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Santos JR, Park J. MATR3's Role beyond the Nuclear Matrix: From Gene Regulation to Its Implications in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Other Diseases. Cells 2024; 13:980. [PMID: 38891112 PMCID: PMC11171696 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Matrin-3 (MATR3) was initially discovered as a component of the nuclear matrix about thirty years ago. Since then, accumulating studies have provided evidence that MATR3 not only plays a structural role in the nucleus, but that it is also an active protein involved in regulating gene expression at multiple levels, including chromatin organization, DNA transcription, RNA metabolism, and protein translation in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Furthermore, MATR3 may play a critical role in various cellular processes, including DNA damage response, cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. In addition to the revelation of its biological role, recent studies have reported MATR3's involvement in the context of various diseases, including neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases, as well as cancer. Moreover, sequencing studies of patients revealed a handful of disease-associated mutations in MATR3 linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which further elevated the gene's importance as a topic of study. In this review, we synthesize the current knowledge regarding the diverse functions of MATR3 in DNA- and RNA-related processes, as well as its involvement in various diseases, with a particular emphasis on ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhune Rizsan Santos
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada;
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Jeehye Park
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada;
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
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Zhuang Y, Li C, Zhao F, Yan Y, Pan H, Zhan J, Behnisch T. E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Uhrf2 Knockout Reveals a Critical Role in Social Behavior and Synaptic Plasticity in the Hippocampus. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1543. [PMID: 38338822 PMCID: PMC10855348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The hippocampal formation, particularly the CA2 subregion, is critical for social memory formation and memory processing, relying on synaptic plasticity-a fundamental mechanism by which synapses strengthen. Given the role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in various nervous system processes, including learning and memory, we were particularly interested in exploring the involvement of RING-type ubiquitin E3 ligases, such as UHRF2 (NIRF), in social behavior and synaptic plasticity. Our results revealed altered social behavior in mice with systemic Uhrf2 knockout, including changes in nest building, tube dominance, and the three-chamber social novelty test. In Uhrf2 knockout mice, the entorhinal cortex-CA2 circuit showed significant reductions in synaptic plasticity during paired-pulse facilitation and long-term potentiation, while the inability to evoke synaptic plasticity in the Schaffer-collateral CA2 synapses remained unaffected. These changes in synaptic plasticity correlated with significant changes in gene expression including genes related to vesicle trafficking and transcriptional regulation. The effects of Uhrf2 knockout on synaptic plasticity and the observed gene expression changes highlight UHRF2 as a regulator of learning and memory processes at both the cellular and systemic levels. Targeting E3 ubiquitin ligases, such as UHRF2, may hold therapeutic potential for memory-related disorders, warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghan Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chuhan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hongjie Pan
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianmin Zhan
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Thomas Behnisch
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Geng S, Peng W, Wang X, Hu X, Liang H, Hou J, Wang F, Zhao G, Lü M, Cui H. ARIH2 regulates the proliferation, DNA damage and chemosensitivity of gastric cancer cells by reducing the stability of p21 via ubiquitination. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:564. [PMID: 35732617 PMCID: PMC9218151 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04965-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Ariadne homolog 2 (ARIH2) is a key member of the RING-between-RING (RBR) E3 ligase family, which is characterized by an RBR domain involved in the polyubiquitination process. However, the molecular mechanism and biological function of ARIH2 in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer remain unclear. In this paper, we found that high ARIH2 expression is correlated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients and that ARIH2 can significantly promote the proliferation of gastric cancer cells. The effect of ARIH2 knockdown on colony formation and tumorigenesis of gastric cancer cells was also shown both in vivo and in vitro. Further mechanistic investigations revealed that ARIH2 interacts with p21 and induces p21 ubiquitination, and that the K48 residue of ubiquitin and the K161 residue of p21 play key roles in ARIH2-mediated p21 ubiquitination. We identified ARIH2 as an E3 ligase of p21 by an in vitro ubiquitination assay. In addition, ARIH2 knockdown induced DNA damage, and then induced cell apoptosis and regulated the chemosensitivity of gastric cancer cells after combined treatment with 5-fluorouracil. Generally, our results indicated that ARIH2 promotes the proliferation of gastric cancer cells and regulates p21 expression. These data demonstrate the need to further evaluate the potential therapeutic implications of ARIH2 in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Geng
- grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China ,grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China
| | - Wen Peng
- grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China ,grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China
| | - Xue Wang
- grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 400014 Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China ,grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China
| | - Hanghua Liang
- grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China ,grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China
| | - Jianbing Hou
- grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China ,grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Wang
- grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China ,grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China
| | - Gaichao Zhao
- grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China ,grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China
| | - Muhan Lü
- grid.488387.8Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China ,grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China
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4
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Wang J, Wang C, Wei Y, Zhao Y, Wang C, Lu C, Feng J, Li S, Cong B. Circular RNA as a Potential Biomarker for Forensic Age Prediction. Front Genet 2022; 13:825443. [PMID: 35198010 PMCID: PMC8858837 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.825443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In forensic science, accurate estimation of the age of a victim or suspect can facilitate the investigators to narrow a search and aid in solving a crime. Aging is a complex process associated with various molecular regulations on DNA or RNA levels. Recent studies have shown that circular RNAs (circRNAs) upregulate globally during aging in multiple organisms such as mice and C.elegans because of their ability to resist degradation by exoribonucleases. In the current study, we attempted to investigate circRNAs’ potential capability of age prediction. Here, we identified more than 40,000 circRNAs in the blood of thirteen Chinese unrelated healthy individuals with ages of 20–62 years according to their circRNA-seq profiles. Three methods were applied to select age-related circRNA candidates including the false discovery rate, lasso regression, and support vector machine. The analysis uncovered a strong bias for circRNA upregulation during aging in human blood. A total of 28 circRNAs were chosen for further validation in 30 healthy unrelated subjects by RT-qPCR, and finally, 5 age-related circRNAs were chosen for final age prediction models using 100 samples of 19–73 years old. Several different algorithms including multivariate linear regression (MLR), regression tree, bagging regression, random forest regression (RFR), and support vector regression (SVR) were compared based on root mean square error (RMSE) and mean average error (MAE) values. Among five modeling methods, regression tree and RFR performed better than the others with MAE values of 8.767 years (S.rho = 0.6983) and 9.126 years (S.rho = 0.660), respectively. Sex effect analysis showed age prediction models significantly yielded smaller prediction MAE values for males than females (MAE = 6.133 years for males, while 10.923 years for females in the regression tree model). In the current study, we first used circRNAs as additional novel age-related biomarkers for developing forensic age estimation models. We propose that the use of circRNAs to obtain additional clues for forensic investigations and serve as aging indicators for age prediction would become a promising field of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Forensic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Physical Examination Center of Shijiazhuang First Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yangyan Wei
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Forensic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanhao Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Forensic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Can Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Forensic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chaolong Lu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Forensic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jin Feng
- Physical Examination Center of Shijiazhuang First Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shujin Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Forensic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Shujin Li, , ; Bin Cong,
| | - Bin Cong
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Forensic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Shujin Li, , ; Bin Cong,
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Khan NH, Chen HJ, Fan Y, Surfaraz M, Ahammad MD, Qin YZ, Shahid M, Virk R, Jiang E, Wu DD, Ji XY. Biology of PEST‐Containing Nuclear Protein: A Potential Molecular Target for Cancer Research. Front Oncol 2022; 12:784597. [PMID: 35186732 PMCID: PMC8855108 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.784597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PEST-containing nuclear protein (PCNP), a novel nuclear protein, is involved in vital cellular processes like cell proliferation and mediates tumorigenesis. PCNP is a short-living, small nuclear protein of only 178 amino acids with two remarkable PEST sequences that are rich in proline (P), glutamic acid (E), serine (S), and threonine (T). The current understanding of PCNP reveals that PCNP has the ability to interact with cell cycle regulatory proteins; tumor suppressors (p53 and pRB), and promoters (cyclin E and cyclin D) to determine the fate of tissues to facilitate