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Shi J, Deng C, Zhang C, Quan S, Fan L, Zhao L. Combinatorial metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for de novo production of structurally defined and homogeneous Amino oligosaccharides. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2024; 9:713-722. [PMID: 38868610 PMCID: PMC11167392 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Amino oligosaccharides (AOs) possess various biological activities and are valuable in the pharmaceutical, food industries, and agriculture. However, the industrial manufacturing of AOs has not been realized yet, despite reports on physical, chemical, and biological approaches. In this study, the de novo production of chitin oligosaccharides (CHOS), a type of structurally defined AOs, was achieved in Escherichia coli through combinatorial pathway engineering. The most suitable glycosyltransferase for CHOS production was found to be NodCL from Mesorhizobium Loti. Then, by knocking out the nagB gene to block the flow of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (NAG) to the glycolytic pathway in E. coli and adjusting the copy number of NodCL-coding gene, the CHOS yield was increased by 6.56 times. Subsequently, by introducing of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) salvage pathway for and optimizing fermentation conditions, the yield of CHOS reached 207.1 and 468.6 mg/L in shake-flask cultivation and a 5-L fed-batch bioreactor, respectively. Meanwhile, the concentration of UDP-GlcNAc was 91.0 mg/L, the highest level reported in E. coli so far. This study demonstrated, for the first time, the production of CHOS with distinct structures in plasmid-free E. coli, laying the groundwork for the biosynthesis of CHOS and providing a starting point for further engineering and commercial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Chen Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology (SCICBT), Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Chunyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Shu Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Liqiang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology (SCICBT), Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Liming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Organ Transplant Center, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, 200003, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology (SCICBT), Shanghai, 200237, China
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2
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Liu Y, Sun G, Liu J, Lou Y, Zhu J, Wang C. Enzymatic production of diverse N-acetyl chitooligosaccharides employing a novel bifunctional chitinase and its engineered variants. Food Chem 2024; 453:139675. [PMID: 38781901 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Bioproduction of diverse N-acetyl chitooligosaccharides from chitin is of great value. In the study, a novel GH family 18 bifunctional chitinase gene (PsChi82) from Paenibacillus shirakamiensis was identified, expressed and biochemically characterized. PsChi82 was most active at pH 5.0, and 55 °C, and displayed remarkable pH stability with the broad pH range of 3.0-12.0. It showed high chitosanase activity of 10.6 U mg-1 and diverse hydrolysis products of GlcNAc, (GlcNAc)2, GlcN-GlcNAc and (GlcN)2-GlcNAc, which may facilitate comprehensively understanding of structure-function relationships of N-acetyl COSs. Three engineered variants were then expressed and characterized. Among them, PsChi82-CBM26 possessed specific activity of 25.1 U mg-1 against colloidal chitin, which was 2.1 folds higher than that of PsChi82. The diverse N-acetyl COSs were subsequently produced by PsChi82-CBM26 with a sugar content of 23.2 g L-1. These excellent properties may make PsChi82-CBM26 potentially useful for N-acetyl COSs production in the food and chemical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin 300222, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guangru Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin 300222, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, No.92, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimeng Lou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin 300222, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin 300222, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunling Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin 300222, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Guo HZ, Wang D, Yang HT, Wu YL, Li YC, Xia GH, Zhang XY. Heterologous Expression and Characterization of a pH-Stable Chitinase from Micromonospora aurantiaca with a Potential Application in Chitin Degradation. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:287. [PMID: 38921598 PMCID: PMC11204758 DOI: 10.3390/md22060287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
To promote the bioconversion of marine chitin waste into value-added products, we expressed a novel pH-stable Micromonospora aurantiaca-derived chitinase, MaChi1, in Escherichia coli and subsequently purified, characterized, and evaluated it for its chitin-converting capacity. Our results indicated that MaChi1 is of the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 18 with a molecular weight of approximately 57 kDa, consisting of a GH18 catalytic domain and a cellulose-binding domain. We recorded its optimal activity at pH 5.0 and 55 °C. It exhibited excellent stability in a wide pH range of 3.0-10.0. Mg2+ (5 mM), and dithiothreitol (10 mM) significantly promoted MaChi1 activity. MaChi1 exhibited broad substrate specificity and hydrolyzed chitin, chitosan, cellulose, soluble starch, and N-acetyl chitooligosaccharides with polymerization degrees ranging from three to six. Moreover, MaChi1 exhibited an endo-type cleavage pattern, and it could efficiently convert colloidal chitin into N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) and (GlcNAc)2 with yields of 227.2 and 505.9 mg/g chitin, respectively. Its high chitin-degrading capacity and exceptional pH tolerance makes it a promising tool with potential applications in chitin waste treatment and bioactive oligosaccharide production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Zhong Guo
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, National R&D Branch Center for Prawn Processing Technology (Haikou), School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.-Z.G.); (D.W.); (H.-T.Y.); (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-C.L.); (G.-H.X.)
