1
|
Sazatornil V, Godbole M, Panchamia N, Awadhani GR, Awadhani N, López-Bao JV. Tolerance between wolves and golden jackals in India. Ecology 2024; 105:e4286. [PMID: 38533891 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Sazatornil
- Conservation Biology Group (GBiC), Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia (CTFC), Solsona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - José Vicente López-Bao
- Biodiversity Research Institute (CSIC, Oviedo University, Principality of Asturias), Oviedo University, Mieres, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rezaei S, Mohammadi A, Bencini R, Rooney T, Naderi M. Identifying connectivity for two sympatric carnivores in human-dominated landscapes in central Iran. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269179. [PMID: 35709185 PMCID: PMC9202930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Central Iran supports a diversity of carnivores, most of which are threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation. Carnivore conservation requires the identification and preservation of core habitats and ensuring connectivity between them. In the present study, we used species distribution modeling to predict habitat suitability and connectivity modeling to predict linkage (resistant kernel and factorial least-cost path analyses) for grey wolf and golden jackal in central Iran. For grey wolf, elevation, topographic ruggedness, and distance to Conservation Areas (CAs) were the strongest predictors; for golden jackal, distance to human settlements, dump sites and topographic ruggedness were the most influential variables in predicting the occurrence of this species. Our results also indicated a high potential for large parts of the landscape to support the occurrence of these two canid species. The largest and the most crucial core habitats and corridor paths for the conservation of both species are located in the southern part of the study landscape. We found a small overlap between golden jackal corridor paths and core habitats with CAs, which has important implications for conservation and future viability of the golden jackal populations. Some sections of core areas are bisected by roads, where most vehicle collisions with grey wolf and golden jackal occurred. To minimize mortality risk, we propose that successful conservation of both species will necessitate integrated landscape-level management, as well as conservation of core areas and corridors and development of mitigation strategies to reduce vehicle collisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Rezaei
- Faculty of Science Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Alireza Mohammadi
- Faculty of Natural Resources, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Roberta Bencini
- Department of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia UWA, Perth, Australia
| | - Thomas Rooney
- Department of Biological Science, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Morteza Naderi
- Department of Agriculture and Environment, University of Arak, Arak, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rykov AM, Kuznetsova AS, Tirronen KF. The first record of the golden jackal (Canis aureus Linnaeus, 1758) in the Russian Subarctic. Polar Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-022-03037-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
4
|
Mohammadi A, Alambeigi A, López‐Bao JV, Taghavi L, Kaboli M. Living with wolves: Lessons learned from Iran. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources University of Jiroft Jiroft Iran
| | - Amir Alambeigi
- Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, College of Agricultural Economics and Development University of Tehran Karaj Iran
| | | | - Lobat Taghavi
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Kaboli
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources University of Tehran Karaj Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vernes K, Rajaratnam R, Dorji S. Patterns of species co-occurrence in a diverse Eastern Himalayan montane carnivore community. MAMMAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-021-00605-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
6
|
Kamler JF, Minge C, Rostro-García S, Gharajehdaghipour T, Crouthers R, In V, Pay C, Pin C, Sovanna P, Macdonald DW. Home range, habitat selection, density, and diet of golden jackals in the Eastern Plains Landscape, Cambodia. J Mammal 2021; 102:636-650. [PMID: 34621142 PMCID: PMC8491366 DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyab014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We used radiocollars and GPS collars to determine the movements and habitat selection of golden jackals (Canis aureus) in a seasonally dry deciduous forest with no human settlements in eastern Cambodia. We also collected and analyzed 147 scats from jackals to determine their seasonal diet and prey selection. The mean (± SE) annual size of home-range ranges (47.1 ± 2.5 km2; n = 4), which were mutually exclusive between mated pairs, was considerably larger than that previously reported for this species, resulting in an extremely low density (0.01 jackal/km2). The unusually large home ranges and low density probably were due to the harsh dry season when most understory vegetation is burned and nearly all waterholes dry up, thereby causing a large seasonal decline in the availability of small vertebrate prey. Resident groups consisted of an alpha pair, but no betas, and were situated only in areas not occupied by leopards (Panthera pardus) and dholes (Cuon alpinus). Jackals avoided dense forests and streams, and had a strong selection for dirt roads, possibly to avoid larger predators. Overall the jackal diet was diverse, with at least 16 prey items identified, and there was no significant difference in diet composition between the cool-dry and hot-dry seasons. Scat analysis showed that the main food items consumed by jackals were processional termites (Hospitalitermes spp.; 26% biomass consumed), followed by wild pig (Sus scrofa; 20%), muntjac (Muntiacus vaginalis; 20%), and civets (17%). Compared to available biomass, jackals were not random in their consumption of ungulates because muntjac were selectively consumed over larger ungulate species. Dietary overlap with dholes and leopards was relatively low, and consumption patterns indicated jackals were preying on ungulates rather than scavenging from kills of larger carnivores. Our results showed that the jackal is an extremely adaptable and opportunistic species that exhibits unique behaviors to survive in an extreme environment near the edge of its distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan F Kamler
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, University of Oxford, Department of Zoology, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Tubney House, Abingdon Road, Tubney, Abingdon OX13 5QL, United Kingdom
| | - Christin Minge
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Friedrich-Schiller University of Jena, 07443 Jena, Germany
| | - Susana Rostro-García
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, University of Oxford, Department of Zoology, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Tubney House, Abingdon Road, Tubney, Abingdon OX13 5QL, United Kingdom
| | - Tazarve Gharajehdaghipour
- Department of Natural Resources Management, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Rachel Crouthers
