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Wang Y, Dackus GMHE, Rosenberg EH, Cornelissen S, de Boo LW, Broeks A, Brugman W, Chan TWS, van Diest PJ, Hauptmann M, Ter Hoeve ND, Isaeva OI, de Jong VMT, Jóźwiak K, Kluin RJC, Kok M, Koop E, Nederlof PM, Opdam M, Schouten PC, Siesling S, van Steenis C, Voogd AC, Vreuls W, Salgado RF, Linn SC, Schmidt MK. Long-term outcomes of young, node-negative, chemotherapy-naïve, triple-negative breast cancer patients according to BRCA1 status. BMC Med 2024; 22:9. [PMID: 38191387 PMCID: PMC10775514 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03233-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the abundant usage of chemotherapy in young triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients, the unbiased prognostic value of BRCA1-related biomarkers in this population remains unclear. In addition, whether BRCA1-related biomarkers modify the well-established prognostic value of stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) is unknown. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of young, node-negative, chemotherapy-naïve TNBC patients according to BRCA1 status, taking sTILs into account. METHODS We included 485 Dutch women diagnosed with node-negative TNBC under age 40 between 1989 and 2000. During this period, these women were considered low-risk and did not receive chemotherapy. BRCA1 status, including pathogenic germline BRCA1 mutation (gBRCA1m), somatic BRCA1 mutation (sBRCA1m), and tumor BRCA1 promoter methylation (BRCA1-PM), was assessed using DNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. sTILs were assessed according to the international guideline. Patients' outcomes were compared using Cox regression and competing risk models. RESULTS Among the 399 patients with BRCA1 status, 26.3% had a gBRCA1m, 5.3% had a sBRCA1m, 36.6% had tumor BRCA1-PM, and 31.8% had BRCA1-non-altered tumors. Compared to BRCA1-non-alteration, gBRCA1m was associated with worse overall survival (OS) from the fourth year after diagnosis (adjusted HR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.18-3.75), and this association attenuated after adjustment for second primary tumors. Every 10% sTIL increment was associated with 16% higher OS (adjusted HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.78-0.90) in gBRCA1m, sBRCA1m, or BRCA1-non-altered patients and 31% higher OS in tumor BRCA1-PM patients. Among the 66 patients with tumor BRCA1-PM and ≥ 50% sTILs, we observed excellent 15-year OS (97.0%; 95% CI, 92.9-100%). Conversely, among the 61 patients with gBRCA1m and < 50% sTILs, we observed poor 15-year OS (50.8%; 95% CI, 39.7-65.0%). Furthermore, gBRCA1m was associated with higher (adjusted subdistribution HR, 4.04; 95% CI, 2.29-7.13) and tumor BRCA1-PM with lower (adjusted subdistribution HR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.19-0.95) incidence of second primary tumors, compared to BRCA1-non-alteration. CONCLUSIONS Although both gBRCA1m and tumor BRCA1-PM alter BRCA1 gene transcription, they are associated with different outcomes in young, node-negative, chemotherapy-naïve TNBC patients. By combining sTILs and BRCA1 status for risk classification, we were able to identify potential subgroups in this population to intensify and optimize adjuvant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Wang
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gwen M H E Dackus
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Efraim H Rosenberg
- Division of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sten Cornelissen
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Molecular Pathology and Biobanking, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leonora W de Boo
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annegien Broeks
- Core Facility Molecular Pathology and Biobanking, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Brugman
- Genomics Core Facility, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Terry W S Chan
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J van Diest
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Hauptmann
- Institute of Biostatistics and Registry Research, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Natalie D Ter Hoeve
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olga I Isaeva
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent M T de Jong
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katarzyna Jóźwiak
- Institute of Biostatistics and Registry Research, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Roelof J C Kluin
- Genomics Core Facility, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen Kok
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Esther Koop
- Department of Pathology, Gelre Ziekenhuizen, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands
| | - Petra M Nederlof
- Division of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Opdam
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip C Schouten
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Siesling
- Department of Research and Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Technology and Services Research, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | | - Adri C Voogd
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Willem Vreuls
- Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roberto F Salgado
- Department of Pathology, GZA-ZNA Hospitals, Antwerp, Belgium
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sabine C Linn
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Lee CM, Hwang Y, Jeong JW, Kim M, Lee J, Bae SJ, Ahn SG, Fang S. BRCA1 mutation promotes sprouting angiogenesis in inflammatory cancer-associated fibroblast of triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:5. [PMID: 38182557 PMCID: PMC10770063 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01768-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer subtype with inferior outcomes owing to its low treatment response and high invasiveness. Based on abundant cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and frequent mutation of breast cancer-associated 1 (BRCA1) in TNBC, the characteristics of CAFs in TNBC patients with BRCA1 mutation compared to wild-type were investigated using single-cell analysis. Intriguingly, we observed that characteristics of inflammatory CAFs (iCAFs) were enriched in patients with BRCA1 mutation compared to the wild-type. iCAFs in patients with BRCA1 mutation exhibited outgoing signals to endothelial cells (ECs) clusters, including chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). During CXCL signaling, the atypical chemokine receptor 1 (ACKR1) mainly interacts with CXCL family members in tumor endothelial cells (TECs). ACKR1-high TECs also showed high expression levels of angiogenesis-related genes, such as ANGPT2, MMP1, and SELE, which might lead to EC migration. Furthermore, iCAFs showed VEGF signals for FLT1 and KDR in TECs, which showed high co-expression with tip cell marker genes, including ZEB1 and MAFF, involved in sprouting angiogenesis. Moreover, BRCA1 mutation patients with relatively abundant iCAFs and tip cell gene expression exhibited a limited response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, including cisplatin and bevacizumab. Importantly, our study observed the intricate link between iCAFs-mediated angiogenesis and chemoresistance in TNBC with BRCA1 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae Min Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeseong Hwang
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Woong Jeong
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Minki Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Janghee Lee
- Department of Surgery, Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Dongtan, 18450, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Soong June Bae
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Breast Cancer Precision Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Gwe Ahn
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea.
