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Hoshimoto S, Hoshi N, Ozawa I, Tomikawa M, Shirakawa H, Fujita T, Wakamatsu S, Hoshi S, Hirabayashi K, Hishinuma S, Ogata Y. Rapid progression of a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-producing liver tumor metastasized from esophagogastric junction cancer: A case report and literature review. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:6475-6480. [PMID: 29725401 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study presents the case of a 72-year-old woman with a rapidly enlarged liver metastasis from esophagogastric junction (EGJ) cancer, accompanied by progressive leukocytosis (47,680/µl) and elevated serum granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF; 779 pg/ml). The patient underwent right hemihepatectomy 26 months after a total gastrectomy. On the seventh post-operative day the patient's leukocyte count and serum G-CSF level decreased to 4,280/µl and ≤19.5 pg/ml, respectively. Histologically, the lesion was a well to moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma similar to the primary lesion. Therefore, this tumor was clinically diagnosed as a G-CSF-producing liver metastasis from EGJ cancer, although immunohistochemical staining for G-CSF was negative. A right pulmonary nodule detected simultaneously with the hepatic mass was resected four months following the hepatectomy and was diagnosed as a pulmonary metastasis. The patient's leukocyte count was normal at the time of her initial surgery for EGJ cancer, and her clinical course varied for different metastatic sites. The liver metastasis was accompanied by progressive leukocytosis and elevated serum G-CSF and demonstrated rapid tumor growth during a six-month period, whereas the non-G-CSF-producing pulmonary metastasis grew slowly during the same period. In addition 21 reported cases of G-CSF-producing upper gastrointestinal tract cancer were reviewed to elucidate the clinicopathological features of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sojun Hoshimoto
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0834, Japan
| | - Nobuo Hoshi
- Department of Pathology, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0834, Japan
| | - Iwao Ozawa
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0834, Japan
| | - Moriaki Tomikawa
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0834, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Shirakawa
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0834, Japan
| | - Takeshi Fujita
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0834, Japan
| | - Saho Wakamatsu
- Department of Pathology, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0834, Japan
| | - Sayuri Hoshi
- Department of Pathology, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0834, Japan
| | - Kaoru Hirabayashi
- Department of Pathology, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0834, Japan
| | - Shoichi Hishinuma
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0834, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Ogata
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0834, Japan
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Yamaguchi S, Kanetaka K, Kobayashi S, Nagata Y, Kinosita N, Fukuoka J, Murakami S, Fujita F, Takatsuki M, Eguchi S. Severe neutrophilic leukocytosis as a progression marker in granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-producing squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Clin Case Rep 2017; 5:688-693. [PMID: 28469877 PMCID: PMC5412806 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
There are very few reports of esophageal carcinoma producing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). G-CSF-producing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is an extremely aggressive carcinoma. Leukocyte counts, neutrophil counts, and serum C-reactive protein levels may be markers of its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Yamaguchi
- Department of Surgery Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan
| | - Kengo Kanetaka
- Department of Surgery Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan
| | - Shinichiro Kobayashi
- Department of Surgery Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nagata
- Center for Comprehensive Community Care Education Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan
| | - Naoe Kinosita
- Department of Pathology Nagasaki University Hospital Nagasaki Japan
| | - Junya Fukuoka
- Department of Pathology Nagasaki University Hospital Nagasaki Japan
| | - Shunsuke Murakami
- Department of Surgery Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan
| | - Fumihiko Fujita
- Department of Surgery Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan
| | - Mitsuhisa Takatsuki
- Department of Surgery Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan
| | - Susumu Eguchi
- Department of Surgery Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan
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3
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Fukuda S, Fujiwara Y, Mishima H, Wakasa T, Hanamoto H, Inoue K, Kitani K, Ishikawa H, Tsujie M, Yukawa M, Okajima K, Ohta Y, Inoue M. Choroidal metastasis from granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-producing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a case report. Clin Case Rep 2017; 5:419-424. [PMID: 28396760 PMCID: PMC5378863 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF)‐producing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is rare. Esophageal cancer is a highly aggressive disease and often spreads hematogenously; however, choroidal metastases are rarely seen. This report detailed an extremely rare case of G‐CSF‐producing ESCC with choroidal metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Kindai University Nara Hospital Nara Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Kindai University Nara Hospital Nara Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mishima
