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Gémez-Mata J, Álvarez-Torres D, García-Rosado E, Alonso MC, Béjar J. Comparative analysis of marine and freshwater viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) isolates antagonistic activity. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 69:101426. [PMID: 32014622 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2020.101426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia Virus (VHSV) isolates virulent to marine fish species can replicate in freshwater species, although producing little or no mortality. Conversely, isolates from freshwater fish do not cause disease in marine species. An inverse relationship between VHSV virulence and host mx gene up-regulation has been described for several fish species, suggesting that differences between the antagonistic activity exerted by these isolates might be involved in the outcome of infections. In this study, the antagonistic activity against the type I interferon system of two representative marine and freshwater VHSV isolates has been characterised using RTG-2 cells stably transfected with the luciferase gene under the control of the Senegalese sole mx (ssmx) promoter, RTG pssmx-luc cells. Both isolates exerted a dose-dependent negative effect on the activation of ssmx promoter, showing a notably different minimal viral dose to exert the antagonism. In particular, an inverse relationship between the minimal MOI required and the viral virulence to sole has been recorded, which suggests this parameter as a possible in vivo VHSV virulence marker. Furthermore, the quantification of the endogenous inf I, mx1 and mx3 mRNA has demonstrated differences between both isolates in their antagonistic activity. Besides, a different nv RNA kinetics, which seems to depend on specific cellular factors, has been recorded for both isolates. This knowledge could contribute to the development of efficient tools to fight against viral infections in fish farming. For that purpose, the RTG pssmx-luc cells may be a suitable in vitro tool to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying VHSV-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Gémez-Mata
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul, IBYDA, Área De Genética, Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, 29071, Málaga, Spain; Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul, IBYDA Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Daniel Álvarez-Torres
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul, IBYDA, Área De Genética, Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, 29071, Málaga, Spain; Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul, IBYDA Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Esther García-Rosado
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul, IBYDA Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - M Carmen Alonso
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul, IBYDA Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Julia Béjar
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul, IBYDA, Área De Genética, Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, 29071, Málaga, Spain.
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