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Canalis E, Yu J, Singh V, Mocarska M, Schilling L. NOTCH2 sensitizes the chondrocyte to the inflammatory response of tumor necrosis factor α. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105372. [PMID: 37865314 PMCID: PMC10692730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch regulates the immune and inflammatory response and has been associated with the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis in humans and preclinical models of the disease. Notch2tm1.1Ecan mice harbor a NOTCH2 gain-of-function and are sensitized to osteoarthritis, but the mechanisms have not been explored. We examined the effects of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) in chondrocytes from Notch2tm1.1Ecan mice and found that NOTCH2 enhanced the effect of TNFα on Il6 and Il1b expression. Similar results were obtained in cells from a conditional model of NOTCH2 gain-of-function, Notch22.1Ecan mice, and following the expression of the NOTCH2 intracellular domain in vitro. Recombination signal-binding protein for immunoglobulin Kappa J region partners with the NOTCH2 intracellular domain to activate transcription; in the absence of Notch signaling it inhibits transcription, and Rbpj inactivation in chondrocytes resulted in Il6 induction. Although TNFα induced IL6 to a greater extent in the context of NOTCH2 activation, there was a concomitant inhibition of Notch target genes Hes1, Hey1, Hey2, and Heyl. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay demonstrated displacement of recombination signal-binding protein for immunoglobulin Kappa J region from DNA binding sites by TNFα explaining the increased Il6 expression and the concomitant decrease in Notch target genes. NOTCH2 enhanced the effect of TNFα on NF-κB signaling, and RNA-Seq revealed increased expression of pathways associated with inflammation and the phagosome in NOTCH2 overexpressing cells in the absence and presence of TNFα. Collectively, NOTCH2 has important interactions with TNFα resulting in the enhanced expression of Il6 and inflammatory pathways in chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Canalis
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA; Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA; UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
| | - Jungeun Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA; UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Vijender Singh
- Computational Biology Core, Institute for System Genomics, UConn, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Magda Mocarska
- UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lauren Schilling
- UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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2
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Association of Systemic Inflammation and Low Performance Status with Reduced Survival Outcome in Older Adults with Cancer. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:2284-2294. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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3
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Lossow K, Kopp JF, Schwarz M, Finke H, Winkelbeiner N, Renko K, Meçi X, Ott C, Alker W, Hackler J, Grune T, Schomburg L, Haase H, Schwerdtle T, Kipp AP. Aging affects sex- and organ-specific trace element profiles in mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:13762-13790. [PMID: 32620712 PMCID: PMC7377894 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A decline of immune responses and dynamic modulation of the redox status are observed during aging and are influenced by trace elements such as copper, iodine, iron, manganese, selenium, and zinc. So far, analytical studies have focused mainly on single trace elements. Therefore, we aimed to characterize age-specific profiles of several trace elements simultaneously in serum and organs of adult and old mice. This allows for correlating multiple trace element levels and to identify potential patterns of age-dependent alterations. In serum, copper and iodine concentrations were increased and zinc concentration was decreased in old as compared to adult mice. In parallel, decreased copper and elevated iron concentrations were observed in liver. The age-related reduction of hepatic copper levels was associated with reduced expression of copper transporters, whereas the increased hepatic iron concentrations correlated positively with proinflammatory mediators and Nrf2-induced ferritin H levels. Interestingly, the age-dependent inverse regulation of copper and iron was unique for the liver and not observed in any other organ. The physiological importance of alterations in the iron/copper ratio for liver function and the aging process needs to be addressed in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Lossow
- Department of Molecular Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany.,German Institute of Human Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany.,TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes F Kopp
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany.,TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Germany
| | - Maria Schwarz
- Department of Molecular Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Germany
| | - Hannah Finke
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Nicola Winkelbeiner
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany.,TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Germany
| | - Kostja Renko
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité University Medical School Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Xheni Meçi
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité University Medical School Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christiane Ott
- German Institute of Human Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany.,DZHK German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wiebke Alker
- TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Germany.,Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julian Hackler
- TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Germany.,Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité University Medical School Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- German Institute of Human Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Lutz Schomburg
- TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Germany.,Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité University Medical School Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hajo Haase
- TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Germany.,Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany.,TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Germany.,German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna P Kipp
- Department of Molecular Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Germany
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mTOR and Aging: An Old Fashioned Dress. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112774. [PMID: 31174250 PMCID: PMC6600378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a physiologic/pathologic process characterized by a progressive impairment of cellular functions, supported by the alterations of several molecular pathways, leading to an increased cell susceptibility to injury. This deterioration is the primary risk factor for several major human pathologies. Numerous cellular processes, including genomic instability, telomere erosion, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient-sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular signal transduction represent common denominators of aging in different organisms. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an evolutionarily conserved nutrient sensing protein kinase that regulates growth and metabolism in all eukaryotic cells. Studies in flies, worms, yeast, and mice support the hypothesis that the mTOR signalling network plays a pivotal role in modulating aging. mTOR is emerging as the most robust mediator of the protective effects of various forms of dietary restriction, which has been shown to extend lifespan and slow the onset of age-related diseases across species. Herein we discuss the role of mTor signalling network in the development of classic age-related diseases, focused on cardiovascular system, immune response, and cancer.