| | - Dou Wang
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, National R&D Branch Center for Prawn Processing Technology (Haikou), School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.-Z.G.); (D.W.); (H.-T.Y.); (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-C.L.); (G.-H.X.)
| | - Hui-Ting Yang
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, National R&D Branch Center for Prawn Processing Technology (Haikou), School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.-Z.G.); (D.W.); (H.-T.Y.); (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-C.L.); (G.-H.X.)
| | - Yu-Le Wu
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, National R&D Branch Center for Prawn Processing Technology (Haikou), School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.-Z.G.); (D.W.); (H.-T.Y.); (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-C.L.); (G.-H.X.)
| | - Yong-Cheng Li
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, National R&D Branch Center for Prawn Processing Technology (Haikou), School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.-Z.G.); (D.W.); (H.-T.Y.); (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-C.L.); (G.-H.X.)
| | - Guang-Hua Xia
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, National R&D Branch Center for Prawn Processing Technology (Haikou), School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.-Z.G.); (D.W.); (H.-T.Y.); (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-C.L.); (G.-H.X.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Provincial and Ministerial Co-Construction for Marine Food Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Xue-Ying Zhang
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, National R&D Branch Center for Prawn Processing Technology (Haikou), School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.-Z.G.); (D.W.); (H.-T.Y.); (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-C.L.); (G.-H.X.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Provincial and Ministerial Co-Construction for Marine Food Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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Zhao P, Hong S, Li Y, Chen H, Gao H, Wang C. From phyllosphere to insect cuticles: silkworms gather antifungal bacteria from mulberry leaves to battle fungal parasite attacks. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:40. [PMID: 38409012 PMCID: PMC10895815 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-024-01764-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial transfers from plants to insect herbivore guts have been well investigated. However, bacterial exchanges between plant phyllospheres and insect cuticles remain unclear, as does their related biological function. RESULTS Here, we report that the cuticular bacterial loads of silkworm larvae quickly increased after molting and feeding on the white mulberry (Morus alba) leaves. The isolation and examination of silkworm cuticular bacteria identified one bacterium Mammaliicoccus sciuri that could completely inhibit the spore germination of fungal entomopathogens Metarhizium robertsii and Beauveria bassiana. Interestingly, Ma. sciuri was evident originally from mulberry leaves, which could produce a secreted chitinolytic lysozyme (termed Msp1) to damage fungal cell walls. In consistency, the deletion of Msp1 substantially impaired bacterial antifungal activity. Pretreating silkworm larvae with Ma. sciuri cells followed by fungal topical infections revealed that this bacterium could help defend silkworms against fungal infections. Unsurprisingly, the protective efficacy of ΔMsp1 was considerably reduced when compared with that of wild-type bacterium. Administration of bacterium-treated diets had no negative effect on silkworm development; instead, bacterial supplementation could protect the artificial diet from Aspergillus contamination. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study evidence that the cross-kingdom transfer of bacteria from plant phyllospheres to insect herbivore cuticles can help protect insects against fungal parasite attacks. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Song Hong
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuekun Li
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haimin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Hanchun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chengshu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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5
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Meng LH, Ke F, Zhang QY, Hu YD, Zhao Z. A GH19 lysozyme and peptidase from Myoviridae cyanophages lacking the typical holin-endolysin system exhibit lytic activity. Enzyme Microb Technol 2024; 173:110368. [PMID: 38043249 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Most of the dsDNA cyanophages employ holin-endolysin lysis systems to damage the host cells. This study aimed to elucidate the lytic activity of ORF91 and ORF117 in the cyanophage MaMV-DH01, which lacked a conventional cholinesterase system. These two proteins contained Lyz-like superfamily domains and were annotated as a member of GH family 19 (named DHGH19) and peptidase (named DHpeptidase), respectively. Overexpression of DHGH19 in E. coli over a 5 h course demonstrated potent bactericidal activity, evident from significant growth inhibition, membrane damage, and leakage of intracellular enzymes of E. coli cells. However, the lytic activity of DHpeptidase was relatively weaker, exhibiting a bacteriostatic effect. It was important to highlight that the specific mutation of enzyme-catalyzed residues in DHGH19 (E122 and E131) showed that these were the essential amino acids for DHGH19 to exert its bactericidal activity. Furthermore, the lytic function of DHGH19 and DHpeptidase on cyanobacteria cells was confirmed by their overexpression in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. Overall, this study provides novel insights into the lytic mechanism of Myoviridae cyanophage, offering potential alternatives for the development of GH19 and peptidase as new antibacterial agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hui Meng
