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Pilesi E, Tesoriere G, Ferriero A, Mascolo E, Liguori F, Argirò L, Angioli C, Tramonti A, Contestabile R, Volontè C, Vernì F. Vitamin B6 deficiency cooperates with oncogenic Ras to induce malignant tumors in Drosophila. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:388. [PMID: 38830901 PMCID: PMC11148137 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06787-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin B6 is a water-soluble vitamin which possesses antioxidant properties. Its catalytically active form, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), is a crucial cofactor for DNA and amino acid metabolism. The inverse correlation between vitamin B6 and cancer risk has been observed in several studies, although dietary vitamin B6 intake sometimes failed to confirm this association. However, the molecular link between vitamin B6 and cancer remains elusive. Previous work has shown that vitamin B6 deficiency causes chromosome aberrations (CABs) in Drosophila and human cells, suggesting that genome instability may correlate the lack of this vitamin to cancer. Here we provide evidence in support of this hypothesis. Firstly, we show that PLP deficiency, induced by the PLP antagonists 4-deoxypyridoxine (4DP) or ginkgotoxin (GT), promoted tumorigenesis in eye larval discs transforming benign RasV12 tumors into aggressive forms. In contrast, PLP supplementation reduced the development of tumors. We also show that low PLP levels, induced by 4DP or by silencing the sgllPNPO gene involved in PLP biosynthesis, worsened the tumor phenotype in another Drosophila cancer model generated by concomitantly activating RasV12 and downregulating Discs-large (Dlg) gene. Moreover, we found that RasV12 eye discs from larvae reared on 4DP displayed CABs, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and low catalytic activity of serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT), a PLP-dependent enzyme involved in thymidylate (dTMP) biosynthesis, in turn required for DNA replication and repair. Feeding RasV12 4DP-fed larvae with PLP or ascorbic acid (AA) plus dTMP, rescued both CABs and tumors. The same effect was produced by overexpressing catalase in RasV12 DlgRNAi 4DP-fed larvae, thus allowing to establish a relationship between PLP deficiency, CABs, and cancer. Overall, our data provide the first in vivo demonstration that PLP deficiency can impact on cancer by increasing genome instability, which is in turn mediated by ROS and reduced dTMP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Pilesi
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Tesoriere
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Ferriero
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Mascolo
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Liguori
- Experimental Neuroscience and Neurological Disease Models, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143, Rome, Italy
- CNR, Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Argirò
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Angioli
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Tramonti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Contestabile
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza, University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Volontè
- Experimental Neuroscience and Neurological Disease Models, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143, Rome, Italy
- CNR, Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Vernì
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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Redonnet-Vernhet I, Mercié P, Lebreton L, Blouin JM, Bronnimann D, Mesli S, Guibet C, Ribeiro E, Gensous N, Duffau P, Gouya L, Richard E. Preventing hyperhomocysteinemia using vitamin B 6 supplementation in Givosiran-treated acute intermittent porphyria: Highlights from a case report and brief literature review. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2024; 39:101076. [PMID: 38601120 PMCID: PMC11004984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute hepatic porphyrias are inherited metabolic disorders of heme biosynthesis characterized by the accumulation of toxic intermediate metabolites responsible for disabling acute neurovisceral attacks. Givosiran is a newly approved siRNA-based treatment of acute hepatic porphyria targeting the first and rate-limiting δ-aminolevulinic acid synthase 1 (ALAS1) enzyme of heme biosynthetic pathway. We described a 72-year old patient who presented with severe inaugural neurological form of acute intermittent porphyria evolving for several years which made her eligible for givosiran administration. On initiation of treatment, the patient developed a major hyperhomocysteinemia (>400 μmol/L) which necessitated to discontinue the siRNA-based therapy. A thorough metabolic analysis in the patient suggests that hyperhomocysteinemia could be attributed to a functional deficiency of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) enzyme induced by givosiran. Long-term treatment with vitamin B6, a cofactor of CBS, allowed to normalize homocysteinemia while givosiran treatment was maintained. We review the recently published cases of hyperhomocysteinemia in acute hepatic porphyria and its exacerbation under givosiran therapy. We also discuss the benefits of vitamin B6 supplementation in the light of hypothetic pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for hyperhomocysteinemia in these patients. Our results confirmed the importance of monitoring homocysteine metabolism and vitamin status in patients with acute intermittent porphyria in order to improve management by appropriate vitamin supplementation during givosiran treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Redonnet-Vernhet
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, MRGM, U1211, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- Service de Biochimie, Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale de Référence (LBMR) Métabolisme des acides Aminés et Métabolisme de l'hème, Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, France
| | - Patrick Mercié
- Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Groupe Hospitalier Saint-André, CHU de Bordeaux, F-33075 Bordeaux, France
- Centre de Compétence Maladies Rares Porphyries et Anémies rares du Métabolisme du fer, CHU de Bordeaux, France
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, UMR1312, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence Gr-Ex, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Louis Lebreton
- Service de Biochimie, Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale de Référence (LBMR) Métabolisme des acides Aminés et Métabolisme de l'hème, Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Marc Blouin
- Service de Biochimie, Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale de Référence (LBMR) Métabolisme des acides Aminés et Métabolisme de l'hème, Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, France
- Centre de Compétence Maladies Rares Porphyries et Anémies rares du Métabolisme du fer, CHU de Bordeaux, France
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, UMR1312, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence Gr-Ex, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Didier Bronnimann
- Service de Médecine Interne et Maladies Infectieuses, Groupe Hospitalier Saint-André, CHU de Bordeaux, F-33075, France
| | - Samir Mesli
- Service de Biochimie, Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale de Référence (LBMR) Métabolisme des acides Aminés et Métabolisme de l'hème, Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, France
| | - Claire Guibet
- Service de Biochimie, Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale de Référence (LBMR) Métabolisme des acides Aminés et Métabolisme de l'hème, Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, France
- Centre de Compétence Maladies Rares Porphyries et Anémies rares du Métabolisme du fer, CHU de Bordeaux, France
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, UMR1312, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence Gr-Ex, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Ribeiro
- Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Groupe Hospitalier Saint-André, CHU de Bordeaux, F-33075 Bordeaux, France
| | - Noémie Gensous
- Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Groupe Hospitalier Saint-André, CHU de Bordeaux, F-33075 Bordeaux, France
- Univ-Bordeaux, CNRS UMR5164 Immunoconcept, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierre Duffau
- Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Groupe Hospitalier Saint-André, CHU de Bordeaux, F-33075 Bordeaux, France
- Univ-Bordeaux, CNRS UMR5164 Immunoconcept, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laurent Gouya
- Laboratory of Excellence Gr-Ex, F-75015 Paris, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Porphyries et anémies rares du métabolisme du fer, Centre Français des Porphyries, Hôpital Louis Mourier, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Richard
- Service de Biochimie, Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale de Référence (LBMR) Métabolisme des acides Aminés et Métabolisme de l'hème, Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, France
- Centre de Compétence Maladies Rares Porphyries et Anémies rares du Métabolisme du fer, CHU de Bordeaux, France
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, UMR1312, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence Gr-Ex, F-75015 Paris, France
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Wang C, Li B, Zhu Q, Zhang Q, Xie Z, Xie H, Li X. Dietary vitamin B6 intake and stroke are negatively associated in adults: A cross-sectional study from the NHANES. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31125. [PMID: 38778939 PMCID: PMC11109891 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between dietary vitamin B6 and stroke risk is controversial; thus, we analyzed their correlation using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Method Data from 2005 to 2018 were collected from the NHANES database. Two 24-h dietary recalls and a standard questionnaire were used to evaluate vitamin B6 intake and stroke prevalence. We used logistic regression models to estimate the association between dietary vitamin B6 intake and stroke risk and investigated the nonlinear relationship between them using a restricted cubic spline (RCS). Sensitivity analysis was conducted using propensity score matching (PSM). Results Among 24,214 participants, 921 were patients diagnosed with stroke, while 23,293 were without stroke. The multivariate logistic regression model revealed that individuals in the highest quartile of vitamin B6 consumption had a significantly lower stroke risk than those in the lowest quartile under the fully adjusted model (OR: 0.48, 95 % CI: 0.35-0.66, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed that dietary intake of vitamin B6 was a significant protective factor against stroke risk in different populations, with the most pronounced effect in the population engaging in moderate-intensity physical activity (OR: 0.34, 95%CI: 0.20-0.57). The RCS models revealed a non-linear L-shaped relationship (P for nonlinearity = 0.006) between stroke and dietary intake of vitamin B6. Conclusions Our study shows that an increased intake of vitamin B6 could be an effective strategy in reducing the risk of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Huizhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Huizhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Huizhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, China
| | - Qikeng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Huizhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, China
| | - Zhenyan Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Huizhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, China
| | - Huixi Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xuesong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Huizhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, China
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Robinson J, Ferreira A, Iacovou M, Kellow NJ. Effect of nutritional interventions on the psychological symptoms of premenstrual syndrome in women of reproductive age: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae043. [PMID: 38684926 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) affects approximately 48% of women of reproductive age worldwide. It can lead to functional impairment, lower quality of life, and decreased work productivity. Despite the availability of medical treatment options, women are seeking alternative interventions because of concerns of harmful side effects and limited evidence of efficacy associated with pharmacological treatments. To date, high-quality research investigating the effects of dietary and nutrient intervention on PMS is limited. OBJECTIVE This systematic review investigated the effect of nutritional interventions on the psychological symptoms of PMS. DATA SOURCES Five electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English from inception to October 2022. Trials eligible for inclusion were nutritional intervention studies involving women of reproductive age that measured PMS-associated psychological outcomes. DATA EXTRACTION Articles were selected using prespecified inclusion criteria. Data screening and extraction and risk-of-bias assessments were conducted by 3 independent reviewers using article screening software and the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool. DATA ANALYSIS Thirty-two articles reporting on 31 RCTs involving 3254 participants, ranging in age from 15 to 50 years were included and narratively reviewed. Only 1 of the included studies had a low risk of bias. Treatment with vitamin B6, calcium, and zinc consistently had significant positive effects on the psychological symptoms of PMS. There was insufficient evidence to support the effects of vitamin B1, vitamin D, whole-grain carbohydrates, soy isoflavones, dietary fatty acids, magnesium, multivitamin supplementation, or PMS-specific diets. CONCLUSIONS There is some evidence to support the use of nutritional interventions for improving psychological symptoms of PMS. However, more research using consistent protocols, procedures to minimize risk of bias, intention-to-treat analysis, and clearer reporting is required to provide conclusive nutritional recommendations for improving PMS-related psychological outcomes. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NO CRD42022369999.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazz Robinson
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amy Ferreira
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marina Iacovou
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Centre of Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicole J Kellow
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Centre of Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Ran L, Xu M, Zhang Z, Zeng X. The association of nutrient intake with epilepsy: A cross-sectional study from NHANES, 2013-2014. Epilepsy Res 2024; 200:107297. [PMID: 38215605 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary nutrient supplements are helpful in the treatment of many diseases, but their effect on epilepsy is still controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the association between dietary intake of multiple nutrients and epilepsy. METHODS A total of 3963 participants from the NHANES database were involved in this study. We compared the dietary intake of 14 nutrients between the normal population and those with epilepsy. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were conducted to evaluate the association of these nutrients with epilepsy. RESULTS Compared with the normal population, the epilepsy patients showed lower intakes of protein, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, Fe, and Zn. Multivariable logistic regression showed the negative association of vitamin B1 (OR = 0.513, 95% CI: 0.293, 0.897) with epilepsy. When vitamin B1 was divided into 4 groups according to quartiles, the highest quartile showed a lower odds ratio (OR = 0.338, 95% CI: 0.115, 0.997) than that of the lowest quartile. In different population stratifications, the association of vitamin B1 with epilepsy was different. Vitamin B1 was negatively associated with the odds ratio of epilepsy among the elderly (OR = 0.243), low-income population (OR = 0.337), and current smokers (OR = 0.283). CONCLUSION Epilepsy patients had significantly lower intakes of vitamin B1, which was inversely associated with epilepsy risk. More detailed clinical trials are needed to accurately evaluate nutritional supplements for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liling Ran
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Mengchang Xu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.
| | - Xin Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Children Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China.
