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Bryukhovetskiy I, Pak O, Khotimchenko Y, Bryukhovetskiy A, Sharma A, Sharma HS. Personalized therapy and stem cell transplantation for pro-inflammatory modulation of cancer stem cells microenvironment in glioblastoma: Review. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2020; 151:67-98. [PMID: 32448615 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most aggressive types of brain tumor in humans. The prognosis for patients with GBM is unfavorable and treatment is largely ineffective, where modern treatment regimens typically increase survival by 15 months. GBM relapse and progression are associated with cancer stem cells (CSCs). The present review provides a critical analysis of the primary reasons underlying the lack of effectiveness of modern CSC management methods. An emphasis is placed on the role of the blood-brain barrier in the development of treatment resistance. The existing methods for increasing the efficiency of antitumor genotoxic therapy are also described, and a strategy for personalized regulation of CSC based on post-genome technologies is suggested. The hypothesis that GBM cells employ a special mechanism for DNA repair based on their interactions with normal stem cells, is presented and the function of the tumor microenvironment in fulfilling the antitumor potential of normal stem cells is explained. Additionally, the mechanisms by which cancer stem cells regulate glioblastoma progression and recurrence are described based on novel biomedical technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Bryukhovetskiy
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia; Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia.
| | - Oleg Pak
- Medical Center, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Yuri Khotimchenko
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia; Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Andrey Bryukhovetskiy
- NeuroVita Clinic of Interventional and Restorative Neurology and Therapy, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aruna Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala University, S-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hari Shanker Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala University, S-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
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Gabashvili AN, Baklaushev VP, Grinenko NF, Mel'nikov PA, Cherepanov SA, Levinsky AB, Chehonin VP. Antitumor Activity of Rat Mesenchymal Stem Cells during Direct or Indirect Co-Culturing with C6 Glioma Cells. Bull Exp Biol Med 2016; 160:519-24. [PMID: 26902362 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-016-3211-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The tumor-suppressive effect of rat mesenchymal stem cells against low-differentiated rat C6 glioma cells during their direct and indirect co-culturing and during culturing of C6 glioma cells in the medium conditioned by mesenchymal stem cells was studied in an in vitro experiment. The most pronounced antitumor activity of mesenchymal stem cells was observed during direct co-culturing with C6 glioma cells. The number of live C6 glioma cells during indirect co-culturing and during culturing in conditioned medium was slightly higher than during direct co-culturing, but significantly differed from the control (C6 glioma cells cultured in medium conditioned by C6 glioma cells). The cytotoxic effect of medium conditioned by mesenchymal stem cells was not related to medium depletion by glioma cells during their growth. The medium conditioned by other "non-stem" cells (rat astrocytes and fibroblasts) produced no tumor-suppressive effect. Rat mesenchymal stem cells, similar to rat C6 glioma cells express connexin 43, the main astroglial gap junction protein. During co-culturing, mesenchymal stem cells and glioma C6 cells formed functionally active gap junctions. Gap junction blockade with connexon inhibitor carbenoxolone attenuated the antitumor effect observed during direct co-culturing of C6 glioma cells and mesenchymal stem cells to the level produced by conditioned medium. Cell-cell signaling mediated by gap junctions can be a mechanism of the tumor-suppressive effect of mesenchymal stem cells against C6 glioma cells. This phenomenon can be used for the development of new methods of cell therapy for high-grade malignant gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Gabashvili
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnologies, Medico-Biological Faculty, N. I. Pirogov National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
| | - V P Baklaushev
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnologies, Medico-Biological Faculty, N. I. Pirogov National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Federal Research-and-Clinical Center, Federal Medico-Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - N F Grinenko
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology, V. P. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - P A Mel'nikov
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnologies, Medico-Biological Faculty, N. I. Pirogov National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - S A Cherepanov
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnologies, Medico-Biological Faculty, N. I. Pirogov National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A B Levinsky
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnologies, Medico-Biological Faculty, N. I. Pirogov National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - V P Chehonin
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnologies, Medico-Biological Faculty, N. I. Pirogov National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology, V. P. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Gabashvili AN, Baklaushev VP, Grinenko NF, Levinskii AB, Mel'nikov PA, Cherepanov SA, Chekhonin VP. Functionally Active Gap Junctions between Connexin 43-Positive Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Glioma Cells. Bull Exp Biol Med 2015; 159:173-9. [PMID: 26033611 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-015-2916-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The formation of functional gap junctions between mesenchymal stem cells and cells of low-grade rat glioma C6 cells was studied in in vitro experiments. Immunocytochemical analysis with antibodies to connexin 43 extracellular loop 2 showed that mesenchymal stem cells as well as C6 glioma cells express the main astroglial gap junction protein connexin 43. Analysis of migration activity showed that mesenchymal stem cells actively migrate towards C6 glioma cells. During co-culturing, mesenchymal stem cells and glioma C6 form functionally active gap junctions mediating the transport of cytoplasmic dye from glioma cells to mesenchymal stem cells in the opposite direction. Fluorometry showed that the intensity of transport of low-molecular substances through heterologous gap junctions between mesenchymal stem cells and glioma cells is similar to that through homologous gap junctions between glioma cells. This phenomenon can be used for the development of new methods of cell therapy of high-grade gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Gabashvili
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnologies, Medico-Biological Faculty, N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia,
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