1
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Asberger J, Erbes T, Jaeger M, Rücker G, Nöthling C, Ritter A, Berner K, Juhasz-Böss I, Hirschfeld M. Endoxifen and fulvestrant regulate estrogen-receptor α and related DEADbox proteins. Endocr Connect 2020; 9:1156-1167. [PMID: 33112831 PMCID: PMC7774761 DOI: 10.1530/ec-20-0281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) represents the most common type of cancer in females worldwide. Endocrine therapy evolved as one of the main concepts in treatment of hormone-receptor positive BC. Current research focuses on the elucidation of tumour resistance mechanisms against endocrine therapy. In a translational in vitro approach, potential regulatory effects of clinically implemented BC anti-oestrogens on ERα, its coactivators DDX5, DDX17 and other DEADbox proteins as well as on the proliferation markers cyclin D1 and Ki67 were investigated on both the RNA and protein level. BC in vitro models for hormone-receptor positive (MCF-7, T-47D) and hormone-receptor negative cells (BT-20) were subjected to endocrine therapy. Anti-oestrogen-dependent expression regulation of target genes on the transcriptional and translational level was quantified and statistically assessed. Endocrine therapy decreases the expression levels of Ki67, cyclin D1 and ERα in hormone-receptor positive cells. In the hormone-receptor negative cells, the three parameters remained stable after endocrine therapy. Endoxifen triggers a downregulation of DDX5 and DDX23 in MCF-7 cells. Fulvestrant treatment downregulates the expression levels of all investigated DEADbox proteins in MCF-7 cells. In T-47D cells, endoxifen and fulvestrant lead to a decrease of all target gene expression levels. Interestingly, endocrine therapy affects DEADbox RNA expression levels in BT-20 cells, too. However, this result could only be confirmed for DDX1, immunocytologically. The investigated DEADbox proteins appear to correlate with the oestrogen-dependent tumourigenesis in hormone-receptor positive BC and show expression alterations after endocrine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Asberger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Correspondence should be addressed to J Asberger:
| | - Thalia Erbes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Markus Jaeger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gerta Rücker
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Nöthling
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Ritter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kai Berner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingolf Juhasz-Böss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marc Hirschfeld
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
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2
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Low Expression of DDX60 Gene Might Associate with the Radiosensitivity for Patients with Breast Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:8309492. [PMID: 32765606 PMCID: PMC7387961 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8309492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
DEXD/H box helicase 60 (DDX60) is a new type of DEAD-box RNA helicase, which is induced to express after virus infection. It might involve in antiviral immunity by promoting RIG-I-like receptor-mediated signal transduction. In addition, previous studies had shown that the expression of DDX60 is related to cancer, but there was still a lack of relevant research in breast cancer. In this study, we used the information of patients with breast cancer in the TCGA database for statistical analysis and found that the breast cancer patients with low expression of DDX60 exhibited radiosensitivity. Comparing the radiotherapy groups with the nonradiotherapy groups, for patients with low expression of DDX60, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) values for radiotherapy were 0.244 (0.064–0.921) and 0.199 (0.062–0.646) in the training and validation datasets, with the p values 0.040 and 0.007, respectively. However, for patients with high expression of DDX60, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) values were 3.582 (0.627–20.467) and 2.421 (0.460–12.773), with the p values 0.054 and 0.297, respectively. These results suggested that the expression of DDX60 might strongly associate with individualized radiosensitivity in patients with breast cancer.