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Fei Ke
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Qi-Ya Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ya-Dong Hu
- Jiangsu Innovation Center of Marine Bioresource, Jiangsu Coast Development Investment Co., Ltd, Jiangsu Coast Development Group Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
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Liu Y, Qin Z, Wang C, Jiang Z. N-acetyl-d-glucosamine-based oligosaccharides from chitin: Enzymatic production, characterization and biological activities. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 315:121019. [PMID: 37230627 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Chitin, the second most abundant biopolymer, possesses diverse applications in the food, agricultural, and pharmaceutical industries due to its functional properties. However, the potential applications of chitin are limited owing to its high crystallinity and low solubility. N-acetyl chitooligosaccharides and lacto-N-triose II, the two types of GlcNAc-based oligosaccharides, can be obtained from chitin by enzymatic methods. With their lower molecular weights and improved solubility, these two types of GlcNAc-based oligosaccharides display more various beneficial health effects when compared to chitin. Among their abilities, they have exhibited antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antimicrobial, and plant elicitor activities as well as immunomodulatory and prebiotic effects, which suggests they have the potential to be utilized as food additives, functional daily supplements, drug precursors, elicitors for plants, and prebiotics. This review comprehensively covers the enzymatic methods used for the two types of GlcNAc-based oligosaccharides production from chitin by chitinolytic enzymes. Moreover, current advances in the structural characterization and biological activities of these two types of GlcNAc-based oligosaccharides are summarized in the review. We also highlight current problems in the production of these oligosaccharides and trends in their development, aiming to offer some directions for producing functional oligosaccharides from chitin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin 300222, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Qin
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Baoshan District, No.99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunling Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin 300222, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhengqiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Food Bioengineering (China National Light Industry), College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Lyagin I, Aslanli A, Domnin M, Stepanov N, Senko O, Maslova O, Efremenko E. Metal Nanomaterials and Hydrolytic Enzyme-Based Formulations for Improved Antifungal Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11359. [PMID: 37511117 PMCID: PMC10379199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Active research of metal-containing compounds and enzymes as effective antifungal agents is currently being conducted due to the growing antifungal resistance problem. Metals are attracting special attention due to the wide variety of ligands that can be used for them, including chemically synthesized and naturally obtained variants as a result of the so-called "green synthesis". The main mechanism of the antifungal action of metals is the triggering of the generation and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Further action of ROS on various biomolecules is nonspecific. Various hydrolytic enzymes (glucanases and proteases), in turn, exhibit antifungal properties by affecting the structural elements of fungal cells (cell walls, membranes), fungal quorum sensing molecules, fungal own protective agents (mycotoxins and antibiotics), and proteins responsible for the adhesion and formation of stable, highly concentrated populations in the form of biofilms. A wide substrate range of enzymes allows the use of various mechanisms of their antifungal actions. In this review, we discuss the prospects of combining two different types of antifungal agents (metals and enzymes) against mycelial fungi and yeast cells. Special attention is paid to the possible influence of metals on the activity of the enzymes and the possible effects of proteins on the antifungal activity of metal-containing compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Lyagin
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aysel Aslanli
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maksim Domnin
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay Stepanov
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Senko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Maslova
