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Arasi MB, De Luca G, Chronopoulou L, Pedini F, Petrucci E, Flego M, Stringaro A, Colone M, Pasquini L, Spada M, Lulli V, Perrotta MC, Calin GA, Palocci C, Biffoni M, Felicetti F, Felli N. MiR126-targeted-nanoparticles combined with PI3K/AKT inhibitor as a new strategy to overcome melanoma resistance. Mol Ther 2024; 32:152-167. [PMID: 37990493 PMCID: PMC10787166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic melanoma poses significant challenges as a highly lethal disease. Despite the success of molecular targeting using BRAFV600E inhibitors (BRAFis) and immunotherapy, the emergence of early recurrence remains an issue and there is the need for novel therapeutic approaches. This study aimed at creating a targeted delivery system for the oncosuppressor microRNA 126 (miR126) and testing its effectiveness in combination with a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (AKT) inhibitor for treating metastatic melanoma resistant to BRAFis. To achieve this, we synthesized chitosan nanoparticles containing a chemically modified miR126 sequence. These nanoparticles were further functionalized with an antibody specific to the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) melanoma marker. After evaluation in vitro, the efficacy of this treatment was evaluated through an in vivo experiment using mice bearing resistant human melanoma. The co-administration of miR126 and the PI3K/AKT inhibitor in these experiments significantly reduced tumor growth and inhibited the formation of liver and lung metastases. These results provide evidence for a strategy to target an oncosuppressive nucleic acid sequence to tumor cells while simultaneously protecting it from plasma degradation. The system described in this study exhibits encouraging potential for the effective treatment of therapy-resistant metastatic melanoma while also presenting a prospective approach for other forms of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Beatrice Arasi
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele De Luca
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Chronopoulou
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Research Center for Applied Sciences to the safeguard of Environment and Cultural Heritage (CIABC) Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Pedini
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Petrucci
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Flego
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Annarita Stringaro
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marisa Colone
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Pasquini
- Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Spada
- Center of Animal Research and Welfare, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Lulli
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Perrotta
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - George Adrian Calin
- Translational Molecular Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas State University, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The RNA Interference and Non-coding RNA Center, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas State University, Houston, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cleofe Palocci
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Research Center for Applied Sciences to the safeguard of Environment and Cultural Heritage (CIABC) Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Biffoni
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Felicetti
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Nadia Felli
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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Chronopoulou L, Falasca F, Di Fonzo F, Turriziani O, Palocci C. siRNA Transfection Mediated by Chitosan Microparticles for the Treatment of HIV-1 Infection of Human Cell Lines. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15155340. [PMID: 35955275 PMCID: PMC9369812 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Gene delivery is the basis for developing gene therapies that, in the future, may be able to cure virtually any disease, including viral infections. The use of short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting viral replication is a novel strategy for treating HIV-1 infection. In this study, we prepared chitosan particles containing siRNA tat/rev via ionotropic gelation. Chitosan-based particles were efficiently internalized by cells, as evidenced by fluorescence microscopy. The antiviral effect of chitosan-based particles was studied on the C8166 cell line infected with HIV-1 and compared with the use of commercial liposomes (ESCORT). A significant reduction in HIV replication was also observed in cells treated with empty chitosan particles, suggesting that chitosan may interfere with the early steps of the HIV life cycle and have a synergic effect with siRNA to reduce viral replication significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Falasca
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (O.T.)
| | - Federica Di Fonzo
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ombretta Turriziani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (O.T.)
| | - Cleofe Palocci
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- CIABC-Centro di Ricerca per le Scienze Applicate alla Protezione dell’Ambiente e dei Beni Culturali, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0649913317
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Dholakia J, Cohen AC, Leath CA, Evans ET, Alvarez RD, Thaker PH. Development of Delivery Systems for Local Administration of Cytokines/Cytokine Gene-Directed Therapeutics: Modern Oncologic Implications. Curr Oncol Rep 2022; 24:389-397. [PMID: 35141857 PMCID: PMC10466172 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-022-01221-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review, we discuss modern cytokine delivery systems in oncologic care, focusing on modalities being developed in the clinical trials or currently in use. These include pegylation, immune-cytokine drug conjugates, cytokine-expressing plasmid nanoparticles, nonviral cytokine nanoparticles, viral systems, and AcTakines. RECENT FINDINGS Cytokine therapy has the potential to contribute to cancer treatment options by modulating the immune system towards an improved antitumor response and has shown promise both independently and in combination with other immunotherapy agents. Despite promising preliminary studies, systemic toxicities and challenges with administration have limited the impact of unmodified cytokine therapy. In the last decade, novel delivery systems have been developed to address these challenges and facilitate cytokine-based oncologic treatments. Novel delivery systems provide potential solutions to decrease dose-limiting side effects, facilitate administration, and increase the therapeutic activity of cytokine treatments in oncology care. The expanding clinical and translational research in these systems provides an opportunity to augment the armamentarium of immune oncology and may represent the next frontier of cytokine-based immuno-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhalak Dholakia
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Alabama Division of Gynecologic Oncology, 1700 6th Avenue South, Room 10250, Birmingham, AL, 35249-7333, USA.