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Alsaeedi A, Welham S, Rose P. Impact of lifestyle factors on dietary vitamin B 6 intake and plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate level in UK adults: National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme (NDNS) (2008-2017). Br J Nutr 2023; 130:1403-1415. [PMID: 36789783 PMCID: PMC10511679 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523000417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Reduction in dietary vitamin B6 intake is associated with an increased relative risk of diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis and cognitive dysfunction. The current research has assessed vitamin B6 intakes and PLP concentrations as a marker of vitamin B6 status among the UK adult (≥ 19 years) population. This study was carried out using a cross-sectional analysis of the National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme (NDNS) (2008-2017). The impacts of lifestyle factors, including type of diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, and commonly used medications grouped by therapeutic usage, were determined, and data were analysed using IBM SPSS®. Results are expressed as medians (25th-75th percentiles), with P values ≤ 0·05 considered statistically significant. Among UK adults, the median intakes of total population of dietary vitamin B6 met the reference nutrient intake and median plasma PLP concentrations were above the cut-off of vitamin B6 deficiency; however, we found an association between reduction in vitamin B6 intake and plasma PLP concentration and age group (P < 0·001). Smokers had significantly lower plasma PLP concentrations than non-smokers (P < 0·001). Moreover, regression analysis showed some commonly used medications were associated with plasma PLP levels reduction (P < 0·05). Taken together, we report on a tendency for dietary vitamin B6 intake and plasma PLP concentrations to decrease with age and lifestyle factors such as smoking and medication usage. This information could have important implications for smokers and in the elderly population using multiple medications (polypharmacy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Asrar Alsaeedi
- Division of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LeicestershireLE12 5RD, UK
| | - Simon Welham
- Division of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LeicestershireLE12 5RD, UK
| | - Peter Rose
- Division of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LeicestershireLE12 5RD, UK
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Morozov R, Stanković D, Avdin V, Zherebtsov D, Romashov M, Selezneva A, Uchaev D, Senin A, Chernukha A. The Effect of Rare-Earth Elements on the Morphological Aspect of Borate and Electrocatalytic Sensing of Biological Compounds. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:901. [PMID: 37887094 PMCID: PMC10605444 DOI: 10.3390/bios13100901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Adjusting the morphological characteristics of a material can result in improved electrocatalytic capabilities of the material itself. An example of this is the introduction of rare-earth elements into the borate structure, which gives a new perspective on the possibilities of this type of material in the field of (bio)sensing. In this paper, we present the preparation of borates including La, Nd and Dy and their application for the modification of a glassy carbon electrode, which is used for the non-enzymatic detection of a biologically relevant molecule, vitamin B6 (pyridoxine). Compared with the others, dysprosium borate has the best electrocatalytic performance, showing the highest current and the lowest impedance, respectively, as determined using cyclic voltammetry and impedance tests. Quantitative testing of B6 was performed in DPV mode in a Britton-Robinson buffer solution with a pH of 6 and an oxidation potential of about +0.8 V. The calibration graph for the evaluation of B6 has a linear range from 1 to 100 μM, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9985 and a detection limit of 0.051 μM. The DyBO3-modified electrode can be used repeatedly, retaining more than 90% of the initial signal level after six cycles. The satisfactory selectivity offered a potential practical application of the chosen method for the monitoring of pyridoxine in artificially prepared biological fluids with acceptable recovery. In light of all the obtained results, this paper shows an important approach for the successful design of electrocatalysts with tuned architecture and opens new strategies for the development of materials for the needs of electrochemical (bio)sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Morozov
- Nanotechnology Research Center, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia; (R.M.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (D.U.); (A.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Dalibor Stanković
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Viacheslav Avdin
- Nanotechnology Research Center, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia; (R.M.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (D.U.); (A.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Dmitri Zherebtsov
- Nanotechnology Research Center, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia; (R.M.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (D.U.); (A.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Mikhail Romashov
- Nanotechnology Research Center, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia; (R.M.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (D.U.); (A.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Anastasia Selezneva
- Nanotechnology Research Center, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia; (R.M.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (D.U.); (A.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Daniil Uchaev
- Nanotechnology Research Center, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia; (R.M.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (D.U.); (A.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Anatoly Senin
- Nanotechnology Research Center, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia; (R.M.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (D.U.); (A.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Alexander Chernukha
- Nanotechnology Research Center, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia; (R.M.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (D.U.); (A.S.); (A.C.)
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Jiang X, Wang Y, Liu J. Comprehensive characterization of amino acids and water-soluble vitamins in a pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures rat model. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2201004. [PMID: 36841992 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202201004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a complex neurological disease characterized by spontaneous recurrent seizures that affect around 1% of the global population. Despite the significant progress in the mechanisms of epileptogenesis, there is still about 60% of cases in which the cause is unknown. Thus, revealing the molecular mechanisms of epileptogenesis will greatly improve the development of epilepsy treatment. Since the comprehensive characterization of amino acids and water-soluble vitamins is important in understanding the underlying mechanisms of epilepsy or seizures, we developed two liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods to quantify 17 water-soluble vitamins and 46 amino acids and applied them to our pentylenetetrazole-induced kindling rat model. All water-soluble vitamins were detected with a linearity of r > 0.992 and limits of quantitation between 0.1 and 5 ng/ml except for nicotinic acid. For amino acids, the linearities obtained were good with correlation coefficients higher than 0.99, and matrix effects were between 85.3% and 110%. To handle the multidimensional data more effectively, multivariate statistical analysis approaches used in non-targeted metabolomics were creatively exploited in the visualization, interpretation, and exploration of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Jiang
- Department of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, P. R. China
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Wang ZJ, Chen LH, Xu J, Xu QX, Xu W, Yang XW. Corylin ameliorates chronic ulcerative colitis via regulating the gut-brain axis and promoting 5-hydroxytryptophan production in the colon. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 110:154651. [PMID: 36634380 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic ulcerative colitis (UC) is a lifelong disease, patients with chronic UC have a high prevalence of common mental disorders. The increasing interest in the role of gut-brain axis is seen in inflammatory bowel diseases. PURPOSE Corylin is a representative flavonoid compound isolated from the Psoraleae Fructus. This study aimed to identify the effects and mechanism of corylin on the inflammation interactions and 5-HT synthesis between the gut and brain in chronic UC. METHODS Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced chronic UC mouse model was established to assess the therapeutic effect of corylin on chronic UC symptoms. The expression of inflammatory cytokines was detected in the colon and brain. The expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins of intestinal mucosal barrier and blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) in the hippocampus were determined by western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. In addition, several tryptophan (Trp) metabolites and related neurotransmitters in faeces, colon, serum, and brain were detected by UPLC-MS/MS. The interaction between corylin and 5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase (5-HTPDC) was performed by molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Finally, the changes of gut microbiota composition were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. RESULTS Corylin significantly alleviated colitis symptoms and inhibited inflammatory response in the colon and brain of DSS-induced chronic UC mice. The TJ proteins of intestinal mucosal barrier and BBB were improved and the expression of Iba1 in the hippocampus was normalized after corylin treatment. In addition, corylin treatment increased the expression of neurotransmitters in the brain, especially 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), but the expression of 5-HT in the colon was inhibited. Further study firstly proved that corylin could bind to the 5-HTDPC, and then inhibit the expression of 5-HTDPC and VB6, resulting in the 5-HT reduction and 5-HTP accumulation in the colon. Moreover, the intake of corylin transformed the diversity and composition of intestinal microbiota, Bacteroides, Escherichia-Shigella, and Turicibacter were decreased but Dubosiella, Enterorhabdus, and Candidatus_Stoquefichus were increased. CONCLUSION Corylin administration ameliorated DSS-induced colitis and inhibited intestinal inflammation and neuroinflammation via regulating the inflammation interactions across gut-brain axis and increasing 5-HTP generation in the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Centre, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Li-Hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Centre, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Centre, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qing-Xia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Centre, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Centre, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiu-Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Centre, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
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10
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The Rationale for Vitamin, Mineral, and Cofactor Treatment in the Precision Medical Care of Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13020252. [PMID: 36836486 PMCID: PMC9964499 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Children with autism spectrum disorder may exhibit nutritional deficiencies due to reduced intake, genetic variants, autoantibodies interfering with vitamin transport, and the accumulation of toxic compounds that consume vitamins. Importantly, vitamins and metal ions are essential for several metabolic pathways and for neurotransmitter functioning. The therapeutic benefits of supplementing vitamins, minerals (Zinc, Magnesium, Molybdenum, and Selenium), and other cofactors (coenzyme Q10, alpha-lipoic acid, and tetrahydrobiopterin) are mediated through their cofactor as well as non-cofactor functions. Interestingly, some vitamins can be safely administered at levels far above the dose typically used to correct the deficiency and exert effects beyond their functional role as enzyme cofactors. Moreover, the interrelationships between these nutrients can be leveraged to obtain synergistic effects using combinations. The present review discusses the current evidence for using vitamins, minerals, and cofactors in autism spectrum disorder, the rationale behind their use, and the prospects for future use.