- Institute for Breast Cancer Precision Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungsoon Fang
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Chronic Intractable Disease for Systems Medicine Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Choi E, Mun GI, Lee J, Lee H, Cho J, Lee YS. BRCA1 deficiency in triple-negative breast cancer: Protein stability as a basis for therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114090. [PMID: 36493696 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in breast cancer-associated 1 (BRCA1) increase the lifetime risk of developing breast cancer by up to 51% over the risk of the general population. Many aspects of this multifunctional protein have been revealed, including its essential role in homologous recombination repair, E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, transcriptional regulation, and apoptosis. Although most studies have focused on BRCA1 deficiency due to mutations, only a minority of patients carry BRCA1 mutations. A recent study has suggested an expanded definition of BRCA1 deficiency with reduced BRCA1 levels, which accounts for almost half of all triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. Reduced BRCA1 levels can result from epigenetic modifications or increased proteasomal degradation. In this review, we discuss how this knowledge of BRCA1 function and regulation of BRCA1 protein stability can help overcome the challenges encountered in the clinic and advance current treatment strategies for BRCA1-related breast cancer patients, especially focusing on TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Choi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil-Im Mun
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohyun Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanhee Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeho Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sil Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
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Corso G, Girardi A, Calvello M, Gandini S, Gaeta A, Marabelli M, Magnoni F, Veronesi P, Guerrieri-Gonzaga A, Bonanni B. Prognostic impact of germline BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 197:103-112. [PMID: 36331686 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06776-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigates the impact of different subtypes of pathogenic BRCA variants on the prognosis and on the survival of breast cancer (BC) patients. METHODS Associations between BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants (PVs) mutations, clinicopathological features, locoregional tumor reappearance, and survival data were analyzed. The Gray's test was used to test difference of the cumulative incidence of local relapse between missense/splicing and other mutations, taking into of competing events. The multivariate proportional hazard model was used to assess the independent association between type of mutation and local relapse, after adjustment for other prognostic factors and clinicopathological characteristics. RESULTS Out of 482 patients, 285 presented 98 different BRCA1 PVs and 201 harbored 103 different BRCA2 PVs. Missense mutations were found in 46 BC patients (9.5%), splicing mutations in 42 (8.6%), deletions in 206 (42.4%), insertions in 73 (15%), indel mutations in 6 (1.2%), nonsense mutations in 86 (17.7%), and large rearrangements in 27 (5.6%). Kalbfleisch and Prentice cumulative incidence curves analysis showed a significantly lower locoregional recurrence incidence in the missense/splicing group (Gray-test P-value = 0.011). We found that the risk of local relapse was 58% less likely in women carrying missense/splicing variants than in those with other PV subtypes (HR 95% CI 0.42 [0.21-0.82]; P-value = 0.0108). No significant differences were observed in overall survival (OS) in all groups. CONCLUSIONS Having been found to be associated with a lower risk of BC reappearance, germline BRCA1/2 PVs of the missense/splicing subtypes can be used as prognostic predictors and are likely to improve BC patients' management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Corso
- Division of Breast Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti, 435, 20141, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
- European Cancer Prevention Organization (ECP), Milan, Italy.
| | - Antonia Girardi
- Division of Breast Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti, 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Calvello
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sara Gandini
- Division of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Aurora Gaeta
- Division of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Marabelli
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Magnoni
- Division of Breast Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti, 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Veronesi
- Division of Breast Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti, 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Aliana Guerrieri-Gonzaga
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Mahtani R, Niyazov A, Lewis K, Rider A, Massey L, Arondekar B, Lux MP. Real-World Study of Regional Differences in Patient Demographics, Clinical Characteristics, and BRCA1/2 Mutation Testing in Patients with Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer in the United States, Europe, and Israel. Adv Ther 2023; 40:331-348. [PMID: 36333567 PMCID: PMC9859923 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-022-02302-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Genetic mutations in breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 or 2 (BRCA1/2) confer a high risk for developing breast cancer; however, at least 50% of women with BRCA1/2 mutations go undiagnosed. This study evaluated differences in patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and BRCA1/2 mutation testing in the USA, European Union (EU4), and Israel in a real-world population of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer (ABC). METHODS This study was a retrospective analysis of data from the Adelphi Real World ABC Disease Specific Programme in the USA, EU4, and Israel. Medical oncologists completed a patient record form, which included detailed questions on demographics, clinical assessments and outcomes, and treatment history. Eligible patients were at least 18 years of age and receiving therapy for stage IIIb-IV ABC. RESULTS Among the 2527 study patients, 407 were from the USA, 1926 were from the EU4, and 194 were from Israel; 86% had hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/HER2- ABC and 14% had triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Israeli patients had a higher rate of family history of BRCA-related cancer (69%) compared with patients in the EU4 (18%; p < 0.0001) and USA (18%; p < 0.0001). Among patients with HR+/HER2- ABC, the BRCA1/2 testing rate was 99% in Israel, 37% in the EU4, and 68% in the USA (p < 0.0001 vs Israel and the EU4). The age of tested patients was significantly younger in Israel (56 years) compared with the EU4 (59 years; p = 0.016 vs Israel) and USA (64 years; p < 0.0001 vs Israel and the EU4). Among patients with TNBC, the BRCA1/2 testing rate was 100% in Israel, 78% in the EU4 (p < 0.0001 vs Israel), and 93% in the USA (p < 0.002 vs the EU4). Among tested patients, genetic counseling rates were also higher in Israel (98%) compared with the EU4 (40%; p < 0.0001) and USA (38%; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Testing and genetic counseling rates for BRCA1/2 mutations were very high in Israel, potentially due to the high rate of family history of BRCA-related cancer in this population and higher general awareness of genetic testing. In the EU4 and USA, overall rates of testing for BRCA1/2 mutations and genetic counseling were significantly lower compared with Israel. Given the high risk of breast cancer in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and the efficacy of new therapies in treating ABC with a BRCA1/2 mutation, efforts should be made to improve BRCA1/2 testing rates in Europe and the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katie Lewis
