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Salam N, Xian WD, Asem MD, Xiao M, Li WJ. From ecophysiology to cultivation methodology: filling the knowledge gap between uncultured and cultured microbes. MARINE LIFE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 3:132-147. [PMID: 37073336 PMCID: PMC10077289 DOI: 10.1007/s42995-020-00064-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Earth is dominated by a myriad of microbial communities, but the majority fails to grow under in situ laboratory conditions. The basic cause of unculturability is that bacteria dominantly occur as biofilms in natural environments. Earlier improvements in the culture techniques are mostly done by optimizing media components. However, with technological advancement particularly in the field of genome sequencing and cell imagining techniques, new tools have become available to understand the ecophysiology of microbial communities. Hence, it becomes easier to mimic environmental conditions in the culture plate. Other methods include co-culturing, emendation of growth factors, and cultivation after physical cell sorting. Most recently, techniques have been proposed for bacterial cultivation by employing genomic data to understand either microbial interactions (network-directed targeted bacterial isolation) or ecosystem engineering (reverse genomics). Hopefully, these techniques may be applied to almost all environmental samples, and help fill the gaps between the cultured and uncultured microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimaichand Salam
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Science and School of Ecology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Wen-Dong Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Science and School of Ecology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Mipeshwaree Devi Asem
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Science and School of Ecology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Min Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Science and School of Ecology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Science and School of Ecology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011 China
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2
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Application of real treated wastewater to starch production by microalgae: Potential effect of nutrients and microbial contamination. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.107973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Asaf S, Numan M, Khan AL, Al-Harrasi A. Sphingomonas: from diversity and genomics to functional role in environmental remediation and plant growth. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:138-152. [PMID: 31906737 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2019.1709793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The species belonging to the Sphingomonas genus possess multifaceted functions ranging from remediation of environmental contaminations to producing highly beneficial phytohormones, such as sphingan and gellan gum. Recent studies have shown an intriguing role of Sphingomonas species in the degradation of organometallic compounds. However, the actual biotechnological potential of this genus requires further assessment. Some of the species from the genus have also been noted to improve plant-growth during stress conditions such as drought, salinity, and heavy metals in agricultural soil. This role has been attributed to their potential to produce plant growth hormones e.g. gibberellins and indole acetic acid. However, the current literature is scattered, and some of the important areas, such as taxonomy, phylogenetics, genome mapping, and cellular transport systems, are still being overlooked in terms of elucidation of the mechanisms behind stress-tolerance and bioremediation. In this review, we elucidated the prospective role and function of this genus for improved utilization during environmental biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Asaf
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Muhammad Numan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
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Wu QL, Chen JH, Deng LY, Liu ZX, He JW, Liu ZX, Yang LL, Tang SK, Chen YG. Sediminibacillus terrae sp. nov., a moderate halophile isolated from non-saline farm soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 70:1139-1144. [PMID: 31751198 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-stain-positive, moderately halophilic, strictly aerobic, endospore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium, strain JSM 102062T, was isolated from a non-saline farm soil sample collected from Dehang Canyon in Hunan, PR China. Growth occurred with 0.5-20 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 4-7 %) at pH 5.5-11.0 (optimum pH 8.0) and at 20-50 °C (optimum 30-35 °C). Contained cell-wall peptidoglycan based on meso-diaminopimelic acid and possessed menaquinone-7 (MK-7) as the major respiratory isoprenoid quinone. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. The polar lipid pattern consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, five unidentified phospholipids and an unidentified glycolipid. The DNA G+C content was 44.1 mol%. Phylogeny based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain JSM 102062T belonged to the genus Sediminibacillus, sharing high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to Sediminibacillus halophilus EN8dT (99.4 %) and Sediminibacillus albus NHBX5T (98.3 %). The whole genomic analysis showed that strain JSM 102062T constituted a different taxon separated from the recognized Sediminibacillus species. Combined data from phenotypic and genotypic studies demonstrated that strain JSM 102062T represents a noval species of the genus Sediminibacillus, for which the name Sediminibacillus terrae sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is JSM 102062T (=CCTCC AB 2014166T = CGMCC 1.12957T=DSM 28949T=KCTC 33541T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Lei Wu
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory of Integrative Utilization Technology of Eucommia ulmoides, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, PR China
| | - Jin-Hua Chen
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory of Integrative Utilization Technology of Eucommia ulmoides, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, PR China
| | - Li-Ying Deng
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory of Integrative Utilization Technology of Eucommia ulmoides, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, PR China
| | - Zhi-Xiong Liu
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory of Integrative Utilization Technology of Eucommia ulmoides, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, PR China