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11
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Iskra DA, Trufanov AG. [B vitamins and brain dysfunction]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2023; 123:97-101. [PMID: 37490672 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202312307197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
An unbalanced diet and some other factors are the reason for the extreme prevalence of hypovitaminosis among the population of both developing and developed countries. The metabolic relationships of B vitamins determine the more frequent occurrence of poly-, rather than monovitamin deficiency. Since B vitamins play an important role in the processes of energy production and in the functioning of neurotransmitter systems, the first symptoms of such polyhypovitaminosis are signs of brain dysfunction: asthenia, depression, anxiety, cognitive disorders. Correct diagnosis of polyhypovitaminosis based on the identification of risk groups of patients and the determination of their subclinical or early manifesting signs of brain dysfunction is the most important task of a practicing physician. Detection of insufficient intake and vitamin content, as well as verification of the onset of symptoms of brain dysfunction and the appointment of adequate therapy can significantly increase the effectiveness of treatment, as well as prevent asthenic, psycho-emotional and cognitive disorders in patients with polyhypovitaminosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Iskra
- Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A G Trufanov
- Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia
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12
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Validated UPLC-MS/MS method for the analysis of vitamin B6 pyridoxal 5́-phosphate, pyridoxal, pyridoxine, pyridoxamine, and pyridoxic acid in human cerebrospinal fluid. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1212:123503. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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13
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Jarrett H, McNulty H, Hughes CF, Pentieva K, Strain JJ, McCann A, McAnena L, Cunningham C, Molloy AM, Flynn A, Hopkins SM, Horigan G, O'Connor C, Walton J, McNulty BA, Gibney MJ, Lamers Y, Ward M. Vitamin B-6 and riboflavin, their metabolic interaction, and relationship with MTHFR genotype in adults aged 18-102 years. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:1767-1778. [PMID: 36264281 PMCID: PMC9761749 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The generation of the active form of vitamin B-6, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), in tissues is dependent upon riboflavin as flavin mononucleotide, but whether this interaction is important for maintaining vitamin B-6 status is unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate vitamin B-6 and riboflavin status, their metabolic interaction, and relationship with methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genotype in adulthood. METHODS Data from 5612 adults aged 18-102 y were drawn from the Irish National Adult Nutrition Survey (NANS; population-based sample) and the Trinity-Ulster Department of Agriculture (TUDA) and Genovit cohorts (volunteer samples). Plasma PLP and erythrocyte glutathione reductase activation coefficient (EGRac), as a functional indicator of riboflavin, were determined. RESULTS Older (≥65 y) compared with younger (<65 y) adults had significantly lower PLP concentrations (P < 0.001). A stepwise decrease in plasma PLP was observed across riboflavin categories, from optimal (EGRac ≤1.26), to suboptimal (EGRac: 1.27-1.39), to deficient (EGRac ≥1.40) status, an effect most pronounced in older adults (mean ± SEM: 76.4 ± 0.9 vs 65.0 ± 1.1 vs 55.4 ± 1.2 nmol/L; P < 0.001). In individuals with the variant MTHFR 677TT genotype combined with riboflavin deficiency, compared with non-TT (CC/CT) genotype participants with sufficient riboflavin, we observed PLP concentrations of 52.1 ± 2.9 compared with 76.8 ±0.7 nmol/L (P < 0.001). In participants with available dietary data (i.e., NANS cohort, n = 936), PLP was associated with vitamin B-6 intake (nonstandardized regression coefficient β: 2.49; 95% CI 1.75, 3.24; P < 0.001), supplement use (β: 81.72; 95% CI: 66.01, 97.43; P < 0.001), fortified food (β: 12.49; 95% CI: 2.08, 22.91; P = 0.019), and EGRac (β: -65.81; 95% CI: -99.08, -32.54; P < 0.001), along with BMI (β: -1.81; 95% CI: -3.31, -0.30; P = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS These results are consistent with the known metabolic dependency of PLP on flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and suggest that riboflavin may be the limiting nutrient for maintaining vitamin B-6 status, particularly in individuals with the MTHFR 677TT genotype. Randomized trials are necessary to investigate the PLP response to riboflavin intervention within the dietary range. The TUDA study and the NANS are registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT02664584 (27 January 2016) and NCT03374748 (15 December 2017), respectively.Clinical Trial Registry details: Trinity-Ulster-Department of Agriculture (TUDA) study, ClinicalTrials.gov no. NCT02664584 (January 27th 2016); National Adult Nutrition Survey (NANS), ClinicalTrials.gov no. NCT03374748 (December 15th 2017).
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Jarrett
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | | | - Catherine F Hughes
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Kristina Pentieva
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - J J Strain
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian McCann
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Liadhan McAnena
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anne M Molloy
- School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Albert Flynn
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sinead M Hopkins
- Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Geraldine Horigan
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Ciara O'Connor
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Janette Walton
- Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, Cork, Ireland
| | - Breige A McNulty
- Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael J Gibney
- Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Yvonne Lamers
- Food Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mary Ward
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
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14
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Lob K, Bassell-Hawkins J, Patil R, Nie D, Bartolini L. Vitamin B6 decreases the risk of levetiracetam discontinuation in children with epilepsy: A retrospective study. Epilepsy Behav 2022; 134:108839. [PMID: 35839645 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Levetiracetam (LEV) is an anti-seizure medication (ASM) known to have significant behavioral side effects in children with epilepsy. These side effects may be improved by supplemental vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) use. Our research aimed to study risk factors for LEV side effects and the role of vitamin B6 in altering this risk. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the demographic and clinical profile of all pediatric patients on LEV treatment between July 2019 and December 2020. T-tests, Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to assess predictors of LEV discontinuation. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS 150/240 (62%) children were on additional medications besides LEV for epilepsy management. Thirty-five percent children reported side effects, especially behavioral and mood concerns. Of the patients who reported side effects on LEV, 71% were taking vitamin B6 (n = 59). The rate of LEV discontinuation was significantly lower for children on vitamin B6 than children not taking B6, regardless of monotherapy or polypharmacy (49% v 88% respectively, p = 0.001). Over half of the patients who were able to remain on LEV reported improved behavior with B6 supplementation as compared to those who were unable to continue LEV (17/30, 57% versus 0/26, 0%; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Levetiracetam side effects significantly impact the tolerability of this ASM in children with epilepsy. Our results suggest that vitamin B6 supplementation can significantly reduce the odds of discontinuing LEV due to its behavioral side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Lob
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 222 Richmond St, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
| | | | - Rachit Patil
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 222 Richmond St, Providence, RI 02903, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Hasbro Children's Hospital, 593 Eddy St, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
| | - Duyu Nie
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 222 Richmond St, Providence, RI 02903, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Hasbro Children's Hospital, 593 Eddy St, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
| | - Luca Bartolini
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 222 Richmond St, Providence, RI 02903, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Hasbro Children's Hospital, 593 Eddy St, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
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15
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Chen J, Tao Q, Fan L, Shen Y, Liu J, Luo H, Yang Z, Liang M, Gan J. Pyridoxine-responsive KCNQ2 epileptic encephalopathy: Additional cases and literature review. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2022; 10:e2024. [PMID: 35906921 PMCID: PMC9544210 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Typical patients with KCNQ2 (OMIM# 602235) epileptic encephalopathy present early neonatal‐onset intractable seizures with a burst suppression EEG pattern and severe developmental delay or regression, and those patients always fail first‐line treatment with sodium channel blockers. Vitamin B6, either pyridoxine or pyridoxal 50‐phosphate, has been demonstrated to improve seizure control in intractable epilepsy. Methods Here, we collected and summarized the clinical data for four independent cases diagnosed with pyridoxine‐responsive epileptic encephalopathy, and their exome sequencing data. Moreover, we reviewed all published cases and summarized the clinical features, genetic variants, and treatment of pyridoxine‐responsive KCNQ2 epileptic encephalopathy. Results All four cases showed refractory seizures during the neonatal period or infancy, accompanied by global development delay. Four pathogenetic variants of KCNQ2 were uncovered and confirmed by Sanger sequencing: KCNQ2 [NM_172107.4: c.2312C > T (p.Thr771Ile), c.873G > C (p.Arg291Ser), c.652 T > A (p.Trp218Arg) and c.913‐915del (p. Phe305del)]. Sodium channel blockers and other anti‐seizure medications failed to control their seizures. The frequency of seizures gradually decreased after treatment with high‐dose pyridoxine. In case 1, case 2, and case 4, clinical seizures relapsed when pyridoxine was withdrawn, and seizures were controlled again when pyridoxine treatment was resumed. Conclusion Our study suggests that pyridoxine may be a promising adjunctive treatment option for patients with KCNQ2 epileptic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Development and Maternal and Child Diseases of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiuji Tao
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Development and Maternal and Child Diseases of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijuan Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Development and Maternal and Child Diseases of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Yajun Shen
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Development and Maternal and Child Diseases of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Development and Maternal and Child Diseases of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Development and Maternal and Child Diseases of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | | | | | - Jing Gan
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Development and Maternal and Child Diseases of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
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16
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Heilfort L, Kutschan S, Dörfler J, Freuding M, Büntzel J, Münstedt K, Hübner J. A Systematic Review of the Benefit of B-Vitamins as a Complementary Treatment in Cancer Patients. Nutr Cancer 2022; 75:33-47. [PMID: 35819060 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2098348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
B-vitamins act as enzymatic co-factors in immune functions, therefore they are considered to reduce chemotherapy-induced side effects in cancer patients. We conducted a systematic search, screening five electronic databases (Embase, Cochrane, PsychInfo, CINAHL and Medline) to find studies on the effectiveness and potential harm of B-vitamin therapy on cancer patients. Out of the 7465 search results, 11 RCTs about vitamin B6, B12 and B-vitamins in combination were included in this systematic review. A total of 1546 patients with diverse types of cancer were evaluated. Overall, most studies were of acceptable quality and reported consistent results. Studies examining the effectiveness of vitamin B6 reported that there is no significant impact on decreasing the incidence and severity of chemotherapy-induced side effects (e.g., hand-foot syndrome), the necessity of chemotherapy dose-modifications or improving patients' quality of life, tumor response/progression, and overall survival. Two studies reported that vitamin B12 could be effective in the alleviation of symptoms resulting from chemotherapy; it might decrease motor, sensory and pain symptoms of peripheral neuropathy. However, a combination of B vitamins may not reduce the incidence of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. All in all, the evidence on B-vitamins in cancer patients is low and supplementation cannot be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Heilfort
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - S Kutschan
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - J Dörfler
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - M Freuding
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - J Büntzel
- Klinik für HNO-Erkrankungen, Südharz-Klinikum Nordhausen, Nordhausen, Germany
| | - K Münstedt
- Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Ortenau Klinikum Offenburg-Gengenbach, Offenburg, Germany
| | - J Hübner
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
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17
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Ito T. Role of the conserved pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-binding protein YggS/PLPBP in vitamin B6 and amino acid homeostasis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2022; 86:1183-1191. [PMID: 35803498 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbac113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The YggS/PLPBP protein (also called COG0325 or PLPHP) is a conserved pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-binding protein present in all three domains of life. Recent studies have demonstrated that disruption or mutation of this protein has multifaceted effects in various organisms, including vitamin B6-dependent epilepsy in humans. In Escherichia coli, disruption of this protein-encoded by yggS-perturbs Thr-Ile/Val metabolism, one-carbon metabolism, coenzyme A synthesis, and vitamin B6 homeostasis. This protein is critical for maintaining low levels of pyridoxine 5'-phosphate (PNP) in various organisms. In the yggS-deficient E. coli strain, inhibition of PLP-dependent enzymes, such as the glycine cleavage system by PNP is the root cause of metabolic perturbation. Our data suggest that the YggS/PLPBP protein may be involved in the balancing of B6 vitamers by mediating efficient turnover of protein-bound B6 vitamers. This paper reviews recent findings on the function of the YggS/PLPBP protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Ito
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furou-chou, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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18
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Brun EMSPT, Calvert ND, Suchý M, Kirby A, Melkus G, Garipov R, Addison CL, Shuhendler AJ. Mapping vitamin B 6 metabolism by hydrazoCEST magnetic resonance imaging. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10867-10870. [PMID: 34665184 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03704h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new CEST-MRI contrast agent, 2-HYNIC, capable of sensing aromatic aldehydes is reported. Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, a key Vitamin B6 metabolite necessary for >140 biotransformations was mapped by CEST-MRI in vitro and in vivo in lung cancer. 2-HYNIC provided access to this key biomarker associated with a variety of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Marie Sophie Patit-Tha Brun
- Dept. Chemistry & Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. .,University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicholas David Calvert
- Dept. Chemistry & Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. .,University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mojmír Suchý
- Dept. Chemistry & Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. .,University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexia Kirby
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Dept. Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gerd Melkus
- Dept. Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Dept. Radiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Christina L Addison
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,Dept. Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Dept. Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam J Shuhendler
- Dept. Chemistry & Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. .,University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Dept. Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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19
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Zhang C, Luo J, Yuan C, Ding D. Vitamin B12, B6, or Folate and Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 77:781-794. [PMID: 32773392 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have indicated that B vitamin deficiencies are an essential cause of neurological pathology. There is a need to provide evidence of the benefit of B vitamins for the prevention of cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between intake and plasma levels of vitamins B12, B6, and folate and cognitive function in older populations through a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS Medline (PubMed), EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were used to search the literature though August 8, 2019. We included observational population-based studies evaluating the association between concentrations or intake levels of vitamins B6, B12, or folate and cognition in older adults aged ≥45 years. The quality of all studies was assessed by the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) were analyzed by the random-effects model. Sensitivity analyses were conducted by excluding the studies with significant heterogeneity. RESULTS Twenty-one observational studies with sample sizes ranging from 155-7030 were included in the meta-analysis. Higher levels of vitamin B12 (OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.61-0.97) and folate concentration (OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.51-0.90) were associated with better cognition in cross-sectional studies, but not in sensitivity analyses or prospective studies. High vitamin B6 concentrations showed no significant benefit on cognition and dementia risk. Prospective studies did not provide substantial evidence for the relationship. CONCLUSION The results from our meta-analysis suggest that vitamins B12, B6, and folate may not be modifiable risk factors for slowing cognitive decline among community-dwelling older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenbo Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Luo
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| | - Changzheng Yuan
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ding Ding
- Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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20
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Sallabi SM, Alhmoudi A, Alshekaili M, Shah I. Determination of Vitamin B3 Vitamer (Nicotinamide) and Vitamin B6 Vitamers in Human Hair Using LC-MS/MS. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154487. [PMID: 34361640 PMCID: PMC8348001 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Water-soluble B vitamins participate in numerous crucial metabolic reactions and are critical for maintaining our health. Vitamin B deficiencies cause many different types of diseases, such as dementia, anaemia, cardiovascular disease, neural tube defects, Crohn’s disease, celiac disease, and HIV. Vitamin B3 deficiency is linked to pellagra and cancer, while niacin (or nicotinic acid) lowers low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglycerides in the blood and increases high-density lipoprotein (HDL). A highly sensitive and robust liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectroscopy (LC/MS-MS) method was developed to detect and quantify a vitamin B3 vitamer (nicotinamide) and vitamin B6 vitamers (pyridoxial 5′-phosphate (PLP), pyridoxal hydrochloride (PL), pyridoxamine dihydrochloride (PM), pridoxamine-5′-phosphate (PMP), and pyridoxine hydrochloride (PN)) in human hair samples of the UAE population. Forty students’ volunteers took part in the study and donated their hair samples. The analytes were extracted and then separated using a reversed-phase Poroshell EC-C18 column, eluted using two mobile phases, and quantified using LC/MS-MS system. The method was validated in human hair using parameters such as linearity, intra- and inter-day accuracy, and precision and recovery. The method was then used to detect vitamin B3 and B6 vitamers in the human hair samples. Of all the vitamin B3 and B6 vitamers tested, only nicotinamide was detected and quantified in human hair. Of the 40 samples analysed, 12 were in the range 100–200 pg/mg, 15 in the range 200–500 pg/mg, 9 in the range of 500–4000 pg/mg. The LC/MS-MS method is effective, sensitive, and robust for the detection of vitamin B3 and its vitamer nicotinamide in human hair samples. This developed hair test can be used in clinical examination to complement blood and urine tests for the long-term deficiency, detection, and quantification of nicotinamide.
