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Klavinskis-Whiting S, Bitzenhofer S, Hanganu-Opatz I, Ellender T. Generation and propagation of bursts of activity in the developing basal ganglia. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:10595-10613. [PMID: 37615347 PMCID: PMC10560579 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The neonatal brain is characterized by intermittent bursts of oscillatory activity interspersed by relative silence. Although well-characterized for many cortical areas, to what extent these propagate and interact with subcortical brain areas is largely unknown. Here, early network activity was recorded from the developing basal ganglia, including motor/somatosensory cortex, dorsal striatum, and intralaminar thalamus, during the first postnatal weeks in mice. An unsupervised detection and classification method revealed two main classes of bursting activity, namely spindle bursts and nested gamma spindle bursts, characterized by oscillatory activity at ~ 10 and ~ 30 Hz frequencies, respectively. These were reliably identified across all three brain regions and exhibited region-specific differences in their structural, spectral, and developmental characteristics. Bursts of the same type often co-occurred in different brain regions and coherence and cross-correlation analyses reveal dynamic developmental changes in their interactions. The strongest interactions were seen for cortex and striatum, from the first postnatal week onwards, and cortex appeared to drive burst events in subcortical regions. Together, these results provide the first detailed description of early network activity within the developing basal ganglia and suggest that cortex is one of the main drivers of activity in downstream nuclei during this postnatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sebastian Bitzenhofer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Developmental Neurophysiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ileana Hanganu-Opatz
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Developmental Neurophysiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tommas Ellender
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Rd, Oxford, OX13QT, United Kingdom
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
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2
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Pagnotta MF, Dhamala M, Plomp G. Benchmarking nonparametric Granger causality: Robustness against downsampling and influence of spectral decomposition parameters. Neuroimage 2018; 183:478-494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Pagnotta MF, Dhamala M, Plomp G. Assessing the performance of Granger-Geweke causality: Benchmark dataset and simulation framework. Data Brief 2018; 21:833-851. [PMID: 30417043 PMCID: PMC6216071 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonparametric methods based on spectral factorization offer well validated tools for estimating spectral measures of causality, called Granger–Geweke Causality (GGC). In Pagnotta et al. (2018) [1] we benchmarked nonparametric GGC methods using EEG data recorded during unilateral whisker stimulations in ten rats; here, we include detailed information about the benchmark dataset. In addition, we provide codes for estimating nonparametric GGC and a simulation framework to evaluate the effects on GGC analyses of potential problems, such as the common reference problem, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) differences between channels, and the presence of additive noise. We focus on nonparametric methods here, but these issues also affect parametric methods, which can be tested in our framework as well. Our examples allow showing that time reversal testing for GGC (tr-GGC) mitigates the detrimental effects due to SNR imbalance and presence of mixed additive noise, and illustrate that, when using a common reference, tr-GGC unambiguously detects the causal influence׳s dominant spectral component, irrespective of the characteristics of the common reference signal. Finally, one of our simulations provides an example that nonparametric methods can overcome a pitfall associated with the implementation of conditional GGC in traditional parametric methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia F Pagnotta
- Perceptual Networks Group, Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg CH-1701, Switzerland
| | - Mukesh Dhamala
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.,Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Gijs Plomp
- Perceptual Networks Group, Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg CH-1701, Switzerland
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4
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Khazipov R, Milh M. Early patterns of activity in the developing cortex: Focus on the sensorimotor system. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 76:120-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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5
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Lebedeva J, Zakharov A, Ogievetsky E, Minlebaeva A, Kurbanov R, Gerasimova E, Sitdikova G, Khazipov R. Inhibition of Cortical Activity and Apoptosis Caused by Ethanol in Neonatal Rats In Vivo. Cereb Cortex 2018; 27:1068-1082. [PMID: 26646511 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhv293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption during pregnancy causes fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, which includes neuroapoptosis and neurobehavioral deficits. The neuroapoptotic effects of alcohol have been hypothesized to involve suppression of brain activity. However, in vitro studies suggest that ethanol acts as a potent stimulant of cortical activity. We explored the effects of alcohol (1-6 g/kg) on electrical activity in the rat somatosensory cortex in vivo at postnatal days P1-23 and compared them with its apoptotic actions. At P4-7, when the peak of alcohol-induced apoptosis was observed, alcohol strongly suppressed spontaneous gamma and spindle-bursts and almost completely silenced neurons in a dose-dependent manner. The dose-dependence of suppression of neuronal activity strongly correlated with the alcohol-induced neuroapoptosis. Alcohol also profoundly inhibited sensory-evoked bursts and suppressed motor activity, a physiological trigger of cortical activity bursts in newborns. The suppressive effects of ethanol on neuronal activity waned during the second and third postnatal weeks, when instead of silencing the cortex, alcohol evoked delta-wave electrographic activity. Thus, the effects of alcohol on brain activity are strongly age-dependent, and during the first postnatal week alcohol profoundly inhibits brain activity. Our findings suggest that the adverse effects of alcohol in the developing brain involve suppression of neuronal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Lebedeva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420000, Russia.,INMED, INSERM U-901, Marseille, 13273, France.,Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, 13273, France