- Oncology Franchise, Adelphi Real World, Adelphi Mill, Bollington, SK10 5JB UK
| | - Alex Rider
- Oncology Franchise, Adelphi Real World, Adelphi Mill, Bollington, SK10 5JB UK
| | - Lucy Massey
- Department of Statistics and Data Analytics, Adelphi Real World, Bollington, UK
| | | | - Michael P. Lux
- Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe Frauenklinik St. Louise, Paderborn, Frauenklinik St. Josefs-Krankenhaus, Salzkotten, St. Vincenz Kliniken, Paderborn, Germany
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Kanyomse Q, Le X, Tang J, Dai F, Mobet Y, Chen C, Cheng Z, Deng C, Ning Y, Yu R, Zeng X, Xiang T. KLF15 suppresses tumor growth and metastasis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by downregulating CCL2 and CCL7. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19026. [PMID: 36347994 PMCID: PMC9643362 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23750-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Kruppel like factor 15 (KLF15), a transcriptional factor belonging to the Kruppel-like factor (KLF) family of genes, has recently been reported as a tumor suppressor gene in breast cancer. However, the specific mechanisms by which KLF15 inhibits BrCa have not been elucidated. Here we investigated the role and mechanism of KLF15 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). KLF15 expression and methylation were detected by RT-qPCR, RT-PCR and methylation-specific PCR in breast cancer cell lines and tissues. The effects of KLF15 on TNBC cell functions were examined via various cellular function assays. The specific anti-tumor mechanisms of KLF15 were further investigated by RNA sequence, RT-qPCR, Western blotting, luciferase assay, ChIP, and bioinformatics analysis. As the results showed that KLF15 is significantly downregulated in breast cancer cell lines and tissues, which promoter methylation of KLF15 partially contributes to. Exogenous expression of KLF15 induced apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, suppressed cell proliferation, metastasis and in vivo tumorigenesis of TNBC cells. Mechanism studies revealed that KLF15 targeted and downregulated C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and CCL7. Moreover, transcriptome and metabolome analysis revealed that KLF15 is involved in key anti-tumor regulatory and metabolic pathways in TNBC. In conclusion, KLF15 suppresses cell growth and metastasis in TNBC by downregulating CCL2 and CCL7. KLF15 may be a prognostic biomarker in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quist Kanyomse
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Xin Le
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Jun Tang
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XChongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Fengsheng Dai
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XChongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Youchaou Mobet
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Chang Chen
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Zhaobo Cheng
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XChongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Chaoqun Deng
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XChongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Yijiao Ning
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XChongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Renjie Yu
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XChongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Xiaohua Zeng
- grid.190737.b0000 0001 0154 0904Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030 China
| | - Tingxiu Xiang
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.190737.b0000 0001 0154 0904Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030 China
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BRCA1/2 Mutation Testing in Patients with HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer: Real-World Data from the United States, Europe, and Israel. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14215399. [PMID: 36358816 PMCID: PMC9656255 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors are approved to treat patients harboring a germline breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 or 2 mutation (BRCA1/2mut) with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2—negative (HER2−) advanced breast cancer (ABC). This study evaluated differences in patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and BRCA1/2mut testing within the United States (US), European Union 4 (EU4; France, Germany, Italy, and Spain), and Israel in a real-world population of patients with HER2− ABC. Oncologists provided chart data from eligible patients from October 2019 through March 2020. In the US, EU4, and Israel, 73%, 42%, and 99% of patients were tested for BRCA1/2mut, respectively. In the US and the EU4, patients who were not tested versus tested for BRCA1/2mut were more likely to have hormone receptor—positive (HR+)/HER2− ABC (US, 94% vs. 74%, p < 0.001; EU4, 96% vs. 78%, p < 0.001), less likely to have a known family history of BRCA1/2-related cancer (US, 6% vs. 19%, p = 0.002; EU4, 10% vs. 28%, p < 0.001), and were older (US, 68.9 vs. 62.5 years, p < 0.001; EU4, 66.7 vs. 58.0 years, p < 0.001). Among tested patients, genetic counseling was received by 45%, 53%, and 98% with triple-negative breast cancer, and 36%, 36%, and 98% with HR+/HER2− ABC in the US, EU4, and Israel, respectively. Efforts should be made to improve BRCA1/2 testing rates in the US and Europe.
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8
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Contribution of BRCA1 5382insC mutation to triplene-gative and luminal types of breast cancer in Ukraine. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 195:453-459. [PMID: 35930098 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06692-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The gene BRCA1 plays a key role in DNA repair in breast and ovarian cell lines and this is considered one of target tumor suppressor genes in same line of cancers. The 5382insC mutation is among the most frequently detected in patients (Eastern Europe) with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In Ukraine, there is not enough awareness of necessity to test patients with TNBC for BRCA1 mutations. That is why this group of patients is not well-studied, even through is known the mutation may affect the course of disease. METHODS The biological samples of 408 female patients were analyzed of the 5382insC mutation in BRCA1. We compared the frequency of the 5382insC mutation in BRCA1 gene observed in Ukraine with known frequencies in other countries. RESULTS For patients with TNBC, BRCA1 mutations frequency was 11.3%, while in patients with luminal types of breast cancers, the frequency was 2.8%. Prevalence of 5382insC among TNBC patients reported in this study was not different from those in Tunisia, Poland, Russia, and Bulgaria, but was higher than in Australia and Germany. CONCLUSION The BRCA1 c.5382 mutation rate was recorded for the first time for TNBC patients in a Ukrainian population. The results presented in this study underscore the importance of this genetic testing of mutations in patients with TNBC. Our study supports BRCA1/2 genetic testing for all women diagnosed with TNBC, regardless of the age of onset or family history of cancer and not only for women diagnosed with TNBC at <60y.o., as guidelines recommend.
