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Social behaviour as a predominant driver of sexual, age-dependent and reproductive segregation in Mediterranean mouflon. Anim Behav 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2017.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Portanier E, Garel M, Devillard S, Marchand P, Andru J, Maillard D, Bourgoin G. Introduction history overrides social factors in explaining genetic structure of females in Mediterranean mouflon. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:9580-9591. [PMID: 29187991 PMCID: PMC5696436 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fine‐scale spatial genetic structure of populations results from social and spatial behaviors of individuals such as sex‐biased dispersal and philopatry. However, the demographic history of a given population can override such socio‐spatial factors in shaping genetic variability when bottlenecks or founder events occurred in the population. Here, we investigated whether socio‐spatial organization determines the fine‐scale genetic structure for both sexes in a Mediterranean mouflon (Ovis gmelini musimon × Ovis sp.) population in southern France 60 years after its introduction. Based on multilocus genotypes at 16 loci of microsatellite DNA (n = 230 individuals), we identified three genetic groups for females and two for males, and concurrently defined the same number of socio‐spatial units using both GPS‐collared individuals (n = 121) and visual resightings of marked individuals (n = 378). The socio‐spatial and genetic structures did not match, indicating that the former was not the main driver of the latter for both sexes. Beyond this structural mismatch, we found significant, yet low, genetic differentiation among female socio‐spatial groups, and no genetic differentiation in males, with this suggesting female philopatry and male‐biased gene flow, respectively. Despite spatial disconnection, females from the north of the study area were genetically closer to females from the south, as indicated by the spatial analysis of the genetic variability, and this pattern was in accordance with the common genetic origin of their founders. To conclude, more than 14 generations later, genetic signatures of first introduction are not only still detectable among females, but they also represent the main factor shaping their present‐time genetic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Portanier
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive CNRS Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Université de Lyon Villeurbanne France.,Unité Faune de Montagne Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage Juvignac France.,VetAgro Sup - Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon Université de Lyon Marcy l'Etoile France
| | - Mathieu Garel
- Unité Faune de Montagne Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage Juvignac France
| | - Sébastien Devillard
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive CNRS Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Université de Lyon Villeurbanne France
| | - Pascal Marchand
- Unité Faune de Montagne Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage Juvignac France
| | - Julie Andru
- Unité Faune de Montagne Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage Juvignac France.,VetAgro Sup - Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon Université de Lyon Marcy l'Etoile France
| | - Daniel Maillard
- Unité Faune de Montagne Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage Juvignac France
| | - Gilles Bourgoin
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive CNRS Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Université de Lyon Villeurbanne France.,VetAgro Sup - Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon Université de Lyon Marcy l'Etoile France
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Pellerin M, Bessière A, Maillard D, Capron G, Gaillard JM, Michallet J, Bonenfant C. Saving time and money by using diurnal vehicle counts to monitor roe deer abundance. WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.2981/wlb.00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryline Pellerin
- M. Pellerin and J. Michallet, Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Unité Cervidés-Sanglier, 1 place Exelmans, FR-55000 Bar-le-Duc, France
| | - Aurélie Bessière
- A. Bessière, J.-M. Gaillard and C. Bonenfant, Lab. de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, UMR CNRS, Univ. Claude Bernard Lyon, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Daniel Maillard
- D. Maillard, Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Unité Faune de Montagne, Juvignac, France
| | - Gilles Capron
- G. Capron, Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Délégation régionale Aquitaine-Limousin-Poitou-Charentes, Poitiers, France
| | - Jean-Michel Gaillard
- M. Pellerin and J. Michallet, Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Unité Cervidés-Sanglier, 1 place Exelmans, FR-55000 Bar-le-Duc, France
| | - Jacques Michallet
- A. Bessière, J.-M. Gaillard and C. Bonenfant, Lab. de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, UMR CNRS, Univ. Claude Bernard Lyon, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Bonenfant
