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Hu B, Leow WR, Amini S, Nai B, Zhang X, Liu Z, Cai P, Li Z, Wu YL, Miserez A, Lim CT, Chen X. Orientational Coupling Locally Orchestrates a Cell Migration Pattern for Re-Epithelialization. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1700145. [PMID: 28585393 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201700145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Re-epithelialization by collective migration of epithelial cells over a heterogeneous environment to restore tissue integrity and functions is critical for development and regeneration. Here, it is reported that the spatial organization of adjacent adherent paths within sparsely distributed extracellular matrix (ECM) has a significant impact on the orientational coupling between cell polarization and collective cell migration. This coupling effect determines the migration pattern for human keratinocytes to regain their cohesion, which impacts the occupancy of epithelial bridge and the migration velocity in wound repair. Statistical studies suggest the converging organization of ECM, in which adjacent paths become closer to each other and finally converge to a junctional point, facilitating collective cell migration mostly within variable ECM organization, as the polarization of the advancing cell sheet is remodeled to align along the direction of cell migration. The findings may help to design implantable ECM to optimize efficient skin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benhui Hu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shahrouz Amini
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Brenda Nai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mechanobiology Institute (MBI), National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Pingqiang Cai
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhuyun Li
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yun-Long Wu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ali Miserez
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mechanobiology Institute (MBI), National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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The Poitiers School of Mathematical and Theoretical Biology: Besson-Gavaudan-Schützenberger's Conjectures on Genetic Code and RNA Structures. Acta Biotheor 2016; 64:403-426. [PMID: 27592342 DOI: 10.1007/s10441-016-9287-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The French school of theoretical biology has been mainly initiated in Poitiers during the sixties by scientists like J. Besson, G. Bouligand, P. Gavaudan, M. P. Schützenberger and R. Thom, launching many new research domains on the fractal dimension, the combinatorial properties of the genetic code and related amino-acids as well as on the genetic regulation of the biological processes. Presently, the biological science knows that RNA molecules are often involved in the regulation of complex genetic networks as effectors, e.g., activators (small RNAs as transcription factors), inhibitors (micro-RNAs) or hybrids (circular RNAs). Examples of such networks will be given showing that (1) there exist RNA "relics" that have played an important role during evolution and have survived in many genomes, whose probability distribution of their sub-sequences is quantified by the Shannon entropy, and (2) the robustness of the dynamics of the networks they regulate can be characterized by the Kolmogorov-Sinaï dynamic entropy and attractor entropy.
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Ravasio A, Cheddadi I, Chen T, Pereira T, Ong HT, Bertocchi C, Brugues A, Jacinto A, Kabla AJ, Toyama Y, Trepat X, Gov N, Neves de Almeida L, Ladoux B. Gap geometry dictates epithelial closure efficiency. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7683. [PMID: 26158873 PMCID: PMC4510701 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Closure of wounds and gaps in tissues is fundamental for the correct development and physiology of multicellular organisms and, when misregulated, may lead to inflammation and tumorigenesis. To re-establish tissue integrity, epithelial cells exhibit coordinated motion into the void by active crawling on the substrate and by constricting a supracellular actomyosin cable. Coexistence of these two mechanisms strongly depends on the environment. However, the nature of their coupling remains elusive because of the complexity of the overall process. Here we demonstrate that epithelial gap geometry in both in vitro and in vivo regulates these collective mechanisms. In addition, the mechanical coupling between actomyosin cable contraction and cell crawling acts as a large-scale regulator to control the dynamics of gap closure. Finally, our computational modelling clarifies the respective roles of the two mechanisms during this process, providing a robust and universal mechanism to explain how epithelial tissues restore their integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ravasio
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Ibrahim Cheddadi
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, CNRS UMR 7598, Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - Tianchi Chen
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Telmo Pereira
- CEDOC - Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, Rua Camara Pestana, 6, Lisbon, 1150-082 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hui Ting Ong
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Cristina Bertocchi
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Agusti Brugues
- ICREA at Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia and Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Jacinto
- CEDOC - Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, Rua Camara Pestana, 6, Lisbon, 1150-082 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alexandre J Kabla
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
| | - Yusuke Toyama
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.,Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Xavier Trepat
- ICREA at Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia and Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nir Gov
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Luís Neves de Almeida
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, CNRS UMR 7598, Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions, F-75252 Paris, France.,INRIA-Paris-Rocquencourt, MAMBA Team, 78153 Le Chesnay, Domaine de Voluceau BP105, France
| | - Benoit Ladoux
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore.,Institut Jacques Monod (IJM), CNRS UMR 7592 and Université Paris Diderot, 75013 Paris, France
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