| | - Alexander C Cohen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis Division of Gynecologic Oncology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Charles A Leath
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Alabama Division of Gynecologic Oncology, 1700 6th Avenue South, Room 10250, Birmingham, AL, 35249-7333, USA
| | - Elizabeth T Evans
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Alabama Division of Gynecologic Oncology, 1700 6th Avenue South, Room 10250, Birmingham, AL, 35249-7333, USA
| | - Ronald D Alvarez
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Premal H Thaker
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis Division of Gynecologic Oncology, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Wu K, Liu M, Li N, Zhang L, Meng F, Zhao L, Liu M, Zhang Y. Chitosan-miRNA functionalized microporous titanium oxide surfaces via a layer-by-layer approach with a sustained release profile for enhanced osteogenic activity. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:127. [PMID: 32907598 PMCID: PMC7487814 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00674-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biofunctionalization of titanium implants for high osteogenic ability is a promising approach for the development of advanced implants to promote osseointegration, especially in compromised bone conditions. In this study, polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) were fabricated using the layer-by-layer approach with a chitosan-miRNA (CS-miRNA) complex and sodium hyaluronate (HA) as the positively and negatively charged polyelectrolytes on microarc-oxidized (MAO) Ti surfaces via silane-glutaraldehyde coupling. METHODS Dynamic contact angle and scanning electron microscopy measurements were conducted to monitor the layer accumulation. RiboGreen was used to quantify the miRNA loading and release profile in phosphate-buffered saline. The in vitro transfection efficiency and the cytotoxicity were investigated after seeding mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the CS-antimiR-138/HA PEM-functionalized microporous Ti surface. The in vitro osteogenic differentiation of the MSCs and the in vivo osseointegration were also evaluated. RESULTS The surface wettability alternately changed during the formation of PEMs. The CS-miRNA nanoparticles were distributed evenly across the MAO surface. The miRNA loading increased with increasing bilayer number. More importantly, a sustained miRNA release was obtained over a timeframe of approximately 2 weeks. In vitro transfection revealed that the CS-antimiR-138 nanoparticles were taken up efficiently by the cells and caused significant knockdown of miR-138 without showing significant cytotoxicity. The CS-antimiR-138/HA PEM surface enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in terms of enhanced alkaline phosphatase, collagen production and extracellular matrix mineralization. Substantially enhanced in vivo osseointegration was observed in the rat model. CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrated that the novel CS-antimiR-138/HA PEM-functionalized microporous Ti implant exhibited sustained release of CS-antimiR-138, and notably enhanced the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MSCs and in vivo osseointegration. This novel miRNA-functionalized Ti implant may be used in the clinical setting to allow for more effective and robust osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaimin Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Navy 971st Hospital, No. 22 Minjiang Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- Oral Research Center, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Nan Li
- Third Department of Cadre's Ward, Navy 971st Hospital, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fanhui Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Lingzhou Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Navy 971st Hospital, No. 22 Minjiang Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Yumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Shao X, Xie Y, Zhang Y, Liu J, Ding Y, Wu M, Wang X, Deng X. Novel therapeutic strategies for treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 15:1403-1423. [PMID: 32880507 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1803274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Persistent infections caused by the superbug Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents are huge threats to patients with cystic fibrosis as well as those with compromised immune systems. Multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa has posed a major challenge to conventional antibiotics and therapeutic approaches, which show limited efficacy and cause serious side effects. The public demand for new antibiotics is enormous; yet, drug development pipelines have started to run dry with limited targets available for inventing new antibacterial drugs. Consequently, it is important to uncover potential therapeutic targets. AREAS COVERED The authors review the current state of drug development strategies that are promising in terms of the development of novel and potent drugs to treat P. aeruginosa infection. EXPERT OPINION The prevention of P. aeruginosa infection is increasingly challenging. Furthermore, targeting key virulence regulators has great potential for developing novel anti-P. aeruginosa drugs. Additional promising strategies include bacteriophage therapy, immunotherapies, and antimicrobial peptides. Additionally, the authors believe that in the coming years, the overall network of molecular regulatory mechanism of P. aeruginosa virulence will be fully elucidated, which will provide more novel and promising drug targets for treating P. aeruginosa infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Shao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yingpeng Xie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yingchao Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jingui Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yiqing Ding