- World Wild Fund for Nature Cambodia, Street 322, Phnom Penh 12302, Cambodia
| | - Visattha In
- Ministry of Environment, 48 Samdach Preah Sihanouk Blvd., Phnom Penh 12301, Cambodia
| | - Chen Pay
- World Wild Fund for Nature Cambodia, Street 322, Phnom Penh 12302, Cambodia
| | - Chanratana Pin
- Ministry of Environment, 48 Samdach Preah Sihanouk Blvd., Phnom Penh 12301, Cambodia
| | - Prum Sovanna
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, University of Oxford, Department of Zoology, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Tubney House, Abingdon Road, Tubney, Abingdon OX13 5QL, United Kingdom
| | - David W Macdonald
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, University of Oxford, Department of Zoology, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Tubney House, Abingdon Road, Tubney, Abingdon OX13 5QL, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yusefi GH, Godinho R, Khalatbari L, Broomand S, Fahimi H, Martínez‐Freiría F, Alvares F. Habitat use and population genetics of golden jackals in Iran: Insights from a generalist species in a highly heterogeneous landscape. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gholam Hosein Yusefi
- CIBIO/InBIO ‐ Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos University of PortoVairão Vairão Portugal
- Mohitban Society Tehran Iran
| | - Raquel Godinho
- CIBIO/InBIO ‐ Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos University of PortoVairão Vairão Portugal
- Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences University of Porto Porto Portugal
- Department of Zoology University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Leili Khalatbari
- CIBIO/InBIO ‐ Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos University of PortoVairão Vairão Portugal
- Mohitban Society Tehran Iran
- Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences University of Porto Porto Portugal
| | | | | | - Fernando Martínez‐Freiría
- CIBIO/InBIO ‐ Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos University of PortoVairão Vairão Portugal
| | - Francisco Alvares
- CIBIO/InBIO ‐ Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos University of PortoVairão Vairão Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Many large predators are also facultative scavengers that may compete with and depredate other species at carcasses. Yet, the ecological impacts of facultative scavenging by large predators, or their "scavenging effects," still receive relatively little attention in comparison to their predation effects. To address this knowledge gap, we comprehensively examine the roles played by, and impacts of, facultative scavengers, with a focus on large canids: the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus), dhole (Cuon alpinus), dingo (Canis dingo), Ethiopian wolf (Canis simensis), gray wolf (Canis lupus), maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), and red wolf (Canis rufus). Specifically, after defining facultative scavenging as use or usurpation of a carcass that a consumer has not killed, we (1) provide a conceptual overview of the community interactions around carcasses that can be initiated by facultative scavengers, (2) review the extent of scavenging by and the evidence for scavenging effects of large canids, (3) discuss external factors that may diminish or enhance the effects of large canids as scavengers, and (4) identify aspects of this phenomenon that require additional research attention as a guide for future work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Wirsing
- School of Environment and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Thomas M Newsome
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Methion S, Díaz López B. Spatial segregation and interspecific killing of common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) by bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). Acta Ethol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10211-021-00363-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
10
|
Lange PNAMJG, Lelieveld G, De Knegt HJ. Diet composition of the golden jackal
Canis aureus
in south‐east Europe – a review. Mamm Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/mam.12235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline N. A. M. J. G. Lange
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Subdivision Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Wageningen University and Research Postbus 47 Wageningen6700AAthe Netherlands
| | - Glenn Lelieveld
- Zoogdiervereniging Postbus 6531 Nijmegen GA6503the Netherlands
| | - Henjo J. De Knegt
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Subdivision Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Wageningen University and Research Postbus 47 Wageningen6700AAthe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mohammadi A, Kaboli M, Sazatornil V, López-Bao JV. Anthropogenic food resources sustain wolves in conflict scenarios of Western Iran. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218345. [PMID: 31206529 PMCID: PMC6576759 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The feeding ecology of gray wolves has been investigated extensively worldwide. Despite previous studies on food habits of wolves in Asia and Iran, none has focused on the diet of the species in a scenario of depleted of wild prey and with recent records of attacks on humans. Here, we combined telemetry methods and scat analysis to study the diet of wolves in areas of Hamadan province, Iran, where medium to large wild prey is almost absent. Between October 2015 and March 2017, we studied the feeding behavior (by identifying feeding sites through clusters of GPS locations) of three wolves fitted with GPS collars, belonging to different wolf packs. We also collected and analyzed 110 wolf scats during the same period within the same areas. Overall, we investigated 850 clusters of GPS locations in the field, and identified 312 feeding sites. Most feeding clusters were linked to dumpsites and poultry farms around villages. We found 142 and 170 events of predatory (kill sites) and scavenging behavior, respectively. Prey composition based on kill sites was comprised of 74.6% livestock, 19.7% lagomorphs, 3.5% dogs, 1.4% red fox, and 0.7% golden jackal. Similarly, prey composition based on scavenging clusters was comprised of 79.9% livestock, 10.6% red fox, and 9.4% golden jackal. Scat analysis, however, indicated that livestock (34.3%), garbage (23.7%), poultry (16.0%), and European hare (15.4%) were the most frequent food items. We discuss the role of anthropogenic food sources in a context where agonistic wolf-human encounters occur recurrently, and suggest management guidelines regarding illegal dumping of animal carcasses and garbage dumpsites, in order to minimize wolf-human negative interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
- Department of Environment Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kaboli
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
- * E-mail:
| | - Víctor Sazatornil
- Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia (CTFC), Solsona, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
A field and laboratory-based assessment of the distribution of large- and meso-carnivore species in the newly established Murree, Kotli Sattian, and Kahuta National Park, Pakistan. MAMMAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-019-00428-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|