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Najafi S, Hashemi-Gorji F, Roudgari H, Goudarzi M, Jafarzadegan AM, Sheykhbahaei N. Genetic change investigation in DOCK1 gene in an Iranian family with sign and symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD). Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:432. [PMID: 39020145 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05819-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) is a complex condition with pain and dysfunction in the temporomandibular joint and related muscles. Scientific evidence indicates both genetic and environmental factors play a crucial role in TMD. In this study, we aimed to discover the genetic changes in individuals from 4 generations of an Iranian family with signs and symptoms of TMD and malocclusion Class III. MATERIALS AND METHODS Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) was performed in 4 patients (IV-8, IV-9, V-4, and V-6) with TMD according to (DC/TMD), along with skeletal Class III malocclusion. Then, PCR sequencing was performed on 23 family members to confirm the WES. RESULTS In the present study, WES results analysis detected 6 heterozygous non-synonymous Single Nucleotide Variants (SNVs) in 5 genes, including CRLF3, DNAH17, DOCK1, SEPT9, and VWDE. A heterozygous variant, c.2012T > A (p.F671Y), in Exon 20 of the DOCK1 (NM_001290223.2) gene was identified. Then, this variant was investigated in 19 other members of the same family. PCR-Sequencing results showed that 7/19 had heterozygous TA genotype, all of whom were accompanied by malocclusion and TMD symptoms and 12/19 individuals had homozygous TT genotype, 9 of whom had no temporomandibular joint problems or malocclusion. The remaining 3 showed mild TMD clinical symptoms. The 5 other non-synonymous SNVs of CRLF3, DNAH17, SEPT9, and VWDE were not considered plausible candidates for TMD. CONCLUSIONS The present study identified a heterozygous nonsynonymous c.2012T > A (p.F671Y) variant of the DOCK1 gene is significantly associated with skeletal class III malocclusion, TMD, and its severity in affected individuals in the Iranian pedigree. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The role of genetic factors in the development of TMD has been described. The present study identified a nonsynonymous variant of the DOCK1 gene as a candidate for TMD and skeletal class III malocclusion in affected individuals in the Iranian pedigree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamsoulmolouk Najafi
- Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- Oral & Maxillofacial Medicine Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- Oral and maxillofacial pain fellowship, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Hashemi-Gorji
- Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Roudgari
- Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Goudarzi
- Oral & Maxillofacial Medicine Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Mohammad Jafarzadegan
- Oral & Maxillofacial Medicine Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Sheykhbahaei
- Oral & Maxillofacial Medicine Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Hu G, Chen J, Chen M, Yang K, Wang Y, Ma Z, Bao H, Ding X. Silencing DOCK2 Attenuates Cardiac Fibrosis Following Myocardial Infarction in Mice Via Targeting PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β-Catenin Pathways. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s12265-024-10533-7. [PMID: 38990461 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-024-10533-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis following myocardial infarction (MI) seriously affects the prognosis and survival rate of patients. This study aimed to determine the effect and regulation mechanism of the dedicator of cytokinesis 2 (DOCK2) during this process. Experiments were carried out in mice in vivo, and in Ang II treated cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) in vitro. DOCK2 was increased in mouse myocardial tissues after MI and Ang II-treated CFs. In MI mice, DOCK2 silencing improved cardiac function, and ameliorated cardiac fibrosis. DOCK2 knockdown suppressed the activation of CFs and decreased the expression of α-SMA, collagen I, and collagen III. Suppression of DOCK2 mitigated Ang II induced migration of CFs. DOCK2 inhibition reduced the activity of the PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, while this change could be reversed by the pathway activators, SC79 and SKL2001. In summary, DOCK2 suppression improves cardiac dysfunction and attenuates cardiac fibrosis after MI via attenuating PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β-catenin pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangquan Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Medical Technology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Medical Technology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Department of Neurology, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Ziyang Ma
- Department of Medical Technology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Huangxin Bao
- Department of Medical Technology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China.