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota , Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xin Deng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong , Shenzhen, China
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Dos Santos Rodrigues B, Banerjee A, Kanekiyo T, Singh J. Functionalized liposomal nanoparticles for efficient gene delivery system to neuronal cell transfection. Int J Pharm 2019; 566:717-730. [PMID: 31202901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Liposome based delivery systems provide a promising strategy for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. A rational design of brain-targeted liposomes can support the development of more efficient treatments with drugs and gene materials. Here, we characterized surface modified liposomes with transferrin (Tf) protein and penetratin (Pen), a cell-penetrating peptide, for efficient and targeted gene delivery to brain cells. PenTf-liposomes efficiently encapsulated plasmid DNA, protected them against enzymatic degradation and exhibited a sustained in vitro release kinetics. The formulation demonstrated low cytotoxicity and was non-hemolytic. Liposomes were internalized into cells mainly through energy-dependent pathways especially clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Reporter gene transfection and consequent protein expression in different cell lines were significantly higher using PenTf-liposomes compared to unmodified liposomes. The ability of these liposomes to escape from endosomes can be an important factor which may have likely contributed to the high transfection efficiency observed. Rationally designed bifunctional targeted-liposomes provide an efficient tool for improving the targetability and efficacy of synthesized delivery systems. This investigation of liposomal properties attempted to address cell differences, as well as, vector differences, in gene transfectability. The findings indicate that PenTf-liposomes can be a safe and non-invasive approach to transfect neuronal cells through multiple endocytosis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Dos Santos Rodrigues
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - Amrita Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - Takahisa Kanekiyo
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Jagdish Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA.
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Arathi G, Rajakumaran A, Divya S, Malathi N, Saranya V, Kandaswamy D. Comparison of penetrating depth of chlorhexidine and chitosan into dentinal tubules with and without the effect of ultrasonic irrigation. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2019; 23:389-392. [PMID: 31942119 PMCID: PMC6948069 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_194_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Long term success of root canal treatment depends on complete removal of micro-organisms and their by-products. This can be effectively achieved by the ability of the irrigant to penetrate into the dentinal tubules, which is limited in the conventional mechanical debridement of the root canal system. Irrigant activation technique aids in movement of irrigants into the dentinal tubules. Aim: To compare the depth of penetration of root canal irrigants into the dentinal tubules with and without ultrasonics using light microscope. Materials and Methods: Forty noncarious mandibular premolars were used, all the tooth specimens were inoculated with an ATCC 29212 strain of E.faecalis and incubated under nutrient rich aerobic conditions at 37°C. Teeth were sectioned below the cementoenamel junction to obtain a standard length of 8 mm and instrumented with K-files, irrigated with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite and a final rinse of 17% EDTA. Teeth were divided into four groups of ten each. Group IA was irrigated with 2% Chlorhexidine (CHX) and agitated ultrasonically, Group IB was irrigated with 2% Chlorhexidine, Group IC was irrigated with 2% Chitosan and ultrasonically agitated, Group ID was irrigated with 2 % Chitosan. The tooth specimens were sectioned and subjected to gram staining and viewed under 100X oil immersion microscope. A micrometer grid was attached to the eyepiece to enable measurement of the depth of penetration of the irrigants. Group IA (2% Chlorhexidine with ultrasonic agitation) showed better penetration into the dentinal tubules as compared to Groups IB, IC, ID. Results: Irrigation with 2% Chlorhexidine with ultrasonic agitation had depth of penetration into the dentinal tubules upto 2350 μm. 2% Chlorhexidine without ultrasonic agitation penetrated upto 1800 μm. Chitosan with ultrasonic agitation penetrated upto1250 μm and Chitosan without ultrasonic agitation penetrated upto 44.80 μm. Conclusion: 2% Chlorexidine as irrigant with ultrasonic agitation was found to have maximum depth of penetration into the dentinal tubules when compared with Chitosan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Arathi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arasappan Rajakumaran
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sinha Divya
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Narasimhan Malathi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Varadarajan Saranya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deivanayagam Kandaswamy