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Dysfunctional peripheral T follicular helper cells dominate in people with impaired influenza vaccine responses: Results from the FLORAH study. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000257. [PMID: 31100059 PMCID: PMC6542545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Antigen-primed cluster of differentiation (CD) 4+ T follicular helper (Tfh) cells interact with B cells in the germinal centers (GCs) of lymph nodes to generate vaccine-induced antibody (Ab) responses. In the circulation, peripheral Tfh (pTfh) cells, a subset of memory CD4 T cells, serve as surrogates for GC Tfh because of several functional and phenotypic similarities between them. We investigated features of H1N1 influenza antigen-specific pTfh (Ag.pTfh) in virologically controlled HIV+ volunteers on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and healthy control (HC) participants selected from a seasonal influenza vaccine responsiveness study. Selection of the participants was made based on age, defined as young (18–40 y) and old (>60 y) and on their classification as a vaccine responder (VR) or vaccine nonresponder (VNR). VRs demonstrated expansion of CD40L+ and CD69+ Ag.pTfh, with induction of intracellular interleukin 21 (IL-21) and inducible costimulator (ICOS) post vaccination; these responses were strongest in young HC VRs and were less prominent in HIV+ individuals of all ages. Ag.pTfh in VNRs exhibited dramatically different characteristics from VRs, displaying an altered phenotype and a cytokine profile dominated by cytokines IL-2, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), or IL-17 but lacking in IL-21. In coculture experiments, sorted pTfh did not support the B cell IgG production in VNRs and were predominantly an inflammatory T helper 1 (Th1)/T helper 17 (Th17) phenotype with lower ICOS and higher programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) expression. Induction of IL-21 and ICOS on Ag.pTfh cells are negatively affected by both aging and HIV infection. Our findings demonstrate that dysfunctional Ag.pTfh cells with an altered IL-21/IL-2 axis contribute to inadequate vaccine responses. Approaches for targeting inflammation or expanding functional Tfh may improve vaccine responses in healthy aging and those aging with HIV infection. This study identifies qualities of flu vaccine-specific T follicular helper cells that are important for vaccine responses, and delineates deficiencies that are associated with impaired vaccine responses in biologic aging and HIV infection in humans.
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Tomato Powder Modulates NF- κB, mTOR, and Nrf2 Pathways during Aging in Healthy Rats. J Aging Res 2019; 2019:1643243. [PMID: 30719353 PMCID: PMC6334329 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1643243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of tomato powder (TP) on glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as oxidative stress and the NF-κB, mTOR, and Nrf2 pathways during the aging process in healthy rats. Methods and Results Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups as follows: (i) Control group 1 (n=15, 3-week old): rats were fed standard diet for 7 weeks; (ii) TP group 1 (n=15, 3-week old): rats were fed standard diet supplemented with TP for 7 weeks; (iii) Control group 2 (n=15, 8-week old): rats were fed standard diet for 69 weeks; and (iv) TP group 2 (8-week old): rats were fed standard diet supplemented with TP for 69 weeks. TP supplementation significantly reduced the hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia and improved liver function and kidney function in 77-week old rats compared with the control animals (P < 0.05). In addition, TP significantly decreased the serum and liver MDA levels (P < 0.003 and P < 0.001, respectively) while increasing the activities of liver SOD (P < 0.001), CAT (P < 0.008), and GPx (P < 0.01) compared with the control groups in both 10-week-old and 77-week-old rats (P < 0.05). Age-related increases in phosphorylation of NF-κBp65, mTOR, 4E-BP1, and P70S6K were observed in livers of 77-week-old rats compared to those of 10-week-old rats (P < 0.001). TP supplementation decreased the expression of NF-κBp65 and activation of mTOR, 4E-BP1, and P70S6K in livers of 77-week-old rats compared to the control animals. Moreover, TP supplementation significantly elevated Nrf2 expression in livers of both 10-week-old and 77-week-old rats (P < 0.05). Conclusion TP ameliorates age-associated inflammation and oxidative stress through the inhibition of NF-κBp65, mTOR pathways, and Nrf2 activation may explain the observed improvement in glucose and lipid metabolism as well as the improved liver and kidney functions.