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Bai G, Yang J, Liao W, Zhou X, He Y, Li N, Zhang L, Wang Y, Dong X, Zhang H, Pan J, Lai L, Yuan X, Wang X. MiR-106a targets ATG7 to inhibit autophagy and angiogenesis after myocardial infarction. Animal Model Exp Med 2024. [PMID: 38807299 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) is an acute condition in which the heart muscle dies due to the lack of blood supply. Previous research has suggested that autophagy and angiogenesis play vital roles in the prevention of heart failure after MI, and miR-106a is considered to be an important regulatory factor in MI. But the specific mechanism remains unknown. In this study, using cultured venous endothelial cells and a rat model of MI, we aimed to identify the potential target genes of miR-106a and discover the mechanisms of inhibiting autophagy and angiogenesis. METHODS We first explored the biological functions of miR-106a on autophagy and angiogenesis on endothelial cells. Then we identified ATG7, which was the downstream target gene of miR-106a. The expression of miR-106a and ATG7 was investigated in the rat model of MI. RESULTS We found that miR-106a inhibits the proliferation, cell cycle, autophagy and angiogenesis, but promoted the apoptosis of vein endothelial cells. Moreover, ATG7 was identified as the target of miR-106a, and ATG7 rescued the inhibition of autophagy and angiogenesis by miR-106a. The expression of miR-106a in the rat model of MI was decreased but the expression of ATG7 was increased in the infarction areas. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that miR-106a may inhibit autophagy and angiogenesis by targeting ATG7. This mechanism may be a potential therapeutic treatment for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Huidong County Animal Quarantine and Inspection Institute, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinghao Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weili Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingting He
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nian Li
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liuhong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoli Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Clinical Medicine Research Institution, Haikou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinchun Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangxue Lai
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaolong Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xilong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
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Xie S, Jin Y, Wang J, Li J, Peng M, Zhu X. DOCK1 regulates the malignant biological behavior of endometrial cancer through c-Raf/ERK pathway. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:296. [PMID: 38438882 PMCID: PMC10913561 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12030-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of DOCK1 gene on the biological behavior of endometrial carcinoma cells and its related pathway has not been reported. METHODS The immunohistochemical method and western blot were utilized to analyze DOCK1 protein expression in endometrial tissues and cells, respectively. CCK-8, BrdU, transwell and flow cytometry were performed to analyze the effect of DOCK1 expression changes on the viability, proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis of endometrial cancer cells, respectively. The effects of DOCK1 gene on Bcl-2, MMP9, Ezrin, E-cadherin and c-RAF/ERK1/2 signaling pathway were evaluated by western blot. The xenograft models were constructed to analyze the effect of DOCK1 in vivo. RESULTS DOCK1 expression was increased in endometrial cancer tissues and cells compared with those in normal adjacent tissues and cells. DOCK1 knockout could inhibit the malignant biological behavior of endometrial cancer cells, while DOCK1 overexpression played the opposite effect. The expression of E-cadherin was upregulated and those of MMP9, Ezrin, Bcl-2, p-c-RAF (S338) and p-ERK1/2 (T202/Y204) were downregulated after DOCK1 knockout, while DOCK1 overexpression played the opposite effect. Additionally, Raf inhibitor LY3009120 reversed the function of DOCK1 on malignant biological behavior. In vivo experiment results showed that the growth and weight of transplanted tumors in nude mice were inhibited after DOCK1 knockout. The changes of E-cadherin, MMP9, Ezrin and Bcl-2 expressions in the transplanted tumors were consistent with those in vitro. CONCLUSION DOCK1 could enhance the malignant biological behavior of endometrial cancer cells, which might be through c-RAF/ERK1/2 signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangdan Xie
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanshan Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiakun Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Women and Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 317599, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingwei Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Women and Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 317599, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengjia Peng
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Women and Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 317599, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China.