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Oranratnachai S, Yamkaew W, Tunteeratum A, Sukarayothin T, Iemwimangsa N, Panvichien R. Characteristics of breast cancer patients tested for germline BRCA1/2 mutations by next-generation sequencing in Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2022; 6:e1664. [PMID: 35778884 PMCID: PMC9875646 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Germline mutations in BRCA1/2 are the most common cause of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) syndrome. Few studies published during the past decade reported the prevalence of germline BRCA mutations in Asian patients with breast cancer. We aimed to assess the prevalence and characteristics of Thai patients with breast cancer with germline BRCA1/2 mutations. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed all breast cancer patients who were tested for germline BRCA1/2 mutations during 2014-2018. BRCA mutations were detected using next-generation sequencing and confirmed using Sanger sequencing. We analyzed the characteristics of patients with or without BRCA mutations. Disease-free survival (DFS) and the associated factors were determined. RESULTS Among 67 patients, 12 (18%) were BRCA1/2 carriers (6 each), 4 (6%) harbored variants of uncertain significance, and 51 (76%) were non-carriers. We discovered two novel BRCA2 frameshift mutations (c.2380delA and c.8855dupT). Mean ages at breast cancer diagnosis of BRCA1, BRCA2, and non-carriers were 39.8, 46.2, and 42.0 years, respectively. The 12 tumors of BRCA carriers were mainly the luminal-B subtype. Two of these tumors were HER2-positive luminal-B, and the triple-negative subtype was not detected. After adjusting for stages and luminal subtypes, BRCA carriers experienced worse 3-year DFS than non-carriers (81.5% vs. 90.3%, HR 2.04 [0.64-6.49], p = .229). The stage at diagnosis was the sole factor significantly associated with 3-year DFS (100%, 84.8%, and 72.7%; stages I, II, and III, respectively). CONCLUSION Thai patients with breast cancer with BRCA1/2 mutations were mainly the luminal-B subtypes with worse prognosis than those without mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songporn Oranratnachai
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Watchalawalee Yamkaew
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Atchara Tunteeratum
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Thongchai Sukarayothin
- Breast and Endocrine Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | | | - Ravat Panvichien
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
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Genetic medicine is accelerating in Japan. Breast Cancer 2022; 29:659-665. [PMID: 35191009 PMCID: PMC9225975 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-022-01342-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background In 2018, BRACAnalysis® was covered by medical insurance in Japan as a companion diagnostic test for the poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitor olaparib. In April 2020, eligibility for BRCA1/2 genetic testing was expanded to the diagnosis of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome, and medical management including prophylactic surgery and surveillance were covered by public insurance for BRCA1/2 mutation carriers who developed breast or ovarian cancer. The amount of BRCA1/2 genetic testing has been increasing recently, but the number of subjects and the impact of testing for patients’ outcomes remain unclear. Patients and methods This study explored the potential number of patients who will be eligible for new insurance coverage for BRCA1/2 genetic testing. We analyzed 868 patients from 938 surgeries between January 2014 and September 2020 from our database. Results Overall, 372 patients (43%) were eligible for new insurance coverage for BRCA1/2 genetic testing. The most common category was family history of breast or ovarian cancer within third-degree relatives. We found that 202 patients (23%) had family history of breast or ovarian cancer. In addition, the progression-free survival was significantly lower in triple-negative breast cancer patients aged 60 years or younger compared with the other patients (P = 0.0005). Conclusion The genetic medicine for primary breast cancer patients with BRCA1/2 germline mutation is accelerating rapidly in Japan. Therefore, establishing a system for the genetic medicine would be urgent. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12282-022-01342-4.
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Ejaz S, Abbas Z, Nouroz F. Exceptional behavior of breast cancer-associated type 1 gene in breast invasive carcinoma. J Cancer Res Ther 2022; 18:1743-1753. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1310_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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12
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Barve M, Aaron P, Manning L, Bognar E, Wallraven G, Horvath S, Stanbery L, Nemunaitis J. Pilot Study of Combination Gemogenovatucel-T (Vigil) and Durvalumab in Women With Relapsed BRCA-wt Triple-Negative Breast or Ovarian Cancer. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS: ONCOLOGY 2022; 16:11795549221110501. [PMID: 35957960 PMCID: PMC9358582 DOI: 10.1177/11795549221110501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gemogenovatucel-T (Vigil) is a triple-function autologous tumor cell immunotherapy which expresses granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and decreases expression of furin and downstream TGF-β1 and TGF-β2. Vigil has suggested survival benefit in frontline maintenance ovarian cancer patients who are BRCA-wt. In addition, Vigil demonstrates relapse-free and overall survival advantage in homologous recombination-proficient patients with OC. Further evidence of clinical benefit and safety has been demonstrated in combination with atezolizumab. Methods: In this pilot study (NCT02725489), the concurrent combination of the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor durvalumab and Vigil was explored in advanced BRCA-wt relapsed triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients and stage III-IV recurrent/refractory OC patients. Patients received the combination regimen of Vigil (1 × 10e6-10e7 cells/dose intradermally, up to 12 doses) and durvalumab (1500 mg/dose intravenous infusion, up to 12 months) once every 4 weeks. The primary objective was to evaluate safety of this combination. The study included 13 BRCA-wt patients (TNBC, n = 8; OC, n = 5). Results: The most common treatment-emergent adverse events (⩾20%) in all patients included injection-site reaction (92.3%), myalgia (38.5%), bruise at injection site (23.1%), and pruritus (23.1%). Three grade 3 treatment-related adverse events were observed and related to durvalumab. There were no grade 4/5 treatment-related adverse events. Median progression-free survival was 7.1 months and the median overall survival was not reached. Prolonged progression-free survival was improved in patients with PD-L1+ tumors (n = 8, hazard ratio = 0.304, 95% confidence interval, 0.0593-1.56, 1-sided P = .04715) compared with those with PD-L1− tumors. Conclusions: Vigil plus durvalumab was well tolerated and showed promising clinical activity in advanced BRCA-wt TNBC and stage III-IV recurrent/refractory OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minal Barve
- Mary Crowley Cancer Research Centers, Dallas, TX, USA
- Texas Oncology, P.A., Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Luisa Manning
- Medical Affairs, Gradalis, Inc., Carrollton, TX, USA
| | - Ernest Bognar
- Medical Affairs, Gradalis, Inc., Carrollton, TX, USA
| | | | - Staci Horvath
- Medical Affairs, Gradalis, Inc., Carrollton, TX, USA
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Kurian AW, Abrahamse P, Bondarenko I, Hamilton AS, Deapen D, Gomez SL, Morrow M, Berek JS, Hofer TP, Katz SJ, Ward KC. Association of Genetic Testing Results with Mortality Among Women with Breast Cancer or Ovarian Cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2021; 114:245-253. [PMID: 34373918 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djab151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer and ovarian cancer patients increasingly undergo germline genetic testing. However, little is known about cancer-specific mortality among carriers of a pathogenic variant (PV) in BRCA1/2 or other genes in a population-based setting. METHODS Georgia and California Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registry records were linked to clinical genetic testing results. Women were included who had stages I-IV breast cancer or ovarian cancer diagnosed in 2013-2017; received chemotherapy; and linked to genetic testing results. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association of genetic results with cancer-specific mortality. RESULTS 22,495 breast and 4,320 ovarian cancer patients were analyzed, with a median follow-up of 41 months. PVs were present in 12.7% of breast cancer patients with estrogen and/or progesterone receptor-positive, HER2-negative cancer, 9.8% with HER2-positive cancer, 16.8% with triple-negative breast cancer and 17.2% with ovarian cancer. Among triple-negative breast cancer patients, cancer-specific mortality was lower with BRCA1 (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.35-0.69) and BRCA2 PVs (HR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.41-0.89), and equivalent with PVs in other genes (HR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.37-1.13), versus non-carriers. Among ovarian cancer patients, cancer-specific mortality was lower with PVs in BRCA2 (HR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.25-0.49) and genes other than BRCA1/2 (HR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.32-0.69). No PV was associated with higher cancer-specific mortality. CONCLUSIONS Among breast cancer and ovarian cancer patients treated with chemotherapy in the community, BRCA1/2 and other gene PV carriers had equivalent or lower short-term cancer-specific mortality than non-carriers. These results may reassure newly diagnosed patients and longer follow-up is ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison W Kurian
