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Stella S, Vitale SR, Martorana F, Massimino M, Pavone G, Lanzafame K, Bianca S, Barone C, Gorgone C, Fichera M, Manzella L. Mutational Analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Genes in Breast Cancer Patients from Eastern Sicily. Cancer Manag Res 2022; 14:1341-1352. [PMID: 35411189 PMCID: PMC8994564 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s348529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Germline mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 are associated with a defined lifetime risk of breast (BC), ovarian (OC) and other cancers. Testing BRCA genes is pivotal to assess individual risk, but also to pursue preventive approaches in healthy carriers and tailored treatments in tumor patients. The prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 alterations varies broadly across different geographic regions and, despite data about BRCA pathogenic variants among Sicilian families exist, studies specifically addressing eastern Sicily population are lacking. The aim of our study was to investigate the incidence and distribution of BRCA pathogenic germline alterations in a cohort of BC patients from eastern Sicily and to evaluate their associations with specific BC features. Patients and Methods Mutational status was assessed in a cohort of 389 BC patients, using next generation sequencing. The presence of alterations was correlated with tumor grading and proliferation index. Results Overall, 35 patients (9%) harbored a BRCA pathogenic variant, 17 (49%) in BRCA1 and 18 (51%) in BRCA2. BRCA1 alterations were prevalent among triple negative BC patients, whereas BRCA2 mutations were more common in subjects with luminal B BC. Tumor grading and proliferation index were both significantly higher among subjects with BRCA1 variants compared to non-carriers. Conclusion Our findings provide an overview about BRCA mutational status among BC patients from eastern Sicily and confirm the role of NGS analysis to identify hereditary BC patients. Overall, these data are consistent with previous evidences supporting BRCA screening to properly prevent and treat cancer among mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Stella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, 95123, Italy
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico - San Marco”, Catania, 95123, Italy
- Correspondence: Stefania Stella, Tel +39 095 378 1946, Email ;
| | - Silvia Rita Vitale
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, 95123, Italy
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico - San Marco”, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Federica Martorana
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, 95123, Italy
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico - San Marco”, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Michele Massimino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, 95123, Italy
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico - San Marco”, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Giuliana Pavone
- Medical Oncology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico - San Marco”, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Katia Lanzafame
- Medical Oncology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico - San Marco”, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | | | | | - Cristina Gorgone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Medical Genetics, University of Catania, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Marco Fichera
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Medical Genetics, University of Catania, Catania, 95123, Italy
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, 94018, Italy
| | - Livia Manzella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, 95123, Italy
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico - San Marco”, Catania, 95123, Italy
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Butz H, Papp J, Bozsik A, Krokker L, Pócza T, Oláh E, Patócs A. Application of Multilayer Evidence for Annotation of C-Terminal BRCA2 Variants. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040881. [PMID: 33672545 PMCID: PMC7923782 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The potential pathogenic role of germline BRCA2 c.9976A>T and c.10095delinsGAATTATATCT was evaluated in hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) patients by investigating 2491 probands and verified in an independent cohort of 122,209 patients. Although the c.10095delinsGAATTATATCT variant was more prevalent among patients compared to control populations, no increased risk for cancer was found. No association between c.9976A>T and clinicopathological parameters or elevated risk for HBOC cases was detected. However, lung cancer was more prevalent in families carrying c.9976A>T compared to pathogenic BRCA1/BRCA2 carrier families. An increased frequency of pancreatic cancer was found in families where c.9976A>T occurred together with other pathogenic BRCA1 variants. The C-terminal stop codon variants showed no association with other pathogenic BRCA2 variants. No loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in tumor tissue and no allelic imbalance in RNA level were confirmed. The c.9976A>T variant may be considered as a potential risk for lung cancer, and a potential modifying factor in pancreatic cancer when it occurs along with the pathogenic BRCA1 variant, although this observation should be validated in a larger sample cohort. Abstract The clinical relevance of the BRCA2 C-terminal stop codon variants is controversial. The pathogenic role of the germline BRCA2 c.9976A>T and c.10095delinsGAATTATATCT variants in hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) patients was evaluated. An association with clinicopathological parameters was performed in 2491 independent probands diagnosed with HBOC and in 122,209 cancer patients reported earlier. Loss-of-heterozygosity (LOH) in tumor samples and allelic imbalance in RNA extracted from peripheral blood cells were investigated. Neither c.10095delinsGAATTATATCT or c.9976A>T variants showed significant association with clinicopathological parameters or elevated risk for HBOC-associated tumors. Lung cancer was more prevalent in families carrying the c.9976A>T variant compared to pathogenic BRCA1 or BRCA2 carrier families. An increased prevalence of pancreatic cancer was found in families where c.9976A>T occurred together with other pathogenic BRCA1 variants. An increased risk for familial pancreatic, lung and upper aero-digestive tract cancers was confirmed in the validation set. Regarding BRCA2 C-terminal variants, no linkage with other pathogenic BRCA2 variants, no LOH in tumor tissue and no allelic imbalance in RNA level were confirmed. The c.9976A>T variant may be considered as a potential risk for lung cancer, and a potential modifying factor in pancreatic cancer when it occurs along with the pathogenic BRCA1 variant, although this observation should be validated in a larger sample cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriett Butz
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary; (H.B.); (J.P.); (A.B.); (T.P.); (E.O.)