| | - Andrei Zakharov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420000, Russia.,Department of Physiology, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, 420012, Russia
| | - Elena Ogievetsky
- INMED, INSERM U-901, Marseille, 13273, France.,Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, 13273, France
| | - Alina Minlebaeva
- INMED, INSERM U-901, Marseille, 13273, France.,Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, 13273, France
| | - Rustem Kurbanov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420000, Russia
| | - Elena Gerasimova
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420000, Russia
| | - Guzel Sitdikova
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420000, Russia
| | - Roustem Khazipov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420000, Russia.,INMED, INSERM U-901, Marseille, 13273, France.,Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, 13273, France
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6
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Suchkov D, Sharipzyanova L, Minlebaev M. Horizontal Synchronization of Neuronal Activity in the Barrel Cortex of the Neonatal Rat by Spindle-Burst Oscillations. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:5. [PMID: 29403359 PMCID: PMC5780442 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
During development, activity in the somatosensory cortex is characterized by intermittent oscillatory bursts at gamma (early gamma-oscillations, EGOs) and alpha–beta (spindle-bursts, SBs) frequencies. Here, we explored the topography of EGOs and SBs in the neighbor barrels of the whisker-related barrel cortex of neonatal rats (P4-7) during responses evoked by simultaneous activation of multiple whiskers as it occurs during natural conditions. We found that brief simultaneous deflection of all whiskers evoked complex neuronal responses comprised of EGOs and SBs. In contrast to EGOs, that specifically synchronized neuronal activity in each individual barrel, SBs efficiently synchronized activity between neighboring barrels. After plucking a single whisker, synchronous stimulation of spared whiskers evoked EGO-lacking responses in the whisker-deprived barrel, even though the remaining neuronal activity was synchronized by SBs in neighboring barrels. Thus, EGOs specifically support topographic synchronization of neuronal activity within barrels, whereas SBs support horizontal synchronization between neighboring barrels during stimulation of multiple whiskers. We suggest that these two co-existing activity patterns coordinate activity-dependent formation of topographic maps and support the emergence of integrative functions in the primary somatosensory cortex during the critical period of somatosensory maps development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii Suchkov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | | | - Marat Minlebaev
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.,INMED-INSERM U901, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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8
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Sensory hypo-excitability in a rat model of fetal development in Fragile X Syndrome. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30769. [PMID: 27465362 PMCID: PMC4964352 DOI: 10.1038/srep30769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is characterized by sensory hyper-sensitivity, and animal models suggest that neuronal hyper-excitability contributes to this phenotype. To understand how sensory dysfunction develops in FXS, we used the rat model (FMR-KO) to quantify the maturation of cortical visual responses from the onset of responsiveness prior to eye-opening, through age equivalents of human juveniles. Rather than hyper-excitability, visual responses before eye-opening had reduced spike rates and an absence of early gamma oscillations, a marker for normal thalamic function at this age. Despite early hypo-excitability, the developmental trajectory of visual responses in FMR-KO rats was normal, and showed the expected loss of visually evoked bursting at the same age as wild-type, two days before eye-opening. At later ages, during the third and fourth post-natal weeks, signs of mild hyper-excitability emerged. These included an increase in the visually-evoked firing of regular spiking, presumptive excitatory, neurons, and a reduced firing of fast-spiking, presumptive inhibitory, neurons. Our results show that early network changes in the FMR-KO rat arise at ages equivalent to fetal humans and have consequences for excitability that are opposite those found in adults. This suggests identification and treatment should begin early, and be tailored in an age-appropriate manner.
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Akhmetshina D, Zakharov A, Vinokurova D, Nasretdinov A, Valeeva G, Khazipov R. The serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram suppresses activity in the neonatal rat barrel cortex in vivo. Brain Res Bull 2016; 124:48-54. [PMID: 27016034 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of serotonin uptake, which causes an increase in extracellular serotonin levels, disrupts the development of thalamocortical barrel maps in neonatal rodents. Previous in vitro studies have suggested that the disruptive effect of excessive serotonin on barrel map formation involves a depression at thalamocortical synapses. However, the effects of serotonin uptake inhibitors on the early thalamocortical activity patterns in the developing barrel cortex in vivo remain largely unknown. Here, using extracellular recordings of the local field potentials and multiple unit activity (MUA) we explored the effects of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram (10-20mg/kg, intraperitoneally) on sensory evoked activity in the barrel cortex of neonatal (postnatal days P2-5) rats in vivo. We show that administration of citalopram suppresses the amplitude and prolongs the delay of the sensory evoked potentials, reduces the power and frequency of the early gamma oscillations, and suppresses sensory evoked and spontaneous neuronal firing. In the adolescent P21-29 animals, citalopram affected neither sensory evoked nor spontaneous activity in barrel cortex. We suggest that suppression of the early thalamocortical activity patterns contributes to the disruption of the barrel map development caused by SSRIs and other conditions elevating extracellular serotonin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrei Zakharov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia; Department of Physiology, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Daria Vinokurova
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Azat Nasretdinov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Guzel Valeeva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.
