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Bian H, Dou QL, Wei J, Liu JL, Wang X, Liu X. Erythrocyte Ghost Based Fusogenic Glycoprotein Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Glycoprotein Complexes as an Efficient Deoxyribonucleic Acid Delivery System. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.3015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to construct a new type of fused erythrocyte vector for gene delivery system. The conditioned medium of AD293 cells expressing vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein gene was collected, and erythrocyte ghost was prepared by hypotonic lysis. Using cationic polymer to
condense deoxyribonucleic acid to form a complex, fusogenic erythrocyte ghost was incubated with this complex to obtain virion. Flow cytometry and luciferase activity analysis were used to detect the delivery of fusogenic erythrocyte ghost to deoxyribonucleic acid in AD293 cells and refractory
cells, respectively. Transfection efficiency of fusogenic erythrocyte ghost in vivo was detected by confocal microscope. Vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein and erythrocyte ghost were effectively integrated, and fusogenic erythrocyte ghost was successfully prepared. deoxyribonucleic
acid/polyethylenimine complexes form 100–300 nm particles. Fusogenic erythrocyte ghost can effectively incorporation deoxyribonucleic acid complexes. Confocal microscope observed red fluorescence close to blue fluorescence, indicating that labeled fusogenic erythrocyte ghost may trigger
liver and spleen tissue endocytosis or fusion. A new delivery vector of fusogenic erythrocyte ghost was constructed. This system could enhance the delivery efficiency even in cells which refractory to conventional transfections in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Bian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Qing-Li Dou
- The Baoan Hospital Affiliated with Southern Medical University, People’s Hospital of Baoan District of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518101, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Wei
- The Baoan Hospital Affiliated with Southern Medical University, People’s Hospital of Baoan District of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518101, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing-Le Liu
- The Baoan Hospital Affiliated with Southern Medical University, People’s Hospital of Baoan District of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518101, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- The Baoan Hospital Affiliated with Southern Medical University, People’s Hospital of Baoan District of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518101, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
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Bishnoi S, Kumari A, Rehman S, Minz A, Senapati S, Nayak D, Gupta S. Fusogenic Viral Protein-Based Near-Infrared Active Nanocarriers for Biomedical Imaging. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:3351-3360. [PMID: 34111927 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An effective drug delivery system (DDS) relies on an efficient cellular uptake and faster intracellular delivery of theranostic agents, bypassing the endosomal mediated degradation of the payload. The use of viral nanoparticles (VNPs) permits such advancement, as the viruses are naturally evolved to infiltrate the host cells to deliver their genetic material. As a proof of concept, we bioengineered the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G)-based near-infrared (NIR) active viral nanoconstructs (NAVNs) encapsulating indocyanine green dye (ICG) for NIR bioimaging. NAVNs are spherical in size and have the intrinsic cellular-fusogenic properties of VSV-G. Further, the NIR imaging displaying higher fluorescence intensity in NAVNs treated cells suggests enhanced cellular uptake and delivery of ICG by NAVNs compared to the free form of ICG. The overall study highlights the effectiveness of VSV-G-based VNPs as an efficient delivery system for NIR fluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Bishnoi
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India
| | - Anshu Kumari
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India.,School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Sheeba Rehman
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India
| | - Aliva Minz
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India
| | | | - Debasis Nayak
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India
| | - Sharad Gupta
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India.,School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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Liu K, Zhou Z, Pan M, Zhang L. Stem cell-derived mitochondria transplantation: A promising therapy for mitochondrial encephalomyopathy. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:733-742. [PMID: 33538116 PMCID: PMC8193690 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial encephalomyopathies are disorders caused by mitochondrial and nuclear DNA mutations which affect the nervous and muscular systems. Current therapies for mitochondrial encephalomyopathies are inadequate and mostly palliative. However, stem cell‐derived mitochondria transplantation has been demonstrated to play an key part in metabolic rescue, which offers great promise for mitochondrial encephalomyopathies. Here, we summarize the present status of stem cell therapy for mitochondrial encephalomyopathy and discuss mitochondrial transfer routes and the protection mechanisms of stem cells. We also identify and summarize future perspectives and challenges for the treatment of these intractable disorders based on the concept of mitochondrial transfer from stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiming Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhijian Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Shaoxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated with Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Mengxiong Pan