- Hereditary Cancers Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Papp
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary; (H.B.); (J.P.); (A.B.); (T.P.); (E.O.)
- Hereditary Cancers Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Anikó Bozsik
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary; (H.B.); (J.P.); (A.B.); (T.P.); (E.O.)
- Hereditary Cancers Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Lilla Krokker
- Hereditary Cancers Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tímea Pócza
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary; (H.B.); (J.P.); (A.B.); (T.P.); (E.O.)
| | - Edit Oláh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary; (H.B.); (J.P.); (A.B.); (T.P.); (E.O.)
| | - Attila Patócs
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary; (H.B.); (J.P.); (A.B.); (T.P.); (E.O.)
- Hereditary Cancers Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence:
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Incorvaia L, Fanale D, Bono M, Calò V, Fiorino A, Brando C, Corsini LR, Cutaia S, Cancelliere D, Pivetti A, Filorizzo C, La Mantia M, Barraco N, Cusenza S, Badalamenti G, Russo A, Bazan V. BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants in triple-negative versus luminal-like breast cancers: genotype-phenotype correlation in a cohort of 531 patients. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920975326. [PMID: 33403015 PMCID: PMC7747114 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920975326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several available data suggest the association between specific molecular subtypes and BRCA1/2 mutational status. Previous investigations showed the association between BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants (PVs) in specific genomic regions and phenotypic variations of cancer relative risk, while the role of PV type and location in determining the breast cancer (BC) phenotypic features remains still unclear. The aim of this research was to describe the germline BRCA1/2 PVs in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) versus luminal-like BC and their potential leverage on BC phenotype. Patients & methods We retrospectively collected and analyzed all clinical information of 531 patients with BC genetically tested for germline BRCA1/2 PVs by Next-Generation Sequencing analysis at University Hospital Policlinico "P. Giaccone" of Palermo (Sicily) from January 2016 to February 2020. Results Our results corroborate the evidence that BRCA1-related tumors often have a profile which resembles the TNBC subtype, whereas BRCA2-associated tumors have a profile that resembles luminal-like BC, especially the Luminal B subtype. Interestingly, our findings suggest that the PVs identified in TNBC were not largely overlapping with those in luminal-like tumors. Differences in the frequency of two PVs potentially associated with different molecular tumor subtypes were observed. BRCA1-633delC was detected with relatively higher prevalence in patients with TNBC, whereas BRCA2-1466delT was found mainly in Luminal B tumors, but in no TNBC patient. Conclusion Future studies examining the type and location of BRCA1/2 PVs within different molecular subtypes are required to verify our hypothesis and could provide an interesting insight into the complex topic of genotype-phenotype correlations. Additionally, a more in-depth understanding of the potential correlations between BRCA PVs and clinical and phenotypic features of hereditary BC syndrome patients could be the key to develop better strategies of prevention and surveillance in BRCA-positive carriers without disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Incorvaia
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele Fanale
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Bono
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valentina Calò
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessia Fiorino
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Chiara Brando
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Lidia Rita Corsini
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sofia Cutaia
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniela Cancelliere
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessia Pivetti
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Clarissa Filorizzo
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria La Mantia
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Nadia Barraco
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefania Cusenza
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Badalamenti
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Russo
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Viviana Bazan
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Spectrum of Germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 Variants Identified in 2351 Ovarian and Breast Cancer Patients Referring to a Reference Cancer Hospital of Rome. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051286. [PMID: 32438681 PMCID: PMC7281099 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic variants (PVs) carriers in BRCA1 or BRCA2 are associated with an elevated lifetime risk of developing breast cancer (BC) and/or ovarian cancer (OC). The prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline alterations is extremely variable among different ethnic groups. Particularly, the rate of variants in Italian BC and/or OC families is rather controversial and ranges from 8% to 37%, according to different reports. By In Vitro Diagnostic (IVD) next generation sequencing (NGS)-based pipelines, we routinely screened thousands of patients with either sporadic or cancer family history. By NGS, we identified new PVs and some variants of uncertain significance (VUS) which were also evaluated in silico using dedicated tools. We report in detail data regarding BRCA1/2 variants identified in 517 out of 2351 BC and OC patients. The aim of this study was to report the incidence and spectrum of BRCA1/2 variants observed in BC and/or OC patients, tested in at Policlinico Gemelli Foundation Hospital, the origin of which is mainly from Central and Southern Italy. This study provides an overview of the variant frequency in these geographic areas of Italy and provides data that could be used in the clinical management of patients.
