Amjad F, Khan H, Khan MI, Ayub S, Bhatti R, Pervaiz R, Malik K, Khan MA. An oral toxicity assessment of a mosquito larvicidal transgenic algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) using adult Zebrafish and its embryos.
PLoS One 2024;
19:e0303352. [PMID:
38870118 PMCID:
PMC11175461 DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0303352]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Mosquito-borne diseases pose a global health threat, with pathogens like Malaria, Dengue fever, and others transmitted by mosquitoes. Our study focuses on evaluating the toxicity of genetically engineered mosquito larvicidal algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) to non-target organisms, specifically Zebrafish. We conducted a 90-day experiment, feeding Zebrafish different combinations of larvicidal algae and commercial fish feed. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences in mortality, allergenicity, or moribundity among groups. Hematology, molecular analysis, and necropsy showed no physiological differences. Our findings indicate that the transgenic algae (TN72.cry11Ba) had no adverse effects on adult Zebrafish or their larvae. This study confirmed the safety of algae on non-target organisms, such as zebrafish.
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