- Department of Neurology, First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Faria Waziry PA, Raja A, Salmon C, Aldana N, Damodar S, Fukushima AR, Mayi BS. Impact of pyriproxyfen on virus behavior: implications for pesticide-induced virulence and mechanism of transmission. Virol J 2020; 17:93. [PMID: 32631404 PMCID: PMC7339562 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-020-01378-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background More than 3 years since the last Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in Brazil, researchers are still deciphering the molecular mechanisms of neurovirulence and vertical transmission, as well as the best way to control spread of ZIKV, a flavivirus. The use of pesticides was the main strategy of mosquito control during the last ZIKV outbreak. Methods We used vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP) as our prototypical virus to study the impact of insecticide pyriproxyfen (PPF). VZV-GFP infected and uninfected Jurkat, HeLa and trophoblast cells were treated with PPF and compared to untreated cells (control). Cell viability was determined by the MTT assay. Cell morphology, presence of extracellular vesicles (EVs), virus infection/GFP expression as well as active mitochondrial levels/localization were examined by confocal microscopy. Results PPF, which was used to control mosquito populations in Brazil prior to the ZIKV outbreak, enhances VSV replication and has cell membrane-altering properties in the presence of virus. PPF causes enhanced viral replication and formation of large EVs, loaded with virus as well as mitochondria. Treatment of trophoblasts or HeLa cells with increasing concentrations of PPF does not alter cell viability, however, it proportionately increases Jurkat cell viability. Increasing concentrations of PPF followed by VSV infection does not interfere with HeLa cell viability. Both Jurkats and trophoblasts show proportionately increased cell death with increased concentrations of PPF in the presence of virus. Conclusions We hypothesize that PPF disrupts the lipid microenvironment of mammalian cells, thereby interfering with pathways of viral replication. PPF lowers viability of trophoblasts and Jurkats in the presence of VSV, implying that the combination renders immune system impairment in infected individuals as well as enhanced vulnerability of fetuses towards viral vertical transmission. We hypothesize that similar viruses such as ZIKV may be vertically transmitted via EV-to-cell contact when exposed to PPF, thereby bypassing immune detection. The impact of pesticides on viral replication must be fully investigated before large scale use in future outbreaks of mosquito borne viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula A Faria Waziry
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3400 Gulf to Bay Blvd, Clearwater, FL, 33759, USA
| | - Aarti Raja
- Department of Biological Sciences, Halmos College of Arts and Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33314, USA
| | - Chloe Salmon
- Plymouth University, 3 Endsleigh Place, Drake Circus, Plymouth, England, PL4 8AA
| | - Nathalia Aldana
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 S. University Dr, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33328, USA
| | - Sruthi Damodar
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 S. University Dr, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33328, USA
| | - Andre Rinaldi Fukushima
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bindu S Mayi
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3400 Gulf to Bay Blvd, Clearwater, FL, 33759, USA.
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Lin MJ, Li S, Yang LJ, Ye DY, Xu LQ, Zhang X, Sun PN, Wei CJ. Plasma membrane vesicles of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate acetaminophen-induced damage in HepG2 cells: a novel stem cell therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:225. [PMID: 32513263 PMCID: PMC7278066 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01738-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is the common cause of acute liver failure (ALF) due to the oxidative damage of multiple cellular components. This study aimed to investigate whether plasma membrane vesicles (PMVs) from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) could be exploited as a novel stem cell therapy for APAP-induced liver injury. METHODS PMVs from hUCMSCs were prepared with an improved procedure including a chemical enucleation step followed by a mechanical extrusion. PMVs of hUCMSCs were characterized and supplemented to hepatocyte cultures. Rescue of APAP-induced hepatocyte damage was evaluated. RESULTS The hUCMSCs displayed typical fibroblastic morphology and multipotency when cultivated under adipogenic, osteogenic, or chondrogenic conditions. PMVs of hUCMSCs maintained the stem cell phenotype, including the presence of CD13, CD29, CD44, CD73, and HLA-ABC, but the absence of CD45, CD117, CD31, CD34, and HLA-DR on the plasma membrane surface. RT-PCR and transcriptomic analyses showed that PMVs were similar to hUCMSCs in terms of mRNA profile, including the expression of stemness genes GATA4/5/6, Nanog, and Oct1/2/4. GO term analysis showed that the most prominent reduced transcripts in PMVs belong to integral membrane components, extracellular vesicular exosome, and extracellular matrix. Immunofluorescence labeling/staining and confocal microscopy assays showed that PMVs enclosed cellular organelles, including mitochondria, lysosomes, proteasomes, and endoplasmic reticula. Incorporation of the fusogenic VSV-G viral membrane glycoprotein stimulated the endosomal release of PMV contents into the cytoplasm. Further, the addition of PMVs and a mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant Mito-Tempo into cultures of APAP-treated HepG2 cells resulted in reduced cell death, enhanced viability, and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. Lastly, this study demonstrated that the redox state and activities of aminotransferases were restored in APAP-treated HepG2 cells. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that PMVs from hUCMSCs could be used as a novel stem cell therapy for the treatment of APAP-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Jia Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu-Jun Yang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China.
| | - Dan-Yan Ye
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Qun Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping-Nan Sun
- Stem Cell Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Chi-Ju Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, Guangdong, China.