| | - Jian-Wu He
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory of Integrative Utilization Technology of Eucommia ulmoides, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, PR China
| | - Zhu-Xiang Liu
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory of Integrative Utilization Technology of Eucommia ulmoides, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, PR China
| | - Ling-Ling Yang
- Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, PR China
| | - Shu-Kun Tang
- Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, PR China
| | - Yi-Guang Chen
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory of Integrative Utilization Technology of Eucommia ulmoides, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, PR China
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Liu Y, Yao S, Lee YJ, Cao Y, Zhai L, Zhang X, Su J, Ge Y, Kim SG, Cheng C. Sphingomonas morindae sp. nov., isolated from Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) branch. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:2817-2823. [PMID: 25985831 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.000340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two yellow bacterial strains, designated NBD5(T) and NBD8, isolated from Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) branch were investigated using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile and short rod-shaped. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences suggested that the strains were members of a novel species of the genus Sphingomonas, the seven closest neighbours being Sphingomonas oligoaromativorans SY-6(T) (96.9% similarity), Sphingomonas polyaromaticivorans B2-7(T) (95.8%), Sphingomonas yantingensis 1007(T) (94.9%), Sphingomonas sanguinis IFO 13937(T) (94.7%), Sphingomonas ginsenosidimutans Gsoil 1429(T) (94.6%), Sphingomonas wittichii RW1(T) (94.6%) and Sphingomonas formosensis CC-Nfb-2(T) (94.5%). Strains NBD5T and NBD8 had sphingoglycolipid, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine as the major polar lipids, ubiquinone 10 as the predominant respiratory quinone, and sym-homospermidine as the major polyamine. Strains NBD5(T) and NBD8 were clearly distinguished from reference type strains based on phylogenetic analysis, DNA-DNA hybridization, fatty acid composition data analysis, and comparison of a range of physiological and biochemical characteristics. It is evident from the genotypic and phenotypic data that strains NBD5(T) and NBD8 represent a novel species of the genus Sphingomonas, for which the name Sphingomonas morindae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NBD5(T) ( = DSM 29151(T) = KCTC 42183(T) = CICC 10879(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- China Center of Industrial Culture Collection (CICC), China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100015, PR China
| | - Su Yao
- China Center of Industrial Culture Collection (CICC), China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100015, PR China
| | - Yong-Jae Lee
- Microbial Resource Center/Korean Collection for Type Cultures (KCTC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Yanhua Cao
- China Center of Industrial Culture Collection (CICC), China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100015, PR China
| | - Lei Zhai
- China Center of Industrial Culture Collection (CICC), China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100015, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- China Center of Industrial Culture Collection (CICC), China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100015, PR China
| | - Jiaojiao Su
- China Center of Industrial Culture Collection (CICC), China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100015, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Ge
- China Center of Industrial Culture Collection (CICC), China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100015, PR China
| | - Song-Gun Kim
- Microbial Resource Center/Korean Collection for Type Cultures (KCTC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.,University of Science and Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-850, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Cheng
- China Center of Industrial Culture Collection (CICC), China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100015, PR China
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Feng GD, Yang SZ, Wang YH, Zhang XX, Zhao GZ, Deng MR, Zhu HH. Description of a Gram-negative bacterium, Sphingomonas guangdongensis sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2014; 64:1697-1702. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.056853-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative bacterial strain, designated 9NM-8T, was isolated from an abandoned lead-zinc ore in Mei county, Meizhou, Guangdong province, PR China. The isolate was orange-pigmented, aerobic, oxidase- and catalase-positive, motile with lophotrichous flagella and rod-shaped. Strain 9NM-8T grew optimally at pH 7.0 and 30 °C and in the absence of NaCl on R2A agar. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain 9NM-8T belongs to the genus
Sphingomonas
, with highest sequence similarities to
Sphingomonas azotifigens
KACC 14484T (96.1 %),
Sphingomonas trueperi
DSM 7225T (96.0 %) and
Sphingomonas pituitosa
DSM 13101T (95.6 %). Strain 9NM-8T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone. The major fatty acids included C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0, C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c (summed feature 3) and 11-methyl C18 : 1ω7c. The DNA G+C content was 69.6±1.3 mol%. The major component in the polyamine pattern was sym-homospermidine and the polar lipid profile contained sphingoglycolipid, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified glycolipid and two unidentified phospholipids. Based on comparative analysis of physiological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics, strain 9NM-8T should be considered to represent a novel species of the genus
Sphingomonas
, for which the name Sphingomonas guangdongensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 9NM-8T ( = GIMCC 1.653T = CGMCC 1.12672T = DSM 27570T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Da Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Song-Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Yong-Hong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Xiu-Xiu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Guo-Zhen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Ming-Rong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Hong-Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
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