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5
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Vandersteen AM, Weerakkody RA, Parry DA, Kanonidou C, Toddie-Moore DJ, Vandrovcova J, Darlay R, Santoyo-Lopez J, Meynert A, Kazkaz H, Grahame R, Cummings C, Bartlett M, Ghali N, Brady AF, Pope FM, van Dijk FS, Cordell HJ, Aitman TJ. Genetic complexity of diagnostically unresolved Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. J Med Genet 2024; 61:232-238. [PMID: 37813462 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2023-109329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) are heritable disorders of connective tissue (HDCT), reclassified in the 2017 nosology into 13 subtypes. The genetic basis for hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hEDS) remains unknown. METHODS Whole exome sequencing (WES) was undertaken on 174 EDS patients recruited from a national diagnostic service for complex EDS and a specialist clinic for hEDS. Patients had already undergone expert phenotyping, laboratory investigation and gene sequencing, but were without a genetic diagnosis. Filtered WES data were reviewed for genes underlying Mendelian disorders and loci reported in EDS linkage, transcriptome and genome-wide association studies (GWAS). A genetic burden analysis (Minor Allele Frequency (MAF) <0.05) incorporating 248 Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) controls sequenced as part of the UK10K study was undertaken using TASER methodology. RESULTS Heterozygous pathogenic (P) or likely pathogenic (LP) variants were identified in known EDS and Loeys-Dietz (LDS) genes. Multiple variants of uncertain significance where segregation and functional analysis may enable reclassification were found in genes associated with EDS, LDS, heritable thoracic aortic disease (HTAD), Mendelian disorders with EDS symptomatology and syndromes with EDS-like features. Genetic burden analysis revealed a number of novel loci, although none reached the threshold for genome-wide significance. Variants with biological plausibility were found in genes and pathways not currently associated with EDS or HTAD. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate the clinical utility of large panel-based sequencing and WES for patients with complex EDS in distinguishing rare EDS subtypes, LDS and related syndromes. Although many of the P and LP variants reported in this cohort would be identified with current panel testing, they were not at the time of this study, highlighting the use of extended panels and WES as a clinical tool for complex EDS. Our results are consistent with the complex genetic architecture of EDS and suggest a number of novel hEDS and HTAD candidate genes and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony M Vandersteen
- Maritime Medical Genetics Service, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ruwan A Weerakkody
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - David A Parry
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Christina Kanonidou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Daniel J Toddie-Moore
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jana Vandrovcova
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Street Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Darlay
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Alison Meynert
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Hanadi Kazkaz
- Department of Rheumatology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Rodney Grahame
- Department of Rheumatology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Carole Cummings
- Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome National Diagnostic Service, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, UK
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction Section of Genetics and Genomics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marion Bartlett
- Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome National Diagnostic Service, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, UK
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction Section of Genetics and Genomics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Neeti Ghali
- Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome National Diagnostic Service, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, UK
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction Section of Genetics and Genomics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Angela F Brady
- Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome National Diagnostic Service, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, UK
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction Section of Genetics and Genomics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - F Michael Pope
- Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome National Diagnostic Service, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, UK
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction Section of Genetics and Genomics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Fleur S van Dijk
- Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome National Diagnostic Service, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, UK
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction Section of Genetics and Genomics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Heather J Cordell
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Timothy J Aitman