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Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer in Families from Southern Italy (Sicily)-Prevalence and Geographic Distribution of Pathogenic Variants in BRCA1/2 Genes. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051158. [PMID: 32380732 PMCID: PMC7280980 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the detection of germline pathogenic variants (PVs) in BRCA1/2 genes have allowed a deeper understanding of the BRCA-related cancer risk. Several studies showed a significant heterogeneity in the prevalence of PVs across different populations. Because little is known about this in the Sicilian population, our study was aimed at investigating the prevalence and geographic distribution of inherited BRCA1/2 PVs in families from this specific geographical area of Southern Italy. We retrospectively collected and analyzed all clinical information of 1346 hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer patients genetically tested for germline BRCA1/2 PVs at University Hospital Policlinico "P. Giaccone" of Palermo from January 1999 to October 2019. Thirty PVs were more frequently observed in the Sicilian population but only some of these showed a specific territorial prevalence, unlike other Italian and European regions. This difference could be attributed to the genetic heterogeneity of the Sicilian people and its historical background. Therefore hereditary breast and ovarian cancers could be predominantly due to BRCA1/2 PVs different from those usually detected in other geographical areas of Italy and Europe. Our investigation led us to hypothesize that a higher prevalence of some germline BRCA PVs in Sicily could be a population-specific genetic feature of BRCA-positive carriers.
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Vietri MT, Caliendo G, D'Elia G, Resse M, Casamassimi A, Minucci PB, Cioffi M, Molinari AM. BRCA and PALB2 mutations in a cohort of male breast cancer with one bilateral case. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:103883. [PMID: 32058061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.103883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Male Breast Cancer (MBC) is a rare disease, about 1% of all breast cancers worldwide and less than 1% of cancers occurring in men. The bilateral male breast cancer (bMBC) is extremely rare. Germline mutations of BRCA1/BRCA2 genes are associated with a significantly increased risk of cancer in MBC; the role of PALB2 remains to be clarified. Our main goal was to provide contribution on characterization of BRCA1/BRCA2 and PALB2 mutations in MBC patients. METHODS We observed 28 MBC cases; one of them was a bMBC. Screening for BRCA1, BRCA2 and PALB2 genes was performed on all 28 MBC patients. Mutational analysis was extended to family members of mutated patients. RESULTS In our study, the MBC incidence was 5.2% and for bMBC was 3.6%. Mutation analysis showed pathogenic mutations in 11/28 (39.3%) patients; 2/28 (7.1%) displayed a mutation in BRCA1, 8/28 (28.6%) in BRCA2 and 1/28 (3.6%) in PALB2. Out of 11 mutated patients, one (9.1%) reported a double mutation in BRCA2. Personal history of other cancers was reported in 2/28 (7.1%) patients affected by bladder cancer. A first/second degree family history of breast/ovarian and other cancers occurred in 23/28 (82.1%) patients. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate BRCA2 as the main MBC susceptibility gene and describe an increased risk of bMBC and bladder cancer in mutated patients. The identification of mutations in MBC susceptibility genes supports the usage of oncology prevention programs in affected patients and their relatives carrying the mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Vietri
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy; U.O.C. Clinical and Molecular Pathology, A.O.U. University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Gemma Caliendo
- U.O.C. Clinical and Molecular Pathology, A.O.U. University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna D'Elia
- U.O.C. Clinical and Molecular Pathology, A.O.U. University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Resse
- U.O.C. Clinical and Molecular Pathology, A.O.U. University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Amelia Casamassimi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Michele Cioffi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy; U.O.C. Clinical and Molecular Pathology, A.O.U. University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Molinari
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy; U.O.C. Clinical and Molecular Pathology, A.O.U. University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
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Nicolussi A, Belardinilli F, Silvestri V, Mahdavian Y, Valentini V, D'Inzeo S, Petroni M, Zani M, Ferraro S, Di Giulio S, Fabretti F, Fratini B, Gradilone A, Ottini L, Giannini G, Coppa A, Capalbo C. Identification of novel BRCA1 large genomic rearrangements by a computational algorithm of amplicon-based Next-Generation Sequencing data. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7972. [PMID: 31741787 PMCID: PMC6859874 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic testing for BRCA1/2 germline mutations in hereditary breast/ovarian cancer patients requires screening for single nucleotide variants, small insertions/deletions and large genomic rearrangements (LGRs). These studies have long been run by Sanger sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). The recent introduction of next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms dramatically improved the speed and the efficiency of DNA testing for nucleotide variants, while the possibility to correctly detect LGRs by this mean is still debated. The purpose of this study was to establish whether and to which extent the development of an analytical algorithm could help us translating NGS sequencing via an Ion Torrent PGM platform into a tool suitable to identify LGRs in hereditary breast-ovarian cancer patients. Methods We first used NGS data of a group of three patients (training set), previously screened in our laboratory by conventional methods, to develop an algorithm for the calculation of the dosage quotient (DQ) to be compared with the Ion Reporter (IR) analysis. Then, we tested the optimized pipeline with a consecutive cohort of 85 uncharacterized probands (validation set) also subjected to MLPA analysis. Characterization of the breakpoints of three novel BRCA1 LGRs was obtained via long-range PCR and direct sequencing of the DNA products. Results In our cohort, the newly defined DQ-based algorithm detected 3/3 BRCA1 LGRs, demonstrating 100% sensitivity and 100% negative predictive value (NPV) (95% CI [87.6–99.9]) compared to 2/3 cases detected by IR (66.7% sensitivity and 98.2% NPV (95% CI [85.6–99.9])). Interestingly, DQ and IR shared 12 positive results, but exons deletion calls matched only in five cases, two of which confirmed by MLPA. The breakpoints of the 3 novel BRCA1 deletions, involving exons 16–17, 21–22 and 20, have been characterized. Conclusions Our study defined a DQ-based algorithm to identify BRCA1 LGRs using NGS data. Whether confirmed on larger data sets, this tool could guide the selection of samples to be subjected to MLPA analysis, leading to significant savings in time and money.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Nicolussi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Silvestri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - Yasaman Mahdavian
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - Virginia Valentini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - Sonia D'Inzeo
- U.O.C. Microbiology and Virology Laboratory, A.O. San Camillo Forlanini, Roma, Italy
| | - Marialaura Petroni
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Life Nano Science @ Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Massimo Zani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - Sergio Ferraro
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - Stefano Di Giulio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Fabretti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - Beatrice Fratini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - Angela Gradilone
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - Laura Ottini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy.,Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Roma, Italy
| | - Anna Coppa
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - Carlo Capalbo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
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BRCA mutations: is everything said? Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 173:49-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4986-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Coppa A, Nicolussi A, D'Inzeo S, Capalbo C, Belardinilli F, Colicchia V, Petroni M, Zani M, Ferraro S, Rinaldi C, Buffone A, Bartolazzi A, Screpanti I, Ottini L, Giannini G. Optimizing the identification of risk-relevant mutations by multigene panel testing in selected hereditary breast/ovarian cancer families. Cancer Med 2018; 7:46-55. [PMID: 29271107 PMCID: PMC5773970 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of multigene panel testing for hereditary breast/ovarian cancer screening has greatly improved efficiency, speed, and costs. However, its clinical utility is still debated, mostly due to the lack of conclusive evidences on the impact of newly discovered genetic variants on cancer risk and lack of evidence-based guidelines for the clinical management of their carriers. In this pilot study, we aimed to test whether a systematic and multiparametric characterization of newly discovered mutations could enhance the clinical utility of multigene panel sequencing. Out of a pool of 367 breast/ovarian cancer families Sanger-sequenced for BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations, we selected a cohort of 20 BRCA1/2-negative families to be subjected to the BROCA-Cancer Risk Panel massive parallel sequencing. As a strategy for the systematic characterization of newly discovered genetic variants, we collected blood and cancer tissue samples and established lymphoblastoid cell lines from all available individuals in these families, to perform segregation analysis, loss-of-heterozygosity and further molecular studies. We identified loss-of-function mutations in 6 out 20 high-risk families, 5 of which occurred on BRCA1, CHEK2 and ATM and are esteemed to be risk-relevant. In contrast, a novel RAD50 truncating mutation is most likely unrelated to breast cancer. Our data suggest that integrating multigene panel testing with a pre-organized, multiparametric characterization of newly discovered genetic variants improves the identification of risk-relevant alleles impacting on the clinical management of their carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Coppa
- Department of Experimental MedicineUniversity La SapienzaV.le R. Elena 324Rome00161Italy
| | - Arianna Nicolussi
- Department of Experimental MedicineUniversity La SapienzaV.le R. Elena 324Rome00161Italy
| | - Sonia D'Inzeo
- Department of Experimental MedicineUniversity La SapienzaV.le R. Elena 324Rome00161Italy
| | - Carlo Capalbo
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity La SapienzaV.le R. Elena 291Rome00161Italy
| | | | - Valeria Colicchia
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity La SapienzaV.le R. Elena 291Rome00161Italy
| | - Marialaura Petroni
- Center for Life Nano Science@SapienzaIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaRome00161Italy
| | - Massimo Zani