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Chen Y, Xu LQ, Lin MJ, Zhang W, Zhang ZJ, Xu WC, Yang LJ, Wei CJ. An improved cellular enucleation method with extracellular matrix and colchicine facilitates the study of nucleocytoplasmic interaction. Eur J Cell Biol 2019; 98:151045. [PMID: 31563281 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2019.151045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Enucleated mammalian cells (cytoplasts) have been widely used for studying differential roles of the cytoplasm and nucleus in various cellular processes. Here, we reported an improved enucleation protocol, in which cells were seeded in extracellular matrix (ECM)-coated 24-wells and spun at 4600 g and 35 °C for 60 min in the presence of cytochalasin B and colchicine. When glass-bottom wells were used, cellular structures and organelles in cytoplasts could be examined directly by confocal microscopy. Nuclear envelope rupture did not occur probably due to mild centrifugation conditions used in this study. Addition of paclitaxel or doxorubicin completely blocked proliferation of residual nucleated cells; however, to our surprise, paclitaxel dramatically prolonged the survival of cytoplasts. Results from Annexin V and Propidium Iodide staining showed that cytoplasts died predominantly by apoptosis, which was partially inhibited by ECM and further by paclitaxel. Mitochondria were mostly rod-shaped and formed a connected network in paclitaxel-treated cytoplasts, indicating lack of fusion and fission dynamics. Moreover, paclitaxel increased mitochondrial membrane potential, suggesting that perturbation of mitochondria might be critical to the survival of cytoplasts. In conclusion, we had established an efficient and fast procedure for enucleation of adherent animal cells, which could facilitate the investigation of nucleocytoplasmic interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Li-Qun Xu
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Mei-Jia Lin
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Zhong-Jian Zhang
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453000, China.
| | - Wen-Can Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Lv-Jun Yang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Chi-Ju Wei
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China.
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Xu LQ, Lin MJ, Li YP, Li S, Chen SJ, Wei CJ. Preparation of Plasma Membrane Vesicles from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Potential Cytoplasm Replacement Therapy. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28570530 DOI: 10.3791/55741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported on the generation of plasma membrane vesicles (PMVs) through the mechanical extrusion of mammalian cells. The fusion of PMVs with mitochondrial deficient Rho0 cells restored mitotic activity under normal culture conditions. Atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer are age-related diseases that have been reported to be associated with multiple mechanical and functional defects in the cytosol and organelles of a variety of cell types. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) represent a unique cell population from the bone marrow that possess self-renewal capabilities while maintaining their multipotency. The supplementation of senescence cells with young cytoplasm from autologous BMSCs via the fusion of PMVs provides a promising approach to ameliorate or even reverse age-associated phenotypes. This protocol describes how to prepare PMVs from BMSCs via extrusion through a polycarbonate membrane with 3 µm pores, determine the existence of mitochondria and examine the maintenance of membrane potential within PMVs using a confocal microscope, concentrate PMVs by centrifugation, and carry out the in vivo injection of PMVs into the gastrocnemius muscle of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qun Xu
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University
| | - Mei-Jia Lin
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University
| | - Yun-Pan Li
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University
| | - Shuang Li
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University
| | - Shao-Jun Chen
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University
| | - Chi-Ju Wei
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University;
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Liu X, Li YP, Zhong ZM, Tan HQ, Lin HP, Chen SJ, Fu YC, Xu WC, Wei CJ. Incorporation of Viral Glycoprotein VSV-G Improves the Delivery of DNA by Erythrocyte Ghost into Cells Refractory to Conventional Transfection. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 181:748-761. [PMID: 27665615 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2246-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to formulate a novel gene delivery system based on the erythrocyte ghost (EG) integrated with fusogenic viral glycoprotein vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein G (VSV-G). VSV-G proteins were harvested as condition medium of Ad293 cells carrying a VSV-G transgene and then incorporated into EG. Plasmid DNA was condensed by various transfection reagents. A luciferase expression construct (pGL3-control) and a DsRed expression cassette (pCMV-DsRed) were used to evaluate the delivery efficiency of DNA/EG/VSV-G complexes. VSV-G proteins could be incorporated into EG in static incubation under acidic conditions as evidenced by the Western blot analysis. Condensed plasmid DNA was bound mostly to the outer surface of EG, which could be detected by electromicroscopy and measured by electrophoresis. EG/VSV-G complexes stimulated the delivery of pGL3-control into Ad293 cells significantly with the luciferase activity increased about 4-fold as compared to that of the control. The delivery of pCMV-DsRed was also enhanced with the percentage of DsRed-positive Ad293 cells increased from 55 % to about 80 %. Moreover, the transfection efficiency in 3T3, HeLa, INS-1, and bone marrow stem cell (BMSC) cells increased about 2-3-fold. Finally, confocal microscopy analysis showed that incorporation of VSV-G significantly enhanced the endocytosis of EG into target cells. In the present study, a novel type of non-viral DNA delivery vehicle consisting of EG and fusogenic VSV-G proteins was formulated, which showed superior transfection efficiency even in cells resistant to classical transfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Yun-Pan Li
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Zhen-Min Zhong
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Hui-Qi Tan
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Hao-Peng Lin
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Shao-Jun Chen
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Yu-Cai Fu
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Wen-Can Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Chi-Ju Wei
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China.
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