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Feng T, Zhao J, Bai YF, Chu J, Wang YH, Zhuang YP. Effect of temperature on synthesis of clavulanic acid and impurity substance G during fermentation by Streptomyces clavuligerus. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 52:937-941. [PMID: 34871519 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2021.2009860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Effect of temperature on synthesis of Clavulanic acid (CA) and impurity substance G during fermentation by Streptomyces clavuligerus were investigated. Results show that fermentation at 24 °C is the most favorable for CA synthesis though the fermentation duration was 20-30 hours longer than fermentation at 26 and 28 °C. Meanwhile, the impurity substance G was only 110 mg/L in the end broth of fermentation at 24 °C, which was significantly lower than 148 and 180 mg/L of fermentation at 26 and 28 °C, respectively. Correlation of specific growth rate and CA synthesis was statistically analyzed based on data of 10 batches of industrial fermentation. Two temperature-shift strategies were investigated in 50 L fermenter. Fermentation with 26-24 °C temperature strategy achieved 5097 mg/L CA titer, meanwhile the fermentation duration was shortened 24 hours comparing with fermentation at constant 24 °C. Fermentation with 26-24 °C control strategy was validated in a 60 m3 industrial fermenter, in which 4960 mg/L of CA was achieved while impurity G substance was decreased to titer 65 mg/L from 200 to 300 mg/L of normal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic China.,Sinopharm Weiqida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., DaTong, Shanxi Province, People's Republic China
| | - Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic China
| | - Yan-Feng Bai
- Sinopharm Weiqida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., DaTong, Shanxi Province, People's Republic China
| | - Ju Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic China
| | - Yong-Hong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic China
| | - Ying-Ping Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic China
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Feng T, Zhao J, Chu J, Wang YH, Zhuang YP. Statistical Optimizing of Medium for Clavulanic Acid Production by Streptomyces clavuligerus Using Response Surface Methodology. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:3936-3948. [PMID: 34436750 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03627-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Clavulanic acid (CA) is a naturally occurring antibiotic produced by Streptomyces clavuligerus. Statistical optimization of the fermentation medium for CA production by Streptomyces clavuligerus was carried out. Multiple carbon sources, glycerol, dextrin, and triolein, were considered simultaneously. A two-level fractional factorial design experiment was conducted to identify the significant components of medium on CA production. Statistical analysis of the results showed that soybean meal, dextrin, and triolein were the most significant medium ingredients on CA production. The optimal level of these screened components was obtained by RSM based on the result of a Box-Behnken design, in which the values of dextrin, soybean meal, and triolein in CA fermentation medium were 12.37 g/L, 39.75 g/L, and 26.98 ml/L, respectively. Using the proposed optimized medium, the model predicted 938 mg/L of CA level and via experimental rechecking the model, 946 mg/L of CA level was attained in shake flask fermentation, significantly high than 630 mg/L of original medium. The optimized medium was further verified in 50-L stirred fermenter, and compared with performance of original medium in parallel, CA titer was increased from 889 to 1310 mg/L; a 47% increase was achieved through medium optimization by statistical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Sinopharm Weiqida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, No.1 Medical Park, Datong Economic Development Zone, Datong, Shanxi Province, 037300, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ju Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong-Hong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Ping Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Gómez-Ríos D, Junne S, Neubauer P, Ochoa S, Ríos-Estepa R, Ramírez-Malule H. Characterization of the Metabolic Response of Streptomyces clavuligerus to Shear Stress in Stirred Tanks and Single-Use 2D Rocking Motion Bioreactors for Clavulanic Acid Production. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 8:antibiotics8040168. [PMID: 31569725 PMCID: PMC6963652 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8040168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces clavuligerus is a gram-positive filamentous bacterium notable for producing clavulanic acid (CA), an inhibitor of β-lactamase enzymes, which confers resistance to bacteria against several antibiotics. Here we present a comparative analysis of the morphological and metabolic response of S. clavuligerus linked to the CA production under low and high shear stress conditions in a 2D rocking-motion single-use bioreactor (CELL-tainer ®) and stirred tank bioreactor (STR), respectively. The CELL-tainer® guarantees high turbulence and enhanced volumetric mass transfer at low shear stress, which (in contrast to bubble columns) allows the investigation of the impact of shear stress without oxygen limitation. The results indicate that high shear forces do not compromise the viability of S. clavuligerus cells; even higher specific growth rate, biomass, and specific CA production rate were observed in the STR. Under low shear forces in the CELL-tainer® the mycelial diameter increased considerably (average diameter 2.27 in CELL-tainer® vs. 1.44 µm in STR). This suggests that CA production may be affected by a lower surface-to-volume ratio which would lead to lower diffusion and transport of nutrients, oxygen, and product. The present study shows that there is a strong correlation between macromorphology and CA production, which should be an important aspect to consider in industrial production of CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Gómez-Ríos
- Grupo de Investigación en Simulación, Diseño, Control y Optimización de Procesos (SIDCOP), Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
| | - Stefan Junne
- Bioprocess Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, D-13355 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Peter Neubauer
- Bioprocess Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, D-13355 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Silvia Ochoa
- Grupo de Investigación en Simulación, Diseño, Control y Optimización de Procesos (SIDCOP), Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