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity La SapienzaV.le R. Elena 291Rome00161Italy
| | - Sergio Ferraro
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity La SapienzaV.le R. Elena 291Rome00161Italy
| | - Christian Rinaldi
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity La SapienzaV.le R. Elena 291Rome00161Italy
| | - Amelia Buffone
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity La SapienzaV.le R. Elena 291Rome00161Italy
| | - Armando Bartolazzi
- Department of PathologySant'Andrea HospitalUniversity La SapienzaVia di Grottarossa 1035Rome00189Italy
| | - Isabella Screpanti
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity La SapienzaV.le R. Elena 291Rome00161Italy
| | - Laura Ottini
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity La SapienzaV.le R. Elena 291Rome00161Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannini
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity La SapienzaV.le R. Elena 291Rome00161Italy
- Istituto Pasteur‐Fondazione Cenci BolognettiRome00161Italy
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Identification of twenty-nine novel germline unclassified variants of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in 1400 Italian individuals. Breast 2017; 36:74-78. [PMID: 29020660 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Breast and/or ovarian cancers are complex multifactorial diseases caused by interaction of both genetic and non-genetic factors and characterized by predisposition to inheritance. BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are the most clinically involved with these kinds of cancer and the spectrum of variants affecting these genes is very wide. In fact, point variants, large or small insertions/deletions, genomic rearrangements can be found in these patients, although a large number of variants with uncertain biological and clinical significance continues to be identified. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology is actually the most powerful tool for the discovering of causative mutations and novel disease genes, moreover it allows to make a rapid diagnosis of genetic variants giving fast, inexpensive and detailed genetic information. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, we report the screening of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes on 1400 consecutive Caucasian patients with breast and/or ovarian cancer history or family risk, attending the oncogenetic ambulatory at the Foundation Policlinico Agostino Gemelli in Rome. RESULTS We describe twenty-nine novel BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants detected in Italian individuals suffering from hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC). CONCLUSION Data regarding novel variants can provide useful information not only at epidemiological but also at clinical level, allowing for the better managing of breast and ovarian cancer patients and their family members.
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11
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Prodosmo A, Buffone A, Mattioni M, Barnabei A, Persichetti A, De Leo A, Appetecchia M, Nicolussi A, Coppa A, Sciacchitano S, Giordano C, Pinnarò P, Sanguineti G, Strigari L, Alessandrini G, Facciolo F, Cosimelli M, Grazi GL, Corrado G, Vizza E, Giannini G, Soddu S. Detection of ATM germline variants by the p53 mitotic centrosomal localization test in BRCA1/2-negative patients with early-onset breast cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:135. [PMID: 27599564 PMCID: PMC5012020 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0410-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variant ATM heterozygotes have an increased risk of developing cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. Costs and time of sequencing and ATM variant complexity make large-scale, general population screenings not cost-effective yet. Recently, we developed a straightforward, rapid, and inexpensive test based on p53 mitotic centrosomal localization (p53-MCL) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) that diagnoses mutant ATM zygosity and recognizes tumor-associated ATM polymorphisms. METHODS Fresh PBMCs from 496 cancer patients were analyzed by p53-MCL: 90 cases with familial BRCA1/2-positive and -negative breast and/or ovarian cancer, 337 with sporadic cancers (ovarian, lung, colon, and post-menopausal breast cancers), and 69 with breast/thyroid cancer. Variants were confirmed by ATM sequencing. RESULTS A total of seven individuals with ATM variants were identified, 5/65 (7.7 %) in breast cancer cases of familial breast and/or ovarian cancer and 2/69 (2.9 %) in breast/thyroid cancer. No variant ATM carriers were found among the other cancer cases. Excluding a single case in which both BRCA1 and ATM were mutated, no p53-MCL alterations were observed in BRCA1/2-positive cases. CONCLUSIONS These data validate p53-MCL as reliable and specific test for germline ATM variants, confirm ATM as breast cancer susceptibility gene, and highlight a possible association with breast/thyroid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Prodosmo
- Unit of Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Amelia Buffone
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Manlio Mattioni
- Unit of Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Barnabei
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Persichetti
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Aurora De Leo
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Appetecchia
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Nicolussi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena, 32400161, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Coppa
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena, 32400161, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Sciacchitano