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3
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Hildebrandt MR, Wang Y, Li L, Yasmin L, Glubrecht DD, Godbout R. Cytoplasmic aggregation of DDX1 in developing embryos: Early embryonic lethality associated with Ddx1 knockout. Dev Biol 2019; 455:420-433. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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4
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Fu TY, Wu CN, Sie HC, Cheng JT, Lin YS, Liou HH, Tseng YK, Shu CW, Tsai KW, Yen LM, Tseng HW, Tseng CJ, Ger LP, Liu PF. Subsite-specific association of DEAD box RNA helicase DDX60 with the development and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:85097-85108. [PMID: 27835882 PMCID: PMC5356722 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical significance and biological function of DEXD/H box helicase 60 (DDX60) in oral cancer remains unknown. Herein, we evaluated the association of DDX60 expression with tumorigenesis and the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). DDX60 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray slides of 494 OSCC patients, including 180 buccal mucosal SCC (BMSCC), 241 tongue SCC (TSCC), and 73 lip SCC (LSCC) patients. DDX60 expression was significantly increased in all three subsites of OSCC compared to its expression in tumor adjacent normal tissues. However, its association with tumorigenesis was specific to the oral cavity subsite after the stratification of betel quid chewing, smoking, and drinking. Among OSCC patients, higher levels of DDX60 expression were associated with the male gender, a well-differentiated tumor, advanced stage of disease, and a large tumor size with subsite specific features. LSCC patients with high DDX60 expression levels showed shorter disease-specific survival, particularly those with moderately or poorly differentiated tumors. Additionally, TSCC or OSCC patients with high DDX60 expression showed a poor disease-free survival (DFS), particularly those with moderately or poorly differentiated tumors. Therefore, DDX60 is a novel and unfavorable biomarker for tumorigenesis and prognosis of OSCC in a subsite-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ying Fu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Optometry, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Nan Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Dental Technology, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Cin Sie
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jiin-Tsuey Cheng
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yaoh-Shiang Lin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Han Liou
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kai Tseng
- Department of Orthopedics, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Shu
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wang Tsai
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Chemical Biology, National Pingtung University of Education, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Leing-Ming Yen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Tseng
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Jiunn Tseng
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Luo-Ping Ger
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Feng Liu
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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5
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Gai M, Bo Q, Qi L. Epigenetic down-regulated DDX10 promotes cell proliferation through Akt/NF-κB pathway in ovarian cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 469:1000-5. [PMID: 26713367 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.12.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer contributes to the majority of ovarian cancer, while the molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Recently, some DEAD box protein 1 has been reported play a tumor suppressor role in ovarian cancer progression. However, the functions of DEAD box protein (DDX) members in ovarian cancer development remain largely unknown. In current study, we retrieved GEO databases and surprisingly found that DDX10 is significantly down-regulated in ovarian cancer tissues compared with normal ovary. These findings suggest that DDX10 might also play a suppressive role in ovarian cancer. We then validated the down-regulated expression pattern of DDX10 in fresh ovarian cancer tissues. Furthermore, both loss- and gain-functions assays reveal that the down-regulated DDX10 could promote ovarian cancer proliferation in vitro and the xenograft subcutaneous tumor formation assays confirmed these findings in vivo. In addition, we found that DDX10 is epigenetic silenced by miR-155-5p in ovarian cancer. Moreover, we further preliminary illustrated that down-regulated DDX10 promotes ovarian cancer cell proliferation through Akt/NF-κB pathway. Taken together, in current study, we found a novel tumor suppressor, DDX10, is epigenetic silenced by miR-155-5p in ovarian cancer, and the down-regulated expression pattern of DDX10 promotes ovarian cancer proliferation through Akt/NF-κB pathway. Our findings shed the light that DDX families might be a novel for ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhuizi Gai
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Dongying People's Hospital, No.317, East City South 1st Road, Dongying, Shandong, 257091, China
| | - Qifang Bo
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Dongying People's Hospital, No.317, East City South 1st Road, Dongying, Shandong, 257091, China
| | - Lixia Qi
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Dongying People's Hospital, No.317, East City South 1st Road, Dongying, Shandong, 257091, China.
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6
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Loss of the Drosophila melanogaster DEAD box protein Ddx1 leads to reduced size and aberrant gametogenesis. Dev Biol 2015; 407:232-45. [PMID: 26433063 PMCID: PMC7094483 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian DDX1 has been implicated in RNA trafficking, DNA double-strand break repair and RNA processing; however, little is known about its role during animal development. Here, we report phenotypes associated with a null Ddx1 (Ddx1AX) mutation generated in Drosophila melanogaster. Ddx1 null flies are viable but significantly smaller than control and Ddx1 heterozygous flies. Female Ddx1 null flies have reduced fertility with egg chambers undergoing autophagy, whereas males are sterile due to disrupted spermatogenesis. Comparative RNA sequencing of control and Ddx1 null third instars identified several transcripts affected by Ddx1 inactivation. One of these, Sirup mRNA, was previously shown to be overexpressed under starvation conditions and implicated in mitochondrial function. We demonstrate that Sirup is a direct binding target of Ddx1 and that Sirup mRNA is differentially spliced in the presence or absence of Ddx1. Combining Ddx1 null mutation with Sirup dsRNA-mediated knock-down causes epistatic lethality not observed in either single mutant. Our data suggest a role for Drosophila Ddx1 in stress-induced regulation of splicing. We describe a new Ddx1 null Drosophila line. Ddx1 null flies are smaller in size and display aberrant gametogenesis. Sirup splicing is altered in Ddx1 null flies. We show both a physical and a genetic interaction between Ddx1 and Sirup.