- Departments of Medicine and of Epidemiology & Population Health, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Paul Abrahamse
- Department of Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Irina Bondarenko
- Department of Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Ann S Hamilton
- Department of Preventive Medicine in the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dennis Deapen
- Department of Preventive Medicine in the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Scarlett L Gomez
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Monica Morrow
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | - Jonathan S Berek
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Stanford Women's Cancer Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Timothy P Hofer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan and Center for Clinical Management Research, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Steven J Katz
- Department of Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kevin C Ward
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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Liu M, Xie F, Liu M, Zhang Y, Wang S. Association between BRCA mutational status and survival in patients with breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 186:591-605. [PMID: 33559780 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06104-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies evaluating role of BRCA mutations on the survival outcomes in breast cancer (BC) patients have given confounding results and hence, in this meta-analysis, we assessed the impact of BRCA mutations on survival in BC patients. METHODS Studies comparing survival outcomes of BC patients having BRCA mutations against wildtype BRCA phenotype were retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library. Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and breast cancer-specific survival (BCCS) were the outcomes. Hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used for analysis. Subgroup analysis was performed for survival based on triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and follow-up durations. The meta-analysis was performed as per PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS Altogether, 30 articles with 35,972 patients (mean age 45.6 years) were included. Patients with BRCA 1 mutation had significantly lower OS (HR [95% CI] 1.2 [1.08, 1.33]; P < 0.001), BRCA 2 mutation had significantly lower DFS (HR [95% CI] 1.35 [1.1, 1.67]; P = 0.0049) and BCSS (HR [95%CI] 1.46 [1.26, 1.7]; P < 0.0001), and TNBC patients with BRCA 1 mutation had significantly poor DFS (HR [95% CI] 1.65 [1.08, 2.54]; P = 0.0216). Based on follow-up duration, the OS in BRCA 1-mutated patients revealed significantly poorer outcomes in studies with ≤ 5 years (HR 1.48) and > 5 years (HR 1.14) of follow-up. In BRCA 2 -mutated patients, the OS was significantly poorer in studies with > 5 years of follow-up (HR 1.39, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION BC patients with BRCA 1 or BRCA 2 mutations had poor survival outcomes and hence screening patients with BC for BRCA mutations might help in strategizing their treatment and improving their survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liu
- Breast Center, Peking University, People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Xie
- Breast Center, Peking University, People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Miaoyu Liu
- Breast Center, Peking University, People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Breast Center, Peking University, People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Breast Center, Peking University, People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Ye F, He M, Huang L, Lang G, Hu X, Shao Z, Di G, Cao A. Insights Into the Impacts of BRCA Mutations on Clinicopathology and Management of Early-Onset Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 10:574813. [PMID: 33505905 PMCID: PMC7829963 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.574813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known regarding the clinicopathologic characteristics, oncologic outcomes, and treatment strategies that could be ascribed to BRCA mutation in early-onset triple-negative breast cancer (eTNBC). Methods eTNBC patients who underwent BRCA genetic testing were derived from our clinical database between 2012 and 2018. Differences in clinical features and pathologic characteristics were examined in groups divided by BRCA mutation status, and the contribution of germline mutations in conjunction with treatment modalities to survival outcomes was determined. Results Of the 355 qualifying eTNBC patients, 67 (18.87%) were BRCA mutated and 288 (81.13%) were BRCA wild. Overall, median age at diagnosis was 34 years (range, 24-40 years) in the BRCA mutated subgroup and 35 years (range, 21-40 years) in BRCA wild. The majority of clinicopathologic parameters were parallel; however, tumor size (P = 0.07) and nuclear grade (P =0.08) tend to be more aggressive in the BRCA mutated subgroup. Compared with BRCA wild patients, BRCA mutated patients had a higher likelihood of receiving anthracyclines and taxane-based combination chemotherapy (P = 0.04) and tend to be lower tumor burden (P =0.01). After approximately 5-year median follow-up, the overall survival (OS) (P = 0.021) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) (P = 0.004) in BRCA mutated patients were superior to those in their BRCA wild counterparts. Intriguingly, the clinical outcomes were comparable in patients with breast conserving surgery (BCS) regardless of BRCA mutations and in patients with BRCA mutations in spite of surgical schedules. Conclusions These results suggest that eTNBC patients with BRCA mutations are prone to better OS and BCSS, which might be largely attributed to more benefit from anthracyclines and taxane-based chemotherapy. The BCS procedure could be a safe alternative surgical option for eTNBC patients with BRCA mutations. Future studies with substantial numbers of participants are urgently needed to validate whether BRCA mutation eTNBC patients are more sensitive to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fugui Ye
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Min He
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Guantian Lang
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhimin Shao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Genhong Di
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ayong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
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Cao L, Zhang M, Yu X, Wang J, Li Y. Efficacy and safety of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors therapy for BRCA-mutated breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cancer Res Ther 2021; 17:1672-1678. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2085_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Wang J, Zhang Y, Yuan L, Ren L, Zhang Y, Qi X. Comparative efficacy, safety, and acceptability of single-agent poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in BRCA-mutated HER2-negative metastatic or advanced breast cancer: a network meta-analysis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:450-459. [PMID: 33257598 PMCID: PMC7834995 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and is the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Both talazoparib and olaparib are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treating BRCA (breast cancer 1, early onset)-mutated HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2)-negative metastatic or advanced breast cancer. However, the optimal choice of first-line treatment has not been determined. Objective: To compare the efficacy, safety, and acceptability of single-agent poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors for patients with BRCA-mutated HER2-negative metastatic or advanced breast cancer. Results: We included two trials comprising 733 participants. Compared with talazoparib, olaparib was not associated with improved PFS (HR = 1.08, 95% CrI = 0.34–3.45) or OS (HR = 1.18, 95% CrI = 0.61–2.31). Compared with talazoparib, olaparib was associated with non-significantly improved ORR (OR = 0.83, 95% CrI = 0.05–12.64). Regarding safety, olaparib had reduced risk for both grade 3–4 anemia (OR = 0.34, 95% CrI = 0.003–34.94) and any-grade anemia (OR = 0.37, 95% CrI = 0.02–6.81) compared with talazoparib. Olaparib also showed a low risk for grade 3–4 neutropenia (OR = 0.57, 95% CrI = 0.06–5.75) compared with talazoparib. Both talazoparib and olaparib were not associated with high risk of treatment discontinuation (OR = 0.95, 95% CrI = 0.21–4.47). Regarding time to QoL deterioration, olaparib was associated with short time to clinically meaningful QoL deterioration (HR = 1.16, 95% CrI = 0.19–7.17) compared to talazoparib. Conclusion: Both talazoparib and olaparib have similar efficacy, safety, and acceptability in patients with BRCA-mutated HER2-negative metastatic or advanced breast cancer. Well-designed head-to-head randomized controlled trials with large samples are suggested to determine the optimal treatment choice. Methods: We performed a systematic review and network meta-analysis. We performed a systematic search of Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Medline, ClinicalTrials.gov, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and international registers for published and unpublished double-blind randomized controlled trials from database inception to July 20, 2019. The pooled estimates of hazard ratios (HR) with 95% credible intervals (CrIs) were calculated for PFS, OS, and the time to deterioration of quality of life (QoL). The pooled estimates of odds ratio (OR) with 95% CrIs were calculated for ORR, AEs, and treatment discontinuation. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019138939).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Wang
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Long Yuan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Lin Ren
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Qi
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P.R. China
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Hartkopf AD, Emons J, Lux MP, Taran FA, Overkamp F, Tesch H, Titzmann A, Pöschke P, Lüftner D, Wallwiener M, Müller V, Beckmann MW, Belleville E, Janni W, Fehm TN, Kolberg HC, Ettl J, Wallwiener D, Schneeweiss A, Brucker SY, Fasching PA. Klinische Endpunkte in Real-World-Register-Studien. DER ONKOLOGE 2020; 26:530-541. [DOI: 10.1007/s00761-020-00766-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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Mansouri M, Derkaoui T, Bakkach J, Loudiyi A, Ghailani Nourouti N, Barakat A, Villarreal JM, Bringas CC, Bennani Mechita M. Screening of BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations in unselected triple‐negative breast cancer patients: A series from north of Morocco. PRECISION MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/prm2.12009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Mansouri
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of TangierAbdelmalek Essaâdi University Tetouan Morocco
- Oncology Clinic Al Amal of Tangier Tangier Morocco
| | - Touria Derkaoui
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of TangierAbdelmalek Essaâdi University Tetouan Morocco
| | - Joaira Bakkach
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of TangierAbdelmalek Essaâdi University Tetouan Morocco
| | - Ali Loudiyi
- Oncology Clinic Al Amal of Tangier Tangier Morocco
| | - Naima Ghailani Nourouti
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of TangierAbdelmalek Essaâdi University Tetouan Morocco
| | - Amina Barakat
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of TangierAbdelmalek Essaâdi University Tetouan Morocco
| | | | | | - Mohcine Bennani Mechita
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of TangierAbdelmalek Essaâdi University Tetouan Morocco
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De Talhouet S, Peron J, Vuilleumier A, Friedlaender A, Viassolo V, Ayme A, Bodmer A, Treilleux I, Lang N, Tille JC, Chappuis PO, Buisson A, Giraud S, Lasset C, Bonadona V, Trédan O, Labidi-Galy SI. Clinical outcome of breast cancer in carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations according to molecular subtypes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7073. [PMID: 32341426 PMCID: PMC7184602 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63759-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCA1/BRCA2 genes play a central role in DNA repair and their mutations increase sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents. There are conflicting data regarding the prognostic value of BRCA germline mutations in breast cancer (BC) patients. We collected clinical, pathological and genetic data of a cohort 925 BC patients preselected for genetic screening and treated with neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy, of whom 266 were BRCA carriers. Overall, 171 women carried a BRCA1 mutation, 95 carried a BRCA2 mutation, and 659 were non-carriers. In the entire cohort, there was a prolonged disease-free survival (DFS) for BRCA carriers (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.63; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.44–0.90 for BRCA1; HR = 0.72; 95%CI, 0.47–1.1 for BRCA2; p = 0.020) and a trend toward prolonged disease-specific survival (DSS; HR = 0.65; 95%CI, 0.40–1.1 for BRCA1; HR = 0.78; 95%CI, 0.44–1.38 for BRCA2; p = 0.19) though not statistically significant. In the TNBC group, BRCA carriers had prolonged DFS (adjusted HR = 0.50; 95%CI, 0.28–0.89 for BRCA1; adjusted HR = 0.37; 95%CI, 0.11–1.25, for BRCA2; p = 0.034) and DSS (adjusted HR = 0.42; 95%CI, 0.21–0.82 for BRCA1; adjusted HR = 0.45; 95%CI, 0.11–1.9 for BRCA2; p = 0.023). In the non-TNBC group, the BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations did not have any impact on survival. These results suggest that BRCA1/BRCA2 germline mutations are associated with prolonged survival only if women were diagnosed with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julien Peron
- Department of Oncology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Department of Biostatistics, Hospices Civils de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5558, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aurelie Vuilleumier
- Department of Oncology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alex Friedlaender
- Department of Oncology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Valeria Viassolo
- Department of Oncology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aurélie Ayme
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Laboratory and Pathology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Bodmer
- Department of Oncology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Noemie Lang
- Department of Oncology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean- Christophe Tille
- Department of Diagnostics, Division of pathology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pierre O Chappuis
- Department of Oncology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine, Laboratory and Pathology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Adrien Buisson
- Department of Biopathology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Sophie Giraud
- Department of Genetics, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Christine Lasset
- Unit of Prevention and Genetic Epidemiology, UMR CNRS 5558, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Valerie Bonadona
- Unit of Prevention and Genetic Epidemiology, UMR CNRS 5558, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Trédan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - S Intidhar Labidi-Galy
- Department of Oncology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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21
