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Liang S, Zhao W, Chen Y, Lin H, Zhang W, Deng M, Fu L, Zhong X, Zeng S, He B, Qi X, Lü M. A comparative investigation of catalytic mechanism and domain between catechol-O-methyltransferase isoforms by isomeric shikonin and alkannin. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124758. [PMID: 37150367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The differences in catalytic mechanism and domain between the soluble (S-COMT) and membrane-bound catechol-O-methyltransferase (MB-COMT) are poorly documented due to the unavailable crystal structure of MB-COMT. Considering the enzymatic nature of S-COMT and MB-COMT, the challenge could be solvable by probing the interactions between the enzymes with the ligands with minor differences in structures. Herein, isomeric shikonin and alkannin bearing a R/S -OH group in side chain at the C2 position were used for domain profiling of COMTs. Human and rat liver-derived COMTs showed the differences in inhibitory response (human's IC50 and Ki values for S-COMT < rat's, 5.80-19.56 vs. 19.56-37.47 μM; human's IC50 and Ki values for MB-COMT > rat's) and mechanism (uncompetition vs. noncompetition) towards the two isomers. The inhibition of the two isomers against human and rat S-COMTs was stronger than those for MB-COMTs (S-COMT's IC50 and Ki values < MB-COMT's, 5.80-37.47 vs. 40.01-111.8 μM). Additionally, the inhibition response of alkannin was higher than those of shikonin in no matter human and rat COMTs. Molecular docking stimulation was used for analysis. The inhibitory effects observed in in vitro and in silico tests were confirmed in vivo. These findings would facilitate further COMT-associated basic and applied research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; The Public Platform of Advanced Detecting Instruments, Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Human Microecology and Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou 646000, China; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases of Sichuan Key Laboratory, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yonglan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Hua Lin
- Technology Center of Chengdu Customs, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Mingming Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Lu Fu
- The Public Platform of Advanced Detecting Instruments, Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Su Zeng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing He
- The Public Platform of Advanced Detecting Instruments, Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xiaoyi Qi
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Muhan Lü
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Human Microecology and Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou 646000, China; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases of Sichuan Key Laboratory, Luzhou 646000, China.
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Elhady SS, Abdelhameed RFA, Mehanna ET, Wahba AS, Elfaky MA, Koshak AE, Noor AO, Bogari HA, Malatani RT, Goda MS. Metabolic Profiling, Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Capacity, and In Vivo Hepato- and Nephroprotective Effects of Sonchus cornutus in Mice Exposed to Cisplatin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:819. [PMID: 35624682 PMCID: PMC9137627 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sonchus cornutus (Asteraceae) is a wild. edible plant that represents a plentiful source of polyphenolic compounds. For the first time, the metabolic analysis profiling demonstrated the presence of anthocyanidin glycosides, coumarins, flavonoids and their corresponding glycosides, and phenolic acids. The total phenolic compounds were determined to be 206.28 ± 14.64 mg gallic acid equivalent/gm, while flavonoids were determined to be 45.56 ± 1.78 mg quercetin equivalent/gm. The crude extract of S. cornutus exhibited a significant 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging effect with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 16.10 ± 2.14 µg/mL compared to ascorbic acid as a standard (10.64 ± 0.82 µg/mL). In vitro total antioxidant capacity and ferric reducing power capacity assays revealed a promising reducing potential of S. cornutus extract. Therefore, the possible protective effects of S. cornutus against hepatic and renal toxicity induced by cisplatin in experimental mice were investigated. S. cornutus significantly ameliorated the cisplatin-induced disturbances in liver and kidney functions and oxidative stress, decreased MDA, ROS, and NO levels, and restored CAT and SOD activities. Besides, it reversed cisplatin-driven upregulation in inflammatory markers, including iNOS, IL-6, and IL-1β levels and NF-κB and TNF-α expression, and elevated anti-inflammatory IL-10 levels and Nrf2 expression. Additionally, the extract mitigated cisplatin alteration in apoptotic (Bax and caspase-3) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) proteins. Interestingly, hepatic, and renal histopathology revealed the protective impacts of S. cornutus against cisplatin-induced pathological changes. Our findings guarantee a protective effect of S. cornutus against cisplatin-induced hepatic and renal damage via modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh S. Elhady
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.E.); (A.E.K.)
| | - Reda F. A. Abdelhameed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala 43713, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Eman T. Mehanna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.T.M.); (A.S.W.)
| | - Alaa Samir Wahba
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.T.M.); (A.S.W.)
| | - Mahmoud A. Elfaky
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.E.); (A.E.K.)
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman E. Koshak
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.E.); (A.E.K.)
| | - Ahmad O. Noor
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.O.N.); (H.A.B.); (R.T.M.)
| | - Hanin A. Bogari
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.O.N.); (H.A.B.); (R.T.M.)
| | - Rania T. Malatani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.O.N.); (H.A.B.); (R.T.M.)
| | - Marwa S. Goda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
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