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Santostasi NL, Ciucci P, Bearzi G, Bonizzoni S, Gimenez O. Assessing the dynamics of hybridization through a matrix modelling approach. Ecol Modell 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2020.109120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Quilodrán CS, Austerlitz F, Currat M, Montoya-Burgos JI. Cryptic Biological Invasions: a General Model of Hybridization. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2414. [PMID: 29402926 PMCID: PMC5799175 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20543-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The dispersal of non-native genes due to hybridization is a form of cryptic invasion with growing concern in evolution and conservation. This includes the spread of transgenic genes and antibiotic resistance. To investigate how genes and phenotypes are transmitted, we developed a general model that, for the first time, considers concurrently: multiple loci, quantitative and qualitative gene expression, assortative mating, dominance/recessivity inheritance and density-dependent demographic effects. Selection acting on alleles or genotypes can also be incorporated. Our results reveal that the conclusions about how hybridization threatens a species can be biased if they are based on single-gene models, while considering two or more genes can correct this bias. We also show that demography can amplify or balance the genetic effects, evidencing the need of jointly incorporating both processes. By implementing our model in a real case, we show that mallard ducks introduced in New Zealand benefit from hybridization to replace native grey-ducks. Total displacement can take a few generations and occurs by interspecific competition and by competition between hybrids and natives, demonstrating how hybridization may facilitate biological invasions. We argue that our general model represents a powerful tool for the study of a wide range of biological and societal questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio S Quilodrán
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PS, United Kingdom.,Laboratory of vertebrate evolution, Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Laboratory of anthropology, genetics and peopling history, Department of Genetics and Evolution-Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Austerlitz
- Laboratory of Eco-Anthropology and Ethnobiology, National Museum of Natural History, National Centre for Scientific Research, University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Mathias Currat
- Laboratory of anthropology, genetics and peopling history, Department of Genetics and Evolution-Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (IGE3), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Juan I Montoya-Burgos
- Laboratory of vertebrate evolution, Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (IGE3), Geneva, Switzerland.
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Bouhours J, Mesgaran MB, Cousens RD, Lewis MA. Neutral hybridization can overcome a strong Allee effect by improving pollination quality. THEOR ECOL-NETH 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12080-017-0333-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Todesco M, Pascual MA, Owens GL, Ostevik KL, Moyers BT, Hübner S, Heredia SM, Hahn MA, Caseys C, Bock DG, Rieseberg LH. Hybridization and extinction. Evol Appl 2016; 9:892-908. [PMID: 27468307 PMCID: PMC4947151 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hybridization may drive rare taxa to extinction through genetic swamping, where the rare form is replaced by hybrids, or by demographic swamping, where population growth rates are reduced due to the wasteful production of maladaptive hybrids. Conversely, hybridization may rescue the viability of small, inbred populations. Understanding the factors that contribute to destructive versus constructive outcomes of hybridization is key to managing conservation concerns. Here, we survey the literature for studies of hybridization and extinction to identify the ecological, evolutionary, and genetic factors that critically affect extinction risk through hybridization. We find that while extinction risk is highly situation dependent, genetic swamping is much more frequent than demographic swamping. In addition, human involvement is associated with increased risk and high reproductive isolation with reduced risk. Although climate change is predicted to increase the risk of hybridization‐induced extinction, we find little empirical support for this prediction. Similarly, theoretical and experimental studies imply that genetic rescue through hybridization may be equally or more probable than demographic swamping, but our literature survey failed to support this claim. We conclude that halting the introduction of hybridization‐prone exotics and restoring mature and diverse habitats that are resistant to hybrid establishment should be management priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Todesco
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Mariana A Pascual
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Gregory L Owens
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Katherine L Ostevik
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Brook T Moyers
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada; Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management Colorado State University Ft Collins CO USA
| | - Sariel Hübner
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Sylvia M Heredia
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Min A Hahn
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Celine Caseys
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Dan G Bock
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Loren H Rieseberg
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada; Department of Biology Indiana University Bloomington IN USA