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Efremenko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Wang J, Zhu M, Wang P, Chen W. Biochemical Properties of a Cold-Active Chitinase from Marine Trichoderma gamsii R1 and Its Application to Preparation of Chitin Oligosaccharides. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:332. [PMID: 37367657 DOI: 10.3390/md21060332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The enzymatic degradation of different chitin polymers into chitin oligosaccharides (COSs) is of great significance given their better solubility and various biological applications. Chitinase plays a pivotal role in the enzymatic preparation of COSs. Herein, a cold-adapted and efficient chitinase (ChiTg) from the marine Trichoderma gamsii R1 was purified and characterized. The optimal temperature of ChiTg was 40 °C, and the relative activity at 5 °C was above 40.1%. Meanwhile, ChiTg was active and stable from pH 4.0 to 7.0. As an endo-type chitinase, ChiTg exhibited the highest activity with colloidal chitin, then with ball-milled and powdery chitin. In addition, ChiTg showed high efficiency when hydrolyzing colloidal chitin at different temperatures, and the end products were mainly composed of COSs with one to three degrees of polymerization. Furthermore, the results of bioinformatics analysis revealed that ChiTg belongs to the GH18 family, and its acidic surface and the flexible structure of its catalytic site may contribute to its high activity in cold conditions. The results of this study provide a cold-active and efficient chitinase and ideas for its application regarding the preparation of COSs from colloidal chitin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrong Wang
- Shenzhen Raink Ecology & Environment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518102, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Mujin Zhu
- Shenzhen Raink Ecology & Environment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518102, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shenzhen Raink Ecology & Environment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518102, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Shenzhen Raink Ecology & Environment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518102, China
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9
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Xing A, Hu Y, Wang W, Secundo F, Xue C, Mao X. A novel microbial-derived family 19 endochitinase with exochitinase activity and its immobilization. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:3565-3578. [PMID: 37103491 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12523-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
A novel chitinase gene of 888 bp from Streptomyces bacillaris was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. The purified recombinant enzyme (SbChiAJ103) was identified as the first microbial-derived family 19 endochitinase that showed exochitinase activity. SbChiAJ103 exhibited the substrate preference for N-acetylchitooligosaccharides with even degrees of polymerization and the capability to specifically hydrolyze colloidal chitin into (GlcNAc)2. Mono-methyl adipate was employed as a novel linker for the efficient covalent immobilization of chitinase on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The immobilized SbChiAJ103, SbChiAJ103@MNPs, exhibited superior pH tolerance, temperature stability, and storage stability than free SbChiAJ103. Even after incubation at 45 °C for 24 h, SbChiAJ103@MNPs could retain more than 60.0% initial activity. As a result, the enzymatic hydrolysis yield of SbChiAJ103@MNPs increased to 1.58 times that of free SbChiAJ103. Moreover, SbChiAJ103@MNPs could be reused by convenient magnetic separation. After 10 recycles, SbChiAJ103@MNPs could retain almost 80.0% of its initial activity. The immobilization of the novel chitinase SbChiAJ103 paves the way to the efficient and eco-friendly commercial production of (GlcNAc)2. KEY POINTS: • The first microbial GH19 endochitinase with exochitinase activity was reported. • Mono-methyl adipate was first employed to immobilize chitinase. • SbChiAJ103@MNPs showed excellent pH stability, thermal stability, and reusability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijia Xing
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao, China
| | - Francesco Secundo
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta", CNR, v. Mario Bianco 9, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Changhu Xue
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
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10
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Chitinase-Assisted Bioconversion of Chitinous Waste for Development of Value-Added Chito-Oligosaccharides Products. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12010087. [PMID: 36671779 PMCID: PMC9855443 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Chito-oligosaccharides (COSs) are the partially hydrolyzed products of chitin, which is abundant in the shells of crustaceans, the cuticles of insects, and the cell walls of fungi. These oligosaccharides have received immense interest in the last few decades due to their highly promising bioactivities, such as their anti-microbial, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory properties. Regarding environmental concerns, COSs are obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis by chitinase under milder conditions compared to the typical chemical degradation. This review provides updated information about research on new chitinase derived from various sources, including bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals, employed for the efficient production of COSs. The route to industrialization of these chitinases and COS products is also described.