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Laboratorio di Ricerca Biomedica, Fondazione Università Niccolò Cusano per la Ricerca Medico Scientifica, Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Giordano
- Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Pinnarò
- Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sanguineti
- Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Lidia Strigari
- Medical Physics Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Alessandrini
- Toracic Surgery Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Facciolo
- Toracic Surgery Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cosimelli
- Hepato-pancreato-biliary Surgery Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Grazi
- Hepato-pancreato-biliary Surgery Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Corrado
- Gynecological Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Vizza
- Gynecological Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannini
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. .,Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
| | - Silvia Soddu
- Unit of Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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12
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Coppa A, Buffone A, Capalbo C, Nicolussi A, D'Inzeo S, Belardinilli F, Colicchia V, Petroni M, Granato T, Midulla C, Zani M, Ferraro S, Screpanti I, Gulino A, Giannini G. Novel and recurrent BRCA2 mutations in Italian breast/ovarian cancer families widen the ovarian cancer cluster region boundaries to exons 13 and 14. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2014; 148:629-35. [PMID: 25395318 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-014-3196-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer are mainly linked to mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes which confer a similar cumulative risk of developing breast cancer. Importantly, while BRCA2 mutation carriers generally have a lower cumulative risk for ovarian cancer, mutations clustered in the central portion of BRCA2 are associated with a higher proportion of ovarian compared with breast cancer cases. The boundaries of this ovarian cancer cluster region (OCCR) have been tentatively defined within a 3.3 kb region of BRCA2 exon 11, and herein, we reassessed these boundaries using our series of Italian breast/ovarian cancer families. We used direct sequencing to investigate BRCA mutations in 367 breast/ovarian cancer families. We also studied the association between the location of the mutations and the ovarian cancer phenotype in our cohort of BRCA2-mutated families. We observed the novel c.7309_7309delA frameshift mutation and the c.7007G>A deleterious mutation in BRCA2 exons 14 and 13, respectively, in five independent Italian families characterized by a high proportion of ovarian cancer cases. Of note, a significantly higher proportion of ovarian versus breast cancer cases was associated not only with mutations in the previously defined OCCR (OR = 5.91; p = 0.004), but also with the exon 13-14 region (OR = 7.37; p = 0.001) in our BRCA2-mutated families. Our data provide initial evidence for a novel putative OCCR in BRCA2 exons 13-14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Coppa
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University La Sapienza, v. le R. Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
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13
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Santos C, Peixoto A, Rocha P, Pinto P, Bizarro S, Pinheiro M, Pinto C, Henrique R, Teixeira MR. Pathogenicity evaluation of BRCA1 and BRCA2 unclassified variants identified in Portuguese breast/ovarian cancer families. J Mol Diagn 2014; 16:324-34. [PMID: 24607278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary breast/ovarian cancer syndrome is caused by germline deleterious mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2. A major problem of genetic testing and counseling is the finding of variants of uncertain significance (VUS). We sought to ascertain the pathogenicity of 25 BRCA1 and BRCA2 VUS identified in Portuguese families during genetic testing. We performed cosegregation analysis of VUS with cancer in families, evaluated their frequency in unaffected controls, and looked for loss of heterozygosity in tumors. In addition, three different bioinformatic algorithms were used (Interactive Biosoftware, ESEfinder, and PolyPhen). Finally, six VUS located in exon-intron boundaries were analyzed by RT-PCR. We found that seven variants segregated with the disease, six variants co-occurred with a pathogenic mutation in the same gene, and four variants co-occurred with a deleterious mutation in the other BRCA gene. By RT-PCR, we observed that four variants (BRCA1 c.4484G>T, BRCA2 c.682-2A>C, BRCA2 c.8488-1G>A, and BRCA2 c.8954-5A>G) disrupted splicing. After the combined analysis, we were able to classify 4 splicing variants as pathogenic mutations, 16 variants as neutral, and 3 variants as polymorphisms; only 2 variants remained classified as VUS. This work highlights the contribution of DNA, RNA, and in silico data to assess the pathogenicity of BRCA1/2 VUS, which, in turn, allows more accurate genetic counseling and clinical management of the families carrying them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Santos
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Peixoto
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Rocha
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pinto
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana Bizarro
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Pinheiro
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Pinto
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Henrique