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21
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Mittal RR, Manokaran RK, James S. Treatable Cause of Refractory Seizures in an Infant with a Novel Mutation. J Pediatr Neurosci 2021; 16:69-70. [PMID: 34316313 PMCID: PMC8276961 DOI: 10.4103/jpn.jpn_68_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy is a treatable cause of epilepsy, which is very well known. It is most commonly caused by mutations in ALDH7A1 and PNPO genes. A 5-month-old infant presented with refractory seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain was normal. Clinical exome sequencing showed a novel mutation in PROSC gene. He responded very well to pyridoxine and has been seizure free since the beginning of the treatment. PROSC gene mutations have been recently described as a cause for pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy. Here, we describe a first case report of PROSC mutation from India with a rare genetic variant presenting as pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi R Mittal
- Department of Paediatrics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ranjith Kumar Manokaran
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saji James
- Department of Paediatrics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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22
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Saba JD, Keller N, Wang JY, Tang F, Slavin A, Shen Y. Genotype/Phenotype Interactions and First Steps Toward Targeted Therapy for Sphingosine Phosphate Lyase Insufficiency Syndrome. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 79:547-559. [PMID: 34133011 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-01013-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase insufficiency syndrome (SPLIS) is a rare metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency in sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase (SPL), the final enzyme in the sphingolipid degradative pathway. Inactivating mutations of SGPL1-the gene encoding SPL-lead to a deficiency of its downstream products, and buildup of sphingolipid intermediates, including its bioactive substrate, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), the latter causing lymphopenia, a hallmark of the disease. Other manifestations of SPLIS include nephrotic syndrome, neuronal defects, and adrenal insufficiency, but their pathogenesis remains unknown. In this report, we describe the correlation between SGPL1 genotypes, age at diagnosis, and patient outcome. Vitamin B6 serves as a cofactor for SPL. B6 supplementation may aid some SPLIS patients by overcoming poor binding kinetics and promoting proper folding and stability of mutant SPL proteins. However, this approach remains limited to patients with a susceptible allele. Gene therapy represents a potential targeted therapy for SPLIS patients harboring B6-unresponsive missense mutations, truncations, deletions, and splice-site mutations. When Sgpl1 knockout (SPLKO) mice that model SPLIS were treated with adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated SGPL1 gene therapy, they showed profound improvement in survival and kidney and neurological function compared to untreated SPLKO mice. Thus, gene therapy appears promising as a universal, potentially curative treatment for SPLIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie D Saba
- UCSF Department of Pediatrics, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Nancy Keller
- UCSF Department of Pediatrics, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jen-Yeu Wang
- UCSF Department of Pediatrics, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Felicia Tang
- UCSF Department of Pediatrics, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Avi Slavin
- UCSF Department of Pediatrics, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yizhuo Shen
- UCSF Department of Pediatrics, San Francisco, CA, USA
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23
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Toriumi K, Miyashita M, Suzuki K, Yamasaki N, Yasumura M, Horiuchi Y, Yoshikawa A, Asakura M, Usui N, Itokawa M, Arai M. Vitamin B6 deficiency hyperactivates the noradrenergic system, leading to social deficits and cognitive impairment. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:262. [PMID: 33941768 PMCID: PMC8093222 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01381-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We have reported that a subpopulation of patients with schizophrenia have lower levels of vitamin B6 (VB6) in peripheral blood than do healthy controls. In a previous study, we found that VB6 level was inversely proportional to the patient's positive and negative symptom scale (PANSS) score for measuring symptom severity, suggesting that the loss of VB6 might contribute to the development of schizophrenia symptoms. In the present study, to clarify the relationship between VB6 deficiency and schizophrenia, we generated VB6-deficient (VB6(-)) mice through feeding with a VB6-lacking diet as a mouse model for the subpopulation of schizophrenia patients with VB6 deficiency. After feeding for 4 weeks, plasma VB6 level in VB6(-) mice decreased to 3% of that in control mice. The VB6(-) mice showed social deficits and cognitive impairment. Furthermore, the VB6(-) mice showed a marked increase in 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) in the brain, suggesting enhanced noradrenaline (NA) metabolism in VB6(-) mice. We confirmed the increased NA release in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the striatum (STR) of VB6(-) mice through in vivo microdialysis. Moreover, inhibiting the excessive NA release by treatment with VB6 supplementation into the brain and α2A adrenoreceptor agonist guanfacine (GFC) suppressed the increased NA metabolism and ameliorated the behavioral deficits. These findings suggest that the behavioral deficits shown in VB6(-) mice are caused by enhancement of the noradrenergic (NAergic) system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Toriumi
- Project for Schizophrenia Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506 Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Miyashita
- Project for Schizophrenia Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506 Japan ,Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, Tokyo, 156-0057 Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Suzuki
- Project for Schizophrenia Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506 Japan ,Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Nagano, 390-8621 Japan
| | | | | | - Yasue Horiuchi
- Project for Schizophrenia Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506 Japan
| | - Akane Yoshikawa
- Project for Schizophrenia Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506 Japan
| | - Mai Asakura
- Project for Schizophrenia Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506 Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Usui
- Center for Medical Research and Education, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan ,Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Masanari Itokawa
- Project for Schizophrenia Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506 Japan ,Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, Tokyo, 156-0057 Japan
| | - Makoto Arai
- Project for Schizophrenia Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan.
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24
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Moon N, Figgins B, Altshuler E, Pham A, Kamel AY. Concurrent zinc and vitamin B 6 deficiencies in acutely exacerbated inflammatory bowel disease: Case reports. Nutr Clin Pract 2021; 37:203-208. [PMID: 33930197 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited evidence is available to describe the prevalence, causes, and consequences of zinc and vitamin B6 deficiencies in those with acutely exacerbated inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Zinc is important for immune function and wound healing, and B6 is needed for metabolic and neurological function. Patients with IBD are at risk of micronutrient deficiencies, particularly during flares. PRESENTATIONS The cases of 2 patients with IBD exacerbations were reviewed in which deficiencies of both zinc and vitamin B6 were identified. CONCLUSIONS These cases highlight the need for increased screening for zinc and pyridoxine deficiencies in IBD population, especially during disease exacerbation. Therefore, we recommend a comprehensive nutrition workup with physical exam, diet history, and a complete micronutrient panel while ruling out contributing factors. If patients are susceptible to deficiencies during flares, prophylactic oral zinc and pyridoxine supplementation may be considered, with close monitoring for subsequent iron and copper deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeel Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Bradley Figgins
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ellery Altshuler
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Angela Pham
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Amir Y Kamel
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Pharmacotherapy and Transitional Research, University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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25
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Hadtstein F, Vrolijk M. Vitamin B-6-Induced Neuropathy: Exploring the Mechanisms of Pyridoxine Toxicity. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1911-1929. [PMID: 33912895 PMCID: PMC8483950 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B-6 in the form of pyridoxine (PN) is commonly used by the general population. The use of PN-containing supplements has gained lots of attention over the past years as they have been related to the development of peripheral neuropathy. In light of this, the number of reported cases of adverse health effects due to the use of vitamin B-6 have increased. Despite a long history of study, the pathogenic mechanisms associated with PN toxicity remain elusive. Therefore, the present review is focused on investigating the mechanistic link between PN supplementation and sensory peripheral neuropathy. Excessive PN intake induces neuropathy through the preferential injury of sensory neurons. Recent reports on hereditary neuropathy due to pyridoxal kinase (PDXK) mutations may provide some insight into the mechanism, as genetic deficiencies in PDXK lead to the development of axonal sensory neuropathy. High circulating concentrations of PN may lead to a similar condition via the inhibition of PDXK. The mechanism behind PDXK-induced neuropathy is unknown; however, there is reason to believe that it may be related to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission. Compounds that inhibit PDXK lead to convulsions and reductions in GABA biosynthesis. The absence of central nervous system-related symptoms in PDXK deficiency could be due to differences in the regulation of PDXK, where PDXK activity is preserved in the brain but not in peripheral tissues. As PN is relatively impermeable to the blood-brain barrier, PDXK inhibition would similarly be confined to the peripheries and, as a result, GABA signaling may be perturbed within peripheral tissues, such as sensory neurons. Perturbed GABA signaling within sensory neurons may lead to excitotoxicity, neurodegeneration, and ultimately, the development of peripheral neuropathy. For several reasons, we conclude that PDXK inhibition and consequently disrupted GABA neurotransmission is the most plausible mechanism of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Hadtstein
- University College Venlo, Campus Venlo, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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26
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Rudzki L, Stone TW, Maes M, Misiak B, Samochowiec J, Szulc A. Gut microbiota-derived vitamins - underrated powers of a multipotent ally in psychiatric health and disease. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 107:110240. [PMID: 33428888 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the well-established roles of B-vitamins and their deficiencies in health and disease, there is growing evidence indicating a key role of those nutrients in functions of the central nervous system and in psychopathology. Clinical data indicate the substantial role of B-vitamins in various psychiatric disorders, including major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, autism, and dementia, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. As enzymatic cofactors, B-vitamins are involved in many physiological processes such as the metabolism of glucose, fatty acids and amino acids, metabolism of tryptophan in the kynurenine pathway, homocysteine metabolism, synthesis and metabolism of various neurotransmitters and neurohormones including serotonin, dopamine, adrenaline, acetylcholine, GABA, glutamate, D-serine, glycine, histamine and melatonin. Those vitamins are highly involved in brain energetic metabolism and respiration at the cellular level. They have a broad range of anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. Furthermore, some of those vitamins are involved in the regulation of permeability of the intestinal and blood-brain barriers. Despite the fact that a substantial amount of the above vitamins is acquired from various dietary sources, deficiencies are not uncommon, and it is estimated that micronutrient deficiencies affect about two billion people worldwide. The majority of gut-resident microbes and the broad range of bacteria available in fermented food, express genetic machinery enabling the synthesis and metabolism of B-vitamins and, consequently, intestinal microbiota and fermented food rich in probiotic bacteria are essential sources of B-vitamins for humans. All in all, there is growing evidence that intestinal bacteria-derived vitamins play a significant role in physiology and that dysregulation of the "microbiota-vitamins frontier" is related to various disorders. In this review, we will discuss the role of vitamins in mental health and explore the perspectives and potential of how gut microbiota-derived vitamins could contribute to mental health and psychiatric treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leszek Rudzki
- The Charleston Centre, 49 Neilston Road, Paisley PA2 6LY, UK.
| | | | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria; IMPACT Strategic Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Błażej Misiak
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 10 Street, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Samochowiec
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 26 Street, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agata Szulc
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
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27
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Montioli R, Bellezza I, Desbats MA, Borri Voltattorni C, Salviati L, Cellini B. Deficit of human ornithine aminotransferase in gyrate atrophy: Molecular, cellular, and clinical aspects. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2020; 1869:140555. [PMID: 33068755 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2020.140555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gyrate Atrophy (GA) of the choroid and retina (MIM# 258870) is an autosomal recessive disorder due to mutations of the OAT gene encoding ornithine-delta-aminotransferase (OAT), associated with progressive retinal deterioration and blindness. The disease has a theoretical global incidence of approximately 1:1,500,000. OAT is mainly involved in ornithine catabolism in adults, thus explaining the hyperornithinemia as hallmark of the disease. Patients are treated with an arginine-restricted diet, to limit ornithine load, or the administration of Vitamin B6, a precursor of the OAT coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate. Although the clinical and genetic aspects of GA are known for many years, the enzymatic phenotype of pathogenic variants and their response to Vitamin B6, as well as the molecular mechanisms explaining retinal damage, are poorly clarified. Herein, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the biochemical properties of human OAT and on the molecular, cellular, and clinical aspects of GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Montioli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bellezza
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Andrea Desbats
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Carla Borri Voltattorni
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Leonardo Salviati
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Barbara Cellini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
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28
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Zhao P, Liu ID, Hodgin JB, Benke PI, Selva J, Torta F, Wenk MR, Endrizzi JA, West O, Ou W, Tang E, Goh DLM, Tay SKH, Yap HK, Loh A, Weaver N, Sullivan B, Larson A, Cooper MA, Alhasan K, Alangari AA, Salim S, Gumus E, Chen K, Zenker M, Hildebrandt F, Saba JD. Responsiveness of sphingosine phosphate lyase insufficiency syndrome to vitamin B6 cofactor supplementation. J Inherit Metab Dis 2020; 43:1131-1142. [PMID: 32233035 PMCID: PMC8072405 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) lyase is a vitamin B6-dependent enzyme that degrades sphingosine-1-phosphate in the final step of sphingolipid metabolism. In 2017, a new inherited disorder was described caused by mutations in SGPL1, which encodes sphingosine phosphate lyase (SPL). This condition is referred to as SPL insufficiency syndrome (SPLIS) or alternatively as nephrotic syndrome type 14 (NPHS14). Patients with SPLIS exhibit lymphopenia, nephrosis, adrenal insufficiency, and/or neurological defects. No targeted therapy for SPLIS has been reported. Vitamin B6 supplementation has therapeutic activity in some genetic diseases involving B6-dependent enzymes, a finding ascribed largely to the vitamin's chaperone function. We investigated whether B6 supplementation might have activity in SPLIS patients. We retrospectively monitored responses of disease biomarkers in patients supplemented with B6 and measured SPL activity and sphingolipids in B6-treated patient-derived fibroblasts. In two patients, disease biomarkers responded to B6 supplementation. S1P abundance and activity levels increased and sphingolipids decreased in response to B6. One responsive patient is homozygous for an SPL R222Q variant present in almost 30% of SPLIS patients. Molecular modeling suggests the variant distorts the dimer interface which could be overcome by cofactor supplementation. We demonstrate the first potential targeted therapy for SPLIS and suggest that 30% of SPLIS patients might respond to cofactor supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piming Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Isaac D. Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeffrey B. Hodgin
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Hospitals and Health Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Peter I. Benke
- SLING, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeremy Selva
- SLING, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Federico Torta
- SLING, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Markus R. Wenk
- SLING, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - James A. Endrizzi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Olivia West
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Weixing Ou
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Emily Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Denise Li-Meng Goh
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stacey Kiat-Hong Tay
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui-Kim Yap
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alwin Loh
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicole Weaver
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Bonnie Sullivan
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Austin Larson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado
| | - Megan A. Cooper
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Khalid Alhasan
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A. Alangari
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suha Salim
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Evren Gumus
- Department of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Karin Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human Genetics, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Julie D. Saba
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, California
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29
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Significantly Elevated Levels of Plasma Nicotinamide, Pyridoxal, and Pyridoxamine Phosphate Levels in Obese Emirati Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173932. [PMID: 32872122 PMCID: PMC7504312 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Water-soluble vitamins like B3 (nicotinamide), B6 (pyridoxine), and B9 (folic acid) are of utmost importance in human health and disease, as they are involved in numerous critical metabolic reactions. Not surprisingly, deficiencies of these vitamins have been linked to various disease states. Unfortunately, not much is known about the physiological levels of B6 vitamers and vitamin B3 in an ethnically isolated group (such as an Emirati population), as well as their relationship with obesity. The aim of the present study was to quantify various B6 vitamers, as well as B3, in the plasma of obese and healthy Emirati populations and to examine their correlation with obesity. A sensitive and robust HPLC-MS/MS-based method was developed for the simultaneous quantitation of five physiologically relevant forms of vitamin B6, namely pyridoxal, pyridoxine, pyridoxamine, pyridoxamine phosphate, and pyridoxal phosphate, as well as nicotinamide, in human plasma. This method was used to quantify the concentrations of these vitamers in the plasma of 57 healthy and 57 obese Emirati volunteers. Our analysis showed that the plasma concentrations of nicotinamide, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine phosphate in the obese Emirati population were significantly higher than those in healthy volunteers (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0006, and p = 0.002, respectively). No significant differences were observed for the plasma concentrations of pyridoxine and pyridoxal phosphate. Furthermore, the concentrations of some of these vitamers in healthy Emirati volunteers were significantly different than those published in the literature for Western populations, such as American and European volunteers. This initial study underscores the need to quantify micronutrients in distinct ethnic groups, as well as people suffering from chronic metabolic disorders.
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30
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Barile A, Nogués I, di Salvo ML, Bunik V, Contestabile R, Tramonti A. Molecular characterization of pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase and its pathogenic forms associated with neonatal epileptic encephalopathy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13621. [PMID: 32788630 PMCID: PMC7424515 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70598-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Defects of vitamin B6 metabolism are responsible for severe neurological disorders, such as pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate oxidase deficiency (PNPOD; OMIM: 610090), an autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism that usually manifests with neonatal-onset severe seizures and subsequent encephalopathy. At present, 27 pathogenic mutations of the gene encoding human PNPO are known, 13 of which are homozygous missense mutations; however, only 3 of them have been characterised with respect to the molecular and functional properties of the variant enzyme forms. Moreover, studies on wild type and variant human PNPOs have so far largely ignored the regulation properties of this enzyme. Here, we present a detailed characterisation of the inhibition mechanism of PNPO by pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), the reaction product of the enzyme. Our study reveals that human PNPO has an allosteric PLP binding site that plays a crucial role in the enzyme regulation and therefore in the regulation of vitamin B6 metabolism in humans. Furthermore, we have produced, recombinantly expressed and characterised several PNPO pathogenic variants responsible for PNPOD (G118R, R141C, R225H, R116Q/R225H, and X262Q). Such replacements mainly affect the catalytic activity of PNPO and binding of the enzyme substrate and FMN cofactor, leaving the allosteric properties unaltered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Barile
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabel Nogués
- Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00015, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Martino L di Salvo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Victoria Bunik
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Department of Biochemistry, Sechenov University, Trubetskaya, 8/2, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Roberto Contestabile
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.
| | - Angela Tramonti
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy. .,Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.