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11
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Thomas R, Fukamizo T, Suginta W. Bioeconomic production of high-quality chitobiose from chitin food wastes using an in-house chitinase from Vibrio campbellii. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2022; 9:86. [PMID: 38647850 PMCID: PMC10991452 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-022-00574-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine Vibrio species are natural degraders of chitin and usually secrete high levels of chitinolytic enzymes to digest recalcitrant chitin to chitooligosaccharides. This study used an endochitinase (VhChiA) from Vibrio campbellii to produce high-quality chitobiose from crustacean chitins. The enzyme was shown to be fully active and stable over 24 h when BSA was used as an additive. When different chitin sources were tested, VhChiA preferentially digested shrimp and squid (α) chitins compared to crab (β) chitin and did not utilize non-chitin substrates. The overall yields of chitobiose obtained from small-scale production using a single-step reaction was 96% from shrimp, and 91% from squid pen and crab-shell chitins. Larger-scale production yielded 200 mg of chitobiose, with > 99% purity after a desalting and purification step using preparative HPLC. In conclusion, we report the employment of an in-house produced chitinase as an effective biocatalyst to rapidly convert chitin food wastes to chitobiose, in a quantity and quality suitable for use in research and commercial purposes. Chitobiose production by this economical and eco-friendly approach can be easily scaled up to obtain multi-gram quantities of chitobiose for chemo-enzymic synthesis of rare chitooligosaccharide derivatives and long chain chitooligosaccharides, as well as preparation of sugar-based functionalized nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reeba Thomas
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering (BSE), Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Payupnai, Wangchan District, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Tamo Fukamizo
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering (BSE), Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Payupnai, Wangchan District, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Wipa Suginta
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering (BSE), Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Payupnai, Wangchan District, Rayong, 21210, Thailand.
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12
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Wu YL, Wang S, Yang DF, Yang LY, Wang QY, Yu J, Li N, Pan LX. The Discovery, Enzymatic Characterization and Functional Analysis of a Newly Isolated Chitinase from Marine-Derived Fungus Aspergillus fumigatus df347. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20080520. [PMID: 36005523 PMCID: PMC9410337 DOI: 10.3390/md20080520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to discover a broad-specificity and high stability chitinase, a marine fungus, Aspergillus fumigatus df347, was identified in the sediments of mangrove wetlands in Qinzhou Bay, China. The chitinase gene (AfChi28) from A. fumigatus df347 was cloned and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, and the recombinant enzyme AfChi28 was purified and characterized. AfChi28 is an acido-halotolerant- and temperature-resistant bifunctional enzyme with both endo- and exo-cleavage functions. Its enzymatic products are mainly GlcNAc, (GlcNAc)2, (GlcNAc)3 and (GlcNAc)4. Na+, Mg2+, K+, Ca2+ and Tris at a concentration of 50 mM had a strong stimulatory effect on AfChi28. The crude enzyme and pure enzyme exhibited the highest specific activity of 0.737 mU/mg and 52.414 mU/mg towards colloidal chitin. The DxDxE motif at the end of strand β5 and with Glu154 as the catalytic residue was verified by the AlphaFold2 prediction and sequence alignment of homologous proteins. Moreover, the results of molecular docking showed that molecular modeling of chitohexaose was shown to bind to AfChi28 in subsites −4 to +2 in the deep groove substrate-binding pocket. This study demonstrates that AfChi28 is a promising chitinase for the preparation of desirable chitin oligosaccharides, and provides a foundation for elucidating the catalytic mechanism of chitinases from marine fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Wu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Nanning Pangbo Biological Engineering Co., Ltd., Nanning 530004, China
| | - Deng-Feng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Li-Yan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Qing-Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Jun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China
- College of Food and Quality Engineering, Nanning University, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Nan Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Correspondence: (N.L.); (L.-X.P.); Tel.: +86-1350-7868-042 (N.L.); +86-1376-8513-581 (L.-X.P.)
| | - Li-Xia Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China
- Correspondence: (N.L.); (L.-X.P.); Tel.: +86-1350-7868-042 (N.L.); +86-1376-8513-581 (L.-X.P.)