| | - Rigoberto Ríos-Estepa
- Grupo de Bioprocesos, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
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An enhanced genome-scale metabolic reconstruction of Streptomyces clavuligerus identifies novel strain improvement strategies. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2018; 41:657-669. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-018-1900-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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KURT KIZILDOĞAN A, VANLI JACCARD G, MUTLU A, SERTDEMİR İ, ÖZCENGİZ G. Genetic engineering of an industrial strain of Streptomyces clavuligerusfor further enhancement of clavulanic acid production. Turk J Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.3906/biy-1608-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Ünsaldı E, Kurt-Kızıldoğan A, Voigt B, Becher D, Özcengiz G. Proteome-wide alterations in an industrial clavulanic acid producing strain of Streptomyces clavuligerus. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2016; 2:39-48. [PMID: 29062960 PMCID: PMC5625738 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The usefulness of genetic/metabolic engineering for further improvement of industrial strains is subject of discussion because of the general lack of knowledge on genetic alterations introduced by iterative cycles of random mutagenesis in such strains. An industrial clavulanic acid (CA)-overproducer Streptomyces clavuligerus DEPA was assessed to understand proteome-wide changes that have occurred in a local industrial CA overproducer developed through succesive mutagenesis programs. The proteins that could be identified corresponded to 33 distinct ORFs for underrepresented ones and 60 ORFs for overrepresented ones. Three CA biosynthetic enzymes were overrepresented in S. clavuligerus DEPA; carboxyethylarginine synthase (Ceas2), clavaldehyde dehydrogenase (Car) and carboxyethyl-arginine beta-lactam-synthase (Bls2) whereas the enzymes of two other secondary metabolites were underrepresented along with two important global regulators [two-component system (TCS) response regulator (SCLAV_2102) and TetR-family transcriptional regulator (SCLAV_3146)] that might be related with CA production and/or differentiation. γ-butyrolactone biosynthetic protein AvaA2 was 2.6 fold underrepresented in S. clavuligerus DEPA. The levels of two glycolytic enzymes, 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase and phosophoglycerate kinase were found decreased while those of dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (E3) and isocitrate dehydrogenase, with two isoforms were found as significantly increased. A decrease of amino acid metabolism, methionine biosynthesis in particular, as well as S-adenosylmethionine synthetase appeared as one of the prominent mechanisms of success of S. clavuligerus DEPA strain as a prolific producer of CA. The levels of two enzymes of shikimate pathway that leads to the production of aromatic amino acids and aromatic secondary metabolites were also underrepresented. Some of the overrepresented stress proteins in S. clavuligerus DEPA included polynucleotide phosphorylase/polyadenylase (PNPase), ATP-dependent DNA helicase, two isoforms of an anti-sigma factor and thioredoxin reductase. Downregulation of important proteins of cell wall synthesis and division was recorded and a protein with β-lactamase domain (SCLAV_p1007) appeared in 12 isoforms, 5 of which were drastically overrepresented in DEPA strain. These results described herein provide useful information for rational engineering to improve CA production in Streptomyces clavuligerus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eser Ünsaldı
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aslıhan Kurt-Kızıldoğan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55139, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Birgit Voigt
- Institute of Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University of Greifswald, D-17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dörte Becher
- Institute of Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University of Greifswald, D-17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Gülay Özcengiz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
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Park JM, Choi SU. Identification of a novel unpaired histidine sensor kinase affecting secondary metabolism and morphological differentiation in Streptomyces acidiscabies ATCC 49003. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2015; 60:279-87. [PMID: 25821125 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-015-0383-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Two-component systems (TCSs) are an important signaling transduction pathway that adapt to changing environments. Commonly, a TCS comprises a sensor kinase that is usually an integral membrane histidine sensor kinase and a response regulator that mediates the cellular responses. Presently, however, we cloned a novel sensor kinase gene (tcsK) that is not adjacent to its cognate response regulator from Streptomyces acidiscabies that produces two secondary metabolites, thaxtomin A and WS5995B, and identified its functional involvement in the production of secondary metabolites and morphological differentiation. The elevated expression and disruption of the tcsK gene enhanced 7.1-fold and almost abolished WS5995B production in S. acidiscabies, respectively, but did not affect the production of thaxtomin A. In addition, spore formation of S. acidiscabies was decreased 120-fold by the disruption of tcsK, and the actinorhodin production of Streptomyces lividans TK24 was increased 5.7-fold by the high expression of tcsK. These results indicate that the novel unpaired tcsK gene may be related to the control of secondary metabolite production and spore formation in actinomycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Min Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungnam University, Changwon, 631-701, Republic of Korea
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Paradkar A. Clavulanic acid production by Streptomyces clavuligerus: biogenesis, regulation and strain improvement. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2013; 66:411-20. [DOI: 10.1038/ja.2013.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Recent advances in the biosynthesis of penicillins, cephalosporins and clavams and its regulation. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 31:287-311. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Hamed RB, Gomez-Castellanos JR, Henry L, Ducho C, McDonough MA, Schofield CJ. The enzymes of β-lactam biosynthesis. Nat Prod Rep 2013; 30:21-107. [DOI: 10.1039/c2np20065a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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