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Kurian AW, Ward KC, Abrahamse P, Hamilton AS, Deapen D, Morrow M, Jagsi R, Katz SJ. Association of Germline Genetic Testing Results With Locoregional and Systemic Therapy in Patients With Breast Cancer. JAMA Oncol 2020; 6:e196400. [PMID: 32027353 PMCID: PMC7042883 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.6400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance The increasing use of germline genetic testing may have unintended consequences on treatment. Little is known about how women with pathogenic variants in cancer susceptibility genes are treated for breast cancer. Objective To determine the association of germline genetic testing results with locoregional and systemic therapy use in women diagnosed with breast cancer. Design, Setting, and Participants For this population-based cohort study, data from women aged 20 years or older who were diagnosed with stages 0 to III breast cancer between 2014 and 2016 were accrued from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registries of Georgia and California. The women underwent genetic testing within 3 months after diagnosis and were reported to the Georgia and California SEER registries by December 1, 2017. Exposures Pathogenic variant status based on linked results of clinical germline genetic testing by 4 laboratories that did most such testing in the studied regions. Main Outcomes and Measures Potential deviation of treatment from practice guidelines was assessed in the following clinical scenarios: (1) surgery: receipt of bilateral mastectomy by women eligible for less extensive unilateral surgery (unilateral breast tumor); (2) radiotherapy: omission in women indicated for postlumpectomy radiotherapy (all lumpectomy recipients except age ≥70 with stage I, estrogen and/or progesterone receptor [ER/PR] positive, ERBB2 [formerly HER2]-negative disease); and (3) chemotherapy: receipt by women eligible to consider chemotherapy omission (stages I-II, ER/PR-positive, ERBB2-negative, and 21-gene recurrence score of 0-30, which was the upper limit of the intermediate risk range during the study years). The adjusted percentage treated and adjusted odds ratio (OR) are reported based on multivariable modeling for each treatment-eligible group. Results A total of 20 568 women (17.3%) of 119 198 were eligible (mean [SD] age, 51.4 [12.2]). Compared with women whose test results were negative, those with BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants were more likely to receive bilateral mastectomy for a unilateral tumor (61.7% vs 24.3%; OR, 5.52, 95% CI, 4.73-6.44), less likely to receive postlumpectomy radiotherapy (50.2% vs 81.5%; OR, 0.22, 95% CI, 0.15-0.32), and more likely to receive chemotherapy for early-stage, ER/PR-positive disease (38.0% vs 30.3%; OR, 1.76, 95% CI, 1.31-2.34). Similar patterns were seen with pathogenic variants in other breast cancer-associated genes (ATM, CDH1, CHEK2, NBN, NF1, PALB2, PTEN, and TP53) but not with variants of uncertain significance. Conclusions and Relevance Women with pathogenic variants in BRCA1/2 and other breast cancer-associated genes were found to have distinct patterns of breast cancer treatment; these may be less concordant with practice guidelines, particularly for radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison W. Kurian
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Kevin C. Ward
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Paul Abrahamse
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor
- Department of Health Management & Policy, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor
| | - Ann S. Hamilton
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dennis Deapen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Monica Morrow
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Reshma Jagsi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Steven J. Katz
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor
- Department of Health Management & Policy, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor
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22
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Chen Q, Lei JH, Bao J, Wang H, Hao W, Li L, Peng C, Masuda T, Miao K, Xu J, Xu X, Deng C. BRCA1 Deficiency Impairs Mitophagy and Promotes Inflammasome Activation and Mammary Tumor Metastasis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1903616. [PMID: 32195105 PMCID: PMC7080549 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201903616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) is a major tumor suppressor gene and is most frequently mutated in hereditary breast cancer. BRCA1 plays a critical role in many biological processes, especially maintaining genomic stability in the nucleus, yet its role in the cytoplasm remains elusive. Here, it is revealed that BRCA1 maintains a healthy mitochondrial network through regulating mitochondrial dynamics, including fission and fusion. BRCA1 deficiency causes dysfunctional mitochondrial dynamics through increased expression of mitofusin1/2. With mitochondrial stress, BRCA1 is recruited to the mitochondrial outer membrane, where it plays an essential role in maintaining a healthy mitochondrial network. Consequently, BRCA1 deficiency impairs stress-induced mitophagy through blocking ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM)-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-Dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1)-mediated mitochondrial fission and triggers NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which creates a tumor-associated microenvironment, thereby facilitating tumor proliferation and metastasis. It is further shown that inflammasome inhibition can prevent tumor recurrence and metastasis. This study uncovers an important role of BRCA1 in regulating mitophagy and suggests a therapeutic approach for fighting this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- Cancer CenterFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
- Center for Precision Medicine Research and TrainingUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
- Zhuhai UM Science and Technology Research InstituteZhuhai519031China
| | - Josh Haipeng Lei
- Cancer CenterFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
- Center for Precision Medicine Research and TrainingUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
| | - Jiaolin Bao
- Cancer CenterFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
- Center for Precision Medicine Research and TrainingUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
| | - Haitao Wang
- Cancer CenterFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
- Center for Precision Medicine Research and TrainingUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
| | - Wenhui Hao
- Cancer CenterFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
- Center for Precision Medicine Research and TrainingUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
| | - Licen Li
- Cancer CenterFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
- Center for Precision Medicine Research and TrainingUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
| | - Cheng Peng
- Cancer CenterFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
- Center for Precision Medicine Research and TrainingUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
| | - Takaaki Masuda
- Department of SurgeryKyushu University Beppu HospitalBeppu‐shiOita874‐0838Japan
| | - Kai Miao
- Cancer CenterFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
- Center for Precision Medicine Research and TrainingUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
| | - Jun Xu
- Cancer CenterFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
- Center for Precision Medicine Research and TrainingUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
| | - Xiaoling Xu
- Cancer CenterFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
- Center for Precision Medicine Research and TrainingUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
| | - Chu‐Xia Deng
- Cancer CenterFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
- Center for Precision Medicine Research and TrainingUniversity of MacauMacauMacau, SARChina
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23
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Effects of BRCA Germline Mutations on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Prognosis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:8545643. [PMID: 32322271 PMCID: PMC7165358 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8545643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations confer an increased lifetime risk for breast cancer and ovarian cancer. Several studies have investigated prognosis among BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and noncarriers, but the prognostic impact on outcomes of breast cancer patients has not been determined. The aim of this study was to determine the prognosis of TNBC patients with and without BRCA1/2 germline mutation. Among 502 patients diagnosed with TNBC between 2005 and 2008, 124 patients with a strong family history of breast cancer or ovarian cancer as well as TNBC patients diagnosed under 45 years were referred to the Genetic Counseling Unit for genetic counselling and genetic tests. In 30 (24%) of them, the BRCA1/2 mutation was detected (the most common 5382insC in 18 (60%) patients). The median follow-up of the entire group was 60 months. BRCA1/2 mutation carriers were statistically significantly younger at TNBC diagnosis compared with nonmutation patients (41 vs 47 years, respectively). Patients with the BRCA1/2 mutation had smaller tumors (stage I: 47% vs 24.5% in noncarriers), but there was no significant difference in the regional nodal status (58.5–63% with cN0). Contralateral breast cancer developed in 26.5% of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and in 14% of noncarriers. Other primary cancers were also slightly more common in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers (16.5% vs 9.5%). The performed analysis did not show any significant differences between the groups in recurrence-free survival (p=0.312). There was no significant difference between patients with or without BRCA1/2 mutation as regards overall survival (p=0.649) and the risk of TNBC death (p=0.333). The survival from detection of metastases was similar in two groups (p=0.865). Our study demonstrated that the BRCA1 mutation does not affect TNBC patients' outcomes.