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal; Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel R Teixeira
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal; Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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14
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Stegel V, Krajc M, Žgajnar J, Teugels E, De Grève J, Hočevar M, Novaković S. The occurrence of germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 sequence alterations in Slovenian population. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2011; 12:9. [PMID: 21232165 PMCID: PMC3025939 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-12-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND the BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation spectrum and mutation detection rates according to different family histories were investigated in 521 subjects from 322 unrelated Slovenian cancer families with breast and/or ovarian cancer. METHODS the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes were screened using DGGE, PTT, HRM, MLPA and direct sequencing. RESULTS eighteen different mutations were found in BRCA1 and 13 in BRCA2 gene. Mutations in one or other gene were found in 96 unrelated families. The mutation detection rates were the highest in the families with at least one breast and at least one ovarian cancer - 42% for BRCA1 and 8% for BRCA2. The mutation detection rate observed in the families with at least two breast cancers with disease onset before the age of 50 years and no ovarian cancer was 23% for BRCA1 and 13% for BRCA2. The mutation detection rate in the families with at least two breast cancers and only one with the disease onset before the age of 50 years was 11% for BRCA1 and 8% for BRCA2. In the families with at least two breast cancers, all of them with disease onset over the age of 50 years, the detection rate was 5% for BRCA2 and 0% for BRCA1. CONCLUSION among the mutations detected in Slovenian population, 5 mutations in BRCA1 and 4 mutations in BRCA2 have not been described in other populations until now. The most frequent mutations in our population were c.181T > G, c.1687C > T, c.5266dupC and c.844_850dupTCATTAC in BRCA1 gene and c.7806-2A > G, c.5291C > G and c.3978insTGCT in BRCA2 gene (detected in 69% of BRCA1 and BRCA2 positive families).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Stegel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mateja Krajc
- Unit of Genetic Counseling, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Žgajnar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Erik Teugels
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Oncologisch Centrum UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jacques De Grève
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Oncologisch Centrum UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marko Hočevar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Srdjan Novaković
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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15
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Capalbo C, Buffone A, Vestri A, Ricevuto E, Rinaldi C, Zani M, Ferraro S, Frati L, Screpanti I, Gulino A, Giannini G. Does the Search for Large Genomic Rearrangements Impact BRCAPRO Carrier Prediction? J Clin Oncol 2007; 25:2632-4; author reply 2634-5. [PMID: 17577048 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.11.4330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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16
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Buffone A, Capalbo C, Ricevuto E, Sidoni T, Ottini L, Falchetti M, Cortesi E, Marchetti P, Scambia G, Tomao S, Rinaldi C, Zani M, Ferraro S, Frati L, Screpanti I, Gulino A, Giannini G. Prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genomic rearrangements in a cohort of consecutive Italian breast and/or ovarian cancer families. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2007; 106:289-96. [PMID: 17333342 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-007-9499-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2006] [Accepted: 01/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Germline point mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes account for about 30% of the inherited breast and ovarian cancers. Germline genomic rearrangements have been found in both BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, but the extent to which these alterations might contribute to increasing the actual mutation detection rate is still debated. Here we screened a cohort of 112 consecutive Italian families at moderate-to-high risk for breast and/or ovarian cancer for BRCA1 and BRCA2 point mutations and genomic rearrangements. Of the 83 point mutation negative probands, two (2.4%) showed BRCA1 rearrangements, accounting for 10.5% of the BRCA1 mutations. BRCA1 del18-19 has been previously described in another Italian family, while the molecular characterization of the BRCA1 del23-24 is given here for the first time. Conversely, we failed to identify any BRCA2 rearrangements even in the hereditary breast cancer families, where we detected an higher prevalence of BRCA2 compared to BRCA1 point mutations. Our results support the idea that search for BRCA1 rearrangements should be included in the genetic screening of even moderate risk breast/ovarian cancer families. In contrast, they suggest BRCA2 rearrangements might be very rare out of the high risk families including a male breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Buffone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University La Sapienza, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena, 324, Rome 00161, Italy
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17
