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Liesner M, Hinz NA, Kunde W. How Action Shapes Body Ownership Momentarily and Throughout the Lifespan. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:697810. [PMID: 34295232 PMCID: PMC8290176 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.697810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objects which a human agent controls by efferent activities (such as real or virtual tools) can be perceived by the agent as belonging to his or her body. This suggests that what an agent counts as “body” is plastic, depending on what she or he controls. Yet there are possible limitations for such momentary plasticity. One of these limitations is that sensations stemming from the body (e.g., proprioception) and sensations stemming from objects outside the body (e.g., vision) are not integrated if they do not sufficiently “match”. What “matches” and what does not is conceivably determined by long–term experience with the perceptual changes that body movements typically produce. Children have accumulated less sensorimotor experience than adults have. Consequently, they express higher flexibility to integrate body-internal and body-external signals, independent of their “match” as suggested by rubber hand illusion studies. However, children’s motor performance in tool use is more affected by mismatching body-internal and body-external action effects than that of adults, possibly because of less developed means to overcome such mismatches. We review research on perception-action interactions, multisensory integration, and developmental psychology to build bridges between these research fields. By doing so, we account for the flexibility of the sense of body ownership for actively controlled events and its development through ontogeny. This gives us the opportunity to validate the suggested mechanisms for generating ownership by investigating their effects in still developing and incomplete stages in children. We suggest testable predictions for future studies investigating both body ownership and motor skills throughout the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Liesner
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nina-Alisa Hinz
- Department of Psychology, Ludwigs-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Wilfried Kunde
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Heydrich L, Kaliuzhna M, Dieguez S, Nançoz R, Blanke O, Seeck M. Ictal postural phantom limb sensation is associated with impaired mental imagery of body parts. J Neurol 2017; 264:1532-1535. [PMID: 28667342 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-017-8554-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Heydrich
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Department of Neurology, Inselspital, University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Mariia Kaliuzhna
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Dieguez
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Medicine, Neurology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Roger Nançoz
- , Avenue du Rothorn 20, 3960, Sierre, Switzerland
| | - Olaf Blanke
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Center for Neuroprosthetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Margitta Seeck
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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The role of dorsal premotor cortex in mental rotation: A transcranial magnetic stimulation study. Brain Cogn 2017; 116:71-78. [PMID: 28606388 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Although activation of dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) has been consistently observed in the neuroimaging studies of mental rotation, the functional meaning of PMd activation is still unclear and multiple alternative explanations have been suggested. The present study used repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to investigate the role of PMd in mental rotation. Two tasks were used, involving mental rotation of hands and abstract objects, with either matching (same stimuli) or mirror stimuli. Compared to sham stimulation, TMS over right and left PMd regions significantly affected accuracy in the object task, specifically for the same stimuli. Furthermore, response times were longer following right PMd stimulation in both the object and the hand tasks, but again, selectively for the same stimuli. The effect of rotational angle on response times and accuracies was greater for the same stimuli. Moreover TMS over PMd impaired the performance accuracy selectively in these stimuli, mainly in a task that included abstract objects. For these reasons, the present findings indicate a contribution of PMd to mental rotation.
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Neurocognitive impairment on motor imagery associated with positive symptoms in patients with first-episode schizophrenia: evidence from event-related brain potentials. Psychiatry Res 2015; 231:236-43. [PMID: 25612462 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2014.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Motor imagery provides direct insight into an anatomically interconnected system involved in the integration of sensory information with motor actions, a process that is associated with positive symptoms in schizophrenia (SCZ). However, very little is known about the electrophysiological processing of motor imagery in first episode SCZ. In the current study, we used a visual hand mental rotation (MR) paradigm to manipulate the processing of motor imagery while event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded in 42 SCZ participants and 40 healthy controls (HC). The 400-600 ms window was measured and analyzed for peak latencies and amplitudes. Participants with SCZ had slower reaction time (RT) and made more errors than did HC participants. Moreover, SCZ participants had lower amplitudes in the 400-600 ms window and the typical MR function for amplitudes of MR was lacking. Interestingly, the scalp activity maps for MR in SCZ exhibited an absence of activation in the left parietal site as shown in HC. Furthermore, deficits of amplitude for MR were positively correlated with positive symptom scores in SCZ. These results provide novel evidence for relationships between the electrophysiological processing of motor imagery and positive symptoms in SCZ. They further suggest that the impaired information processing of motor imagery indexed by amplitudes and specific topographic characteristics of the EEG during MR tasks may be a potentially useful and early defining biomarker for SCZ.