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7
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Kellner JN, Meinhart A. Structure of the SPRY domain of the human RNA helicase DDX1, a putative interaction platform within a DEAD-box protein. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2015; 71:1176-88. [PMID: 26323305 PMCID: PMC4555926 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x15013709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The human RNA helicase DDX1 in the DEAD-box family plays an important role in RNA processing and has been associated with HIV-1 replication and tumour progression. Whereas previously described DEAD-box proteins have a structurally conserved core, DDX1 shows a unique structural feature: a large SPRY-domain insertion in its RecA-like consensus fold. SPRY domains are known to function as protein-protein interaction platforms. Here, the crystal structure of the SPRY domain of human DDX1 (hDSPRY) is reported at 2.0 Å resolution. The structure reveals two layers of concave, antiparallel β-sheets that stack onto each other and a third β-sheet beneath the β-sandwich. A comparison with SPRY-domain structures from other eukaryotic proteins showed that the general β-sandwich fold is conserved; however, differences were detected in the loop regions, which were identified in other SPRY domains to be essential for interaction with cognate partners. In contrast, in hDSPRY these loop regions are not strictly conserved across species. Interestingly, though, a conserved patch of positive surface charge is found that may replace the connecting loops as a protein-protein interaction surface. The data presented here comprise the first structural information on DDX1 and provide insights into the unique domain architecture of this DEAD-box protein. By providing the structure of a putative interaction domain of DDX1, this work will serve as a basis for further studies of the interaction network within the hetero-oligomeric complexes of DDX1 and of its recruitment to the HIV-1 Rev protein as a viral replication factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian N Kellner
- Department of Biomolecular Mechanisms, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anton Meinhart
- Department of Biomolecular Mechanisms, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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8
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Hildebrandt MR, Germain DR, Monckton EA, Brun M, Godbout R. Ddx1 knockout results in transgenerational wild-type lethality in mice. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9829. [PMID: 25909345 PMCID: PMC4408975 DOI: 10.1038/srep09829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
DEAD box 1 (DDX1) is a member of the DEAD box family of RNA helicases which are
involved in all aspects of RNA metabolism. DDX1 has been implicated in a variety of
biological processes, including 3’-end processing of mRNA, DNA repair,
microRNA processing, tRNA maturation and mRNA transport. To study the role of DDX1
during development, we have generated mice carrying a constitutive Ddx1
knock-out allele. Ddx1+/− mice have no obvious
phenotype and express similar levels of DDX1 as wild-type mice indicating
compensation from the intact Ddx1 allele. Heterozygote matings produce no
viable Ddx1−/− progeny, with
Ddx1−/− embryos dying prior to
embryonic day (E) 3.5. Intriguingly, the number of wild-type progeny is
significantly decreased in heterozygote crosses, with two different heterozygote
populations identified based on parental genotype: (i) normal
Ddx1+/− mice which generate the expected number
of wild-type progeny and (ii) Ddx1*/− mice (with *
signifying a non-genetically altered allele) which generate a significantly reduced
number of wild-type mice. The transgenerational inheritance of wild-type lethality
observed upon crossing Ddx1*/− mice is independent
of parental sex and occurs in cis through a mechanism that is different from
other types of previously reported transgenerational epigenetic inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Hildebrandt
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Devon R Germain
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Elizabeth A Monckton
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Miranda Brun
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Roseline Godbout
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
