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Isik B, Bilgi M. Investigation of Physicochemical Characteristics of Aspergillus niger Biomass and Examination of Its Ability to Separate Butyl Acetate Isomers. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-04881-y. [PMID: 38411937 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04881-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Aspergillus niger is a species of fungus that is widely found in natural ecosystems and has an important role in various industrial fields and is readily available. To study the adhesion of microbial cells to solid substrates and to improve their properties, physicochemical characterization of microorganisms is extremely important. For this purpose, in this study, the surface properties of A. niger biomass were determined at low cost and with high accuracy by inverse gas chromatography (IGC), a physicochemical characterization technique. IGC experiments were conducted between 303.2 and 328.2 K at infinite dilution. Among these temperatures, various organic solvent vapors were passed over the A. niger biomass considered as stationary phase and their retention behavior was studied. Using the raw data, net retention volumes were calculated and retention diagrams were drawn. From the linear retention diagrams, the dispersive surface energy was calculated according to Dorris-Gray (48.73-46.09 mJ/m2), Donnet-Park (47.12-44.50 mJ/m2), Schultz (46.88-42.45 mJ/m2), and Hamieh (76.42-64.06 mJ/m2) methods. With the IGC method, the acidity-basicity parameters of A. niger biomass were determined and it was found that the surface was basic (K D / K A = 4.871 ). In the second part of this study, the butyl acetate isomer series, which are difficult to be separated by conventional methods, were effectively separated by the IGC method using A. niger stationary phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birol Isik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Yildiz Technical University, Esenler, Istanbul, 34220, Turkey.
| | - Mesut Bilgi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Yildiz Technical University, Esenler, Istanbul, 34220, Turkey
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Vaňkátová P, Kubíčková A, Kalíková K. Enantioseparation of liquid crystals and their utilization as enantiodiscrimination materials. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1673:463074. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Isik B, Cakar F, Cankurtaran O. The study on cholesteryl chloroformate liquid crystal for separation of isomers and determination of its surface properties. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2021.1903503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Birol Isik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Cakar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Cankurtaran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Mermat N, Ferroukhi O, Peulon-Agasse V, Bayle JP, Guermouche MH, Cardinael P. Original Mesogenic Citronellol-Based Stationary Phase for Both Normal- and Reversed-Phase HPLC Modes: Properties and Applications. Chromatographia 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-020-03965-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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5
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Shin Y, Wang Q, Yang DK. Chiral differentiation of limonene in chiral nematic liquid crystals. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:3669-3677. [PMID: 32167518 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm02139f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chirality is of great importance in physical and biological systems. It helps differentiate chemical reactions and physical processes. It was reported that the diffusion of mesogenic chiral guests in chiral nematic liquid crystal hosts profoundly depends on the chirality of the guest and host molecules. When the guest and host molecules have the same handedness, the diffusion is much faster than that when the guest and host molecules have the opposite handedness. In this paper, we report the discovery that chiral differentiation also exists in the diffusion of limonene, which is non-mesogenic in chiral nematic liquid crystals. The diffusion of l-limonene (right-handed) in chiral nematic liquid crystals with a right handed helical structure is faster than that of d-limonene (left-handed). This result might be important in understanding the effects of chirality on physical processes that take place in biological systems. In addition, this effect could be utilized for enantiomer separation in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunho Shin
- Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA.
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, and Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China and Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Deng-Ke Yang
- Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA. and Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA and Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
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A promising "metastable" liquid crystal stationary phase for gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1616:460786. [PMID: 31882122 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The liquid crystal state is an ordered physical state between a solid and a liquid. Previous research, in gas chromatography, proved that it provides a geometric selectivity, which allows the separation of geometric position isomers and cis-trans isomers that are difficult to separate on conventional gas chromatography stationary phases (polydimethyl siloxane derived and polyethylene glycol stationary phases). However, their use was generally very limited by the rather high temperature at which they must be operated, normally above the solid-liquid crystal transition temperature. In the present study we are interested in a new synthesized material, 1,4- bis (4-bromohexyloxy benzoate) phenyl (BHOBP). The first characterizations of BHOBP were carried out by thermogravimetric analysis, hot-stage optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry to control the thermal stability of the BHOBP as well as the nematic texture of the mesophase highlighted in a well-defined temperature range (120 °C-200 °C). When heated, the solid compound led to a stable liquid crystal state. Its cooling has revealed "a new metastable physical state, which is the supercooled liquid crystal phase". After these first characterizations, the new material was used as a stationary phase for gas chromatography. The BHOBP was deposited in a capillary column by the dynamic method. The inverse gas chromatography study of the column revealed a solid-stable nematic phase transition temperature, in agreement with the first characterization methods. The stable liquid crystal phase showed good resolutions in the analysis of some geometric isomers of low volatility as PAHs. The presence of the supercooled liquid crystal state in the chromatographic column has also been confirmed. This new metastable state is particularly interesting because it enlarged the scope of this material by improving the resolution of several mixtures. Thus, the separation of highly volatile mixtures of geometric isomers (e.g. cis and trans-decalin) was achieved only through this metastable mesophase confirming its unique selectivity. The metastable liquid crystal, used at 80 °C, has also exhibited an original behavior by its stability after several weeks of use at the same temperature, maintaining constant retention factors and selectivity.
