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Dash K, Panigrahi A, Swarupa SB, Pathak M, Jena PK. Smoking Prevalence, Attitude, and Cessation Training among Nursing Students in Bhubaneswar, India—A Cross-sectional Study. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1742447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction The smoking habit of health professionals including nursing students may prevent them from providing cessation advice and counseling to their patients as one cannot persuade others to quit if he/she is smoking himself/herself.
Objective The study aimed to assess the smoking prevalence, attitude, and tobacco cessation training among nursing students.
Materials and Methods During January to April 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional study among 432 third-year nursing students of eight graduate nursing colleges of Bhubaneswar using the Global Health Professional Student Survey (GHPSS) questionnaire.
Results Overall, 38 (8.8%) were current smokers. Majority of participants agreed that health professionals should receive specific training on smoking cessation techniques (91%), serve as role models for their patients and the public (94%), advise their patients to quit tobacco (96.1%). Current smokers were more likely to be males (adjusted OR [aOR]: 6.53, 95% confidence interval or CI: 2.61–16.36), those not supporting a smoking ban in discos/bars/pubs (aOR: 2.82, 95% CI: 1.13–7.05), those lacking knowledge about dangers of smoking (aOR: 2.48, 95% CI: 1.10–5.60), and those not discussing the reasons of smoking (aOR: 2.49, 95% CI: 1.05–5.93).
Conclusion Sincere efforts must be undertaken in the nursing colleges to design and implement strategies to discourage tobacco use among nursing students and adequately train them on tobacco cessation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulumina Dash
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | - S. Bhakti Swarupa
- Department of Child Health Nursing, Kalinga Institute of Nursing Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Mona Pathak
- Department of Research and Development, Kalinga Institute of Nursing Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Pratap Kumar Jena
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Sampogna G, Lovisi GM, Zinno F, Del Vecchio V, Luciano M, Gonçalves Loureiro Sol É, Unger RJG, Ventriglio A, Fiorillo A. Mental Health Disturbances and Related Problems in Italian University Medical Students from 2000 to 2020: An Integrative Review of Qualitative and Quantitative Studies. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2020; 57:medicina57010011. [PMID: 33374475 PMCID: PMC7823352 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: The presence of mental health problems in the population of medical students in Italy has been evaluated in several cross-sectional studies, which have used different methodologies and study designs. However, a global overview of the prevalence of mental health problems in Italian medical students is not available, although this would be essential for promoting preventive strategies and supportive treatments. Materials and Methods: An integrative review aiming to describe the prevalence of mental health problems in Italian medical students has been performed. Results: The most relevant findings are the high prevalence of substance use, in particular alcohol and nicotine, and of depressive and anxiety disorders in Italian medical students. In particular, substance use ranges from 13 to 86%, which is higher compared to Italian students coming from other faculties. Italian medical students show a high rate of smoking and of depressive symptoms of about 20%. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the need to develop appropriate supportive interventions for the medical student population, which are rarely provided and implemented among the routine activities of Italian medical universities. A relevant aspect to be considered is the stigma and anticipated discrimination attached to mental disorders, which reduce the help-seeking process in medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Sampogna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (V.D.V.); (M.L.); (A.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-566-6531
| | - Giovanni Marcos Lovisi
- Institute of Studies in Collective Health—Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil; (G.M.L.); (É.G.L.S.); (R.J.G.U.)
| | - Francesca Zinno
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (V.D.V.); (M.L.); (A.F.)
| | - Valeria Del Vecchio
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (V.D.V.); (M.L.); (A.F.)
| | - Mario Luciano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (V.D.V.); (M.L.); (A.F.)
| | - Érika Gonçalves Loureiro Sol
- Institute of Studies in Collective Health—Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil; (G.M.L.); (É.G.L.S.); (R.J.G.U.)
| | - Roberto José Gervásio Unger
- Institute of Studies in Collective Health—Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil; (G.M.L.); (É.G.L.S.); (R.J.G.U.)
| | - Antonio Ventriglio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Andrea Fiorillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (V.D.V.); (M.L.); (A.F.)