- A. Bessière, J.-M. Gaillard and C. Bonenfant, Lab. de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, UMR CNRS, Univ. Claude Bernard Lyon, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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Takeshita K, Ikeda T, Takahashi H, Yoshida T, Igota H, Matsuura Y, Kaji K. Comparison of Drive Counts and Mark-Resight As Methods of Population Size Estimation of Highly Dense Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) Populations. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164345. [PMID: 27711181 PMCID: PMC5053607 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessing temporal changes in abundance indices is an important issue in the management of large herbivore populations. The drive counts method has been frequently used as a deer abundance index in mountainous regions. However, despite an inherent risk for observation errors in drive counts, which increase with deer density, evaluations of the utility of drive counts at a high deer density remain scarce. We compared the drive counts and mark-resight (MR) methods in the evaluation of a highly dense sika deer population (MR estimates ranged between 11 and 53 individuals/km2) on Nakanoshima Island, Hokkaido, Japan, between 1999 and 2006. This deer population experienced two large reductions in density; approximately 200 animals in total were taken from the population through a large-scale population removal and a separate winter mass mortality event. Although the drive counts tracked temporal changes in deer abundance on the island, they overestimated the counts for all years in comparison to the MR method. Increased overestimation in drive count estimates after the winter mass mortality event may be due to a double count derived from increased deer movement and recovery of body condition secondary to the mitigation of density-dependent food limitations. Drive counts are unreliable because they are affected by unfavorable factors such as bad weather, and they are cost-prohibitive to repeat, which precludes the calculation of confidence intervals. Therefore, the use of drive counts to infer the deer abundance needs to be reconsidered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutaka Takeshita
- Laboratory of Wildlife Management, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Takashi Ikeda
- Laboratory of Wildlife Management, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takahashi
- Kansai Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Yoshida
- Department of Environmental and Symbiotic Science, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Igota
- Department of Environmental and Symbiotic Science, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yukiko Matsuura
- Hokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Koichi Kaji
- Laboratory of Wildlife Management, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
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Beaver JT, Harper CA, Kissell RE, Muller LI, Basinger PS, Goode MJ, Van Manen FT, Winton W, Kennedy ML. Aerial vertical-looking infrared imagery to evaluate bias of distance sampling techniques for white-tailed deer. WILDLIFE SOC B 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/wsb.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jared T. Beaver
- Department of Forestry; Wildlife and Fisheries; University of Tennessee; 274 Ellington Plant Sciences Building Knoxville TN 37996 USA
| | - Craig A. Harper
- Department of Forestry; Wildlife and Fisheries; University of Tennessee; 274 Ellington Plant Sciences Building Knoxville TN 37996 USA
| | - Robert E. Kissell
- School of Forest Resources; Arkansas Forest Resources Center; University of Arkansas; Monticello AR 71656 USA
| | - Lisa I. Muller
- Department of Forestry; Wildlife and Fisheries; University of Tennessee; 274 Ellington Plant Sciences Building Knoxville TN 37996 USA
| | - Peyton S. Basinger
- Department of Forestry; Wildlife and Fisheries; University of Tennessee; 274 Ellington Plant Sciences Building Knoxville TN 37996 USA
| | - Matthew J. Goode
- Department of Forestry; Wildlife and Fisheries; University of Tennessee; 274 Ellington Plant Sciences Building Knoxville TN 37996 USA
| | - Frank T. Van Manen
- United States Geological Survey; Southern Appalachian Research Branch; University of Tennessee; 274 Ellington Plant Sciences Building Knoxville TN 37996 USA
| | - Wes Winton
- Tennessee Wildlife Resource Agency; Ellington Agricultural Center; P.O. Box 41489 Nashville TN 37204 USA
| | - Michael L. Kennedy
- Ecological Research Center; Department of Biological Sciences; The University of Memphis; 3774 Walker Avenue Memphis TN 38152 USA
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Benoist S, Garel M, Cugnasse JM, Blanchard P. Human disturbances, habitat characteristics and social environment generate sex-specific responses in vigilance of Mediterranean mouflon. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82960. [PMID: 24386131 PMCID: PMC3875426 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In prey species, vigilance is an important part of the decision making process related to predation risk effects. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms shaping vigilance behavior provides relevant insights on factors influencing individual fitness. We investigated the role of extrinsic and intrinsic factors on vigilance behavior in Mediterranean mouflon (Ovis gmelini musimon×Ovis sp.) in a study site spatially and temporally contrasted in human pressures. Both sexes were less vigilant in the wildlife reserve compared to surrounding unprotected areas, except for males during the hunting period. During this period, males tended to be less strictly restricted to the reserve than females what might lead to a pervasive effect of hunting within the protected area, resulting in an increase in male vigilance. It might also be a rutting effect that did not occur in unprotected areas because males vigilance was already maximal in response to human disturbances. In both sexes, yearlings were less vigilant than adults, probably because they traded off vigilance for learning and energy acquisition and/or because they relied on adult experience present in the