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Wu J, Zhan T, Sun H, Wang F. The Application Value of SMI Technology and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in the Differential Diagnosis of Benign and Malignant Thyroid Nodules. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:6157026. [PMID: 36082066 PMCID: PMC9436616 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6157026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid disease has always been a common and frequent disease in clinical medicine, and its disease detection rate has been increasing year by year. Thyroid diseases are mainly divided into two categories: thyroid diseases treated by medical treatment and thyroid diseases treated by surgery. Thyroid cancer has also become one of the most common malignant secretory tumor diseases today. Ultrasound examination is a commonly used method for diagnosing thyroid diseases. During the diagnosis process, doctors need to observe the characteristics of ultrasound images and combine professional knowledge and clinical experience to give the patient's disease status. With the improvement of people's living standards and health awareness, thyroid disease has become an important issue that plagues the health of Chinese residents. Therefore, people and medical workers are paying more attention to thyroid disease. In recent years, various ultrasound technologies have been applied in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules and have played an important role in the diagnosis. This article aims to study the application value of SMI technology (ultra-microvascular imaging technology) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the differential diagnosis of thyroid benign and malignant nodules. It conducts diagnostic experiments and analysis on some cases of benign and malignant thyroid nodules through the use of SMI diagnostic methods and contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination methods. And the ROC curve was used to calculate the sensitivity of SMI technology and ultrasound for the identification and diagnosis of thyroid benign and malignant nodules, and the results were 0.83 and 0.81, respectively. It is concluded that SMI technology and contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination have good diagnostic efficiency and application value for the identification and diagnosis of thyroid benign and malignant nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuan Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tian Zhan
- Department of Neurology, 970 Hospital of Yantai Joint Logistics Support Force, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Honggang Sun
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fanbo Wang
- Physical Diagnosis Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, Heilongjiang, China
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Song D, Dong F, Zheng J, Luo H, Wei J. Application Value of Color Doppler Ultrasonography Combined with Thyroid Autoantibody Tests in Early Diagnosis of Thyroid Cancer. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5248230. [PMID: 35529260 PMCID: PMC9068283 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5248230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To explore the application value of color Doppler ultrasonography combined with thyroid autoantibody tests in the early diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Methods The medical data of 100 patients with thyroid nodules treated in our hospital from June 2019 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed; all patients received color Doppler ultrasonography and thyroid autoantibody tests before surgery and were divided into the benign lesion group (n = 45) and the malignant lesion group (n = 55) according to the postoperative pathological findings (the gold standard), so as to compare and analyze the application value of color Doppler ultrasonography, thyroid autoantibody tests, and their combination in the early diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Results Compared with the pathological findings, the accuracy rate, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the combined diagnosis were significantly higher than those in the single diagnosis of color Doppler ultrasonography, TgAb test, TPOAb test, and TRAb test (P < 0.05), and by plotting the ROC curves to analyze the effect of these modalities in diagnosing early thyroid diseases, the results showed that the areas under the curve from large to small were combined diagnosis, color Doppler ultrasonography, TgAb test, TPOAb test, and TRAb test. Conclusion Color Doppler ultrasonography has many advantages in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules, such as easy operation, painlessness, noninvasiveness, high efficiency, and repeatable detection, and the high-definition probe is able to show tiny lesions, echogenicity, blood flow signal, and other characteristics of foci. Combining color Doppler ultrasonography with testing thyroid autoantibodies such as TgAb, TPOAb, and TRAb can effectively improve the detection rate of early thyroid cancer, presenting significant reference value and meaning to clinical diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danlin Song
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020 Guangdong, China
| | - Fajin Dong
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020 Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020 Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020 Guangdong, China
| | - Jinxi Wei
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020 Guangdong, China
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Wu Z, Guo T, Li Q, Cheng L, Hu X, Xu A. Rare Metastasis of Gastric Cancer to the Thyroid Gland: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Front Surg 2021; 8:731673. [PMID: 34692762 PMCID: PMC8531091 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.731673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: It is common for patients with gastric cancer to develop distant metastases in the liver, lung, bone, and brain. Although the thyroid also has an abundant blood supply, gastric cancer metastasis to the thyroid is uncommon. Due to the rarity of such metastasis, its clinical features are not well understood. Here, we present the case of a patient with gastric cancer metastasis to the thyroid treated at our hospital. Case Summary: We report the case of a 63-year-old female with a mass in the anterior neck and mild hoarseness for 6 months. The patient underwent proximal subtotal gastrectomy for Siewert III oesophagogastric junction cancer 6 years ago. Subsequently, she received 8 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. Her condition was stable until mild hoarseness developed for no apparent reason 6 months prior to presenting at