the process of either apoptosis or cell proliferation. In many preclinical studies, it has been evaluated that PCNP expression has associations with the development and progression of various cancers like neuroblastoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and ovarian cancer. Based on these depicted novel roles of PCNP in cell cycleregulation and of PCNP in tumorigenesis, it is logical to consider PCNP as a potential molecular target for cancer research. The aim of the current communication is to present an update on PCNP research and discussion on the potential role of PCNP in cancer development with challenges and opportunities perspectives. Considering the available evidence as a baseline for our statement, we anticipate that in the future, new research insights will strengthen the aim to develop PCNP-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches that will move the PCNP from the laboratory to the cancer clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazeer Hussain Khan
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Hao-Jie Chen
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | | | - MD.Faysal Ahammad
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune Engineering, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yang-Zhe Qin
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Razia Virk
- Department of Bio-Sciences, University Wah, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Enshe Jiang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- *Correspondence: Enshe Jiang, ; Dong-Dong Wu, ; Xin-Ying Ji,
| | - Dong-Dong Wu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- *Correspondence: Enshe Jiang, ; Dong-Dong Wu, ; Xin-Ying Ji,
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infection and Biological Safety, Henan University College of Medicine, Kaifeng, China
- *Correspondence: Enshe Jiang, ; Dong-Dong Wu, ; Xin-Ying Ji,
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Sun J, Wu K, Chen S, Jiang S, Chen Y, Duan C. UHRF2 promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression by Upregulating ErbB3/Ras/Raf Signaling Pathway. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:3097-3105. [PMID: 34400880 PMCID: PMC8364466 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.60030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence revealed that UHRF2 was implicated in a variety of human diseases, especially in cancer. However, the biological function, clinical significance and underly mechanisms of UHRF2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is largely unknown. We analyzed the expression of UHRF2 in 371 HCC tissues and 50 para-cancerous tissues of TCGA database. We found that UHRF2 was significantly upregulated in HCC tissues, which was further confirmed in HCC cells and tissues by western blot. More importantly, the level of UHRF2 was correlated with pathological grade and clinical stage, and the patients with high level of UHRF2 had lower overall survival, disease-free survival and higher recurrence rate than those with low UHRF2 level. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that high level of UHRF2 might be an independent prognostic factor for HCC patients. Functional investigations suggested that ectopic expression of UHRF2 could promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cell lines, whereas knock down of UHRF2 exhibited an opposite effect. Additionally, gene set enrichment analysis indicated that ERBB signaling pathway was upregulated in patients with high level of UHRF2. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the expression of UHRF2 was positively correlated with ErbB3 and its downstream targets SOS1, Ras and Raf-1. Furthermore, we found that overexpression of UHRF2 could upregulate the expression of ErbB3, SOS1, Ras and Raf-1. Our findings suggested that UHRF2 might accelerate HCC progression by upregulating ErbB3/Ras/Raf signaling pathway and it might serve as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Sun
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, #1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Kejia Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, #1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, #1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shiming Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Changzhu Duan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, #1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing 400016, China
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The Involvement of Ubiquitination Machinery in Cell Cycle Regulation and Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115754. [PMID: 34072267 PMCID: PMC8198665 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cell cycle is a collection of events by which cellular components such as genetic materials and cytoplasmic components are accurately divided into two daughter cells. The cell cycle transition is primarily driven by the activation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), which activities are regulated by the ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of key regulators such as cyclins, CDK inhibitors (CKIs), other kinases and phosphatases. Thus, the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of the cell cycle progression via recognition, interaction, and ubiquitination or deubiquitination of key proteins. The illegitimate degradation of tumor suppressor or abnormally high accumulation of oncoproteins often results in deregulation of cell proliferation, genomic instability, and cancer occurrence. In this review, we demonstrate the diversity and complexity of the regulation of UPS machinery of the cell cycle. A profound understanding of the ubiquitination machinery will provide new insights into the regulation of the cell cycle transition, cancer treatment, and the development of anti-cancer drugs.