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Calder PC, Bosco N, Bourdet-Sicard R, Capuron L, Delzenne N, Doré J, Franceschi C, Lehtinen MJ, Recker T, Salvioli S, Visioli F. Health relevance of the modification of low grade inflammation in ageing (inflammageing) and the role of nutrition. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 40:95-119. [PMID: 28899766 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ageing of the global population has become a public health concern with an important socio-economic dimension. Ageing is characterized by an increase in the concentration of inflammatory markers in the bloodstream, a phenomenon that has been termed "inflammageing". The inflammatory response is beneficial as an acute, transient reaction to harmful conditions, facilitating the defense, repair, turnover and adaptation of many tissues. However, chronic and low grade inflammation is likely to be detrimental for many tissues and for normal functions. We provide an overview of low grade inflammation (LGI) and determine the potential drivers and the effects of the "inflamed" phenotype observed in the elderly. We discuss the role of gut microbiota and immune system crosstalk and the gut-brain axis. Then, we focus on major health complications associated with LGI in the elderly, including mental health and wellbeing, metabolic abnormalities and infections. Finally, we discuss the possibility of manipulating LGI in the elderly by nutritional interventions. We provide an overview of the evidence that exists in the elderly for omega-3 fatty acid, probiotic, prebiotic, antioxidant and polyphenol interventions as a means to influence LGI. We conclude that slowing, controlling or reversing LGI is likely to be an important way to prevent, or reduce the severity of, age-related functional decline and the onset of conditions affecting health and well-being; that there is evidence to support specific dietary interventions as a strategy to control LGI; and that a continued research focus on this field is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip C Calder
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Nabil Bosco
- Nestlé Research Center Asia, 21 Biopolis Road, 138567, Singapore
| | | | - Lucile Capuron
- INRA, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology (NutriNeuro), UMR 1286, University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Nathalie Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Catholic University of Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joel Doré
- MetaGénoPolis, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- IRCCS, Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Bologna 40124, Italy
| | - Markus J Lehtinen
- DuPont Nutrition and Health, Global Health and Nutrition Science, 02460 Kantvik, Finland
| | - Tobias Recker
- International Life Sciences Institute European Branch, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Visioli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; IMDEA-Food, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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8
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Han Z, Brown JR, Niederkorn JY. Growth and Metastasis of Intraocular Tumors in Aged Mice. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017; 57:2366-76. [PMID: 27138736 PMCID: PMC4857834 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.16-19156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Since deterioration of the immune apparatus is closely associated with cancer, we examined the effect of aging on the growth and metastasis of intraocular melanomas in mice. Methods Murine B16LS9 melanoma cells were transplanted into the posterior compartment of the eye (vitreous chamber) and intraocular tumor growth and development of liver metastases were evaluated in young (8–10 weeks of age) and old (>18 months of age) mice. Liver metastases were also induced by intrasplenic injection of melanoma cells. Natural killer (NK) cells from the livers of mice harboring liver metastases were evaluated in vitro for their cytolytic activity. Results Tumors grew more rapidly in the eyes of young mice than old mice, yet old mice developed significantly more liver metastases. Increased liver metastasis in old mice was evident even when melanoma cells were injected intrasplenically as a means of bypassing the influence of the ocular immunosuppressive environment. Increased liver metastases in old mice correlated with reduced cytolytic activity of liver NK cells. Lethally irradiated young mice reconstituted with bone marrow from old donors developed significantly more liver metastases than young mice reconstituted with bone marrow from young donors, indicating that bone marrow–derived cells were the root cause of the heightened development of metastases in old mice. Conclusions Aging affects the growth and metastasis of intraocular melanomas. Even though intraocular melanomas grow slower in old mice, the development of liver metastases is exacerbated and correlates with a reduction in liver NK cell activity in the old mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Joseph R Brown
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Jerry Y Niederkorn
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
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Conley MN, Wong CP, Duyck KM, Hord N, Ho E, Sharpton TJ. Aging and serum MCP-1 are associated with gut microbiome composition in a murine model. PeerJ 2016; 4:e1854. [PMID: 27069796 PMCID: PMC4824877 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Age is the primary risk factor for major human chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disorders, cancer, type 2 diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. Chronic, low-grade, systemic inflammation is associated with aging and the progression of immunosenescence. Immunosenescence may play an important role in the development of age-related chronic disease and the widely observed phenomenon of increased production of inflammatory mediators that accompany this process, referred to as “inflammaging.” While it has been demonstrated that the gut microbiome and immune system interact, the relationship between the gut microbiome and age remains to be clearly defined, particularly in the context of inflammation. The aim of our study was to clarify the associations between age, the gut microbiome, and pro-inflammatory marker serum MCP-1 in a C57BL/6 murine