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Marshall I, Thrippleton MJ, Bastin ME, Mollison D, Dickie DA, Chappell FM, Semple SIK, Cooper A, Pavitt S, Giovannoni G, Wheeler-Kingshott CAMG, Solanky BS, Weir CJ, Stallard N, Hawkins C, Sharrack B, Chataway J, Connick P, Chandran S. Characterisation of tissue-type metabolic content in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: a magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging study. J Neurol 2018; 265:1795-1802. [PMID: 29846780 PMCID: PMC6060762 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-018-8903-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy yields metabolic information and has proved to be a useful addition to structural imaging in neurological diseases. We applied short-echo time Spectroscopic Imaging in a cohort of 42 patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). Linear modelling with respect to brain tissue type yielded metabolite levels that were significantly different in white matter lesions compared with normal-appearing white matter, suggestive of higher myelin turnover (higher choline), higher metabolic rate (higher creatine) and increased glial activity (higher myo-inositol) within the lesions. These findings suggest that the lesions have ongoing cellular activity that is not consistent with the usual assumption of ‘chronic’ lesions in SPMS, and may represent a target for repair therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Marshall
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | | | - Mark E Bastin
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Daisy Mollison
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David A Dickie
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Scott I K Semple
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Annette Cooper
- Edinburgh Imaging QMRI Facility, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sue Pavitt
- Dental Translational and Clinical Research Unit, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Gavin Giovannoni
- Department of Neurology, Barts and the London NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Claudia A M Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott
- UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square MS Centre, University College London, London, UK.,Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Brain MRI 3T Research Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Bhavana S Solanky
- UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square MS Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Christopher J Weir
- Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nigel Stallard
- Division of Health Sciences, University of Warwick, Warwick, UK
| | - Clive Hawkins
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Basil Sharrack
- Academic Department of Neuroscience, The Sheffield NIHR Translational Neuroscience Biomedical Research Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jeremy Chataway
- Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Peter Connick
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Cichocka M, Kozub J, Urbanik A. Brain aging: Evaluation of pH using phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18:881-885. [PMID: 29392833 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Very important aspects of aging include age-related changes occurring in the brain. The aim of the present study was to identify the standard pH value in the entire brain volume using phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy in healthy individuals of both sexes in different age groups, and then to determine whether there are differences in these values. METHODS A total of 65 individuals aged 20-32 years (mean age 24.5 ± 2.1 years, 31 women and 34 men) and 31 individuals aged 60-81 years (mean age 64.9 ± 5.5 years, 17 women and 14 men) were studied. The phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy examination was carried out using a 1.5-T magnetic resonance system. The signal was acquired from the volume of interest that covered the whole brain. RESULTS A vast majority of the examined individuals had slightly alkaline brain pH regardless of age. In the ≥20 years group, pH was 7.09 ± 0.11, and in the ≥60 years group, the average pH was 7.03 ± 0.05. This comparison of the pH identified in all the tested individuals shows a negative correlation of pH with age. CONCLUSIONS The present findings might provide a valuable basis for further research into "healthy aging" as well as pathology in older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 881-885.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Cichocka
- Department of Radiology, Medical College Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Justyna Kozub
- Department of Radiology, Medical College Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej Urbanik
- Department of Radiology, Medical College Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Variance components associated with long-echo-time MR spectroscopic imaging in human brain at 1.5T and 3T. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189872. [PMID: 29287066 PMCID: PMC5747450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECT Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is increasingly used in medicine and clinical research. Previous reliability studies have used small samples and focussed on limited aspects of variability; information regarding 1.5T versus 3T performance is lacking. The aim of the present work was to measure the inter-session, intra-session, inter-subject, within-brain and residual variance components using both 1.5T and 3T MR scanners. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eleven healthy volunteers were invited for MRSI scanning on three occasions at both 1.5T and 3T, with four scans acquired at each visit. We measured variance components, correcting for grey matter and white matter content of voxels, of metabolite peak areas and peak area ratios. RESULTS Residual variance was in general the largest component at 1.5T (8.6-24.6%), while within-brain variation was the largest component at 3T (12.0-24.7%). Inter-subject variation was around 5%, while inter- and intra-session variance were both generally small. CONCLUSION Multiple variance contributions associated with MRSI measurements were quantified and the performance of 1.5T and 3T MRI scanners compared using data from the same group of subjects. Residual error is much lower at 3T, but other variance components remain important.
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