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Bermúdez C SE, Félix ML, Domínguez A L, Araúz D, Venzal JM. Molecular screening of tick-borne microorganisms in ticks from rural areas of Panama, with the first record of Ehrlichia minasensis in Rhipicephalus microplus from Central America. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:1301-1308. [PMID: 38221589 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10306-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
During a molecular screening of rickettsial, borrelial and protozoal agents in ticks from rural areas of Panama, we detected DNA of Rickettsia amblyommatis in four Amblyomma mixtum collected from horses in a locality in Los Santos province. Ehrlichia minasensis and Anaplasma marginale were identified from three and two Rhipicephalus microplus, respectively, collected on cows from Chiriqui province. No DNA from other tick-borne agents was found. These results increase the information of R. amblyommatis and A. marginale in Panama, and also mark the first record of E. minasensis in Central America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio E Bermúdez C
- Departamento de Investigación en Entomología Médica, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Avenida Justo Arosemena y Calle 35, Ciudad de Panamá, Panamá, Panama.
- Programa de Desarrollo de las Ciencias Básicas (PEDEClBA), Universidad de la República, Rivera, Salto, Uruguay.
| | - María L Félix
- Laboratorio de Vectores y Enfermedades Transmitidas, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, CENUR Litoral Norte, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Salto, Uruguay
| | - Lillian Domínguez A
- Departamento de Investigación en Entomología Médica, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Avenida Justo Arosemena y Calle 35, Ciudad de Panamá, Panamá, Panama
| | - Dimelza Araúz
- Departamento Investigación en Virología y Biotecnología, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Ciudad de Panamá, Panamá, Panama
| | - José M Venzal
- Laboratorio de Vectores y Enfermedades Transmitidas, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, CENUR Litoral Norte, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Salto, Uruguay
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Santodomingo A, Thomas R, Robbiano S, Uribe JE, Parragué-Migone C, Cabello-Stom J, Vera-Otarola F, Valencia-Soto C, Moreira-Arce D, Hidalgo-Hermoso E, Muñoz-Leal S. Wild deer (Pudu puda) from Chile harbor a novel ecotype of Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:38. [PMID: 36707862 PMCID: PMC9883915 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05657-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deer species play an important role in the enzootic cycles of several Anaplasma species. While in the Northern Hemisphere ticks of genus Ixodes are well recognized vectors of these intracellular bacteria, less is known regarding the biological cycles of Anaplasma spp. in South America. METHODS Using PCR protocols and Sanger sequencing, we assessed the presence of Anaplasma spp. in blood and ticks collected on a native deer species (Pudu puda) from southern Chile. RESULTS Based on phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA, gltA and groEL genes and calculation of average sequence divergence for groEL, our results bring to light a novel genovariant of Anaplasma phagocytophilum (named strain "Patagonia"). The strain represents a novel ecotype within the A. phagocytophilum species complex and was detected in both P. puda and their ticks. Using a larger matrix, denser taxon sampling and outgroup, our maximum-likelihood- and Bayesian-inferred phylogenies for groEL provide an accurate picture of the topology of A. phagocytophilum ecotypes and their evolutionary relationships. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of an ecotype of A. phagocytophilum in South America. Our results provide novel insight into the genetic diversity and ecology of this complex of bacterial lineages. Further studies should elucidate the enzootic cycle of A. phagocytophilum strain "Patagonia" and assess its pathogenic potential for pudues, domestic animals and humans in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Santodomingo
- grid.5380.e0000 0001 2298 9663Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Richard Thomas
- grid.5380.e0000 0001 2298 9663Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Sofía Robbiano
- grid.5380.e0000 0001 2298 9663Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Juan E. Uribe
- grid.420025.10000 0004 1768 463XDepartment of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain ,grid.1214.60000 0000 8716 3312Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013 USA
| | - Catalina Parragué-Migone
- grid.5380.e0000 0001 2298 9663Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Javier Cabello-Stom
- Centro de Conservación de la Biodiversidad, Chiloé Silvestre, Nal Bajo, Chiloé, Chile
| | - Frank Vera-Otarola
- grid.442215.40000 0001 2227 4297Facultad de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Sede de La Patagonia, Universidad San Sebastián, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Carola Valencia-Soto
- grid.442215.40000 0001 2227 4297Facultad de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Sede de La Patagonia, Universidad San Sebastián, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Darío Moreira-Arce
- grid.412179.80000 0001 2191 5013Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile ,grid.512671.6Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Sebastián Muñoz-Leal