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31
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Jungert A, Linseisen J, Wagner KH, Richter M. Revised D-A-CH Reference Values for the Intake of Vitamin B6. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2020; 76:213-222. [PMID: 32690847 DOI: 10.1159/000508618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Nutrition Societies of Germany, Austria, and Switzerland as the joint editors of the "D-A-CH reference values for nutrient intake" have revised the reference values for vitamin B6 in summer 2019. SUMMARY For women, the average requirement (AR) for vitamin B6 intake was derived on the basis of balance studies using a pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) plasma concentration of ≥30 nmol/L as a biomarker of an adequate vitamin B6 status. The recommended intake (RI) was derived considering a coefficient of variation of 10%. The RIs of vitamin B6 for men, children, and adolescents were extrapolated from the vitamin B6 requirement for women considering differences in body weight, an allometric exponent, growth factors as appropriate, and a coefficient of variation. For infants aged 0 to under 4 months, an estimated value was set based on the vitamin B6 intake via breast feeding. The reference value for infants aged 4 to under 12 months was extrapolated from the estimated value for infants under 4 months of age and the average vitamin B6 requirement for adults. The reference values for pregnant and lactating women consider the requirements for the foetus and the loss via breast milk. Key Messages: According to the combined analysis of 5 balance studies, the AR for vitamin B6 to ensure a plasma PLP concentration of ≥30 nmol/L is 1.2 mg/day for adult females and the extrapolated AR for adult males is 1.3 mg/day. The corresponding RIs of vitamin B6 are 1.4 mg/day for adult females and 1.6 mg/day for adult males, independent of age. For infants, the estimated value is 0.1 mg/day and 0.3 mg/day, depending on age. The AR of vitamin B6 for children and adolescents ranges between 0.5 and 1.5 mg/day, and the RI is between 0.6 mg/day and 1.6 mg/day. During pregnancy, the AR is 1.3 mg/day in the first trimester and 1.5 mg/day in the second and third trimesters; the RI is 1.5 mg/day in the first trimester and 1.8 mg/day in the second and third trimesters. For lactating women, the AR is 1.3 mg/day and the RI is 1.6 mg/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Jungert
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Biometry and Population Genetics, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jakob Linseisen
- Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Augsburg, Germany.,Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Wagner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Margrit Richter
- Department of Science, German Nutrition Society (DGE), Bonn, Germany,
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32
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Bukhari SI, Alfawaz H, Al-Dbass A, Bhat RS, Moubayed NMS, Bukhari W, Hassan SA, Merghani N, Elsamaligy S, El-Ansary A. Efficacy of Novavit in ameliorating the neurotoxicity of propionic acid. Transl Neurosci 2020; 11:134-146. [PMID: 33312719 PMCID: PMC7705989 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2020-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, abnormal fatty acid metabolism, and impaired gut microbiota play a serious role in the pathology of autism. The use of dietary supplements to improve the core symptoms of autism is a common therapeutic strategy. The present study analyzed the effects of oral supplementation with Novavit, a multi-ingredient supplement, on ameliorating oxidative stress and impaired lipid metabolism in a propionic acid (PPA)-induced rodent model of autism. Male western albino rats were divided into three groups. The first group is the control, the second group was given an oral neurotoxic dose of PPA (250 mg/kg body weight/day) for 3 days and then received buffered saline until the end of the experiment. The third group received Novavit (70 mg/kg body weight/day for 30 days after the 3-day PPA treatment). Markers of oxidative stress and impaired fatty acid metabolism were measured in brain homogenates obtained from each group. Novavit modulation of the gut microbiota was also evaluated. While PPA induced significant increases in lipid peroxides and 5-lipoxygenase, together with significantly decreased glutathione, and cyclooxygenase 2, oral supplementation with Novavit ameliorated PPA-induced oxidative stress and impaired fatty acid metabolism. Our results showed that the presence of multivitamins, coenzyme Q10, minerals, and colostrum, the major components of Novavit, protects against PPA-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah I. Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Alfawaz
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Al-Dbass
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramesa Shafi Bhat
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadine MS Moubayed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wadha Bukhari
- Central Laboratory, Female Center for Medical Studies and Scientific Section, King Saud University, P O Box 22452, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nada Merghani
- Central Laboratory, Female Center for Medical Studies and Scientific Section, King Saud University, P O Box 22452, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar Elsamaligy
- Department of Pharamaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Afaf El-Ansary
- Central Laboratory, Female Center for Medical Studies and Scientific Section, King Saud University, P O Box 22452, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Therapeutic Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt
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33
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Magan JB, O’Callaghan TF, Zheng J, Zhang L, Mandal R, Hennessy D, Fenelon MA, Wishart DS, Kelly AL, McCarthy NA. Effect of Diet on the Vitamin B Profile of Bovine Milk-Based Protein Ingredients. Foods 2020; 9:E578. [PMID: 32375412 PMCID: PMC7278826 DOI: 10.3390/foods9050578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of diet on the water-soluble vitamin composition of skim milk powder and whey protein ingredients produced from the milk of cows fed pasture or concentrate-based diets was examined. Fifty-one Holstein-Friesian cows were randomly assigned into three diets (n=17) consisting of outdoor grazing of perennial ryegrass (GRS), perennial ryegrass/white clover (CLV), or indoor feeding of total mixed ration (TMR) for an entire lactation. Raw mid-lactation milk from each group was processed into skim milk powder and further processed to yield micellar casein whey and acid whey. Sweet whey was also produced by renneting of pasteurised whole milk from each system. The water-soluble vitamin profile of each sample was analysed using a combination of direct injection mass spectrometry and reverse-phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Vitamin B3 and B3-amide concentrations were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in TMR-derived samples than in those from CLV and GRS, respectively. Vitamin B1, B2, and B7 concentrations were significantly higher in GRS and CLV-derived samples than those from TMR. Significant differences in vitamins B1, B2, and B3-amide were also observed between protein ingredient types. This study indicates that bovine feeding systems have a significant effect on B vitamin composition across a range of protein ingredient types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan B. Magan
- Food Chemistry & Technology Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland; (J.B.M.); (T.F.O.); (M.A.F.)
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Tom F. O’Callaghan
- Food Chemistry & Technology Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland; (J.B.M.); (T.F.O.); (M.A.F.)
| | - Jiamin Zheng
- The Metabolomics Innovation Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G1C9, Canada; (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (R.M.); (D.S.W.)
| | - Lun Zhang
- The Metabolomics Innovation Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G1C9, Canada; (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (R.M.); (D.S.W.)
| | - Rupasri Mandal
- The Metabolomics Innovation Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G1C9, Canada; (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (R.M.); (D.S.W.)
| | - Deirdre Hennessy
- Teagasc Animal and Grassland Research & Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Mark A. Fenelon
- Food Chemistry & Technology Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland; (J.B.M.); (T.F.O.); (M.A.F.)
| | - David S. Wishart
- The Metabolomics Innovation Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G1C9, Canada; (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (R.M.); (D.S.W.)
| | - Alan L. Kelly
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Noel A. McCarthy
- Food Chemistry & Technology Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland; (J.B.M.); (T.F.O.); (M.A.F.)
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34
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Contestabile R, di Salvo ML, Bunik V, Tramonti A, Vernì F. The multifaceted role of vitamin B 6 in cancer: Drosophila as a model system to investigate DNA damage. Open Biol 2020; 10:200034. [PMID: 32208818 PMCID: PMC7125957 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A perturbed uptake of micronutrients, such as minerals and vitamins, impacts on different human diseases, including cancer and neurological disorders. Several data converge towards a crucial role played by many micronutrients in genome integrity maintenance and in the establishment of a correct DNA methylation pattern. Failure in the proper accomplishment of these processes accelerates senescence and increases the risk of developing cancer, by promoting the formation of chromosome aberrations and deregulating the expression of oncogenes. Here, the main recent evidence regarding the impact of some B vitamins on DNA damage and cancer is summarized, providing an integrated and updated analysis, mainly centred on vitamin B6. In many cases, it is difficult to finely predict the optimal vitamin rate that is able to protect against DNA damage, as this can be influenced by a given individual's genotype. For this purpose, a precious resort is represented by model organisms which allow limitations imposed by more complex systems to be overcome. In this review, we show that Drosophila can be a useful model to deeply understand mechanisms underlying the relationship between vitamin B6 and genome integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Contestabile
- Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti and Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche 'A. Rossi Fanelli', Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro, 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Martino Luigi di Salvo
- Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti and Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche 'A. Rossi Fanelli', Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro, 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Victoria Bunik
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Sechenov Medical University, Sechenov University, 119048 Moscow, Russia
| | - Angela Tramonti
- Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti and Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche 'A. Rossi Fanelli', Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro, 5, 00185, Roma, Italy.,Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pl.e A. Moro, 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Vernì
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza Università di Roma, Pl.e A. Moro, 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
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35
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Vitamins and Minerals for Energy, Fatigue and Cognition: A Narrative Review of the Biochemical and Clinical Evidence. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12010228. [PMID: 31963141 PMCID: PMC7019700 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamins and minerals are essential to humans as they play essential roles in a variety of basic metabolic pathways that support fundamental cellular functions. In particular, their involvement in energy-yielding metabolism, DNA synthesis, oxygen transport, and neuronal functions makes them critical for brain and muscular function. These, in turn, translate into effects on cognitive and psychological processes, including mental and physical fatigue. This review is focused on B vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B8, B9 and B12), vitamin C, iron, magnesium and zinc, which have recognized roles in these outcomes. It summarizes the biochemical bases and actions of these micronutrients at both the molecular and cellular levels and connects them with cognitive and psychological symptoms, as well as manifestations of fatigue that may occur when status or supplies of these micronutrients are not adequate.
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36
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Johnstone DL, Al-Shekaili HH, Tarailo-Graovac M, Wolf NI, Ivy AS, Demarest S, Roussel Y, Ciapaite J, van Roermund CWT, Kernohan KD, Kosuta C, Ban K, Ito Y, McBride S, Al-Thihli K, Abdelrahim RA, Koul R, Al Futaisi A, Haaxma CA, Olson H, Sigurdardottir LY, Arnold GL, Gerkes EH, Boon M, Heiner-Fokkema MR, Noble S, Bosma M, Jans J, Koolen DA, Kamsteeg EJ, Drögemöller B, Ross CJ, Majewski J, Cho MT, Begtrup A, Wasserman WW, Bui T, Brimble E, Violante S, Houten SM, Wevers RA, van Faassen M, Kema IP, Lepage N, Lines MA, Dyment DA, Wanders RJA, Verhoeven-Duif N, Ekker M, Boycott KM, Friedman JM, Pena IA, van Karnebeek CDM. PLPHP deficiency: clinical, genetic, biochemical, and mechanistic insights. Brain 2020; 142:542-559. [PMID: 30668673 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biallelic pathogenic variants in PLPBP (formerly called PROSC) have recently been shown to cause a novel form of vitamin B6-dependent epilepsy, the pathophysiological basis of which is poorly understood. When left untreated, the disease can progress to status epilepticus and death in infancy. Here we present 12 previously undescribed patients and six novel pathogenic variants in PLPBP. Suspected clinical diagnoses prior to identification of PLPBP variants included mitochondrial encephalopathy (two patients), folinic acid-responsive epilepsy (one patient) and a movement disorder compatible with AADC deficiency (one patient). The encoded protein, PLPHP is believed to be crucial for B6 homeostasis. We modelled the pathogenicity of the variants and developed a clinical severity scoring system. The most severe phenotypes were associated with variants leading to loss of function of PLPBP or significantly affecting protein stability/PLP-binding. To explore the pathophysiology of this disease further, we developed the first zebrafish model of PLPHP deficiency using CRISPR/Cas9. Our model recapitulates the disease, with plpbp-/- larvae showing behavioural, biochemical, and electrophysiological signs of seizure activity by 10 days post-fertilization and early death by 16 days post-fertilization. Treatment with pyridoxine significantly improved the epileptic phenotype and extended lifespan in plpbp-/- animals. Larvae had disruptions in amino acid metabolism as well as GABA and catecholamine biosynthesis, indicating impairment of PLP-dependent enzymatic activities. Using mass spectrometry, we observed significant B6 vitamer level changes in plpbp-/- zebrafish, patient fibroblasts and PLPHP-deficient HEK293 cells. Additional studies in human cells and yeast provide the first empirical evidence that PLPHP is localized in mitochondria and may play a role in mitochondrial metabolism. These models provide new insights into disease mechanisms and can serve as a platform for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon L Johnstone
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Hilal H Al-Shekaili
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Maja Tarailo-Graovac
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, The University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nicole I Wolf
- Department of Child Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Autumn S Ivy
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Scott Demarest
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, CO, USA
| | - Yann Roussel
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jolita Ciapaite
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Carlo W T van Roermund
- Department of Pediatrics and Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Division, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kristin D Kernohan
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ceres Kosuta
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kevin Ban
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Yoko Ito
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Skye McBride
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Khalid Al-Thihli
- Genetic and Developmental Medicine Clinic, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Rana A Abdelrahim
- Department of Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Roshan Koul
- Paediatric Neurology Unit, Child Health Department, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Amna Al Futaisi
- Paediatric Neurology Unit, Child Health Department, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Charlotte A Haaxma
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Amalia Children's Hospital and Donders Institute of Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Heather Olson
- Department of Neurology, Division of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laufey Yr Sigurdardottir
- Department of Neurology, University of Central Florida, Nemours Children's Hospital, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Georgianne L Arnold
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburg, PA, USA
| | - Erica H Gerkes
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Boon
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Rebecca Heiner-Fokkema
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Noble
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marjolein Bosma
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Jans
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,United for Metabolic Diseases, The Netherlands
| | - David A Koolen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Britt Drögemöller
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Colin J Ross
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jacek Majewski
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Wyeth W Wasserman
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tuan Bui
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Elise Brimble
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sara Violante
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sander M Houten
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ron A Wevers
- United for Metabolic Diseases, The Netherlands.,Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn van Faassen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ido P Kema
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nathalie Lepage
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Matthew A Lines
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Division of Metabolics and Newborn Screening, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - David A Dyment
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ronald J A Wanders
- Department of Pediatrics and Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Division, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,United for Metabolic Diseases, The Netherlands
| | - Nanda Verhoeven-Duif
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,United for Metabolic Diseases, The Netherlands
| | - Marc Ekker
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kym M Boycott
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jan M Friedman
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Izabella A Pena