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Beristain E, Martínez-Bouzas C, Guerra I, Viguera N, Moreno J, Ibañez E, Díez J, Rodríguez F, Mallabiabarrena G, Luján S, Gorostiaga J, De Pablo JL, Mendizabal JL, Tejada MI. Differences in the frequency and distribution of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in breast/ovarian cancer cases from the Basque country with respect to the Spanish population: implications for genetic counselling. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2007; 106:255-62. [PMID: 17262179 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-006-9489-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2006] [Accepted: 12/14/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of unique and recurrent BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic mutations and unclassified variants varies among different populations. Two hundred and thirty-six breast and/or ovarian cancer patients were analysed to clarify the role of these genes in the Basque Country. We also studied 130 healthy women from the general population from the same region. Fifteen different pathological mutations were found in 16 index cases: 10 truncating mutations, 4 missense mutations and 1 splicing mutation. c.3002_3003insT and c.5788_5789delGT, both in exon 11 of BRCA2 have not previously been described. No pathological mutations were found in cases of sporadic juvenile breast cancer. There are no recurrent mutations in our population; apart from the mutation c.9254_9258del5, which appears in only two index cases. We have also found a lot of variants whose effect is unknown. From these variants, 17 have not previously been described: 6 missenses, 6 synonymous and 5 alterations in intronic regions. We would like to highlight the fact that 14.3% of patients with 3 or more cases of breast cancer in the family, and 16.7% of patients with family history of breast and ovarian cancer, present a pathological mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2. This manuscript demonstrates that each population can have different mutations and due to this, Genetic Counselling and selection criteria must be different for each population. Furthermore, this article describes for the first time some new mutations and unclassified variants found in our population.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Beristain
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Hospital de Cruces, Pza. de Cruces s/n, 48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.
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18
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Capalbo C, Ricevuto E, Vestri A, Ristori E, Sidoni T, Buffone O, Adamo B, Cortesi E, Marchetti P, Scambia G, Tomao S, Rinaldi C, Zani M, Ferraro S, Frati L, Screpanti I, Gulino A, Giannini G. BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic testing in Italian breast and/or ovarian cancer families: mutation spectrum and prevalence and analysis of mutation prediction models. Ann Oncol 2006; 17 Suppl 7:vii34-40. [PMID: 16760289 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdl947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is an extremely complex disease, characterized by a progressive multistep process caused by interactions of both genetic and non-genetic factors. A combination of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations appears responsible for about 20%-30% of the cases with breast cancer familial history. The prevalence of BRCA1/2 pathogenic mutations largely varies within different populations; in particular, the rate of mutations in Italian breast and/or ovarian cancer families is rather controversial and ranges from 8% to 37%. PATIENTS AND METHODS Of the 152 breast/ovarian cancer families counseled in our centre, 99 were selected for BRCA1/2 mutation screening according to our minimal criteria. The entire coding sequences and each intron/exon boundary of BRCA1/2 genes were screened by direct sequencing (PTT limited to BRCA1 exon 11). For each proband, the a priori probability of carrying a pathogenic BRCA1/2 germline mutation was calculated by means of different mutation prediction models (BRCApro, IC and Myriad Table) in order to evaluate their performances. RESULTS Our analysis resulted in the identification of 25 and 52 variants in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, respectively. Seventeen of them represent novel variants, including four deleterious truncating mutations in the BRCA2 gene (472insA, E33X, C1630X and IVS6+1G>C). Twenty-seven of the 99 probands harbored BRCA1 (n = 15) and BRCA2 (n = 12) pathogenic germline mutations, indicating an overall detection rate of 27.3% and increasing by more than 15% the spectrum of mutations in the Italian population. Furthermore, we found the lowest detection rate (19.4%) in pure hereditary breast cancer family subset. All of the prediction models showed praises and faults, with the IC software being extremely sensitive but poorly specific, compared to BRCApro. In particular all models accumulated most false-negative prediction in the HBC subset. Interestingly preliminary results of a study addressing the presence of genomic rearrangements in HBC probands with BRCApro or IC prediction scores >/=95%, provided evidence for additional mutations undetectable with our conventional screening for point mutations. CONCLUSIONS Altogether our results suggest that HBC families, the largest pool in our series, represent an heterogeneous group where the apparently faulty performances of the prediction models might be at least partially explained by the presence of additional kinds of BRCA1/2 alteration (such as genomic rearrangements) or by mutations on different breast cancer related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Capalbo
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
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