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Zhu Z, Zhang Y, Huang Z, Hao H, Yan M. Hypoxic culture of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived sEVs prompts peripheral nerve injury repair. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 16:897224. [PMID: 36970310 PMCID: PMC10035596 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.897224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionRepair and regeneration of the peripheral nerve are important for the treatment of peripheral nerve injury (PNI) caused by mechanical tears, external compression injuries and traction injuries. Pharmacological treatment can promote the proliferation of fibroblasts and Schwann cells (SCs), which longitudinally fill the endoneurial canal and form Bungner’s band, helping the repair of peripheral nerves. Therefore, the development of new drugs for the treatment of PNI has become a top priority in recent years.MethodsHere, we report that small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) produced from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-sEVs) cultured under hypoxia promote repair and regeneration of the peripheral nerve in PNI and may be a new therapeutic drug candidate.ResultsThe results showed that the amount of secreted sEVs was significantly increased in UC-MSCs compared with control cells after 48 h of culture at 3% oxygen partial pressure in a serum-free culture system. The identified MSC-sEVs could be taken up by SCs in vitro, promoting the growth and migration of SCs. In a spared nerve injury (SNI) mouse model, MSC-sEVs accelerated the recruitment of SCs at the site of PNI and promoted peripheral nerve repair and regeneration. Notably, repair and regeneration in the SNI mouse model were enhanced by treatment with hypoxic cultured UC-MSC-derived sEVs.DiscussionTherefore, we conclude that hypoxic cultured UC-MSC-derived sEVs may be a promising candidate drug for repair and regeneration in PNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Zhu
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ziying Zhu,
| | - Yujun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihua Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Haojie Hao
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Haojie Hao,
| | - Muyang Yan
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Muyang Yan,
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Nicolay NH, Rühle A, Perez RL, Trinh T, Sisombath S, Weber KJ, Schmezer P, Ho AD, Debus J, Saffrich R, Huber PE. Mesenchymal stem cells exhibit resistance to topoisomerase inhibition. Cancer Lett 2016; 374:75-84. [PMID: 26876302 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhibition of cellular topoisomerases has been established as an effective way of treating certain cancers, albeit with often high levels of toxicity to the bone marrow. While the involvement of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in bone marrow homeostasis and regeneration has been well established, the effects of topoisomerase-inhibiting anticancer agents remain largely unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human bone marrow MSCs were treated with topoisomerase I inhibitor irinotecan or topoisomerase II inhibitor etoposide, and survival and apoptosis levels were measured. The influence of topoisomerase inhibition on cellular morphology, adhesion and migration potential and the ability to differentiate was assessed. Additionally, the role of individual DNA double-strand break repair pathways in MSCs was investigated as a potential cellular mechanism of resistance to topoisomerase inhibitors. RESULTS Human bone marrow MSCs were found relatively resistant to topoisomerase I and II inhibitors and show survival levels comparable to these of differentiated fibroblasts. Treatment with irinotecan or etoposide did not significantly influence cellular adhesion, migratory ability, surface marker expression or induction of apoptosis in human MSCs. The ability to differentiate was found preserved in MSCs after exposure to high doses of irinotecan or etoposide. MSCs were able to efficiently repair DNA double-strand breaks induced by topoisomerase inhibitors both by non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination pathways. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate a topoisomerase-resistant phenotype of human MSCs that may at least in part be due to the stem cells' ability to efficiently remove DNA damage caused by these anticancer agents. The observed resistance of MSCs warrants further investigation of these cells as a potential therapeutic option for treating topoisomerase inhibitor-induced bone marrow damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils H Nicolay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Alexander Rühle
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ramon Lopez Perez
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thuy Trinh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sonevisay Sisombath
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus-Josef Weber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Schmezer
- Department of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anthony D Ho
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Saffrich
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter E Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Buravkova LB, Andreeva ER, Gogvadze V, Zhivotovsky B. Mesenchymal stem cells and hypoxia: where are we? Mitochondrion 2014; 19 Pt A:105-12. [PMID: 25034305 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are involved in the organization and maintenance of tissue integrity. MSCs have also attracted attention as a promising tool for cell therapy and regenerative medicine. However, their usage is limited due to cell impairment induced by an extremely harsh microenvironment during transplantation ex vivo. The microenvironment of MSCs in tissue depots is characterized by rather low oxygen consumption, demonstrating that MSCs might be quite resistant to oxygen limitation. However, accumulated data revealed that the response of MSCs to hypoxic conditions is rather controversial, demonstrating both damaging and ameliorating effects. Here, we make an attempt to summarize recent knowledge on the survival of MSCs under low oxygen conditions of varying duration and severity and to elucidate the mechanisms of MSC resistance/sensitivity to hypoxic impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Buravkova
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Basic Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - E R Andreeva
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - V Gogvadze
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B Zhivotovsky
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
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