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Scisciola L, Chianese U, Caponigro V, Basilicata MG, Salviati E, Altucci L, Campiglia P, Paolisso G, Barbieri M, Benedetti R, Sommella E. Multi-omics analysis reveals attenuation of cellular stress by empagliflozin in high glucose-treated human cardiomyocytes. J Transl Med 2023; 21:662. [PMID: 37742032 PMCID: PMC10518098 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04537-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors constitute the gold standard treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Among them, empagliflozin (EMPA) has shown beneficial effects against heart failure. Because cardiovascular diseases (mainly diabetic cardiomyopathy) are the leading cause of death in diabetic patients, the use of EMPA could be, simultaneously, cardioprotective and antidiabetic, reducing the risk of death from cardiovascular causes and decreasing the risk of hospitalization for heart failure in T2DM patients. Interestingly, recent studies have shown that EMPA has positive benefits for people with and without diabetes. This finding broadens the scope of EMPA function beyond glucose regulation alone to include a more intricate metabolic process that is, in part, still unknown. Similarly, this significantly increases the number of people with heart diseases who may be eligible for EMPA treatment. METHODS This study aimed to clarify the metabolic effect of EMPA on the human myocardial cell model by using orthogonal metabolomics, lipidomics, and proteomics approaches. The untargeted and multivariate analysis mimicked the fasting blood sugar level of T2DM patients (hyperglycemia: HG) and in the average blood sugar range (normal glucose: NG), with and without the addition of EMPA. RESULTS Results highlighted that EMPA was able to modulate and partially restore the levels of multiple metabolites associated with cellular stress, which were dysregulated in the HG conditions, such as nicotinamide mononucleotide, glucose-6-phosphate, lactic acid, FA 22:6 as well as nucleotide sugars and purine/pyrimidines. Additionally, EMPA regulated the levels of several lipid sub-classes, in particular dihydroceramide and triacylglycerols, which tend to accumulate in HG conditions resulting in lipotoxicity. Finally, EMPA counteracted the dysregulation of endoplasmic reticulum-derived proteins involved in cellular stress management. CONCLUSIONS These results could suggest an effect of EMPA on different metabolic routes, tending to rescue cardiomyocyte metabolic status towards a healthy phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Scisciola
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Ugo Chianese
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Vicky Caponigro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | | | | | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Biogem, Molecular Biology and Genetics Research Institute, Ariano Irpino, Italy
- IEOS CNR, Naples, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria "Luigi Vanvitelli", Medical Epigenetics Program, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- UniCamillus, International Medical University, Rome, Italy
| | - Michelangela Barbieri
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| | - Rosaria Benedetti
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria "Luigi Vanvitelli", Medical Epigenetics Program, Naples, Italy
| | - Eduardo Sommella
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy
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Pan Y, Lin T, Shao L, Zhang Y, Han Q, Sheng L, Guo R, Sun T, Zhang Y. Lignin/Puerarin Nanoparticle-Incorporated Hydrogel Improves Angiogenesis through Puerarin-Induced Autophagy Activation. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:5095-5117. [PMID: 37705868 PMCID: PMC10496927 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s412835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Puerarin is the main isoflavone extracted from Radix Puerariae lobata (Willd.) and exerts a strong protective effect on endothelial cells. This isoflavone also exerts proven angiogenic effects; however, the potential underlying mechanism has not been fully explored. Here in this work, we aimed to determine the proangiogenesis effect of a puerarin-attached lignin nanoparticle-incorporated hydrogel and explore the underlying mechanism. Materials and Methods Puerarin-attached lignin nanoparticles were fabricated and mixed with the GelMA hydrogel. After the hydrogel was characterized, the angiogenic effect was evaluated in a mouse hind-limb ischemia model. To further explore the mechanism of angiogenesis, human endothelial cell line EA.hy926 was exposure to different concentrations of puerarin. Wound healing assays and tube formation assays were used to investigate the effects of puerarin on cell migration and angiogenesis. qPCR and Western blotting were performed to determine the changes in the levels of angiogenesis indicators, autophagy indicators and PPARβ/δ. 3-MA was used to assess the role of autophagy in the puerarin-mediated angiogenesis effect in vivo and in vitro. Results The hydrogel significantly improved blood flow restoration in mice with hind-limb ischemia. This effect was mainly due to puerarin-mediated increases in the angiogenic capacity of endothelial cells and the promotion of autophagy activation. A potential underlying mechanism might be that puerarin-mediated activation of autophagy could induce an increase in PPARβ/δ expression. Conclusion The puerarin-attached lignin nanoparticle-incorporated hydrogel effectively alleviated blood perfusion in mice with hind-limb ischemia. Puerarin has a prominent proangiogenic effect. The potential mechanisms might be that puerarin-mediated autophagy activation and increase in PPARβ/δ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjing Pan
- Foshan Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianci Lin
- Foshan Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiao Han
- Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liyuan Sheng
