Micromonospora yasonensis sp. nov., isolated from a Black Sea sediment

Genomic Analysis of a Novel Heavy Metal Resistant Isolate from a Black Sea Contaminated Sediment with the Potential to Degrade Alkanes: Plantactinospora alkalitolerans sp. nov

Microorganisms that grow in poorly studied environments are of special interest when new biotechnological applications are searched. The Melet river offshore sediments at the Black Sea have been described to contain an important number of contaminants from upstream industries which have been accumulating for years. Bacteria of such habitats must be adapted to the presence of those compounds and in some cases, are able to use them as carbon sources. In the analysis of some samples recovered from this environment, an actinobacterial strain was isolated, named as S1510T, and its taxonomic position was determined using a combination of phenotypic and genotypic properties. Strain S1510T presented phenotypic properties typical of members of the family Micromonosporaceae and was assigned to the Plantactinospora genus, based on the phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene and whole-genome sequences. Low dDDH (digital DNA-DNA hybridization) values with other members of the genus confirmed that Plantactinospora sp. S1510T represents a novel species, and is proposed with the new name Plantactinospora alkalitolerans. The strain presented characteristics not previously described for other species in the genus, such as its high tolerance to alkaline pHs, the presence of genes related to the production and degradation of alkanes (oleABCD, ssuAD, almA), the degradation of several aromatic compounds, and the tolerance to high heavy metal concentrations. In addition, Plantactinospora sp. S1510T presents several bioclusters to produce nonribosomal peptide-synthetases, terpenes, polyketide synthases, and bacteriocins, that possess low similarities with known compounds.

Implication of energy expansion via the interaction of coal, industrialization, and agriculture towards climate goal: dual sustainability analysis

This current study seeks to investigate the policy implication of Turkey's recent energy policies on its sustainable development. This study uses Turkey's country-specific data and series of 1974 to 2018 for effective investigation and justification of the findings of this study with emphasis on both short-run and long-run implications. Three models were fitted to achieve study objectives to accommodate both environmental sustainability and economic impacts. Ecological footprint was considered better measure and used as proxy for the environment related model. In summary, with environment models, the selected series (per capita GDP, industrialization, agriculture, coal as a single energy use, and mixed energy use) except per capita GDP² were found positively and significantly related to ecological footprint in both short run and long run which translates to poor performance of Turkey's environment. Also, using economic growth model, the selected series (industrialization, energy use, and agriculture) were all confirmed positively and significantly related to the economic growth (per capita GDP). Additionally, environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) was established for Turkey's environment and economic performance. Furthermore, using Granger causality as robust check to these findings, a nexus was found among the series confirming the validity of the cointegration (short- and long-run policies) estimations and results. In congruence with literature and hypotheses, the results from cointegration estimation shows that the twin polices may be good to the economic performance but will spark off adverse effect on environment.

Marine Rare Actinomycetes: A Promising Source of Structurally Diverse and Unique Novel Natural Products

Rare actinomycetes are prolific in the marine environment; however, knowledge about their diversity, distribution and biochemistry is limited. Marine rare actinomycetes represent a rather untapped source of chemically diverse secondary metabolites and novel bioactive compounds. In this review, we aim to summarize the present knowledge on the isolation, diversity, distribution and natural product discovery of marine rare actinomycetes reported from mid-2013 to 2017. A total of 97 new species, representing 9 novel genera and belonging to 27 families of marine rare actinomycetes have been reported, with the highest numbers of novel isolates from the families Pseudonocardiaceae, Demequinaceae, Micromonosporaceae and Nocardioidaceae. Additionally, this study reviewed 167 new bioactive compounds produced by 58 different rare actinomycete species representing 24 genera. Most of the compounds produced by the marine rare actinomycetes present antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, anticancer or antimalarial activities. The highest numbers of natural products were derived from the genera Nocardiopsis, Micromonospora, Salinispora and Pseudonocardia. Members of the genus Micromonospora were revealed to be the richest source of chemically diverse and unique bioactive natural products.

A study of three bacteria isolated from marine sediment and description of Micromonospora globispora sp. nov

During a study looking for the isolation of new actinobacteria strains with potential for antibiotic production from deep marine sediment, three strains were collected with a morphology similar to the one described for the Micromonospora genus. A polyphasic study was designed to determine the taxonomic affiliation of the strains S2901^T, S2903, and S2904. All the strains showed chemotaxonomic properties in line with their classification in the genus Micromonospora, meso-diaminopimelic acid in the wall peptidoglycan, a tetrahydrogenated menaquinone with nine isoprene units as major respiratory quinone, iso-C_15:0 and iso-C_16:0 as major fatty acids and diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol as major polar lipids. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strain S2901^T, S2903, and S2904 showed the highest similarity (99.2%) with the type strain of Micromonospora halophytica DSM 43171^T, forming an independent branch in the phylogenetic gene tree. Their independent position was confirmed with gyrB gene and MLSA phylogenies. Whole genome sequences confirmed by digital DNA-DNA hybridization analysis that the isolates should be assigned to a new species within the genus Micromonospora for which the name Micromonospora globispora sp. nov. (S2901^T, S2903 and S2904) is proposed.

Micromonospora profundi sp. nov., isolated from deep marine sediment

A novel actinobacterial strain, designated DS3010T, was isolated from a Black Sea marine sediment and characterized using a polyphasic approach. The strain was shown to have chemotaxonomic, morphological and phylogenetic properties consistent with classification as representing a member of the genus Micromonospora. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence studies showed that the strain was most closely related to the type strains of Micromonospora saelicesensis (99.5 %), Micromonospora chokoriensis (99.4 %) and Micromonospora violae (99.3 %). Similarly, a corresponding analysis based on partial gyrB gene sequences showed that it formed a distinct phyletic branch in a subclade that included the type strains of Micromonosporazamorensis, 'Micromonospora zeae', 'Micromonospora jinlongensis', M. saelicesensis and Micromonospora lupini. DS3010T was distinguished from its closest phylogenetic neighbours by low levels of DNA-DNA relatedness and by a combination of chemotaxonomic and phenotypic properties. On the basis of these data, it is proposed that the isolate should be assigned to the genus Micromonospora as Micromonospora profundi sp. nov. with isolate DS3010T (=DSM 45981T=KCTC 29243T) as the type strain.