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Neurocognitive impairment of mental rotation in major depressive disorder: evidence from event-related brain potentials. J Nerv Ment Dis 2014; 202:594-602. [PMID: 25010105 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000000167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Mental rotation performance may be used as an index of mental slowing or bradyphrenia and may reflect speed of motor preparation. Previous studies suggest that major depressive disorder (MDD) presents correlates of impaired behavioral performance for mental rotation and psychomotor disturbance. Very little is known about the electrophysiological mechanism underlying this deficit. The present study was the first to investigate the event-related brain potential (ERP) correlates of mental rotation and their mental slowing or bradyphrenia in MDD. ERPs were recorded while we tested 25 MDD patients and 26 healthy controls by evaluating the performance of MDD patients on hand and letter rotation tasks at different orientations, and their 400-to-600-msec time window was measured and analyzed for latencies and peak amplitudes over the electrodes. First, individuals with MDD were slower and made more errors in mentally rotating hands and letters than healthy controls did, and individuals with MDD exhibited a greater difference in response times and errors than controls did between hands and letters. Second, the mean peak amplitude was significantly lower and the mean latency was significantly longer in the 400-to-600-msec time window at the parietal site in the hand tasks in MDD patients than in controls, but this was not seen in the letter task, with only lower mean peak amplitude. MDD patients present the absence of a typical mental rotation function for the amplitude of the rotation-related negativity in the hand and letter tasks. Third, the scalp activity maps in MDD patients exhibited the absence of activation in the left parietal site for the mental rotation of hands, as shown in healthy participants. In contrast, their brain activation for the letter task was similar to those of healthy participants. These data suggest that mental imagery of hands and letters relies on different cognitive and neural mechanisms and indicate that the left posterior parietal lobe is a necessary structure for mental transformations of human hands. Importantly, MDD deficits were more seriously present specific to the hands than the letters. Such impairment may also be an important and possibly defining marker of MDD in particular.
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Ego-rotation and object-rotation in major depressive disorder. Psychiatry Res 2013; 209:32-9. [PMID: 23218895 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2012] [Revised: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mental rotation (MR) performance provides a direct insight into a prototypical higher-level visuo-spatial cognitive operation. Previous studies suggest that progressive slowing with an increasing angle of orientation indicates a specific wing of object-based mental transformations in the psychomotor retardation that occurs in major depressive disorder (MDD). It is still not known, however, whether the ability of object-rotation is associated with the ability of ego-rotation in MDD. The present study was designed to investigate the level of impairment of mental transformation abilities in MDD. For this purpose we tested 33 MDD (aged 18-52 years, 16 women) and 30 healthy control subjects (15 women, age and education matched) by evaluating the performance of MDD subjects with regard to ego-rotation and object-rotation tasks. First, MDD subjects were significantly slower and made more errors than controls in mentally rotating hands and letters. Second, MDD and control subjects displayed the same pattern of response times to stimuli at various orientations in the letter task but not the hand task. Third, in particular, MDD subjects were significantly slower and made more errors during the mental transformation of hands than letters relative to control subjects and were significantly slower and made more errors in physiologically impossible angles than physiologically possible angles in the mental rotation hand task. In conclusion, MDD subjects present with more serious mental rotation deficits specific to the hand than the letter task. Importantly, deficits were more present during the mental transformation in outward rotation angles, thus suggesting that the mental imagery for hands and letters relies on different processing mechanisms which suggest a module that is more complex for the processing of human hands than for letters during mental rotation tasks. Our study emphasises the necessity of distinguishing different levels of impairment of action in MDD subjects.
