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Chen M, Wang L, Li M, Budai MM, Wang J. Mitochondrion-Mediated Cell Death through Erk1-Alox5 Independent of Caspase-9 Signaling. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193053. [PMID: 36231015 PMCID: PMC9564198 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial disruption leads to the release of cytochrome c to activate caspase-9 and the downstream caspase cascade for the execution of apoptosis. However, cell death can proceed efficiently in the absence of caspase-9 following mitochondrial disruption, suggesting the existence of caspase-9-independent cell death mechanisms. Through a genome-wide siRNA library screening, we identified a network of genes that mediate caspase-9-independent cell death, through ROS production and Alox5-dependent membrane lipid peroxidation. Erk1-dependent phosphorylation of Alox5 is critical for targeting Alox5 to the nuclear membrane to mediate lipid peroxidation, resulting in nuclear translocation of cytolytic molecules to induce DNA damage and cell death. Consistently, double knockouts of caspase-9 and Alox5 in mice, but not deletion of either gene alone, led to significant T cell expansion with inhibited cell death, indicating that caspase-9- and Alox5-dependent pathways function in parallel to regulate T cell death in vivo. This unbiased whole-genome screening reveals an Erk1-Alox5-mediated pathway that promotes membrane lipid peroxidation and nuclear translocation of cytolytic molecules, leading to the execution of cell death in parallel to the caspase-9 signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (J.W.)
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Min Li
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marietta M. Budai
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jin Wang
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (J.W.)
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Mao Y, Soni K, Sangani C, Yao Y. An Overview of Privileged Scaffold: Quinolines and Isoquinolines in Medicinal Chemistry as Anticancer Agents. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 20:2599-2633. [PMID: 32942976 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620999200917154225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most difficult diseases and causes of death for many decades. Many pieces of research are continuously going on to get a solution for cancer. Quinoline and isoquinoline derivatives have shown their possibilities to work as an antitumor agent in anticancer treatment. The members of this privileged scaffold quinoline and isoquinoline have shown their controlling impacts on cancer treatment through various modes. In particular, this review suggests the current scenario of quinoline and isoquinoline derivatives as antitumor agents and refine the path of these derivatives to find and develop new drugs against an evil known as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna Mao
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital,
Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - Kunjal Soni
- Shri Maneklal M. Patel Institute of Sciences and Research, Kadi Sarva Vishwavidyalaya University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 362024, India
| | - Chetan Sangani
- Shri Maneklal M. Patel Institute of Sciences and Research, Kadi Sarva Vishwavidyalaya University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 362024, India
| | - Yongfang Yao
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital,
Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Sobhanifar MA, Mashkani B, Saadatmandzadeh M, Sadeghnia HR, Mousavi SH. Induction of cytotoxicity and apoptosis in FLT3 mutant expressing cells using novel pyrimido cyanoacrylates and quinoline derivatives. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:893-905. [PMID: 30372901 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant activation of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) is associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Leukemic cells expressing constitutively active FLT3 mutants are resistance to the current cancer therapies (radiotherapy and chemotherapy); hence, there is an increased interest to identify new agents for the treatment of AML. The main aim of this study was evaluating cytotoxic effects of novel pyrimidocyanoacrylates and quinoline derivatives on FLT3 overexpressing cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five novel pyrimidocyanoacrylates & 2-chloro 3-carbaldehyde quinolone derivative compounds, E1QAC1, E1QAC2, E1QAC3, E1QAC4, and E1QAC5 were designed and synthesized at the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran. FDC-P1 cells expressing human wild-type FLT3 (FD-FLT3-WT) and internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutants (FD-FLT3-ITD) used in this study. The cells maintained in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) and murine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (mGM-CSF). Potency for induction of cytotoxicity (IC50 value) and apoptosis was determined after treating the cells with concentration of the compounds by resazurin assay. Bax and Bcl2 activation status was also investigated by Western blot analysis. RESULTS All the compounds had concentration-dependent effects on inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in both cell lines. E1QAC4 was the most potent compound for inhibition of cell proliferation (with IC50 value of 19 μM) and apoptosis induction in the FLT3-WT cells. However, FD-FLT3-ITD cells were nearly five-times more resistant to all the compounds (except than E1QAC2) that the FLT3-WT expressing cells. Western blotting results also showed that FD-FLT3-ITD cells had lower levels of Bax and higher levels of Bcl2 than the FD-FLT3-WT cells. CONCLUSION The five novel heterocyclic compounds (E1QAC1-5) had cytotoxic effects and induced apoptosis in FD-FLT3 cells. Therefore, it is worthwhile to consider them as potential lead compound for development of new therapeutic agents for AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Ali Sobhanifar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Baratali Mashkani
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Hamid Reza Sadeghnia