- Shenzhen Institute, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518057, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Sun
- Foshan Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
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8
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Ru Q, Wang Y, Zhou E, Chen L, Wu Y. The potential therapeutic roles of Rho GTPases in substance dependence. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1125277. [PMID: 37063367 PMCID: PMC10097952 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1125277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rho GTPases family are considered to be molecular switches that regulate various cellular processes, including cytoskeleton remodeling, cell polarity, synaptic development and maintenance. Accumulating evidence shows that Rho GTPases are involved in neuronal development and brain diseases, including substance dependence. However, the functions of Rho GTPases in substance dependence are divergent and cerebral nuclei-dependent. Thereby, comprehensive integration of their roles and correlated mechanisms are urgently needed. In this review, the molecular functions and regulatory mechanisms of Rho GTPases and their regulators such as GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) in substance dependence have been reviewed, and this is of great significance for understanding their spatiotemporal roles in addictions induced by different addictive substances and in different stages of substance dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lin Chen
- *Correspondence: Lin Chen, ; Yuxiang Wu,
| | - Yuxiang Wu
- *Correspondence: Lin Chen, ; Yuxiang Wu,
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9
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Direct targeting of DOCK4 by miRNA-181d in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-mediated neuronal injury. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:34. [PMID: 36882763 PMCID: PMC9990210 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01794-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The miRNA-181 (miR-181) family regulates neuronal persistence during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CI/RI). Since the effect of miR-181d on CI/RI has never been studied, the current work sought to determine the involvement of miR-181d in neuronal apoptosis after brain I/R injury. To replicate in vivo and in vitro CI/RI, a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model in rats and an oxygen-glucose deficiency/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model in neuro 2A cells were developed. In both in vivo and in vitro stroke models, the expression of miR-181d was considerably higher. miR-181d suppression reduced apoptosis and oxidative stress in OGD/R-treated neuroblastoma cells, but miR-181d overexpression increased both. Furthermore, it was observed that miR-181d has a direct target in dedicator of cytokinesis 4 (DOCK4). The overexpression of DOCK4 partially overcame cell apoptosis and oxidative stress induced by miR-181d upregulation and OGD/R injury. Furthermore, the DOCK4 rs2074130 mutation was related to lower DOCK4 levels in ischemic stroke (IS) peripheral blood and higher susceptibility to IS. These findings suggest that downregulating miR-181d protects neurons from ischemic damage by targeting DOCK4, implying that the miR-181d/DOCK4 axis might be a novel therapeutic target for IS.
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10
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Li S, Zhao Z, Li Q, Li J, Pang Y. Lamprey Wound Healing and Regenerative Effects: The Collaborative Efforts of Diverse Drivers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043213. [PMID: 36834626 PMCID: PMC9965152 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin is a natural barrier between the body and the external environment, and this important multifunctional organ plays roles in body temperature regulation, sensory stimulation, mucus secretion, metabolite excretion and immune defense. Lampreys, as ancient vertebrates, rarely experience infection of damaged skin during farming and efficiently promote skin wound healing. However, the mechanism underlying these wound healing and regenerative effects is unclear. Our histology and transcriptomics results demonstrate that lampreys regenerate a nearly complete skin structure in damaged epidermis, including the secretory glands, and will almost not be infected, even if experiencing full-thickness damage. In addition, ATGL, DGL and MGL participate in the lipolysis process to provide space for infiltrating cells. A large number of red blood cells migrate to the site of injury and exert proinflammatory effects, upregulating the expression of proinflammatory factors such as IL-8 and IL-17. Based on a lamprey skin damage healing model, adipocytes and red blood cells in the subcutaneous fat layer can promote wound healing, which provides a new approach for the study of skin healing mechanisms. Transcriptome data reveal that mechanical signal transduction pathways are mainly regulated by focal adhesion kinase and that the actin cytoskeleton plays an important role in the healing of lamprey skin injuries. We identified RAC1 as a key regulatory gene that is necessary and partially sufficient for wound regeneration. Insights into the mechanisms of lamprey skin injury and healing will provide a theoretical basis for overcoming the challenges associated with chronic healing and scar healing in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shushen Li
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Qingwei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (Y.P.)
| | - Yue Pang
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (Y.P.)