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Dos Santos Rodrigues B, Oue H, Banerjee A, Kanekiyo T, Singh J. Dual functionalized liposome-mediated gene delivery across triple co-culture blood brain barrier model and specific in vivo neuronal transfection. J Control Release 2018; 286:264-278. [PMID: 30071253 PMCID: PMC6138570 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy has become a promising approach for neurodegenerative disease treatment, however there is an urgent need to develop an efficient gene carrier to transport gene across the blood brain barrier (BBB). In this study, we strategically designed dual functionalized liposomes for efficient neuronal transfection by combining transferrin (Tf) receptor targeting and enhanced cell penetration utilizing penetratin (Pen). A triple cell co-culture model of BBB confirmed the ability of the liposomes to cross the barrier layer and transfect primary neuronal cells. In vivo quantification of PenTf-liposomes demonstrated expressive accumulation in the brain (12%), without any detectable cellular damage or morphological change. The efficacy of these nanoparticles containing plasmid β-galactosidase in modulating transfection was assessed by β-galactosidase expression in vivo. As a consequence of accumulation in the brain, PenTf-liposomes significantly induced gene expression in mice. Immunofluorescence studies of brain sections of mice after tail vein injection of liposomes encapsulating pDNA encoding GFP (pGFP) illustrate the superior ability of dual-functionalized liposomes to accumulate in the brain and transfect neurons. Taken together, the multifunctional liposomes provide an excellent gene delivery platform for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Dos Santos Rodrigues
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - Hiroshi Oue
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Amrita Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - Takahisa Kanekiyo
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Jagdish Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA.
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Abstract
Electrotransfection (ET) is a nonviral method for delivery of various types of molecules into cells both in vitro and in vivo. Close to 90 clinical trials that involve the use of ET have been performed, and approximately half of them are related to cancer treatment. Particularly, ET is an attractive technique for cancer immunogene therapy because treatment of cells with electric pulses alone can induce immune responses to solid tumors, and the responses can be further enhanced by ET of plasmid DNA (pDNA) encoding therapeutic genes. Compared to other gene delivery methods, ET has several unique advantages. It is relatively inexpensive, flexible, and safe in clinical applications, and introduces only naked pDNA into cells without the use of additional chemicals or viruses. However, the efficiency of ET is still low, partly because biological mechanisms of ET in cells remain elusive. In previous studies, it was believed that pDNA entered the cells through transient pores created by electric pulses. As a result, the technique is commonly referred to as electroporation. However, recent discoveries have suggested that endocytosis plays an important role in cellular uptake and intracellular transport of electrotransfected pDNA. This review will discuss current progresses in the study of biological mechanisms underlying ET and future directions of research in this area. Understanding the mechanisms of pDNA transport in cells is critical for the development of new strategies for improving the efficiency of gene delivery in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa D Cervia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
| | - Fan Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
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Keles E, Song Y, Du D, Dong WJ, Lin Y. Recent progress in nanomaterials for gene delivery applications. Biomater Sci 2018; 4:1291-309. [PMID: 27480033 DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00441e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology-based gene delivery is the division of nanomedicine concerned with the synthesis, characterization, and functionalization of nanomaterials to be used in targeted-gene delivery applications. Nanomaterial-based gene delivery systems hold great promise for curing fatal inherited and acquired diseases, including neurological disorders, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, their use in clinical applications is still controversial. To date, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved any gene delivery system because of the unknown long-term toxicity and the low gene transfection efficiency of nanomaterials in vivo. Compared to viral vectors, nonviral gene delivery vectors are characterized by a low preexisting immunogenicity, which is important for preventing a severe immune response. In addition, nonviral vectors provide higher loading capacity and ease of fabrication. For these reasons, this review article focuses on applications of nonviral gene delivery systems, including those based on lipids, polymers, graphene, and other inorganic nanoparticles, and discusses recent advances in nanomaterials for gene therapy. Methods of synthesizing these nanomaterials are briefly described from a materials science perspective. Also, challenges, critical issues, and concerns about the in vivo applications of nanomaterial-based gene delivery systems are discussed. It should be noted that this article is not a comprehensive review of the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhan Keles
- Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
| | - Dan Du
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
| | - Wen-Ji Dong
- Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA and Department of Integrated Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Yuehe Lin
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
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Mertins O, Lobo SE, Mathews PD, Han SW. Interaction of pDNA with reverse phase chitosome. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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12