- Department of Ophthalmology Kindai University Nara Hospital Nara Japan
| | - Tomoko Wakasa
- Department of Pathology Kindai University Nara Hospital Nara Japan
| | - Hitoshi Hanamoto
- Department of Hematology Kindai University Nara Hospital Nara Japan
| | - Keisuke Inoue
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Kindai University Nara Hospital Nara Japan
| | - Kotaro Kitani
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Kindai University Nara Hospital Nara Japan
| | - Hajime Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Kindai University Nara Hospital Nara Japan
| | - Masanori Tsujie
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Kindai University Nara Hospital Nara Japan
| | - Masao Yukawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Kindai University Nara Hospital Nara Japan
| | - Kaoru Okajima
- Department of Radiology Kindai University Nara Hospital Nara Japan
| | - Yoshio Ohta
- Department of Pathology Kindai University Nara Hospital Nara Japan
| | - Masatoshi Inoue
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Kindai University Nara Hospital Nara Japan
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4
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Kitani M, Yamagata Y, Tanabe A, Yagi K, Aikou S, Kiyokawa T, Nishida M, Yamashita H, Mori K, Nomura S, Seto Y. Radical esophagectomy for a 92-year-old woman with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-producing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a case report. World J Surg Oncol 2016; 14:264. [PMID: 27737660 PMCID: PMC5064890 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-016-1023-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-producing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has been considered to have a poor prognosis. We successfully treated a case of G-CSF-producing ESCC in a 92-year-old woman. Case presentation A 92-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with the complaints of choking while swallowing and dysphagia. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed a type 2 esophageal cancer located 26–35 cm from the dental arch, with no distant metastasis. The patient was diagnosed with G-CSF-producing ESCC based on remarkable leukocytosis and high G-CSF levels. The patient underwent radical subtotal esophagectomy. Subsequently, the level of neutrophils (from 23,500/μL to 5000/μL) and the level of G-CSF (from 131 to <19.5 pg/mL) decreased significantly. Immunohistochemistry analysis of the resected tissue specimen showed positive staining for G-CSF in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells. Although the patient developed aspiration pneumonitis, after antibiotic treatment, she promptly recovered and was discharged. Conclusions Herein, we describe a case of successfully treated G-CSF-producing ESCC in a 92-year-old woman. Precise detection and safely performed immediate radical operation are considered essential to achieve a good clinical course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Kitani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukinori Yamagata
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, 2-1-50 Minami-Koshigaya, Koshigaya City, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Asami Tanabe
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouichi Yagi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susumu Aikou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kiyokawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Nishida
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroharu Yamashita
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Mori
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Nomura
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Seto
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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5
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Gastric metastasis from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma producing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: report of a case and literature review. Int Cancer Conf J 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13691-015-0207-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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6
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Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-producing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma following chemoradiotherapy and bone marrow transplantation for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Esophagus 2013; 10:258-263. [PMID: 24319403 PMCID: PMC3851702 DOI: 10.1007/s10388-013-0387-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A 30-year-old man, who had been treated with craniospinal irradiation, total-body irradiation, and bone marrow transplantation for acute lymphoblastic leukemia at 20 years of age, complained of dysphagia. The patient had spike fever with leukocytosis (19,020/μl). Serum granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) level was also increased (53.7 pg/ml). Immunohistochemistry revealed positive staining for anti-G-CSF antibody in carcinoma cells obtained by endoscopic biopsy. The patient was diagnosed with G-CSF-producing locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The clinical diagnosis was T4; tumor invaded aorta, with regional lymph node metastases (N1). The patient underwent transthoracic esophagectomy with three-field lymph node dissection and gastric tube reconstruction following a radiation dose of 41.4 Gy with 5-fluorouracil continuous infusion as neoadjuvant therapy. There were no viable cancer cells in the resected esophageal specimen and lymph nodes. The patient had no evidence for typical risk factors for developing esophageal cancer. After the operation, neutrophils and G-CSF decreased to normal levels. The patient had recurrence of regional and distant multiple lymph node metastases at 3 months after operation.
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