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11
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Samani A, English KG, Lopez MA, Birch CL, Brown DM, Kaur G, Worthey EA, Alexander MS. DOCKopathies: A systematic review of the clinical pathologies associated with human DOCK pathogenic variants. Hum Mutat 2022; 43:1149-1161. [PMID: 35544951 PMCID: PMC9357139 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The Dedicator of Cytokinesis (DOCK) family (DOCK1-11) of genes are essential mediators of cellular migration, growth, and fusion in a variety of cell types and tissues. Recent advances in whole-genome sequencing of patients with undiagnosed genetic disorders have identified several rare pathogenic variants in DOCK genes. We conducted a systematic review and performed a patient database and literature search of reported DOCK pathogenic variants that have been identified in association with clinical pathologies such as global developmental delay, immune cell dysfunction, muscle hypotonia, and muscle ataxia among other categories. We then categorized these pathogenic DOCK variants and their associated clinical phenotypes under several unique categories: developmental, cardiovascular, metabolic, cognitive, or neuromuscular. Our systematic review of DOCK variants aims to identify and analyze potential DOCK-regulated networks associated with neuromuscular diseases and other disease pathologies, which may identify novel therapeutic strategies and targets. This systematic analysis and categorization of human-associated pathologies with DOCK pathogenic variants is the first report to the best of our knowledge for a unique class in this understudied gene family that has important implications in furthering personalized genomic medicine, clinical diagnoses, and improve targeted therapeutic outcomes across many clinical pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne Samani
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and Children’s of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Katherine G. English
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and Children’s of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Michael A. Lopez
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and Children’s of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Camille L. Birch
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and Children’s of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294
- Center for Computational Genomics and Data Science at Children’s of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Donna M. Brown
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and Children’s of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294
- Center for Computational Genomics and Data Science at Children’s of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and Children’s of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294
- Center for Computational Genomics and Data Science at Children’s of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Elizabeth A. Worthey
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and Children’s of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294
- Center for Computational Genomics and Data Science at Children’s of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Matthew S. Alexander
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and Children’s of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294
- UAB Center for Exercise Medicine at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294
- Department of Genetics at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
- UAB Civitan International Research Center (CIRC), at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233
- UAB Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics (CNET), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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12
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Dock10 Regulates Cardiac Function under Neurohormonal Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179616. [PMID: 36077014 PMCID: PMC9455810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dedicator of cytokinesis 10 (Dock10) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42 and Rac1 that regulates the JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) and p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling cascades. In this study, we characterized the roles of Dock10 in the myocardium. In vitro: we ablated Dock10 in neonatal mouse floxed Dock10 cardiomyocytes (NMCMs) and cardiofibroblasts (NMCFs) by transduction with an adenovirus expressing Cre-recombinase. In vivo, we studied mice in which the Dock10 gene was constitutively and globally deleted (Dock10 KO) and mice with cardiac myocyte-specific Dock10 KO (Dock10 CKO) at baseline and in response to two weeks of Angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion. In vitro, Dock10 ablation differentially inhibited the α-adrenergic stimulation of p38 and JNK in NMCM and NMCF, respectively. In vivo, the stimulation of both signaling pathways was markedly attenuated in the heart. The Dock10 KO mice had normal body weight and cardiac size. However, echocardiography revealed mildly reduced systolic function, and IonOptix recordings demonstrated reduced contractility and elevated diastolic calcium levels in isolated cardiomyocytes. Remarkably, Dock10 KO, but not Dock10 CKO, exaggerated the pathological response to Ang II infusion. These data suggest that Dock10 regulates cardiac stress-related signaling. Although Dock10 can regulate MAPK signaling in both cardiomyocytes and cardiofibroblasts, the inhibition of pathological cardiac remodeling is not apparently due to the Dock10 signaling in the cardiomyocyte.