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13
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Characterization of chitinase from Exiguobacterium antarcticum and its bioconversion of crayfish shell into chitin oligosaccharides. Food Res Int 2022; 158:111517. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Guo M, Wei X, Chen S, Xiao J, Huang D. Enhancing nonspecific enzymatic hydrolysis of chitin to oligosaccharides pretreated by acid and green solvents under simultaneous microwave-radiation. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:631-641. [PMID: 35413325 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
It is hard to degrade untreated highly crystalline chitin. In this study, two solvents pretreatment chitin (acid swollen chitin (AC), super fine chitin (FC)) and microwave-heating method were used to enhance nonspecific enzymatic hydrolysis (lysozyme and pepsin), which obviously improved the enzymolysis rates by at least 1.31 times. Characterizations of chitin substrates (Mv, SEM, XRD) showed that calcium solvent pretreatment (obtained FC) was milder but effective than phosphoric acid pretreatment (obtained AC). The highest yield of chitin oligosaccharides (37.58 mg/g) were obtained after hydrolyzing AC under five-hour simultaneous microwave radiation by pepsin, among them, the content of N-acetylglucosamine was 13.76 mg/g. While, more chitin oligosaccharides with DP (degree of polymerization) 3-4 and lower DA (degree of acetylation) were obtained when using lysozyme than pepsin. Significantly, the conversion rate of chitin to oligosaccharides went best only when microwave and enzymes acting together (simultaneous strategy), which were at least 35.59% higher than separately pretreatment enzymes and substrates by microwave. The damages of microwave radiation on lysozyme and chitin substrates were revealed, and the operating principle of the whole enzyme reaction system heated by microwave was preliminatively explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xunfan Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Sicong Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jinhua Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Dawei Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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15
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Bai L, Kim J, Son KH, Chung CW, Shin DH, Ku BH, Kim DY, Park HY. Novel Bi-Modular GH19 Chitinase with Broad pH Stability from a Fibrolytic Intestinal Symbiont of Eisenia fetida, Cellulosimicrobium funkei HY-13. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11111735. [PMID: 34827733 PMCID: PMC8615386 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Endo-type chitinase is the principal enzyme involved in the breakdown of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine-based oligomeric and polymeric materials through hydrolysis. The gene (966-bp) encoding a novel endo-type chitinase (ChiJ), which is comprised of an N-terminal chitin-binding domain type 3 and a C-terminal catalytic glycoside hydrolase family 19 domain, was identified from a fibrolytic intestinal symbiont of the earthworm Eisenia fetida, Cellulosimicrobium funkei HY-13. The highest endochitinase activity of the recombinant enzyme (rChiJ: 30.0 kDa) toward colloidal shrimp shell chitin was found at pH 5.5 and 55 °C and was considerably stable in a wide pH range (3.5–11.0). The enzyme exhibited the highest biocatalytic activity (338.8 U/mg) toward ethylene glycol chitin, preferentially degrading chitin polymers in the following order: ethylene glycol chitin > colloidal shrimp shell chitin > colloidal crab shell chitin. The enzymatic hydrolysis of N-acetyl-β-d-chitooligosaccharides with a degree of polymerization from two to six and colloidal shrimp shell chitin yielded primarily N,N′-diacetyl-β-d-chitobiose together with a small amount of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine. The high chitin-degrading ability of inverting rChiJ with broad pH stability suggests that it can be exploited as a suitable biocatalyst for the preparation of N,N′-diacetyl-β-d-chitobiose, which has been shown to alleviate metabolic dysfunction associated with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Bai
- Department of Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea;
- Industrial Bio-Materials Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.K.); (K.-H.S.)
| | - Jonghoon Kim
- Industrial Bio-Materials Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.K.); (K.-H.S.)
| | - Kwang-Hee Son
- Industrial Bio-Materials Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.K.); (K.-H.S.)
| | - Chung-Wook Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Korea;
| | - Dong-Ha Shin
- Insect Biotech Co. Ltd., Daejeon 34054, Korea; (D.-H.S.); (B.-H.K.)
| | - Bon-Hwan Ku
- Insect Biotech Co. Ltd., Daejeon 34054, Korea; (D.-H.S.); (B.-H.K.)
| | - Do Young Kim
- Industrial Bio-Materials Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.K.); (K.-H.S.)
- Correspondence: (D.Y.K.); (H.-Y.P.)
| | - Ho-Yong Park
- Department of Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea;
- Industrial Bio-Materials Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.K.); (K.-H.S.)
- Correspondence: (D.Y.K.); (H.-Y.P.)