our clinic. Both ultrasonography and computed tomography confirmed a heterogeneous mass in the right lobe of the thyroid gland. Blood thyroid function tests and tumor marker expression levels were normal. Thyroid malignancy was suspected, and the patient underwent a right thyroidectomy. During the surgery, a tumor was found that had invaded the right recurrent laryngeal nerve and trachea. H&E staining and immunohistochemistry results suggested that the cancer cells originated from gastric cancer. The patient was diagnosed with thyroid metastasis of gastric cancer. She refused further treatment and died within 6 months. Conclusion: Metastasis of gastric cancer to the thyroid is rare and is associated with a poor prognosis. Immunohistochemical diagnosis is essential for a conclusive diagnosis. For patients with a history of malignant tumors, the possibility of metastatic thyroid nodules should be ruled out when diagnosing thyroid nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Medical Records, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Xiaosi Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Aman Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Wu Y, Huang K, Zheng X, Gao M, Liu H. Tumor Biology is King: Secondary Tumors of the Thyroid From 2 Medical Centers in China. Cancer Control 2021; 27:1073274820945984. [PMID: 32779493 PMCID: PMC7791472 DOI: 10.1177/1073274820945984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We studied the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of secondary tumors of the thyroid (STTs) and analyzed this rare phenomenon based on our clinical experience. METHODS We reviewed 16 000 malignant thyroid tumors diagnosed at 2 medical centers in China from 1978 to 2018, including 55 patients with STTs. RESULTS The most frequent primary tumor sites included lung (21.8%), gastrointestinal (18.2%), breast (14.5%), and kidney (12.7%). The median age at STT diagnosis was 56 years. The time from diagnosis of primary tumor to metastases to the thyroid ranged from 0 to 108 months, with the longest interval being for renal cell carcinoma (RCC; mean: 49 months). There were 22 cases of single metastatic foci and 33 cases of multiple metastatic foci. At the time of STT diagnosis, 42 patients had multiple organ metastases and 13 patients had only thyroid metastases. Thyroid function was examined in 50 patients, including 23 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Metastases were diagnosed histologically and confirmed by negative immunohistochemistry for thyroid markers. Twenty-one patients were treated with resection, including total thyroidectomy in 14 and unilateral lobectomy in 7. Thirty-four patients were treated without resection, but 2 were treated with tracheotomy. The median survival time of all patients with metastasis was 10 months (range: 1-96 months). Patients with primary RCC had the best prognosis (median survival time: 52 months), followed by patients with breast cancer (33 months). Patients who underwent thyroid surgery had a better prognosis than patients without thyroid surgery. Patients with single metastatic foci or single organ metastases had a better prognosis than patients with multiple metastatic foci or multiple organ metastases. CONCLUSIONS Metastasis to the thyroid is a rare clinical phenomenon, and sometimes a diagnosis of STT is difficult; so, we need to pay more attention to it. While prognosis appears to be related to surgery or some characteristics of metastatic spread, these data suggest it is more complex. Tumor biology is king; in fact, prognosis was mainly related to the biological behavior of the primary tumor. We cannot only opt for surgery; thus, case selection is important, and the treatment strategy for STT patients should be determined individually according to their specific biological behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangqian Zheng
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
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Lee DH, Yoon RG, An JK, Woo JJ. Ultrasonographic Features and the Diagnostic Role of Core Needle Biopsy at Metastatic Breast Cancer in the Thyroid gland: A Case Report. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF RADIOLOGY 2020; 81:719-725. [PMID: 36238615 PMCID: PMC9431922 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2020.81.3.719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Metastases to the thyroid gland have rarely been reported in clinical settings, and the thyroid gland is an uncommon site for breast carcinoma metastasis. We report a case of a 64-year-old breast cancer patient diagnosed with metastatic breast carcinoma in the thyroid gland after performing ultrasonography (US)-guided core needle biopsy (CNB) and subsequent total thyroidectomy. On US, the thyroid lesion appeared to be mildly enlarged with multiple internal hypoechoic lines and a few microcalcifications without mass formation. Under US-guidance, CNB was performed by targeting the area with microcalcifications and subsequently diagnosed as metastatic breast carcinoma. Total thyroidectomy revealed that the patient had metastatic invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast with lymphatic spread involving both lobes and the isthmus of the thyroid gland. Although the thyroid gland is an uncommon metastatic site, the unusual features of thyroid metastasis can be observed on US; thus, US-guided CNB effectively aids the diagnosis of thyroid metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Eulji Medical Center, University of Eulji College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ra Gyoung Yoon
- Department of Radiology, Eulji Medical Center, University of Eulji College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kyung An
- Department of Radiology, Eulji Medical Center, University of Eulji College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Joo Woo
- Department of Radiology, Eulji Medical Center, University of Eulji College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Diffuse Thyroid Metastasis From Lung Cancer Mimicking Thyroiditis on 99mTc-Pertechnetate Scintigraphy. Clin Nucl Med 2017; 42:690-691. [PMID: 28682843 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000001755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Possible thyroiditis was suspected in a 56-year-old man who initially presented sore throat because laboratory examinations revealed decreased serum thyroid hormone and the Tc-pertechnetate scintigraphy showed no tracer uptake by the thyroid gland. However, subsequent examination demonstrated that the absence of pertechnetate activity in the thyroid was due to complete replacement of thyroid gland by the metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma, which was unknown at the initial presentation.
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