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Balao F, Casimiro-Soriguer R, García-Castaño JL, Terrab A, Talavera S. Big thistle eats the little thistle: does unidirectional introgressive hybridization endanger the conservation of Onopordum hinojense? THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2015; 206:448-458. [PMID: 25401776 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hybridization is known to have a creative role in plant evolution. However, it can also have negative effects on parental species. Onopordum is a large genus whose species frequently hybridize. In the Southwest Iberian Peninsula, the rare O. hinojense co-occurs with the widely distributed O. nervosum, and hybrids between these two taxa have been described as O. × onubense. In this study we determine the extinction risk in a hybrid zone, both for hybrids and parentals, using analyses of morphological and cytogenetic traits as well as genetic markers and demographic models. To investigate the introgression process we used amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers, Bayesian analyses and genome scan methods. Morphology, genome size and molecular markers confirmed homoploid hybridization and also indicated unidirectional backcrossing of F₁ hybrids with O. nervosum, which is likely to swamp O. hinojense, the parental with lower pollen size and a very low fruit set (8%). Genome scan methods revealed several loci significantly deviating from neutrality. Finally, our demographic modeling indicated that the higher fitness of O. nervosum threats the survival of O. hinojense by demographic swamping. Our study provides strong new evidence for a scenario of rapid extinction by unidirectional introgression and demographic swamping. The multifaceted approach used here sheds new light on the role of introgression in plant extinctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Balao
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Apdo. 1095, 41080, Sevilla, Spain
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030, Austria
| | - Ramón Casimiro-Soriguer
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Apdo. 1095, 41080, Sevilla, Spain
- Departmento de Biología, CASEM, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San Pedro, E-11510, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Juan Luis García-Castaño
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Apdo. 1095, 41080, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Anass Terrab
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Apdo. 1095, 41080, Sevilla, Spain
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030, Austria
| | - Salvador Talavera
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Apdo. 1095, 41080, Sevilla, Spain
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Quilodrán CS, Montoya-Burgos JI, Currat M. Modelling interspecific hybridization with genome exclusion to identify conservation actions: the case of native and invasive Pelophylax waterfrogs. Evol Appl 2015; 8:199-210. [PMID: 25685194 PMCID: PMC4319866 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Interspecific hybridization occurs in nature but can also be caused by human actions. It often leads to infertile or fertile hybrids that exclude one parental genome during gametogenesis, escaping genetic recombination and introgression. The threat that genome-exclusion hybridization might represent on parental species is poorly understood, especially when invasive species are involved. Here, we show how to assess the effects of genome-exclusion hybridization and how to elaborate conservation actions by simulating scenarios using a model of nonintrogressive hybridization. We examine the case of the frog Pelophylax ridibundus, introduced in Western Europe, which can hybridize with the native Pelophylax lessonae and the pre-existing hybrid Pelophylax esculentus, maintained by hybridogenesis. If translocated from Southern Europe, P. ridibundus produces new sterile hybrids and we show that it mainly threatens P. esculentus. Translocation from Central Europe leads to new fertile hybrids, threatening all native waterfrogs. Local extinction is demographically mediated via wasted reproductive potential or via demographic flow through generations towards P. ridibundus. We reveal that enlarging the habitat size of the native P. lessonae relative to that of the invader is a promising conservation strategy, avoiding the difficulties of fighting the invader. We finally stress that nonintrogressive hybridization is to be considered in conservation programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio S Quilodrán
- Laboratory of vertebrate evolution, Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland ; Laboratory of anthropology, genetics and peopling history, Anthropology Unit, Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Juan I Montoya-Burgos
- Laboratory of vertebrate evolution, Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mathias Currat
- Laboratory of anthropology, genetics and peopling history, Anthropology Unit, Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland
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Balao F, García-Castaño JL. AFLPsim: an R package to simulate and detect dominant markers under selection in hybridizing populations. PLANT METHODS 2014; 10:40. [PMID: 25926861 PMCID: PMC4413549 DOI: 10.1186/1746-4811-10-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In spite of a large diversity of approaches to investigate loci under selection from a population genetic perspective, very few programs have been specifically designed to date to test selection in hybrids using dominant markers. In addition, simulators of dominant markers are very scarce and they do not usually take into account hybridization. RESULTS Here, we present a new, multifunctional, R package for dominant genetic markers, AFLPsim. This package can simulate dominant markers in hybridizing populations and implements genome scan methods for detecting outlier dominant loci in hybrids. In addition, it includes tools for further manipulating the results, plotting them and other tasks. We describe and tabulate the major functions implemented in AFLPsim. In addition, we provide some demonstration of its use and we perform a comparative study with other software. Finally, we conclude by briefly describing the input and output formats. CONCLUSIONS The R package AFLPsim application provides several useful tools in the context of hybridization studies. It can simulate dominant markers in hybridizing populations and predict their demographic evolution. In addition, we implement a new genome scan method for detecting outlier dominant loci in hybrids, which shows a rather high sensitivity and is very conservative in comparison with Gagnaire et al.'s, Bayescan and introgress. The application is downloadable at http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/AFLPsim/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Balao