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Kellner JN, Reinstein J, Meinhart A. Synergistic effects of ATP and RNA binding to human DEAD-box protein DDX1. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 43:2813-28. [PMID: 25690890 PMCID: PMC4357711 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA helicases of the DEAD-box protein family form the largest group of helicases. The human DEAD-box protein 1 (DDX1) plays an important role in tRNA and mRNA processing, is involved in tumor progression and is also hijacked by several virus families such as HIV-1 for replication and nuclear export. Although important in many cellular processes, the mechanism of DDX1′s enzymatic function is unknown. We have performed equilibrium titrations and transient kinetics to determine affinities for nucleotides and RNA. We find an exceptional tight binding of DDX1 to adenosine diphosphate (ADP), one of the strongest affinities observed for DEAD-box helicases. ADP binds tighter by three orders of magnitude when compared to adenosine triphosphate (ATP), arresting the enzyme in a potential dead-end ADP conformation under physiological conditions. We thus suggest that a nucleotide exchange factor leads to DDX1 recycling. Furthermore, we find a strong cooperativity in binding of RNA and ATP to DDX1 that is also reflected in ATP hydrolysis. We present a model in which either ATP or RNA binding alone can partially shift the equilibrium from an ‘open’ to a ‘closed’-state; this shift appears to be not further pronounced substantially even in the presence of both RNA and ATP as the low rate of ATP hydrolysis does not change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian N Kellner
- Department of Biomolecular Mechanisms, Max-Planck-Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jochen Reinstein
- Department of Biomolecular Mechanisms, Max-Planck-Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anton Meinhart
- Department of Biomolecular Mechanisms, Max-Planck-Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Rosner A, Moiseeva E, Rabinowitz C, Rinkevich B. Germ lineage properties in the urochordate Botryllus schlosseri - from markers to temporal niches. Dev Biol 2013; 384:356-74. [PMID: 24120376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 08/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The primordial germ cells (PGCs) in the colonial urochordate Botryllus schlosseri are sequestered in late embryonic stage. PGC-like populations, located at any blastogenic stage in specific niches, inside modules with curtailed lifespan, survive throughout the life of the colony by repeated weekly migration to newly formed buds. This cyclical migration and the lack of specific markers for PGC-like populations are obstacles to the study on PGCs. For that purpose, we isolated the Botryllus DDX1 (BS-DDX1) and characterized it by normal expression patterns and by specific siRNA knockdown experiments. Expression of BS-DDX1 concurrent with BS-Vasa, γ-H2AX, BS-cadherin and phospho-Smad1/5/8, demarcate PGC cells from soma cells and from more differentiated germ cells lineages, which enabled the detection of additional putative transient niches in zooids. Employing BS-cadherin siRNA knockdown, retinoic acid (RA) administration or β-estradiol administration affirmed the BS-Vasa(+)BS-DDX1(+)BS-cadherin(+)γ-H2AX(+)phospho-Smad1/5/8(+) population as the B. schlosseri PGC-like cells. By striving to understand the PGC-like cells trafficking between transient niches along blastogenic cycles, CM-DiI-stained PGC-like enriched populations from late blastogenic stage D zooids were injected into genetically matched colonial ramets at blastogenic stages A or C and their fates were observed for 9 days. Based on the accumulated data, we conceived a novel network of several transient and short lived 'germ line niches' that preserve PGCs homeostasis, protecting these cells from the weekly astogenic senescence processes, thus enabling the survival of the PGCs throughout the organism's life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia Rosner
- National Institute of Oceanography, Israel Oceanography & Limnological Research, Tel Shikmona, P.O. Box 8030, Haifa 31080, Israel.
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Robert F, Pelletier J. Perturbations of RNA helicases in cancer. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2013; 4:333-49. [PMID: 23658027 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Helicases are implicated in most stages of the gene expression pathway, ranging from DNA replication, RNA transcription, splicing, RNA transport, ribosome biogenesis, mRNA translation, RNA storage and decay. These enzymes utilize energy derived from nucleotide triphosphate hydrolysis to remodel ribonucleoprotein complexes, RNA, or DNA and in this manner affect the information content or output of RNA. Several RNA helicases have been implicated in the oncogenic process--either through altered expression levels, mutations, or due to their role in pathways required for tumor initiation, progression, maintenance, or chemosensitivity. The purpose of this review is to highlight those RNA helicases for which there is significant evidence implicating them in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Robert
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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12
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Taunk NK, Goyal S, Wu H, Moran MS, Chen S, Haffty BG. DEAD box 1 (DDX1) expression predicts for local control and overall survival in early stage, node-negative breast cancer. Cancer 2011; 118:888-98. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.26352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Revised: 04/25/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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