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Belluzo MS, Medina LF, Cortizo AM, Cortizo MS. Ultrasonic compatibilization of polyelectrolyte complex based on polysaccharides for biomedical applications. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 30:1-8. [PMID: 26703196 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the design of biomaterials for cartilage tissue engineering. This type of materials must meet several requirements. In this study, we apply ultrasound to prepare a compatibilized blend of polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC) based on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and chitosan (CHI), in order to improve stability and mechanical properties through the inter-polymer macroradicals coupling produced by sonochemical reaction. We study the kinetic of the sonochemical degradation of each component in order to optimize the experimental conditions for PEC compatibilization. Scaffolds obtained applying this methodology and scaffolds without ultrasound processing were prepared and their morphology (by scanning electron microscopy), polyelectrolyte interactions (by FTIR), stability and mechanical properties were analyzed. The swelling kinetics was studied and interpreted based on the structural differences between the two kinds of scaffolds. In addition we evaluate the possible in vitro cytotoxicity of the scaffolds using macrophage cells in culture. Our results demonstrate that the ultrasound is a very efficient methodology to compatibilize PEC, exhibiting improved properties compared with the simple mixture of the two polysaccharides. The test with murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells showed no evince of cytotoxicity, suggesting that PEC biomaterials obtained under ultrasound conditions could be useful in the cartilage tissue engineering field.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Soledad Belluzo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CC 16 Suc. 4, CONICET, CCT-La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Lara F Medina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CC 16 Suc. 4, CONICET, CCT-La Plata, La Plata, Argentina; LIOMM (Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Osteopatías y Metabolismo Mineral), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ana M Cortizo
- LIOMM (Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Osteopatías y Metabolismo Mineral), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
| | - M Susana Cortizo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CC 16 Suc. 4, CONICET, CCT-La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
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13
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Kulkarni AD, Vanjari YH, Sancheti KH, Patel HM, Belgamwar VS, Surana SJ, Pardeshi CV. Polyelectrolyte complexes: mechanisms, critical experimental aspects, and applications. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 44:1615-25. [DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2015.1129624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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14
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Patil S, Bhatt P, Lalani R, Amrutiya J, Vhora I, Kolte A, Misra A. Low molecular weight chitosan–protamine conjugate for siRNA delivery with enhanced stability and transfection efficiency. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24058e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is among the few polymers with high biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushilkumar Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda
- Vadodara – 390001
- India
| | - Priyanka Bhatt
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda
- Vadodara – 390001
- India
| | - Rohan Lalani
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda
- Vadodara – 390001
- India
| | - Jitendra Amrutiya
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda
- Vadodara – 390001
- India
| | - Imran Vhora
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda
- Vadodara – 390001
- India
| | - Atul Kolte
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda
- Vadodara – 390001
- India
| | - Ambikanandan Misra
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda
- Vadodara – 390001
- India
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15
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Yan C, Jie L, Yongqi W, Weiming X, Juqun X, Yanbing D, Li Q, Xingyuan P, Mingchun J, Weijuan G. Delivery of human NKG2D-IL-15 fusion gene by chitosan nanoparticles to enhance antitumor immunity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 463:336-43. [PMID: 26022121 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are becoming promising carriers for gene delivery because of their high capacity in gene loading and low cell cytotoxicity. In this study, a chitosan-based nanoparticle encapsulated within a recombinant pcDNA3.1-dsNKG2D-IL-15 plasmid was generated. The fused dsNKG2D-IL-15 gene fragment consisted of double extracellular domains of NKG2D with IL-15 gene at downstream. The average diameter of the gene nanoparticles ranged from 200 nm to 400 nm, with mean zeta potential value of 53.8 ± 6.56 mV. The nanoparticles which were loaded with the dsNKG2D-IL-15 gene were uptaken by tumor cells with low cytotoxicity. Tumor cells pre-transfected by gene nanopartilces stimulated NK and T cells in vitro. Intramuscular injection of gene nanoparticles suppressed tumor growth and prolonged survival of tumor-bearing mice through activation of NK and CD8(+) T cells. Thus, chitosan-based nanoparticle delivery of dsNKG2D-IL-15 gene vaccine can be potentially used for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Leng Jie
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Wang Yongqi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Xiao Weiming
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Xi Juqun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Ding Yanbing
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Pan Xingyuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Ji Mingchun
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Gong Weijuan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China.
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