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Sargazi M, Linford MR, Kaykhaii M. Liquid Crystals in Analytical Chemistry: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2018; 49:243-255. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2018.1512399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mona Sargazi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Matthew R. Linford
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Massoud Kaykhaii
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
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Peng J, Zhang Y, Yang X, Qi M. High-resolution separation performance of poly(caprolactone)diol for challenging isomers of xylenes, phenols and anilines by capillary gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1466:148-54. [PMID: 27608617 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Efficient separation of xylenes, phenols and anilines is a big issue in chemical and petroleum industries. This work presents the first example of employing poly (caprolactone) diol (PCL-Diol) as stationary phase for high-resolution gas chromatographic (GC) separations of these tough isomer mixtures. It showed medium polarity and stronger H-bonding basicity than H-bonding acidity. Impressively, PCL-Diol column exhibited extremely high resolving capability for the isomer mixtures of xylenes, cresols/xylenols, and toluidines/xylidines with good peak shapes. Moreover, it exhibited preferential retention for analytes of a linear alkyl chain, suggesting its shape fitting selectivity for specific analytes. In addition, its separation performance has good repeatability with RSD values on retention times below 0.01% for run to run (n=6), 0.67-0.80% for day to day (n=4) and 3.2-4.4% for column to column (n=4) repeatability, respectively. Furthermore, it was applied for the determination of isomer impurities in real samples, showing good potential for practical use. This work demonstrates the advantageous high-resolution separation performance for challenging isomers and shows its promising future of PCL-Diol-based materials in separation science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Meiling Qi
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Performance and selectivity of dicyanuric-functionalized polycaprolactone as stationary phase for capillary gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1466:129-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Grajek H, Witkiewicz Z, Purchała M, Drzewiński W. Liquid Crystals as Stationary Phases in Chromatography. Chromatographia 2016; 79:1217-1245. [PMID: 27738351 PMCID: PMC5039231 DOI: 10.1007/s10337-016-3154-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The most correct analysis of the compositions of diverse analytes mixtures is significant for analytical studies in different fields; however, many prevalent analytes cannot be identified employing traditional partition gas chromatographic methods. Thus, the increasing requirements on analytes of isomeric compounds and the problems encountered in their separation demand a study of more diverse analytical systems which are characterised by higher selectivity. Therefore, the selectivity and polarities of various liquid crystals (rod-like, banana-shape, biforked, oxygen, sulphur, nitrogen, and metal containing molecules, Schiff-base, and polymeric dendrimers) employed as liquid crystalline stationary phases (LCSPs) have been discussed from both points of views, namely, their analytical applications and thermodynamic characteristics of infinitely diluted probes with different acceptor–donor properties. Extreme particular effort has been paid to the different interdependencies between the bound up chemical structures of liquid crystal molecules with their different acceptor–donor properties and the connected resolution capabilities in the interpretation of the probe—LCSP systems, on the basis of the \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$ { \ln }\left( {\frac{{a_{1} }}{{w_{1} }}} \right)^{\infty } = f\left( {\frac{1}{T}} \right) $$\end{document}lna1w1∞=f1T dependencies, with regard to the LCSP compositions, which have been controlled by the counterbalancing of the enthalpy and entropy factors. The properties of binary systems composed of liquid crystalline poly(propyleneimine) dendrimers—rod-like molecules of liquid crystals and effects of the dendrimer structure, the chemical nature, and molecular size of the non-mesogens on the ability to dissolve in the liquid crystalline phases, have been interpreted. Practical applications of metallomesogenes and chiral stationary phases for analytical separation of different organic substances have also been taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Grajek
- Institute of Chemistry, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Z Witkiewicz
- Institute of Chemistry, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Purchała
- Institute of Chemistry, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - W Drzewiński
- Institute of Chemistry, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
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Lv Q, Feng S, Jing L, Zhang Q, Qi M, Wang J, Bai H, Fu R. Features of a truxene-based stationary phase in capillary gas chromatography for separation of some challenging isomers. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1454:114-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.05.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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End Group Effect on the Thermal and Gas Chromatographic Properties of Some para-Substituted Non-Symmetrical Nematogens. Chromatographia 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-016-3107-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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