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Hadi Mousavi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Vélez C, Soto J, Ríos K, Silva L, Hernandez W, Rivera LA, Ortiz-Colón AI, Cox O, Zayas B. Toxicity and Apoptosis Related Effects of Benzimidazo [3,2-α] Quinolinium Salts Upon Human Lymphoma Cells. THE OPEN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY JOURNAL 2017; 11:54-65. [PMID: 28761559 PMCID: PMC5510565 DOI: 10.2174/1874104501711010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study evaluates novel cationic quinoline derivatives known as benzimidazo[3,2-a]quinolinium salts (BQS) named NBQ-48 and ABQ-48 that have structural similarities to known anti-cancer substances such as ellipticine and berberine. METHODS Toledo human lymphoma (ATCC CRL2631) cells were treated for 24 to 48 hours. Apoptosis related endpoints such as cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial damage, RNS and ROS generation and the activity of several apoptosis related proteins such as caspases and apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) were studied using fluorescence staining and western blot respectively. RESULTS Results indicated a higher toxicity from the amino substituted ABQ-48 versus the NBQ-48 (GI50's of 50uM versus 100uM respectively). Both compounds induced cell death through various apoptosis related endpoints including a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential with an increase in ROS and activation of the effector caspase 3. Interestingly, AIF release was observed on cells treated with the amino substituted ABQ-48 but not on the nitro substituted NBQ-48 samples suggesting a caspase independent mechanism for ABQ-48. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained presents the toxic effects of two novel benzimidazo[3,2-a]quinolinium salts in human lymphoma tumor cells. The identified mechanism of action includes multiple apoptosis related effects. Furthermore the data presents a clear variation in caspase dependent or independent mechanism for each compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Vélez
- Universidad Metropolitana, School of Environmental Affairs, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Jessica Soto
- Universidad Metropolitana, School of Environmental Affairs, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Karoline Ríos
- Universidad Metropolitana, School of Environmental Affairs, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Luz Silva
- Institute of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences Research of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Wigberto Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Luis A Rivera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Ana I Ortiz-Colón
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Osvaldo Cox
- Universidad Metropolitana, School of Environmental Affairs, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Beatriz Zayas
- Universidad Metropolitana, School of Environmental Affairs, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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Kim J, Park M, Ryu BJ, Kim SH. The Protein Kinase 2 Inhibitor CX-4945 Induces Autophagy in Human Cancer Cell Lines. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2014.35.10.2985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Bincoletto C, Bechara A, Pereira GJS, Santos CP, Antunes F, Peixoto da-Silva J, Muler M, Gigli RD, Monteforte PT, Hirata H, Jurkiewicz A, Smaili SS. Interplay between apoptosis and autophagy, a challenging puzzle: new perspectives on antitumor chemotherapies. Chem Biol Interact 2013; 206:279-88. [PMID: 24121004 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a mechanism of protection against various forms of human diseases, such as cancer, in which autophagy seems to have an extremely complex role. In cancer, there is evidence that autophagy may be oncogenic in some contexts, whereas in others it clearly contributes to tumor suppression. In addition, studies have demonstrated the existence of a complex relationship between autophagy and cell death, determining whether a cell will live or die in response to anticancer therapies. Nevertheless, we still need to complete the autophagy-apoptosis puzzle in the tumor context to better address appropriate chemotherapy protocols with autophagy modulators. Generally, tumor cell resistance to anticancer induced-apoptosis can be overcome by autophagy inhibition. However, when an extensive autophagic stimulus is activated, autophagic cell death is observed. In this review, we discuss some details of autophagy and its relationship with tumor progression or suppression, as well as role of autophagy-apoptosis in cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bincoletto
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Aronson LI, Davies FE. DangER: protein ovERload. Targeting protein degradation to treat myeloma. Haematologica 2012; 97:1119-30. [PMID: 22580998 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2012.064923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloma is a malignancy of the antibody-producing plasma cells and, as such, these cells synthesize large quantities of unfolded or misfolded immunoglobulin. The build-up of excess protein triggers a number of downstream signal transduction cascades, including endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy. As a result, myeloma cells are uniquely reliant on these and other protein handling pathways for their survival. Strategies aimed at targeting this vulnerability have proved successful with the proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, already licensed for clinical use. In addition to the proteasome, various other points within the protein handling pathways are also the subject of drug discovery projects, with some already progressing into clinical trials. These include compounds directed against heat shock proteins, the unfolded protein response and pathways both upstream and downstream of the proteasome. More recently, the role of autophagy has been recognized in myeloma. In this review, we discuss the various pathways used by myeloma cells for survival, with particular emphasis on the emerging role and conundrum of autophagy, as well as highlighting pre-clinical research on novel inhibitors targeting protein handling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren I Aronson
- Haemato-Oncology Research Unit, Division of Molecular Pathology, Cancer Therapeutics and Clinical Studies, Institute of CancerResearch, England,, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
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Role of autophagy in the progression and suppression of leukemias. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2012; 81:275-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2011.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Revised: 03/09/2011] [Accepted: 03/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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