| | - Roustem Khazipov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia; INMED-INSERM U901, Marseille, France; University Aix-Marseille II, Marseille, France
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10
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Valiullina F, Akhmetshina D, Nasretdinov A, Mukhtarov M, Valeeva G, Khazipov R, Rozov A. Developmental Changes in Electrophysiological Properties and a Transition from Electrical to Chemical Coupling between Excitatory Layer 4 Neurons in the Rat Barrel Cortex. Front Neural Circuits 2016; 10:1. [PMID: 26834567 PMCID: PMC4720737 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2016.00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During development, sensory systems switch from an immature to an adult mode of function along with the emergence of the active cortical states. Here, we used patch-clamp recordings from neocortical slices in vitro to characterize the developmental changes in the basic electrophysiological properties of excitatory L4 neurons and their connectivity before and after the developmental switch, which occurs in the rat barrel cortex in vivo at postnatal day P8. Prior to the switch, L4 neurons had higher resting membrane potentials, higher input resistance, lower membrane capacity, as well as action potentials (APs) with smaller amplitudes, longer durations and higher AP thresholds compared to the neurons after the switch. A sustained firing pattern also emerged around the switch. Dual patch-clamp recordings from L4 neurons revealed that recurrent connections between L4 excitatory cells do not exist before and develop rapidly across the switch. In contrast, electrical coupling between these neurons waned around the switch. We suggest that maturation of electrophysiological features, particularly acquisition of a sustained firing pattern, and a transition from the immature electrical to mature chemical synaptic coupling between excitatory L4 neurons, contributes to the developmental switch in the cortical mode of function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fliza Valiullina
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University Kazan, Russia
| | - Dinara Akhmetshina
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University Kazan, Russia
| | - Azat Nasretdinov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University Kazan, Russia
| | - Marat Mukhtarov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University Kazan, Russia
| | - Guzel Valeeva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University Kazan, Russia
| | - Roustem Khazipov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal UniversityKazan, Russia; Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR901Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille UniversityMarseille, France
| | - Andrei Rozov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal UniversityKazan, Russia; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany
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Clowry GJ, Basuodan R, Chan F. What are the Best Animal Models for Testing Early Intervention in Cerebral Palsy? Front Neurol 2014; 5:258. [PMID: 25538677 PMCID: PMC4255621 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2014.00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interventions to treat cerebral palsy should be initiated as soon as possible in order to restore the nervous system to the correct developmental trajectory. One drawback to this approach is that interventions have to undergo exceptionally rigorous assessment for both safety and efficacy prior to use in infants. Part of this process should involve research using animals but how good are our animal models? Part of the problem is that cerebral palsy is an umbrella term that covers a number of conditions. There are also many causal pathways to cerebral palsy, such as periventricular white matter injury in premature babies, perinatal infarcts of the middle cerebral artery, or generalized anoxia at the time of birth, indeed multiple causes, including intra-uterine infection or a genetic predisposition to infarction, may need to interact to produce a clinically significant injury. In this review, we consider which animal models best reproduce certain aspects of the condition, and the extent to which the multifactorial nature of cerebral palsy has been modeled. The degree to which the corticospinal system of various animal models human corticospinal system function and development is also explored. Where attempts have already been made to test early intervention in animal models, the outcomes are evaluated in light of the suitability of the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin John Clowry
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne , UK
| | - Reem Basuodan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne , UK
| | - Felix Chan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne , UK
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Acetylcholine, GABA and neuronal networks: a working hypothesis for compensations in the dystrophic brain. Brain Res Bull 2014; 110:1-13. [PMID: 25445612 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a genetic disease arising from a mutation in the dystrophin gene, is characterized by muscle failure and is often associated with cognitive deficits. Studies of the dystrophic brain on the murine mdx model of DMD provide evidence of morphological and functional alterations in the central nervous system (CNS) possibly compatible with the cognitive impairment seen in DMD. However, while some of the alterations reported are a direct consequence of the absence of dystrophin, others seem to be associated only indirectly. In this review we reevaluate the literature in order to formulate a possible explanation for the cognitive impairments associated with DMD. We present a working hypothesis, demonstrated as an integrated neuronal network model, according to which within the cascade of events leading to cognitive impairments there are compensatory mechanisms aimed to maintain functional stability via perpetual adjustments of excitatory and inhibitory components. Such ongoing compensatory response creates continuous perturbations that disrupt neuronal functionality in terms of network efficiency. We have theorized that in this process acetylcholine and network oscillations play a central role. A better understating of these mechanisms could provide a useful diagnostic index of the disease's progression and, perhaps, the correct counterbalance of this process might help to prevent deterioration of the CNS in DMD. Furthermore, the involvement of compensatory mechanisms in the CNS could be extended beyond DMD and possibly help to clarify other physio-pathological processes of the CNS.
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