- />Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla, Ap-1095, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
- />Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna, 1030 Austria
| | - Juan Luis García-Castaño
- />Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla, Ap-1095, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
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Cristescu B, Boyce MS. Focusing ecological research for conservation. AMBIO 2013; 42:805-815. [PMID: 23609103 PMCID: PMC3790127 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-013-0410-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Ecologists are increasingly actively involved in conservation. We identify five key topics from a broad sweep of ecology that merit research attention to meet conservation needs. We examine questions from landscape ecology, behavioral ecology, ecosystem dynamics, community ecology, and nutrient cycling related to key topics. Based on literature review and publication trend assessment, consultation with colleagues, and roundtable discussions at the 24th International Congress for Conservation Biology, focused research on the following topics could benefit conservation while advancing ecological understanding: 1. Carbon sequestration, requiring increased linkages to biodiversity conservation; 2. Ecological invasiveness, challenging our ability to find solutions to ecological aliens; 3. Individual variation, having applications in the conservation of rare species; 4. Movement of organisms, integrating ecological processes across landscapes and scales and addressing habitat fragmentation; and 5. Trophic-level interactions, driving ecological dynamics at the ecosystem-level. Addressing these will require cross-disciplinary research under the overarching framework of conservation ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Cristescu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E9, Canada,
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Darling JA. Interspecific hybridization and mitochondrial introgression in invasive carcinus shore crabs. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17828. [PMID: 21423759 PMCID: PMC3056785 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2010] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Interspecific hybridization plays an important role in facilitating adaptive evolutionary change. More specifically, recent studies have demonstrated that hybridization may dramatically influence the establishment, spread, and impact of invasive populations. In Japan, previous genetic evidence for the presence of two non-native congeners, the European green crab Carcinus maenas and the Mediterranean green crab C. aestuarii, has raised questions regarding the possibility of hybridization between these sister species. Here I present analysis based on both nuclear microsatellites and the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) gene which unambiguously argues for a hybrid origin of Japanese Carcinus. Despite the presence of mitochondrial lineages derived from both C. maenas and C. aestuarii, the Japanese population is panmictic at nuclear loci and has achieved cytonuclear equilibrium throughout the sampled range in Japan. Furthermore, analysis of admixture at nuclear loci indicates dramatic introgression of the C. maenas mitochondrial genome into a predominantly C. aestuarii nuclear background. These patterns, along with inferences drawn from the observational record, argue for a hybridization event pre-dating the arrival of Carcinus in Japan. The clarification of both invasion history and evolutionary history afforded by genetic analysis provides information that may be critically important to future studies aimed at assessing risks posed by invasive Carcinus populations to Japan and the surrounding region.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Darling
- Molecular Ecology Research Branch, National Exposure Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America.
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Abstract
When introduced or cultivated plants or animals hybridize with their native relatives, the spread of invasive genes into native populations might have biological, aesthetic, and legal implications. Models suggest that the rate of displacement of native by invasive alleles can be rapid and inevitable if they are favored by natural selection. We document the spread of a few introduced genes 90 km into a threatened native species (the California Tiger Salamander) in 60 years. Meanwhile, a majority of genetic markers (65 of 68) show little evidence of spread beyond the region where introductions occurred. Using computer simulations, we found that such a pattern is unlikely to emerge by chance among selectively neutral markers. Therefore, our results imply that natural selection has favored both the movement and fixation of these exceptional invasive alleles. The legal status of introgressed populations (native populations that are slightly genetically modified) is unresolved by the US Endangered Species Act. Our results illustrate that genetic and ecological factors need to be carefully weighed when considering different criteria for protection, because different rules could result in dramatically different geographic areas and numbers of individuals being protected.
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