazil
| | - Marcello S Nery
- Muriqui Instituto de Biodiversidade: MIB, Rua Euclydes Etienne Arreguy Filho, Centro Caratinga, MG, 35300-372, Brazil
| | - Letícia Almeida
- Muriqui Instituto de Biodiversidade: MIB, Rua Euclydes Etienne Arreguy Filho, Centro Caratinga, MG, 35300-372, Brazil
| | - Naíla Fernandes
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia Animal, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Pedro Paulo Rezende Alves
- Taxa Mundi Institute, Rua Vereda dos Buritis 140, Veredas da Lagoa, Lagoa Santa, MG, 33239-659, Brazil
| | - Sérgio L Mendes
- Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlântica (INMA), Avenida José Ruschi 4, Santa Teresa, ES, 29650-000, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, 29075-010, Brazil
| | - Karen B Strier
- Department of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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Toulec T, Lhota S, Scott K, Putera AKS, Kustiawan W, Nijman V. A decade of proboscis monkey (
Nasalis larvatus
) population monitoring in Balikpapan Bay: Confronting predictions with empirical data. Am J Primatol 2022; 84:e23357. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tadeáš Toulec
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Praha Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Lhota
- Department of Animal Science and Food Processing, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Praha Czech Republic
- Ústí nad Labem Zoo Ústí nad Labem Czech Republic
| | - Katherine Scott
- School of Social Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Oxford Brookes University Oxford UK
| | - Alexander K. S. Putera
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Bogor Agricultural University Bogor Indonesia
| | - Wawan Kustiawan
- Department of Forestry Science, Faculty of Forestry University of Mulawarman Samarinda Indonesia
| | - Vincent Nijman
- School of Social Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Oxford Brookes University Oxford UK
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