- grid.5380.e0000 0001 2298 9663Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
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Yang X, Fu M, Yu Z, Wang J, Song J, Zhao G. Molecular Characterization of Anaplasma spp. among Dairy, Cashmere, and Meat Goats in Shaanxi Province, Northwestern China. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12121566. [PMID: 35739902 PMCID: PMC9219440 DOI: 10.3390/ani12121566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplasma spp. are important tick-borne pathogens endangering the health of humans and various animals. Although several studies have reported Anaplasma infection in livestock in China, little is known about the impact of production categories on the occurrence of Anaplasma species. In the present study, PCR tools targeting the 16S rRNA and msp4 genes were applied to investigate the prevalence of Anaplasma spp. in 509 blood samples of dairy (n = 249), cashmere (n = 139), and meat (n = 121) goats from Shaanxi province. The prevalence of Anaplasma spp. was 58.5% (298/509) in goats, and significant differences (p < 0.001) were identified in the prevalence among production categories, with the highest in meat goats (84.3%, 102/121), followed by cashmere goats (58.3%, 81/139) and dairy goats (46.2%, 115/249). Significant differences (p < 0.001) in prevalence were also found among sampling sites and age groups. Meanwhile, the prevalence was 36.9% (188/509) for A. phagocytophilum, 36.1% (184/509) for A. bovis, and 11.0% (56/509) for A. ovis, and significant differences (p < 0.001) in prevalence of A. phagocytophilum, A. bovis and A. ovis were recognized among production categories and sampling sites. A. phagocytophilum, A. bovis and A. ovis were dominant species in meat, dairy, and cashmere goats, respectively, and A. ovis was absent in meat goats. Co-infections were found in 124 (24.4%) investigated samples. Goats aged < 2, 3−6, and 7−12 months, and goats from Qingjian and Zhenba were risk factors associated with the occurrence of Anaplasma. Phylogenetic analysis indicated separate clades for the distribution of A. phagocytophilum from different ruminant, reflecting potential host adaption within this species. This study reported the colonization occurrence of Anaplasma spp. among production categories in goats in Shaanxi province and enriched our knowledge on the transmission of Anaplasma spp. in goats in China. Considering the existence of zoonotic A. phagocytophilum in goats in this study and previous reports, interventions based on One Health are needed to be developed to control the transmission of Anaplasma spp. between humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.Y.); (M.F.); (J.W.)
| | - Mingzhe Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.Y.); (M.F.); (J.W.)
| | - Zhengqing Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Junwei Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.Y.); (M.F.); (J.W.)
| | - Junke Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.Y.); (M.F.); (J.W.)
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guanghui Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.Y.); (M.F.); (J.W.)
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (G.Z.)
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Molecular screening for tick-borne bacteria and hematozoa in Ixodes cf. boliviensis and Ixodes tapirus (Ixodida: Ixodidae) from western highlands of Panama. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PARASITOLOGY & VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES 2021; 1:100034. [PMID: 35284894 PMCID: PMC8906142 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2021.100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The first molecular screening for Rickettsia, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Borrelia, Babesia and Hepatozoon was carried out in questing Ixodes cf. boliviensis and Ixodes tapirus from Talamanca Mountains, Panama, using specific primers, sequencing and phylogeny. Phylogenetic analyses for the microorganisms in Ixodes cf. boliviensis confirmed the presence of Rickettsia sp. strain IbR/CRC endosymbiont (26/27 ticks), three genotypes of the Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) complex (4/27 ticks), Babesia odocoilei (1/27 ticks), and Hepatozoon sp. (2/27 ticks), tentatively designated Hepatozoon sp. strain Chiriquensis. Phylogenetic analyses for the microorganisms in I. tapirus revealed an undescribed Rickettsia sp., tentatively designated Rickettsia sp. strain Itapirus LQ (6/6 ticks), and Anaplasma phagocytophilum (2/6 ticks). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of B. burgdorferi (s.l.) complex, A. phagocytophilum, B. odocoilei, and Hepatozoon sp. in Ixodes ticks from Central America, and also the first detection of Rickettsia spp. in Ixodes species in Panama. In light of the importance of these findings, further studies are needed focusing on the role of I. tapirus and I. cf. boliviensis as vectors, and the vertebrates acting as reservoirs. Free-living adult Ixodes ticks collected in Talamanca Mountains, Panama, were PCR-screened for tick-borne pathogens. Ixodes tapirus and Ixodes cf. boliviensis identified morphologically and molecularly. Genetic differences between Ixodes boliviensis from South America and I. cf. boliviensis from Panama. First molecular data for B. burgdorferi (s.l.), Hepatozoon and Babesia odocoilei in I. cf. boliviensis from Central America. First molecular data for Anaplasma phagocytophilum and spotted fever group Rickettsia in I. tapirus from Central America.
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