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16
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Orlando M, Buchholz PCF, Lotti M, Pleiss J. The GH19 Engineering Database: Sequence diversity, substrate scope, and evolution in glycoside hydrolase family 19. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256817. [PMID: 34699529 PMCID: PMC8547705 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The glycoside hydrolase 19 (GH19) is a bifunctional family of chitinases and endolysins, which have been studied for the control of plant fungal pests, the recycle of chitin biomass, and the treatment of multi-drug resistant bacteria. The GH19 domain-containing sequences (22,461) were divided into a chitinase and an endolysin subfamily by analyzing sequence networks, guided by taxonomy and the substrate specificity of characterized enzymes. The chitinase subfamily was split into seventeen groups, thus extending the previous classification. The endolysin subfamily is more diverse and consists of thirty-four groups. Despite their sequence diversity, twenty-six residues are conserved in chitinases and endolysins, which can be distinguished by two specific sequence patterns at six and four positions, respectively. Their location outside the catalytic cleft suggests a possible mechanism for substrate specificity that goes beyond the direct interaction with the substrate. The evolution of the GH19 catalytic domain was investigated by large-scale phylogeny. The inferred evolutionary history and putative horizontal gene transfer events differ from previous works. While no clear patterns were detected in endolysins, chitinases varied in sequence length by up to four loop insertions, causing at least eight distinct presence/absence loop combinations. The annotated GH19 sequences and structures are accessible via the GH19 Engineering Database (GH19ED, https://gh19ed.biocatnet.de). The GH19ED has been developed to support the prediction of substrate specificity and the search for novel GH19 enzymes from neglected taxonomic groups or in regions of the sequence space where few sequences have been described yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Orlando
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrick C. F. Buchholz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Marina Lotti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Jürgen Pleiss
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- * E-mail:
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17
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Zhang W, Ma J, Yan Q, Jiang Z, Yang S. Biochemical characterization of a novel acidic chitinase with antifungal activity from Paenibacillus xylanexedens Z2-4. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:1528-1536. [PMID: 34022308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A chitinase gene (PxChi52) from Paenibacillus xylanexedens Z2-4 was cloned and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). PxChi52 shared the highest identity of 91% with a glycoside hydrolase family 18 chitinase (ChiD) from Bacillus circulans. The recombinant enzyme (PxChi52) was purified and biochemically characterized. PxChi52 had a molecular mass of 52.8 kDa. It was most active at pH 4.5 and 65 °C, respectively, and stable in a wide pH range of 4.0-13.0 and up to 50 °C. The enzyme exhibited the highest specific activity of 16.0 U/mg towards colloidal chitin, followed by ethylene glycol chitin (5.4 U/mg) and ball milled chitin (0.4 U/mg). The Km and Vmax values of PxChi52 towards colloidal chitin were determined to be 3.06 mg/mL and 71.38 U/mg, respectively, PxChi52 hydrolyzed colloidal chitin and chitooligosaccharides with degree of polymerization 2-5 to release mainly N-acetyl chitobiose. In addition, PxChi52 displayed inhibition effects on the growth of some phytopathogenic fungi, including Alternaria alstroemeriae, Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Valsa mali. The unique properties of PxChi52 may enable it potential application in agriculture field as a biocontrol agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Bioengineering (China National Light Industry), College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Junwen Ma
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qiaojuan Yan
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhengqiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Food Bioengineering (China National Light Industry), College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Shaoqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Food Bioengineering (China National Light Industry), College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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18
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Lv C, Gu T, Ma R, Yao W, Huang Y, Gu J, Zhao G. Biochemical characterization of a GH19 chitinase from Streptomyces alfalfae and its applications in crystalline chitin conversion and biocontrol. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 167:193-201. [PMID: 33259839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chitinases play crucial roles in enzymatic conversion of chitin and biocontrol of phytopathogenic fungi. Herein, a chitinase of glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 19, SaChiB, was cloned from Streptomyces alfalfae ACCC 40021 and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The purified SaChiB displayed maximal activities at 45 °C and pH 8.0, and showed good stability up to 55 °C and in the range of pH 4.0-11.0, respectively. It exhibited substrate specificity towards chitin and chitooligosaccharides (degree of polymerization 3-6) with the endo-cleavage manner. In combination with the N-acetyl hexosaminidase SaHEX, it yielded a conversion rate of 95.2% from chitin powder to N-acetyl-D-glucosamine in 8 h and a product purity of >98.5%. Furthermore, the enzyme strongly inhibited the growth of tested pathogenic fungi. These results indicated that SaChiB has the great potential for applications in the conversion of raw chitinous waste in industries as well as the biocontrol of fungal diseases in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyin Lv
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China
| | - Tianyan Gu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China
| | - Rui Ma
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Wei Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China
| | - Yuyang Huang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Jingang Gu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Guogang Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China.
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