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Clara D M van Karnebeek
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,United for Metabolic Diseases, The Netherlands.,Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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37
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Jun YW, Hebenbrock M, Kool ET. A fluorescent hydrazone exchange probe of pyridoxal phosphate for the assessment of vitamin B6 status. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 56:317-320. [PMID: 31808778 PMCID: PMC7061904 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc08458d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal vitamin B6 status, marked by deficient intracellular concentrations of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), is classified as a direct biomarker based on its biomedical significance. However, there exist no direct methods for measuring vitamin B6 status in intact cells. Here we describe the development of a fluorogenic probe, RAB6, which shows remarkable selectivity for PLP among the B6 vitamers and other cellular aldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Woong Jun
- Department of Chemistry and ChEM-H Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Yue Y, Kong Y, Yang F, Zheng Z, Hu X, Guo D. Supramolecular Tandem Assay for Pyridoxal-5'-phosphate by the Reporter Pair of Guanidinocalix[5]Arene and Fluorescein. ChemistryOpen 2019; 8:1437-1440. [PMID: 32071829 PMCID: PMC7011187 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Guanidinocalix[5]arene and fluorescein reporter pair has been chosen to set up a supramolecular tandem assay principle based on the differential recognition of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (the substrate of alkaline phosphatase, ALP), pyridoxal (the product of ALP) and phosphate (the product of ALP). This supramolecular tandem assay system offers an opportunity to monitor the activity of ALP in a label-free, continuous, and real-time manner. More importantly, a calibration curve can be given for selective and quantitative detection of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (biomarker for several diseases).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Xin Yue
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular RecognitionNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
| | - Yong Kong
- Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering, SinopecBeijing100101P. R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering, SinopecBeijing100101P. R. China
| | - Zhe Zheng
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular RecognitionNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
| | - Xin‐Yue Hu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular RecognitionNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
| | - Dong‐Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular RecognitionNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
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Mascolo E, Barile A, Mecarelli LS, Amoroso N, Merigliano C, Massimi A, Saggio I, Hansen T, Tramonti A, Di Salvo ML, Barbetti F, Contestabile R, Vernì F. The expression of four pyridoxal kinase (PDXK) human variants in Drosophila impacts on genome integrity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14188. [PMID: 31578392 PMCID: PMC6775053 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50673-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotes, pyridoxal kinase (PDXK) acts in vitamin B6salvage pathway to produce pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP), the active form of the vitamin, which is implicated in numerous crucial metabolic reactions. In Drosophila, mutations in the dPdxk gene cause chromosome aberrations (CABs) and increase glucose content in larval hemolymph. Both phenotypes are rescued by the expression of the wild type human PDXK counterpart. Here we expressed, in dPdxk1 mutant flies, four PDXK human variants: three (D87H, V128I and H246Q) listed in databases, and one (A243G) found in a genetic screening in patients with diabetes. Differently from human wild type PDXK, none of the variants was able to completely rescue CABs and glucose content elicited by dPdxk1 mutation. Biochemical analysis of D87H, V128I, H246Q and A243G proteins revealed reduced catalytic activity and/or reduced affinity for PLP precursors which justify this behavior. Although these variants are rare in population and carried in heterozygous condition, our findings suggest that in certain metabolic contexts and diseases in which PLP levels are reduced, the presence of these PDXK variants could threaten genome integrity and increase cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Mascolo
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin" Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Anna Barile
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Stufera Mecarelli
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin" Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Noemi Amoroso
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin" Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara Merigliano
- University of Southern California, Molecular and Computational Biology Department, 1050 Childs Way, Los Angeles, California, 90089, USA
| | - Arianna Massimi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 0133, Roma, Italy
| | - Isabella Saggio
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin" Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy.,Nanyang Technological University, School of Biological Science, 60 Nanyang Dr, Jurong West, 637551, Singapore
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Angela Tramonti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy.,Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Martino Luigi Di Salvo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Barbetti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 0133, Roma, Italy
| | - Roberto Contestabile
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy.
| | - Fiammetta Vernì
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin" Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy.
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40
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Ji Y, Lyu P, Jin W, Li X, Li X, Dong Y. Homocysteine: A modifiable culprit of cognitive impairment for us to conquer? J Neurol Sci 2019; 404:128-136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Yasuda H, Tsutsui M, Ando J, Inano T, Noguchi M, Yahata Y, Tanaka M, Tsukune Y, Masuda A, Shirane S, Misawa K, Gotoh A, Sato E, Aritaka N, Sekiguchi Y, Sugimoto K, Komatsu N. Vitamin B6 deficiency is prevalent in primary and secondary myelofibrosis patients. Int J Hematol 2019; 110:543-549. [PMID: 31407257 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-019-02717-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin B6 (VB6) deficiency contributes to oncogenesis and tumor progression in certain cancers, and is prevalent in cancer patients in general. VB6 is also an essential element of heme synthesis, and deficiency can lead to anemia. Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) and secondary myelofibrosis (sMF) are myeloproliferative neoplasms often presenting with anemia along with other cytopenias. We performed a prospective study to determine whether PMF and sMF patients suffer from VB6 deficiency, and whether VB6-deficient patients show improvement of anemias with VB6 supplementation. Twelve PMF patients and 11 sMF patients were analyzed. A total of 16 of 23 patients (69.6%) were found to have VB6 deficiency, but VB6 supplementation with pyridoxal phosphate hydrate did not elevate hemoglobin levels in deficient patients. None of the patients presented with vitamin B12, iron, or copper deficiencies. Four patients showed serum folate levels below the lower limit of normal and eight patients showed serum zinc levels below the lower limit of normal; however, these deficiencies were marginal and unlikely to contribute to anemia. Compared to VB6-sufficient patients, VB6-deficient patients showed significantly lower serum folate levels and higher serum copper levels. Studies elucidating the relationship of VB6 deficiency and etiology of PMF/sMF are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Yasuda
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Miyuki Tsutsui
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Jun Ando
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tadaaki Inano
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Masaaki Noguchi
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuriko Yahata
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Tanaka
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tsukune
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Azuchi Masuda
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Shuichi Shirane
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kyohei Misawa
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Akihiko Gotoh
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Eriko Sato
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nanae Aritaka
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Sekiguchi
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keiji Sugimoto
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Norio Komatsu
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
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Chelban V, Wilson MP, Warman Chardon J, Vandrovcova J, Zanetti MN, Zamba‐Papanicolaou E, Efthymiou S, Pope S, Conte MR, Abis G, Liu Y, Tribollet E, Haridy NA, Botía JA, Ryten M, Nicolaou P, Minaidou A, Christodoulou K, Kernohan KD, Eaton A, Osmond M, Ito Y, Bourque P, Jepson JEC, Bello O, Bremner F, Cordivari C, Reilly MM, Foiani M, Heslegrave A, Zetterberg H, Heales SJR, Wood NW, Rothman JE, Boycott KM, Mills PB, Clayton PT, Houlden H. PDXK mutations cause polyneuropathy responsive to pyridoxal 5'-phosphate supplementation. Ann Neurol 2019; 86:225-240. [PMID: 31187503 PMCID: PMC6772106 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify disease-causing variants in autosomal recessive axonal polyneuropathy with optic atrophy and provide targeted replacement therapy. METHODS We performed genome-wide sequencing, homozygosity mapping, and segregation analysis for novel disease-causing gene discovery. We used circular dichroism to show secondary structure changes and isothermal titration calorimetry to investigate the impact of variants on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding. Pathogenicity was further supported by enzymatic assays and mass spectroscopy on recombinant protein, patient-derived fibroblasts, plasma, and erythrocytes. Response to supplementation was measured with clinical validated rating scales, electrophysiology, and biochemical quantification. RESULTS We identified biallelic mutations in PDXK in 5 individuals from 2 unrelated families with primary axonal polyneuropathy and optic atrophy. The natural history of this disorder suggests that untreated, affected individuals become wheelchair-bound and blind. We identified conformational rearrangement in the mutant enzyme around the ATP-binding pocket. Low PDXK ATP binding resulted in decreased erythrocyte PDXK activity and low pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) concentrations. We rescued the clinical and biochemical profile with PLP supplementation in 1 family, improvement in power, pain, and fatigue contributing to patients regaining their ability to walk independently during the first year of PLP normalization. INTERPRETATION We show that mutations in PDXK cause autosomal recessive axonal peripheral polyneuropathy leading to disease via reduced PDXK enzymatic activity and low PLP. We show that the biochemical profile can be rescued with PLP supplementation associated with clinical improvement. As B6 is a cofactor in diverse essential biological pathways, our findings may have direct implications for neuropathies of unknown etiology characterized by reduced PLP levels. ANN NEUROL 2019;86:225-240.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viorica Chelban
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryInstitute of Emergency MedicineChisinauMoldova
| | - Matthew P. Wilson
- Genetics and Genomic MedicineUniversity College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Jodi Warman Chardon
- Department of Medicine (Neurology)University of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
- Ottawa Hospital Research InstituteOttawaOntarioCanada
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Jana Vandrovcova
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - M. Natalia Zanetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Eleni Zamba‐Papanicolaou
- Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosiaCyprus
- Cyprus School of Molecular MedicineNicosiaCyprus
| | - Stephanie Efthymiou
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Simon Pope
- Neurometabolic Unit, National Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Maria R. Conte
- Randall Centre of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical BiosciencesKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Giancarlo Abis
- Randall Centre of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical BiosciencesKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Yo‐Tsen Liu
- Department of NeurologyNeurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- National Yang‐Ming University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwan
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang‐Ming UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Eloise Tribollet
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Nourelhoda A. Haridy
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Neurology and PsychiatryAssiut University Hospital, Faculty of MedicineAsyutEgypt
| | - Juan A. Botía
- Reta Lila Weston Research LaboratoriesUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Information and Communications EngineeringUniversity of MurciaMurciaSpain
| | - Mina Ryten
- Reta Lila Weston Research LaboratoriesUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Medical & Molecular GeneticsKing's College London, Guy's HospitalLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Paschalis Nicolaou
- Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosiaCyprus
- Cyprus School of Molecular MedicineNicosiaCyprus
| | - Anna Minaidou
- Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosiaCyprus
- Cyprus School of Molecular MedicineNicosiaCyprus
| | - Kyproula Christodoulou
- Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosiaCyprus
- Cyprus School of Molecular MedicineNicosiaCyprus
| | - Kristin D. Kernohan
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
- Newborn Screening Ontario, Children's Hospital of Eastern OntarioOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Alison Eaton
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Matthew Osmond
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Yoko Ito
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Pierre Bourque
- Department of Medicine (Neurology)University of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
- Ottawa Hospital Research InstituteOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - James E. C. Jepson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Oscar Bello
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Fion Bremner
- Neuro‐ophthalmology DepartmentNational Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Carla Cordivari
- Clinical Neurophysiology DepartmentNational Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Mary M. Reilly
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Martha Foiani
- Clinical Neurophysiology DepartmentNational Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Amanda Heslegrave
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- Clinical Neurochemistry LaboratorySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
| | - Simon J. R. Heales
- Neurometabolic Unit, National Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Nicholas W. Wood
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
- Neurogenetics LaboratoryNational Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - James E. Rothman
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Cell BiologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenCT
| | - Kym M. Boycott
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Philippa B. Mills
- Genetics and Genomic MedicineUniversity College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Peter T. Clayton
- Genetics and Genomic MedicineUniversity College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
- Neurogenetics LaboratoryNational Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryLondonUnited Kingdom
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43
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García-Fontana C, Villa-Suárez JM, Andújar-Vera F, González-Salvatierra S, Martínez-Navajas G, Real PJ, Gómez Vida JM, de Haro T, García-Fontana B, Muñoz-Torres M. Epidemiological, Clinical and Genetic Study of Hypophosphatasia in A Spanish Population: Identification of Two Novel Mutations in The Alpl Gene. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9569. [PMID: 31267001 PMCID: PMC6606844 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a genetic disease caused by one or several mutations in ALPL gene encoding the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase affecting the mineralization process. Due to its low prevalence and lack of recognition, this metabolic disorder is generally confused with other more frequent bone disorders. An assessment of serum total alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels was performed in 78,590 subjects. Pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP) concentrations were determined and ALPL gene was sequenced in patients potentially affected by HPP. Functional validation of the novel mutations found was performed using a cell-based assay. Our results showed persistently low serum ALP levels in 0.12% of subjects. Among the studied subjects, 40% presented with HPP-related symptoms. Nine of them (~28%) had a history of fractures, 5 (~16%) subjects showed chondrocalcinosis and 4 (~13%) subjects presented with dental abnormalities. Eleven subjects showed increased PLP concentrations. Seven of them showed ALPL gene mutations (2 of the mutations corresponded to novel genetic variants). In summary, we identified two novel ALPL gene mutations associated with adult HPP. Using this protocol, almost half of the studied patients were diagnosed with HPP. Based on these results, the estimated prevalence of mild HPP in Spain could be up to double than previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina García-Fontana
- University Hospital San Cecilio, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (Ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Fundación para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental (FIBAO), Granada, Spain
| | - Juan M Villa-Suárez
- Clinical Analysis Unit, University Hospital San Cecilio, Granada, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Andújar-Vera
- University Hospital San Cecilio, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (Ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Fundación para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental (FIBAO), Granada, Spain
| | - Sheila González-Salvatierra
- University Hospital San Cecilio, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (Ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Fundación para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental (FIBAO), Granada, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Martínez-Navajas
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells & Development Lab, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Pedro J Real
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells & Development Lab, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Tomás de Haro
- Clinical Analysis Unit, University Hospital San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Beatriz García-Fontana
- University Hospital San Cecilio, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (Ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain. .,CIBERFES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain.