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Poreddi V, Gandhi S, Chandra R, Wilson A, Math SB. Smoking cessation support: Indian nursing students' practices, attitudes and perceived barriers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 24:1120, 1122, 1124 passim. [PMID: 26653512 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2015.24.22.1120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco use is a significant global health issue. Studies that examined nursing students' attitudes towards smoking cessation support were limited from India. AIM To assess undergraduate nursing students' practices, beliefs, attitudes and perceived barriers towards smoking cessation support. METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive design was adopted among undergraduate nursing students (n=178) using self-reported questionnaires. RESULTS Findings revealed that a majority (68.5%) of the students inquire about their clients' smoking habits and 78.1% of them advise patients who are smokers about the health effects of smoking. Although student nurses hold positive attitudes in the enthusiasm domain (28.8 ± 7.29), the majority of them lack self-efficacy towards smoking cessation support (14.2 ± 4.70). 'Patient's lack of motivation' (89.3%), 'lack of training/knowledge' (88.2%) and 'lack of communication skills' (77.5%) were the major barriers encountered by the participants during tobacco counselling. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that there is an urgent need to include a tobacco-control curriculum at undergraduate level to improve their competency in giving smoking cessation support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayalakshmi Poreddi
- Clinical instructor, College of Nursing, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Sailaxmi Gandhi
- Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, India
| | - Rama Chandra
- Additional Professor, Department of Nursing, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Andrew Wilson
- Head of Department and Professor of Primary Care Research, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, UK
| | - Suresh Bada Math
- Additional Professor, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
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Gualano MR, Passi S, Bert F, La Torre G, Scaioli G, Siliquini R. Electronic cigarettes: assessing the efficacy and the adverse effects through a systematic review of published studies. J Public Health (Oxf) 2014; 37:488-97. [PMID: 25108741 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdu055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the efficacy and the adverse effects (AEs) of the electronic cigarette, we performed a systematic review of published studies. METHODS We selected experimental and observational studies examining the efficacy (as reduction of desire to smoke and/or number of cigarettes smoked and/or quitting or as reduction of nicotine withdrawal symptoms) and the safety of EC (AEs self-reported or clinical/laboratory). The following search engines were used: PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge and Cochrane Controlled Trials Register. RESULTS Finally, six experimental studies and six cohort studies were included. In the prospective 12-month, randomized controlled trial, smoking reduction was documented in 22.3 and 10.3% at Weeks 12 and 52, respectively (P < 0.001 versus baseline). Moreover, two cohort studies reported a reduction in the number of cigarette/day (from 50 to 80%) after the introduction of the EC. 'Mouth and throat irritation', 'nausea', 'headache' and 'dry cough' were the most frequently AEs reported. CONCLUSIONS The use of the EC can reduce the number of cigarettes smoked and withdrawal symptoms, but the AEs reported are mainly related to a short period of use. Long-term studies are needed to evaluate the effects of the EC usage after a chronic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosaria Gualano
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Stefano Passi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bert
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Giuseppe La Torre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Giacomo Scaioli
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Roberta Siliquini
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, Turin 10126, Italy
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Knowledge, attitudes, and smoking behaviours among physicians specializing in public health: a multicentre study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:516734. [PMID: 24991556 PMCID: PMC4065712 DOI: 10.1155/2014/516734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background. Healthcare professionals have an important role to play both as advisers—influencing smoking cessation—and as role models. However, many of them continue to smoke. The aims of this study were to examine smoking prevalence, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours among four cohorts physicians specializing in public health, according to the Global Health Profession Students Survey (GHPSS) approach. Materials and Methods. A multicentre cross-sectional study was carried out in 24 Italian schools of public health. The survey was conducted between January and April 2012 and it was carried out a census of students in the selected schools for each years of course (from first to fourth year of attendance), therefore among four cohorts of physicians specializing in Public Health (for a total of n. 459 medical doctors). The GHPSS questionnaires were self-administered via a special website which is created ad hoc for the survey. Logistic regression model was used to identify possible associations with tobacco smoking status. Hosmer-Lemeshow test was performed. The level of significance was P ≤ 0.05. Results. A total of 388 answered the questionnaire on the website (85%), of which 81 (20.9%) declared to be smokers, 309 (79.6%) considered health professionals as behavioural models for patients, and 375 (96.6%) affirmed that health professionals have a role in giving advice or information about smoking cessation. Although 388 (89.7%) heard about smoking related issues during undergraduate courses, only 17% received specific smoking cessation training during specialization. Conclusions. The present study highlights the importance of focusing attention on smoking cessation training, given the high prevalence of smokers among physicians specializing in public health, their key role both as advisers and behavioural models, and the limited tobacco training offered in public health schools.
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Smoking ban policies in Italy and the potential impact of the so-called Sirchia Law: state of the art after eight years. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:293219. [PMID: 24955353 PMCID: PMC4052100 DOI: 10.1155/2014/293219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present work is to describe the state of the art of tobacco habits in Italy, eight years after the law was introduced. METHODS Time series analyses, based on estimates of smoking prevalence/consumption derived from the openly available data of national surveys performed during the 2001-2013 period, were performed. Data have been expressed in percentage of smokers and daily cigarettes consumption. Time changes are expressed as expected annual percentage change (EAPC). RESULTS Over time, the percentage of Italian smokers shows a constant and statistically significant decrease (from 28.9% in 2001 to 20.6% in 2013, EAPC = -2.6%, and P < 0.001). Regarding data stratified by gender, we found a stronger reduction among men (EAPC = -2.9%, P < 0.001) than in women (EAPC = -2.5%, P < 0.001). Similarly, the consumption of tobacco smoking, measured as the number of daily cigarettes smoked, registered a downward trend (P < 0.001). No join point (time point when a significant trend change is detected) resulted from the trend analysis. CONCLUSIONS Data show a constant decrease of tobacco consumption in Italy, with no join point related to the introduction of the banning law. These findings require to reflect on the priorities of the smoking banning policies that may be focused on other intervention activities such as to increase the price of cigarettes.
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