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Colombo C, Pogliaghi G, Tosi D, Muzza M, Bulfamante G, Persani L, Fugazzola L, Cirello V. Thyroid cancer harboring PTEN and TP53 mutations: A peculiar molecular and clinical case report. Front Oncol 2022; 12:949098. [PMID: 36119511 PMCID: PMC9478947 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.949098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, the molecular mechanisms that underline aggressiveness and resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in some thyroid carcinomas (TCs) are not known yet. We report the case of a young patient with a metastatic poorly differentiated (PDTC) and follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) refractory to conventional therapies and to Sorafenib. The patient, despite an initial partial response, died of progressive disease 21 months after diagnosis. The genetic analysis performed on the primary tumor and on lymph nodes and distant metastases allowed to identify a frameshift mutation (p.P248Tfs*5) in the PTEN gene, never described in TC. This mutation was present in the primary tumor and, with a lower allelic frequency, in metastases diagnosed after treatment with Sorafenib. Mutations in TP53 (p.C135Y and c.920-2A>G previously detected in anaplastic carcinomas and p.M133R never found in TC) were also detected in the primary tissue together with a mono-allelic expression of the p.C135Y mutant at RNA level. At metastatic sites level, we found only the TP53 splicing mutation c.920-2A>G. The presence of defects in mismatch repair (MMR) proteins and genomic instability was also evaluated. The primary tumor showed a partial expression of MMR proteins together with a strong genomic instability. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the rare combination of somatic PTEN and TP53 mutations in a patient with a metastatic FTC, together with the presence of tumor heterogeneity and genomic instability, might be associated with a high tumor aggressiveness and resistance to treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Colombo
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Pogliaghi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Delfina Tosi
- Unit of Human Pathology, Department of Health Sciences Santi Paolo e Carlo Medical School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Muzza
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Gaetano Bulfamante
- Unit of Human Pathology, Department of Health Sciences Santi Paolo e Carlo Medical School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Persani
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Fugazzola
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Cirello
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Valentina Cirello,
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p73 coordinates with Δ133p53 to promote DNA double-strand break repair. Cell Death Differ 2018; 25:1063-1079. [PMID: 29511339 PMCID: PMC5988805 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour repressor p53 isoform Δ133p53 is a target gene of p53 and an antagonist of p53-mediated apoptotic activity. We recently demonstrated that Δ133p53 promotes DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair by upregulating transcription of the repair genes RAD51, LIG4 and RAD52 in a p53-independent manner. However, Δ133p53 lacks the transactivation domain of full-length p53, and the mechanism by which it exerts transcriptional activity independently of full-length p53 remains unclear. In this report, we describe the accumulation of high levels of both Δ133p53 and p73 (a p53 family member) at 24 h post γ-irradiation (hpi). Δ133p53 can form a complex with p73 upon γ-irradiation. The co-expression of Δ133p53 and p73, but not either protein alone, can significantly promote DNA DSB repair mechanisms, including homologous recombination (HR), non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and single-strand annealing (SSA). p73 and Δ133p53 act synergistically to promote the expression of RAD51, LIG4 and RAD52 by joining together to bind to region containing a Δ133p53-responsive element (RE) and a p73-RE in the promoters of all three repair genes. In addition to its accumulation at 24 hpi, p73 protein expression also peaks at 4 hpi. The depletion of p73 not only reduces early-stage apoptotic frequency (4–6 hpi), but also significantly increases later-stage DNA DSB accumulation (48 hpi), leading to cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase and, ultimately, cell senescence. In summary, the apoptotic regulator p73 also coordinates with Δ133p53 to promote DNA DSB repair, and the loss of function of p73 in DNA DSB repair may underlie spontaneous and carcinogen-induced tumorigenesis in p73 knockout mice.
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Fragou A, Tzimagiorgis G, Karageorgopoulos C, Barbetakis N, Lazopoulos A, Papaioannou M, Haitoglou C, Kouidou S. Increased Δ133p53 mRNA in lung carcinoma corresponds with reduction of p21 expression. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:1455-1460. [PMID: 28260096 PMCID: PMC5364986 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Modification of p53 expression levels and its principle apoptosis and cell cycle regulatory partners, mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM-2) and p21, has been previously reported in various types of cancer. In the current study, the expression of Δ133p53 isoforms was investigated in lung carcinomas with respect to the expression of the aforementioned genes. The expression of p53 full-length transcript and Δ133p53 isoforms α, β and γ transcripts, MDM-2 and p21 transcripts were determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, in total RNA isolated from 17 lung carcinoma specimens and 17 corresponding adjacent non-cancerous tissues. RNA expression analysis was performed according to the Pfaffl equation and Rest tool using β-actin as a reference gene. Detection of the above proteins was additionally performed by western blotting. Significant overexpression of the Δ133p53 mRNAs was observed in cancerous as compared with adjacent non-cancerous tissues (3.94-fold), whereas full-length p53 and MDM-2 expression exhibited a smaller, however significant, increase. The expression of the p21 transcript was significantly reduced in cancerous specimens. Δ133p53 and p21 expression levels varied in parallel, however were not significantly correlated. p53 full-length protein expression observed by western blot analysis strongly varied from the Δ133p53 isoforms, however MDM-2 protein isoforms were not detectable and p21 protein was more abundant in non-cancerous tissues. In conclusion, Δ133p53 mRNA levels is suggested as a potentially useful marker of malignancy in lung cancer. The absence of Δ133p53 protein in lung carcinomas, which overexpress Δ133p53 transcripts, may indicate the role of the latter in post-transcriptional regulation through RNA interference in the cell cycle and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Fragou
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical Department, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Georgios Tzimagiorgis
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical Department, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Christos Karageorgopoulos
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical Department, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Barbetakis
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Theagenion Anticancer Hospital, Thessaloniki 54007, Greece
| | - Axilleas Lazopoulos
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Theagenion Anticancer Hospital, Thessaloniki 54007, Greece
| | - Maria Papaioannou
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical Department, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Costas Haitoglou
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical Department, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Sofia Kouidou
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical Department, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
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The CXXC finger 5 protein is required for DNA damage-induced p53 activation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 52:528-38. [PMID: 19557330 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-009-0083-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2008] [Accepted: 05/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 is a critical component of the DNA damage response pathway that induces a set of genes responsible for cell cycle arrest, senescence, apoptosis, and DNA repair. The ataxia telangiectasia mutated protein kinase (ATM) responds to DNA-damage stimuli and signals p53 stabilization and activation, thereby facilitating transactivation of p53 inducible genes and maintainence of genome integrity. In this study, we identified a CXXC zinc finger domain containing protein termed CF5 as a critical component in the DNA damage signaling pathway. CF5 induces p53 transcriptional activity and apoptosis in cells expressing wild type p53 but not in p53-deficient cells. Knockdown of CF5 inhibits DNA damage-induced p53 activation as well as cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, CF5 physically interacts with ATM and is required for DNA damage-induced ATM phosphorylation but not its recruitment to chromatin. These findings suggest that CF5 plays a crucial role in ATM-p53 signaling in response to DNA damage.
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Kouidou S, Malousi A, Maglaveras N. Li-Fraumeni and Li-Fraumeni-like syndrome mutations in p53
are associated with exonic methylation and splicing regulatory elements. Mol Carcinog 2009; 48:895-902. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.20537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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