group. Similarly, non-reproductive females benefited of the vigilance effort provided by reproductive females when belonging to the same group. However, in the absence of reproductive females, non-reproductive females were as vigilant as reproductive females. Increasing group size was only found to reduce vigilance in females (up to 17.5%), not in males. We also showed sex-specific responses to habitat characteristics. Females increased their vigilance when habitat visibility decreased (up to 13.8%) whereas males increased their vigilance when feeding on low quality sites, i.e., when concomitant increase in chewing time can be devoted to vigilance with limited costs. Our global approach was able to disentangle the sex-specific sources of variation in mouflon vigilance and stressed the importance of reserves in managing and conserving wild sheep populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Benoist
- Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Centre National d'Etudes et de Recherche Appliquée sur la Faune de Montagne, Gières, France
| | - Mathieu Garel
- Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Centre National d'Etudes et de Recherche Appliquée sur la Faune de Montagne, Gières, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Jean-Marc Cugnasse
- Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Direction des Etudes et de la Recherche, Toulouse, France
| | - Pierrick Blanchard
- Université de Toulouse, CNRS, ENFA; UMR 5174, Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, Toulouse, France
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Douhard M, Bonenfant C, Gaillard JM, Hamann JL, Garel M, Michallet J, Klein F. Roaring counts are not suitable for the monitoring of red deerCervus elaphuspopulation abundance. WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.2981/12-037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Storm DJ, Samuel MD, Van Deelen TR, Malcolm KD, Rolley RE, Frost NA, Bates DP, Richards BJ. Comparison of visual-based helicopter and fixed-wing forward-looking infrared surveys for counting white-tailed deerOdocoileus virginianus. WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.2981/10-062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Månsson J, Hauser CE, Andrén H, Possingham HP. Survey method choice for wildlife management: the case of moose Alces alces in Sweden. WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.2981/10-052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Cazau M, Garel M, Maillard D. Responses of heather moorland and Mediterranean mouflon foraging to prescribed-burning and cutting. J Wildl Manage 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Garel M, Bonenfant C, Hamann JL, Klein F, Gaillard JM. Are abundance indices derived from spotlight counts reliable to monitor red deer Cervus elaphus populations? WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2010. [DOI: 10.2981/09-022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Garel M, Cugnasse JM, Maillard D, Gaillard JM, Hewison AJM, Dubray D. Selective harvesting and habitat loss produce long-term life history changes in a mouflon population. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2007; 17:1607-18. [PMID: 17913127 DOI: 10.1890/06-0898.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We examined the long-term effects (28 years) of habitat loss and phenotype-based selective harvest on body mass, horn size, and horn shape of mouflon (Ovis gmelini musimon) in southern France. This population has experienced habitat deterioration (loss of 50.8% of open area) since its introduction in 1956 and unrestricted selective hunting of the largest horned males since 1973. Both processes are predicted to lead to a decrease in phenotype quality by decreasing habitat quality and by reducing the reproductive contribution of individuals carrying traits that are targeted by hunters. Body mass and body size of both sexes and horn measurements of males markedly decreased (by 3.4-38.3%) in all age classes from the 1970s. Lamb body mass varied in relation to the spatiotemporal variation of habitat closure within the hunting-free reserve, suggesting that habitat closure explains part of these changes. However, the fact that there was no significant spatial variation in body mass in the early part of the study, when a decline in phenotypic quality already had occurred, provided support for the influence of selective harvesting. We also found that the allometric relationship between horn breadth and horn length changed over the study period. For a given horn length, horn breadth was lower during the second part of the study. This result, as well as changes in horn curve diameter, supports the interpretation that selective harvesting of males based on their horn configuration had evolutionary consequences for horn shape, since this phenotypic trait is less likely to be affected by changes in habitat characteristics. Moreover, males required more time (approximately four years) to develop a desirable trophy, suggesting that trophy hunting favors the reproductive contribution of animals with slow-growing horns. Managers should exploit hunters' desire for trophy males to finance management strategies which ensure a balance between the population and its environment. However, for long-term sustainable exploitation, harvest strategy should also ensure that selectively targeted males are allowed to contribute genetically to the next generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Garel
- Laboratoire de Biomérie et Biologie Evolutive (UMR 5558), Universite Lyon 1, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre, 69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
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