model. Results. We used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to profile the composition of fecal microbiota associated with young and aged mice. Our analysis identified an association between microbiome structure and mouse age and revealed specific groups of taxa whose abundances stratify young and aged mice. This includes the Ruminococcaceae, Clostridiaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae. We also profiled pro-inflammatory serum MCP-1 levels of each mouse and found that aged mice exhibited elevated serum MCP-1, a phenotype consistent with inflammaging. Robust correlation tests identified several taxa whose abundance in the microbiome associates with serum MCP-1 status, indicating that they may interact with the mouse immune system. We find that taxonomically similar organisms can exhibit differing, even opposite, patterns of association with the host immune system. We also find that many of the OTUs that associate with serum MCP-1 stratify individuals by age. Discussion. Our results demonstrate that gut microbiome composition is associated with age and the pro-inflammatory marker, serum MCP-1. The correlation between age, relative abundance of specific taxa in the gut microbiome, and serum MCP-1 status in mice indicates that the gut microbiome may play a modulating role in age-related inflammatory processes. These findings warrant further investigation of taxa associated with the inflammaging phenotype and the role of gut microbiome in the health status and immune function of aged individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa N Conley
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; Center for Health Aging Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Carmen P Wong
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University , Corvallis, OR , United States
| | - Kyle M Duyck
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University , Corvallis, OR , United States
| | - Norman Hord
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; Center for Health Aging Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Emily Ho
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; Center for Health Aging Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; Moore Family Center for Whole Grain Foods, Nutrition and Preventive Health, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Thomas J Sharpton
- Center for Health Aging Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
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Grizzi F, Di Caro G, Laghi L, Hermonat P, Mazzola P, Nguyen DD, Radhi S, Figueroa JA, Cobos E, Annoni G, Chiriva-Internati M. Mast cells and the liver aging process. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2013; 10:9. [PMID: 23496863 PMCID: PMC3599827 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4933-10-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
It has now ascertained that the clinical manifestations of liver disease in the elderly population reflect both the cumulative effects of longevity on the liver and the generalized senescence of the organism ability to adjust to metabolic, infectious, and immunologic insults. Although liver tests are not significantly affected by age, the presentation of liver diseases such as viral hepatitis may be subtler in the elderly population than that of younger patients. Human immunosenescence is a situation in which the immune system, particularly T lymphocyte function, deteriorates with age, while innate immunity is negligibly affected and in some cases almost up-regulated. We here briefly review the relationships between the liver aging process and mast cells, the key effectors in a more complex range of innate immune responses than originally though.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Grizzi
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Caro
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Laghi
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paul Hermonat
- Department of Internal medicine and Gene Therapy Program, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Paolo Mazzola
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, and Geriatric Clinic, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Diane D Nguyen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Saba Radhi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Jose A Figueroa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Everardo Cobos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,The Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Giorgio Annoni
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, and Geriatric Clinic, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Maurizio Chiriva-Internati
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,The Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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11
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Whiteside TL, Robinson BW, June CH, Lotze MT. Principles of tumor immunology. Clin Immunol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-7234-3691-1.00090-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Wong CP, Magnusson KR, Ho E. Increased inflammatory response in aged mice is associated with age-related zinc deficiency and zinc transporter dysregulation. J Nutr Biochem 2012; 24:353-9. [PMID: 22981370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2012] [Revised: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a complex process associated with physiological changes in numerous organ systems. In particular, aging of the immune system is characterized by progressive dysregulation of immune responses, resulting in increased susceptibility to infectious diseases, impaired vaccination efficacy and systemic low-grade chronic inflammation. Increasing evidence suggest that intracellular zinc homeostasis, regulated by zinc transporter expression, is critically involved in the signaling and activation of immune cells. We hypothesize that epigenetic alterations and nutritional deficits associated with aging may lead to zinc transporter dysregulation, resulting in decreases in cellular zinc levels and enhanced inflammation with age. The goal of this study was to examine the contribution of age-related zinc deficiency and zinc transporter dysregulation on the inflammatory response in immune cells. The effects of zinc deficiency and age on the induction of inflammatory responses were determined using an in vitro cell culture system and an aged mouse model. We showed that zinc deficiency, particularly the reduction in intracellular zinc in immune cells, was associated with increased inflammation with age. Furthermore, reduced Zip 6 expression enhanced proinflammatory response, and age-specific Zip 6 dysregulation correlated with an increase in Zip 6 promoter methylation. Furthermore, restoring zinc status via dietary supplementation reduced aged-associated inflammation. Our data suggested that age-related epigenetic dysregulation in zinc transporter expression may influence cellular zinc levels and contribute to increased susceptibility to inflammation with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen P Wong