| | - Manuel Muñoz-Torres
- University Hospital San Cecilio, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (Ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,CIBERFES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain.,Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, University Hospital San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
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44
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Wilson MP, Plecko B, Mills PB, Clayton PT. Disorders affecting vitamin B 6 metabolism. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:629-646. [PMID: 30671974 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin B6 is present in our diet in many forms, however, only pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) can function as a cofactor for enzymes. The intestine absorbs nonphosphorylated B6 vitamers, which are converted by specific enzymes to the active PLP form. The role of PLP is enabled by its reactive aldehyde group. Pathways reliant on PLP include amino acid and neurotransmitter metabolism, folate and 1-carbon metabolism, protein and polyamine synthesis, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, mitochondrial function and erythropoiesis. Besides the role of PLP as a cofactor B6 vitamers also play other cellular roles, for example, as antioxidants, modifying expression and action of steroid hormone receptors, affecting immune function, as chaperones and as an antagonist of Adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) at P2 purinoceptors. Because of the vital role of PLP in neurotransmitter metabolism, particularly synthesis of the inhibitory transmitter γ-aminobutyric acid, it is not surprising that various inborn errors leading to PLP deficiency manifest as B6 -responsive epilepsy, usually of early onset. This includes pyridox(am)ine phosphate oxidase deficiency (a disorder affecting PLP synthesis and recycling), disorders affecting PLP import into the brain (hypophosphatasia and glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor synthesis defects), a disorder of an intracellular PLP-binding protein (PLPBP, previously named PROSC) and disorders where metabolites accumulate that inactivate PLP, for example, ALDH7A1 deficiency and hyperprolinaemia type II. Patients with these disorders can show rapid control of seizures in response to either pyridoxine and/or PLP with a lifelong dependency on supraphysiological vitamin B6 supply. The clinical and biochemical features of disorders leading to B6 -responsive seizures and the treatment of these disorders are described in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Wilson
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Barbara Plecko
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of General Pediatrics, University Childrens' Hospital Graz, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Philippa B Mills
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Peter T Clayton
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London, UK
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45
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Wang X, Niu M, Wu SN, Hu HWY, Liu XY, Ma SY, Liu J, Hao JJ, Yang XJ, Wu GS, Qin N, Wen RQ, Li DH, Zhang YM, Xiao XH, Wang JB, Ma L. Leeches attenuate blood hyperviscosity and related metabolic disorders in rats differently than aspirin. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 238:111813. [PMID: 30910578 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Whitmania pigra Whitman (Whitmania pigra, WP), firstly recorded in the Shennong's Herbal Classic and officially listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, is a well-used cardiovascular protective traditional Chinese medicine derived from leeches. Traditional Chinese physicians prefer to prescribe the dried whole body of leech processed under high temperatures. It has been reported that dried WP remains clinically effective. However, the therapeutic mechanism has yet not be clearly elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was designed to investigate the protective activity of the extract of WP in a high-molecular-weight dextran-induced blood hyperviscosity rat model, and to explore the role of WP in improving blood hyperviscosity related metabolic disorders and to clarify the possible mechanism of metabolic regulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The hemorheological parameters were measured with an automated blood rheology analyzer. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the pathological changes in aortic tissues samples. Further, a liquid chromatography-mass-spectrometry (LC-MS)-based untargeted metabolomics approach was applied to characterize the metabolic alterations. RESULTS WP has evident attenuating effects on blood hyperviscosity and related metabolic disorders, and the influences are distinct from those of aspirin. The results showed that WP had good effects in reducing blood viscosity and ameliorating histopathological changes in the thoracic aorta in a high molecular weight dextran-induced blood hyperviscosity rat model. The middle dose (2.5 g raw material/kg body weight) of WP exhibited effects equivalent to aspirin (100 mg/kg) on hemorheological and histopathological parameters (P > 0.05). However, when using metabolomics profiling, we found that WP could significantly improve blood hyperviscosity-related metabolic disorders and restore metabolites to normal levels; while aspirin showed little effect. With principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis, WP regulated many more endogenous metabolites than aspirin. With pathway enrichment analysis, the differential endogenous metabolites were involved in cysteine and methionine metabolism, TCA cycle, arachidonic acid metabolism, etc., highlighting the metabolic reprogramming potential of WP against blood hyperviscosity-induced metabolic disorders. CONCLUSIONS The study suggest that WP has a more potent effect, but a different mechanism, than aspirin in improving either blood hyperviscosity or related metabolic disorders associated with cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Ming Niu
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Shan-Na Wu
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Huang-Wan-Yin Hu
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Yi Liu
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Sheng-Yao Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Jing Liu
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Jun-Jie Hao
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Juan Yang
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Guo-Song Wu
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Nan Qin
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Rui-Qing Wen
- Beijing Haidian Food and Drug Safety Monitoring, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Dong-Hui Li
- Beijing Haidian Food and Drug Safety Monitoring, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Ya-Ming Zhang
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Xiao-He Xiao
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Jia-Bo Wang
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Li Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China.
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Nogueira TCM, dos Santos Cruz L, Lourenço MC, de Souza MVN. Design, Synthesis and Anti-tuberculosis Activity of Hydrazones and N-acylhydrazones Containing Vitamin B6 and Different Heteroaromatic Nucleus. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180815666180627122055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The term vitamin B6 refers to a set of six compounds, pyridoxine,pyridoxal
,and pyridoxamine and their phosphorylated forms, among which pyridoxal 5´-phosphate (PLP) is
the most important and active form acting as a critical cofactor. These compounds are very useful
in medicinal chemistry because of their structure and functionalities and are also used in bioinorganic
chemistry as ligands for complexation with metals.
Methods:
In this study, a series of hydrazones 1a-g and N-acylhydrazones 2a-f containing vitamin
B6 have been synthesized from commercial pyridoxal hydrochloride and the appropriate aromatic or
heteroaromatic hydrazine or N-acylhydrazine. All synthesized compounds have been fully characterized
and tested against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Results:
Among the N-acylhydrazones derivatives 2a-f, 2d (para- pyridine substituted Nacylhydrazone;
MIC = 10.90 µM) exhibited the best activity. The ortho-pyridine derivative 2b exhibited
intermediate activity (MIC = 87.32 µM), and the meta-pyridine derivative 2c was inactive.
In case of the hydrazone series 1a-g, 7-chloroquinoxaline derivative 1f (MIC = 72.72 µM) showed
the best result, indicating that the number of nitrogen and chlorine atoms in the radical moiety play an
important role in the anti-tuberculosis activity of the quinoxaline derivatives (1f and 1g).
Conclusion:
The data reported herein indicates that the isoniazid derivative 2d (MIC = 10.90 µM)
exhibited the best activity in the N-acylhydrazone series and; the quinoxaline nucleus derivative 1f
(MIC = 72.72 µM) was the most active compound in the hydrazone series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Cristina Mendonça Nogueira
- Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Tecnologia em Farmacos-Far-Manguinhos, Rua Sizenando Nabuco, 100, Manguinhos, 21041-250 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucas dos Santos Cruz
- Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Tecnologia em Farmacos-Far-Manguinhos, Rua Sizenando Nabuco, 100, Manguinhos, 21041-250 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Lourenço
- Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Departamento de Bacteriologia, 21045-900, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius Nora de Souza
- Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Tecnologia em Farmacos-Far-Manguinhos, Rua Sizenando Nabuco, 100, Manguinhos, 21041-250 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Redeuil K, Vulcano J, Prencipe FP, Bénet S, Campos-Giménez E, Meschiari M. First quantification of nicotinamide riboside with B 3 vitamers and coenzymes secreted in human milk by liquid chromatography-tandem-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1110-1111:74-80. [PMID: 30785080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sylvie Bénet
- Nestlé Research, Nestec Ltd., Lausanne, Switzerland
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Gohla A. Do metabolic HAD phosphatases moonlight as protein phosphatases? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:153-166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Improved cognition, mild anxiety-like behavior and decreased motor performance in pyridoxal phosphatase-deficient mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:193-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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50
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Hassel B, Rogne AG, Hope S. Intellectual Disability Associated With Pyridoxine-Responsive Epilepsies: The Need to Protect Cognitive Development. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:116. [PMID: 30930802 PMCID: PMC6423912 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyridoxine (vitamin B6)-responsive epilepsies are severe forms of epilepsy that manifest as seizures immediately after birth, sometimes in utero, sometimes months, or years after birth. Seizures may be treated efficiently by life-long supplementation with pyridoxine or its biologically active form, pyridoxal phosphate, but even so patients may become intellectually disabled, for which there currently is no effective treatment. The condition may be caused by mutations in several genes (TNSALP, PIGV, PIGL, PIGO, PNPO, PROSC, ALDH7A1, MOCS2, or ALDH4A1). Mutations in ALDH7A1, MOCS2, and ALDH4A1 entail build-up of reactive aldehydes (α-aminoadipic semialdehyde, γ-glutamic semialdehyde) that may react non-enzymatically with macromolecules of brain cells. Such reactions may alter the function of macromolecules, and they may produce "advanced glycation end products" (AGEs). AGEs trigger inflammation in the brain. This understanding points to aldehyde-quenching, anti-AGE, or anti-inflammatory therapies as possible strategies to protect cognitive development and prevent intellectual disability in affected children. Studies on how aldehydes traverse cell membranes and how they affect brain function could further the development of therapies for patients with pyridoxine-responsive epilepsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjørnar Hassel
- Department for Neurohabilitation, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI), Kjeller, Norway
| | - Ane Gretesdatter Rogne
- Department for Neurohabilitation, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sigrun Hope
- Department for Neurohabilitation, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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