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Shared electrophysiology mechanisms of body ownership and motor imagery. Neuroimage 2013; 64:216-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Revised: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Anatomically plausible illusory posture affects mental rotation of body parts. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2012; 13:197-209. [DOI: 10.3758/s13415-012-0120-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Ionta S, Perruchoud D, Draganski B, Blanke O. Body context and posture affect mental imagery of hands. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34382. [PMID: 22479618 PMCID: PMC3316677 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Different visual stimuli have been shown to recruit different mental imagery strategies. However the role of specific visual stimuli properties related to body context and posture in mental imagery is still under debate. Aiming to dissociate the behavioural correlates of mental processing of visual stimuli characterized by different body context, in the present study we investigated whether the mental rotation of stimuli showing either hands as attached to a body (hands-on-body) or not (hands-only), would be based on different mechanisms. We further examined the effects of postural changes on the mental rotation of both stimuli. Thirty healthy volunteers verbally judged the laterality of rotated hands-only and hands-on-body stimuli presented from the dorsum- or the palm-view, while positioning their hands on their knees (front postural condition) or behind their back (back postural condition). Mental rotation of hands-only, but not of hands-on-body, was modulated by the stimulus view and orientation. Additionally, only the hands-only stimuli were mentally rotated at different speeds according to the postural conditions. This indicates that different stimulus-related mechanisms are recruited in mental rotation by changing the bodily context in which a particular body part is presented. The present data suggest that, with respect to hands-only, mental rotation of hands-on-body is less dependent on biomechanical constraints and proprioceptive input. We interpret our results as evidence for preferential processing of visual- rather than kinesthetic-based mechanisms during mental transformation of hands-on-body and hands-only, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Ionta
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Brain-Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Hartmann M, Falconer CJ, Mast FW. Imagined paralysis impairs embodied spatial transformations. Cogn Neurosci 2011; 2:155-62. [DOI: 10.1080/17588928.2011.594498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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11
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Welfringer A, Leifert-Fiebach G, Babinsky R, Brandt T. Visuomotorische Imaginationstherapie in der Neglektrehabilitation – Grundlagen, Vorgehen und Falldarstellungen. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NEUROPSYCHOLOGIE 2010. [DOI: 10.1024/1016-264x/a000009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mentales Training findet vermehrt in der neurologischen Rehabilitation Einsatz. Neglekpatienten mit repräsentationalen Störungen, u. a. des eigenen Körpers, könnten von einer visuomotorischen Imaginationstherapie profitieren. Das therapeutische Vorgehen für die praktische Anwendung in der Neglektrehabilitation wird vorgestellt bezüglich (1) Patientenauswahl, (2) Testdiagnostik, (3) Messung der Imaginationsfähigkeit, (4) Psychoedukation, (5) Setting, (6) Therapiemanual, (7) Frequenz und Komplexitätsgrade, (8) Therapieprotokoll, (9) Elektromyographie sowie (10) Eigentraining. Zwei Fallbeispiele verdeutlichen wie eine visuomotorische Imaginationstherapie selbst im chronischen Krankheitsstadium zu Funktionsverbesserungen führen und bei subakutem personalem Neglekt die Körperwahrnehmung beeinflusst werden kann.
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Mental Imagery for Full and Upper Human Bodies: Common Right Hemisphere Activations and Distinct Extrastriate Activations. Brain Topogr 2010; 23:321-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s10548-010-0138-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2009] [Accepted: 02/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Three sequential brain activations encode mental transformations of upright and inverted human bodies: A high resolution evoked potential study. Neuroscience 2009; 159:1316-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2008] [Revised: 02/02/2009] [Accepted: 02/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ionta S, Blanke O. Differential influence of hands posture on mental rotation of hands and feet in left and right handers. Exp Brain Res 2009; 195:207-17. [PMID: 19326106 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-009-1770-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2008] [Accepted: 03/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The representation of the body in the brain is continuously updated with regard to peripheral factors such as position or movement of body parts. In the present study, we investigated the effects of arm posture on the mental rotation of hands and feet. Sixteen right-handed and ten left-handed participants verbally judged the laterality of visually presented pictures of hands and feet in two different postural conditions. In one condition they placed their right hand on their right knee and their left hand behind the back, in the other condition the hand position was reversed. For right-handed participants response times for the laterality judgment of right hands increased when participants kept their right hand behind the back. This was not found for images of the left hand nor for images of the feet. For the left-handed participants, there was no effect of arm posture on hand or feet stimulus judgments. Thus, the body-part posture effect on mental rotation was found to be specific for the side and the body part for which the posture was modified only in right-handed participants, but it was absent for left-handed participants. For both samples, we also found a progressive disruption of the mental rotation function depending on the view from which the body parts were seen (i.e. dorsal, thumb/big toe, palm/plantar, little finger/toe). Posture and view effects on body parts representations are discussed with respect to proprioception, handedness, visual familiarity and the influence of anatomical joint constraints on motor imagery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Ionta
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Brain-Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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