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, OR 97331, USA
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Mazzola P, Radhi S, Mirandola L, Annoni G, Jenkins M, Cobos E, Chiriva-Internati M. Aging, cancer, and cancer vaccines. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2012; 9:4. [PMID: 22510392 PMCID: PMC3353870 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4933-9-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
World population has experienced continuous growth since 1400 A.D. Current projections show a continued increase - but a steady decline in the population growth rate - with the number expected to reach between 8 and 10.5 billion people within 40 years. The elderly population is rapidly rising: in 1950 there were 205 million people aged 60 or older, while in 2000 there were 606 million. By 2050, the global population aged 60 or over is projected to expand by more than three times, reaching nearly 2 billion people [1]. Most cancers are age-related diseases: in the US, 50% of all malignancies occur in people aged 65-95. 60% of all cancers are expected to be diagnosed in elderly patients by 2020 [2]. Further, cancer-related mortality increases with age: 70% of all malignancy-related deaths are registered in people aged 65 years or older [3]. Here we introduce the microscopic aspects of aging, the pro-inflammatory phenotype of the elderly, and the changes related to immunosenescence. Then we deal with cancer disease and its development, the difficulty of treatment administration in the geriatric population, and the importance of a comprehensive geriatric assessment. Finally, we aim to analyze the complex interactions of aging with cancer and cancer vaccinology, and the importance of this last approach as a complementary therapy to different levels of prevention and treatment. Cancer vaccines, in fact, should at present be recommended in association to a stronger cancer prevention and conventional therapies (surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy), both for curative and palliative intent, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality associated to cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Mazzola
- Department of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Geriatric Clinic, San Gerardo University Hospital, Monza, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Saba Radhi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Leonardo Mirandola
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,The Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Giorgio Annoni
- Department of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Geriatric Clinic, San Gerardo University Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Marjorie Jenkins
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,The Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Everardo Cobos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.,The Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Maurizio Chiriva-Internati
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.,The Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
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Cardelli M, Marchegiani F, Provinciali M. Alu insertion profiling: array-based methods to detect Alu insertions in the human genome. Genomics 2012; 99:340-6. [PMID: 22495107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2012.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of the genetic variability associated to Alu sequences was hampered by the absence of genome-wide methodologies able to efficiently detect new polymorphisms/mutations among these repetitive elements. Here we describe two Alu insertion profiling (AIP) methods based on the hybridization of Alu-flanking genomic fragments on tiling microarrays. Protocols are designed to preferentially detect active Alu subfamilies. We tested AIP methods by analyzing chromosomes 1 and 6 in two genomic samples. In genomic regions covered by array-features, with a sensitivity of 2% (AIP1) -4% (AIP2) and 5% (AIP1) -8% (AIP2) for the old J and S Alu lineages respectively, we obtained a sensitivity of 67% (AIP1) -90% (AIP2) for the young Ya subfamily. Among the loci showing sample-to-sample differences, 5 (AIP1) -8 (AIP2) were associated to known Alu polymorphisms. Moreover, we were able to confirm by PCR and DNA sequencing 4 new intragenic Alu elements, polymorphic in 10 additional individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Cardelli
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific Technological Area, INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by an abnormal persistent inflammatory response to noxious environmental stimuli, particularly cigarette smoke. The determinants of the dysregulated immune responses, which play a role both in the onset and continuation of COPD, are largely unknown. We examined several molecular mechanisms regulating the inflammatory pathway, such as cytokine polymorphisms, miRNA expression, and DNA methylation in COPD and aging, with the aim to provide evidence supporting the view that aging of the immune system may predispose to COPD. RECENT FINDINGS The incidence of COPD increases with age. The pathogenesis of the disease is linked to a chronic inflammation and involves the recruitment and regulation of innate and adaptive immune cells. A chronic systemic inflammation characterizes aging and has been correlated with many diseases, most of them age-related. SUMMARY COPD and aging are associated with significant dysregulation of the immune system that leads to a chronic inflammatory response. The similar molecular mechanisms and the common genetic signature shared by COPD and aging suggest that immunosenescence may contribute to the development of COPD.