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HBx promotes hepatocarcinogenesis by enhancing phosphorylation and blocking ubiquitinylation of UHRF2. Hepatol Int 2021; 15:707-719. [PMID: 33876395 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-021-10172-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The major cause of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is acute or chronic infection caused by hepatotropic viruses and HBV infection is the main cause. UHRF2, a ubiquitin-protein ligase E3, is associated with cancer development. This study aimed to investigate the connection and mechanism between UHRF2 and HBV-associated HCC. METHODS The expression of UHRF2 in human HBV-positive HCC tissues and paracancerous tissues was detected by western blot and tissue microarray. The effects of UHRF2 on invasion, migration and proliferation were detected in HBV-positive hepatoma cell lines. Furthermore, western blot, immunofluorescence, Co-immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assays were used to explore the relationship and mechanism between UHRF2 and HBV-associated HCC. RESULTS HBV-positive HCC tissues had higher UHRF2 expression levels than adjacent non-tumor tissues. The HBV-positive HCC patients with a low UHRF2 level in cancer tissues had longer overall and recurrence-free survival compared with those with a high UHRF2 level. UHRF2 induced invasion, migration and proliferation in human HBV-positive HCC cell lines HepG2.2.15 and Hep AD38(-). HBx, an encoding protein of HBV, maintained the stability of UHRF2 by blocking the ubiquitination of UHRF2. HBx up-regulated CDK2 expression through ETS1. UHRF2 bound to CDK2 directly and enhanced UHRF2 phosphorylation at serine 643. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that HBx-ETS1-CDK2-UHRF2 pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis of HBV-associated HCC and represents new therapeutic targets for human HCC. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION ChiCTR2000041416.
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Chen T, Huang H, Zhou Y, Geng L, Shen T, Yin S, Zhou L, Zheng S. HJURP promotes hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation by destabilizing p21 via the MAPK/ERK1/2 and AKT/GSK3β signaling pathways. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2018; 37:193. [PMID: 30111352 PMCID: PMC6094877 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0866-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Holliday junction recognition protein (HJURP) has been implicated in many cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the underlying mechanism by which HJURP promotes HCC cell proliferation remains unclear. METHODS RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect HJURP expression in HCC and adjacent tumor tissues and HCC cell lines. The localization of p21 were determined by immunofluorescence and western blot. Co-immunoprecipitation and western blot were used to validate the p21 stability and signaling pathways affected by HJURP. The effects of HJURP on HCC cell proliferation were assessed both in vivo and in vitro. The ERK1/2 pathway inhibitor U0126 and AKT pathway agonist SC-79 were used to treat HCC cell lines for further mechanistic investigations. RESULTS HJURP expression was higher in HCC tissues than in para-tumor tissues. Moreover, ectopic HJURP expression facilitated the proliferation of HCC cells, whereas the depletion of HJURP resulted in decreased cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the effects of HJURP silencing were reversed by p21 knockdown. Likewise, p21 overexpression inhibited cell growth ability mediated by HJURP elevation. Mechanistically, HJURP destabilized p21 via the MAPK/ERK1/2 and AKT/GSK3β pathways, which regulated the nucleus-cytoplasm translocation and ubiquitin-mediated degradation of p21. Clinically, high HJURP expression was correlated with unfavorable prognoses in HCC individuals. CONCLUSIONS Our data revealed that HJURP is an oncogene that drives cell cycle progression upstream of p21 in HCC. These findings may provide a potential therapeutic and prognostic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchi Chen
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hechen Huang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Geng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tian Shen
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengyong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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