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13
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Zhu P, Chen G, Liu Y, Wang Q, Wang M, Hu T. Microcystin-leucine arginine exhibits adverse effects on human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 84:105450. [PMID: 35905885 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) is a kind of toxin produced by cyanobacteria, which can do harm to human and livestock health. MC-LR can easily enter tissues and organs through the blood circulation and accumulate in certain target organs. Vessels are prone to contact with MC-LR during growth and development. Previous study had demonstrated that MC-LR had potential vascular toxicity. However, it is not clear whether MC-LR has adverse effects on vascular smooth muscle cells. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of MC-LR exposure (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 μM) on human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HAVSMCs) in vitro. The data showed that MC-LR exposure inhibited the HAVSMC proliferation and migration, induced HAVSMC apoptosis, cytoskeleton destruction, S-phase arrest, mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MMP) loss, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In addition, MC-LR exposure resulted in the imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, increased the caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities, and down-regulated the gene expressions (integrin β1, Rho, ROCK, MLC). Taken together, MC-LR could induce the generation of ROS in HAVSMCs, leading to apoptosis by the mitochondrial signaling pathway. MC-LR could also induce cytoskeletal disruption by integrin-mediated FAK/ROCK signaling pathway, leading to cell cycle arrest and the inhibition of HAVSMCs proliferation and migration. The current findings facilitate an understanding of the mechanism of MC-LR toxicity involved in angiocardiopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Guoliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yuanli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Qilong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Mingxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Tingzhang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
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14
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Huang Y, Yang Y, Zhao Y, Guo D, Chen L, Shi L, Xu G. DOCK4 regulates ghrelin production in gastric X/A-like cells. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:1447-1454. [PMID: 35302184 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01785-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ghrelin, a gastric hormone, provides a hunger signal to the central nervous system to stimulate food intake. Ghrelin also modulates neuroinflammatory and apoptotic processes. Dedicator of cytokinesis 4 (DOCK4), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), is involved in the regulation of neuronal polarization and axon regeneration. However, the effect of DOCK4 on ghrelin production has not been explored. METHODS The expression of DOCK4 in human and mouse stomach was examined by immunohistochemical staining. The synthesis and secretion of ghrelin in Dock4 null mice were evaluated by real-time quantitative PCR, Western blot and ELISA. The effects of DOCK4 on ghrelin production in mHypoE-42 cells were measured by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot. RESULTS We showed that DOCK4 was expressed in both human and mouse gastric ghrelin cells. The mRNA and protein levels of gastric ghrelin, as well as ghrelin secretion, were remarkably diminished in Dock4 null mice. Furthermore, we showed that overexpression of Dock4 significantly stimulated ghrelin expression, while siRNA knockdown of endogenous Dock4 resulted in a marked decrease of ghrelin in mHypoE-N42 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results identify DOCK4 as a critical regulator for ghrelin production in gastric X/A-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Y Yang
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Y Zhao
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - D Guo
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - L Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - L Shi
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - G Xu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
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15
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Wang Q, Chen G, Zhang Q, Wang M, Wang G, Hu T. Microcystin-leucine arginine blocks vasculogenesis and angiogenesis through impairing cytoskeleton and impeding endothelial cell migration by downregulating integrin-mediated Rho/ROCK signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:67108-67119. [PMID: 34244946 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15337-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The main characteristic of eutrophication is cyanobacteria harmful algae blooms. Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) is considered to be the most toxic and most commonly secondary metabolite produced by cyanobacteria. It has been reported that MC-LR had potential vascular toxicity. However, the mechanism that MC-LR-induced vascular toxicity is very limited and remains to be clarified. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxic hazard toward the vasculogenesis and angiogenesis of MC-LR. Its effects on vasculogenesis, sprouting angiogenesis, and endothelial cell tube formation were studied. The study showed that MC-LR exposure blocked vasculogenesis in zebrafish embryos, sprouting angiogenesis from rat aorta, and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In addition, MC-LR exposure also induced the disruption of cytoskeletal structures and markedly inhibited endothelial cell (EC) migration from caudal hematopoietic tissue in zebrafish and HUVEC migration. Western blot analysis showed that MC-LR exposure downregulated the expressions of integrin β1, FAK, Rho, and ROCK. Combined with these results, MC-LR could induce disruption of cytoskeleton via downregulating integrin-mediated FAK/ROCK signaling pathway, leading to the inhibition of EC migration, which finally blocked vasculogenesis and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, No. 174, Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, No. 174, Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, No. 174, Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, No. 174, Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, No. 174, Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingzhang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, No. 174, Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Overexpression of DOCK6 in oral squamous cell cancer promotes cellular migration and invasion and is associated with poor prognosis. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 133:105297. [PMID: 34742001 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify the role of DOCK6 in oral squamous cell cancer (OSCC) in this study. DESIGN DOCK6 expression in OSCC was analyzed using TCGA and GEO datasets and was verified by quantitative real-time PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the relationships between DOCK6 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of OSCC patients. Wound healing and Transwell assays were performed to assess OSCC cell migration and invasion, respectively. STRING and GO analyses and gene set enrichment analysis were used to identify DOCK6-interacting proteins, their functions and their potential pathways. RESULTS DOCK6 was significantly upregulated at both the mRNA and protein levels in OSCC tissues (all P < 0.05). DOCK6 levels were positively correlated with age (P < 0.05), lymph node metastasis status (P < 0.001), clinical stage (P < 0.001), differentiation (P < 0.05), and poor clinical outcome (P < 0.05) in OSCC patients. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that high DOCK6 expression (P < 0.01) and clinical stage III-IV (P < 0.05) might serve as independent prognostic factors for OSCC patients. Functionally, DOCK6 silencing significantly suppressed OSCC cell migration and invasion (all P < 0.05). Ten proteins that interact with DOCK6, more than ten functions related to cancer, and more than six pathways related to DOCK6 in OSCC were identified via bioinformatic methods. CONCLUSION DOCK6 is upregulated in OSCC, is associated with a poor prognosis in OSCC patients and increases OSCC cells migration and invasion. These findings suggest that DOCK6 may be a potential therapeutic target with prognostic implication in patients with OSCC.
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17
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Zhang Q, Wang L, Chen G, Wang M, Hu T. Cylindrospermopsin impairs vascular smooth muscle cells by P53-mediated apoptosis due to ROS overproduction. Toxicol Lett 2021; 353:83-92. [PMID: 34687773 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a toxic secondary metabolite from cyanobacteria that can cause cardiovascular disease. However, the study of CYN-induced cardiovascular toxicity in vitro is very limited and the mechanism is remain to be clarified. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VMSCs) have an important function in maintaining the structural and functional integrity of the aortic wall, and are an important in vitro model for cardiovascular research. Thus, the effects of CYN exposure (2, 20, 200, and 2000 nM) on VMSCs were analyzed. In vitro study, results showed that CYN exposure decreased VMSCs viability, inhibited VMSCs migration, induced DNA damage, destroyed cytoskeleton, changed cell morphology, promoted VMSCs apoptosis, and increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. In addition, CYN could induce the activities of SOD, CAT and GPX, and promote the expressions of SOD1, CAT, GPx1, p53 and Bax genes and inhibit the expression of Bcl-2 gene, leading to a higher ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. Taken together, CYN may induce ROS overproduction, leading to increased p53 expression and ultimately promoting VSMC apoptosis. Therefore, the present study demonstrates that CYN could impair VMSCs, leading to vascular developmental defects and angiocardiopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Linping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Guoliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Mingxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Tingzhang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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18
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Regulation of Rac1 Activation in Choroidal Endothelial Cells: Insights into Mechanisms in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092414. [PMID: 34572063 PMCID: PMC8469925 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. Vision loss from the neovascular form is associated with the invasion of choroidal endothelial cells into the neural retina to form vision-threatening macular neovascularization (MNV). Anti-angiogenic agents are the current standard of care but are effective in only ~50% of AMD cases. The molecular mechanisms involved in invasive MNV point to the importance of regulating signaling pathways that lead to pathologic biologic outcomes. In studies testing the effects of AMD-related stresses, activation of the Rho GTPase, Rac1, was found to be important for the choroidal endothelial cell invasion into the neural retina. However, current approaches to prevent Rac1 activation are inefficient and less effective. We summarize active Rac1-mediated mechanisms that regulate choroidal endothelial cell migration. Specifically, we discuss our work regarding the role of a multidomain protein, IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1 (IQGAP1), in sustaining pathologic Rac1 activation and a mechanism by which active Rap1, a Ras-like GTPase, may prevent active Rac1-mediated choroidal endothelial cell migration.
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