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Reinhardt HC, Schumacher B. The p53 network: cellular and systemic DNA damage responses in aging and cancer. Trends Genet 2012; 28:128-36. [PMID: 22265392 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2011.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 327] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Genome instability contributes to cancer development and accelerates age-related pathologies as evidenced by a variety of congenital cancer susceptibility and progeroid syndromes that are caused by defects in genome maintenance mechanisms. DNA damage response (DDR) pathways that are mediated through the tumor suppressor p53 play an important role in the cell-intrinsic responses to genome instability, including a transient cell cycle arrest, senescence and apoptosis. Both senescence and apoptosis are powerful tumor-suppressive pathways preventing the uncontrolled proliferation of transformed cells. However, both pathways can potentially deplete stem and progenitor cell pools, thus promoting tissue degeneration and organ failure, which are both hallmarks of aging. p53 signaling is also involved in mediating non-cell-autonomous interactions with the innate immune system and in the systemic adjustments during the aging process. The network of p53 target genes thus functions as an important regulator of cancer prevention and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Christian Reinhardt
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany.
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Wong CP, Ho E. Zinc and its role in age-related inflammation and immune dysfunction. Mol Nutr Food Res 2011; 56:77-87. [PMID: 22076675 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201100511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Zinc is an essential micronutrient required for many cellular processes, especially for the normal development and function of the immune system. Zinc homeostasis and signaling are critical in immune activation, and an imbalance in zinc homeostasis is associated with the development of chronic diseases. Zinc deficiency causes significant impairment in both adaptive and innate immune responses, and promotes systemic inflammation. The elderly are a population particularly susceptible to zinc deficiency. National surveys indicate that a significant portion of the aged population has inadequate zinc intake, and a decline in zinc status is observed with age. There are remarkable similarities between the hallmarks of zinc deficiency and immunological dysfunction in aged individuals. Both zinc deficiency and the aging process are characterized by impaired immune responses and systemic low grade chronic inflammation. It has been hypothesized that age-related zinc deficiency may be an important factor contributing to immune dysfunction and chronic inflammation during the aging process. In this review, we discuss the effects of zinc status on aging, potential molecular and epigenetic mechanisms contributing to age-related decline in zinc status, and the role of zinc in age-related immune dysfunction and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen P Wong
- School of Biological & Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, OR 97331, USA
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Ongrádi J, Kövesdi V. Numerical alterations of ageing B lymphocyte subsets (Review). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 98:99-104. [DOI: 10.1556/aphysiol.98.2011.2.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Aging and cancer: can mTOR inhibitors kill two birds with one drug? Target Oncol 2011; 6:41-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s11523-011-0168-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Odetti P, Bergamini E. Biogerontology in Italy. Biogerontology 2010; 12:61-9. [PMID: 21153704 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-010-9312-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In this paper experimental gerontology in Italy is reviewed on the basis of research developed in Academic and non Academic Centres. There are several groups across Italy working actively on basic science of aging producing high impact papers with a significant contribution to biogerontology. Some distinguished Italian scientist working abroad is also mentioned. Interesting issues on longevity and interventions on aging (including caloric restriction) and on aging brain are quoted. Relevant studies encompass the (glyco-)oxidative stress as direct damage mechanism and main process of theory of aging, other research lines include IGF-1, mitochondria DNA, obesity/sarcopenia and exercise and also an animal model for aging studies is reported. Notwithstanding financial restrictions and structure deficit the biogerontology research in Italy could be judged as good, but additional resources are necessary to keep this good rank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizio Odetti
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties-Section of Geriatrics, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy.
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Gosslau A, Li S, Ho CT, Chen KY, Rawson NE. The importance of natural product characterization in studies of their anti-inflammatory activity. Mol Nutr Food Res 2010; 55:74-82. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201000455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Revised: 10/31/2010] [Accepted: 11/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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