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24
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Elsakov P, Ostapenko V, Luksyte A, Smailyte G. Similar 10-year survival in breast cancer patients of Lithuania and Poland with common BRCA1 founder mutations. BREAST CANCER MANAGEMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.2217/bmt-2018-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Elsakov
- Diagnostic Center, Therapy Consultation Department, Public Institution Central Outpatient Clinic, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Valerij Ostapenko
- Breast Surgery & Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Audrone Luksyte
- Consulting Polyclinic, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Giedre Smailyte
- Cancer Epidemiology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
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25
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Fountzilas E, Konstantopoulou I, Vagena A, Apostolou P, Papadimitriou C, Christodoulou C, Tryfonopoulos D, Manousou K, Delimitsou A, Papamentzelopoulou M, Fountzilas G, Yannoukakos D, Fostira F. Pathology of BRCA1- and BRCA2-associated Breast Cancers: Known and Less Known Connections. Clin Breast Cancer 2019; 20:152-159. [PMID: 31980407 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers indefinitely comprise a distinct group of patients with breast cancer (BC), with their tumors displaying specific pathologic characteristics. Although these connections are known, they are not fully elucidated. We therefore sought to investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics and overall survival of Greek patients with BC carrying BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations. PATIENTS AND METHODS Greek patients with BC diagnosed between 1999 and 2016, fulfilling the National Comprehensive Cancer Network criteria for genetic testing, were analyzed for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations by Sanger sequencing or by a 94-gene panel. Medical records and pathology reports were retrospectively reviewed to retrieve patient and tumor baseline characteristics. Potential associations with mutation status were assessed using the Fisher exact, Pearson χ2, and Mann-Whitney tests. RESULTS Of 2096 selected patients with BC, we identified 297 (14.2%) BRCA1 and 88 (4.2%) BRCA2 carriers. The mean age at BC diagnosis was 40 and 42.6 years, respectively (P = .02). Tumor histologic subtypes in BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers were predominantly ductal (79%) followed by medullary (10%), and ductal (72%) followed by lobular (15%), respectively. A significantly higher percentage of BRCA2 tumors were human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive, compared with BRCA1 tumors (21.7% vs. 5.8%; P < .001). Second primary cancer diagnosis was more frequent in BRCA1 compared with BRCA2 mutation carriers (36.2% vs. 10.7%; P < .001), whereas there was no difference in 15-year overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.92; 95% confidence interval, 0.48-1.83; P = .804) between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS These data confirm established observations in the pathology of BRCA-related tumors and provide further insight on the association of rare histologic entities with mutations in these genes, which can be clinically beneficial.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- BRCA1 Protein/genetics
- BRCA2 Protein/genetics
- Breast/pathology
- Breast/surgery
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/mortality
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/therapy
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/mortality
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/therapy
- Carcinoma, Lobular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lobular/mortality
- Carcinoma, Lobular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Lobular/therapy
- Carcinoma, Medullary/genetics
- Carcinoma, Medullary/mortality
- Carcinoma, Medullary/pathology
- Carcinoma, Medullary/therapy
- Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
- DNA Mutational Analysis
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Genetic Testing/statistics & numerical data
- Greece
- Heterozygote
- Humans
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Mastectomy
- Middle Aged
- Mutation
- Neoplasm Grading
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/genetics
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/mortality
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/pathology
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/therapy
- Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
- Retrospective Studies
- Treatment Outcome
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Fountzilas
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Irene Konstantopoulou
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | - Andromahi Vagena
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Apostolou
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Papadimitriou
- Oncology Unit, Second Department of Surgery, "Aretaieion" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Kyriaki Manousou
- Section of Biostatistics, Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group, Athens, Greece
| | - Angeliki Delimitsou
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | - Myrto Papamentzelopoulou
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Fountzilas
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hellenic Foundation for Cancer Research/Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Drakoulis Yannoukakos
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | - Florentia Fostira
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece.
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26
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Francies FZ, Herd O, Cairns A, Nietz S, Murdoch M, Slabbert J, Claes KBM, Vral A, Baeyens A. Chromosomal radiosensitivity of triple negative breast cancer patients. Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 95:1507-1516. [PMID: 31348739 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1649502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Based on clinical and molecular data, breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease. Breast cancers that have no expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) are defined as triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs); luminal cancers have different expressions of ER, PR and/or HER2. TNBCs are frequently linked with advanced disease, poor prognosis and occurrence in young African women, and about 15% of the cases are associated with germline BRCA1/2 mutations. Since radiotherapy is utilized as a principle treatment in the management of TNBC, we aimed to investigate the chromosomal instability and radiosensitivity of lymphocytes in TNBC patients compared to luminal breast cancer patients and healthy controls using the micronucleus (MN) assay. The effect of mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes on chromosomal radiosensitivity was also evaluated.Methods: Chromosomal radiosensitivity was evaluated in the G0 (83 patients and 90 controls) and S/G2 (34 patients and 17 controls) phase of the cell cycle by exposing blood samples from all patients and controls to 2 and 4 Gy ionizing radiation (IR).Results: In the G0 MN assay, the combined cohort of all breast cancer, TNBC and luminal patients' exhibit significantly elevated spontaneous MN values compared to controls indicating chromosomal instability. Chromosomal radiosensitivity is also significantly elevated in the combined cohort of all breast cancer patients compared to controls. The TNBC patients, however, do not exhibit enhanced chromosomal radiosensitivity. Similarly, in the S/G2 phase, 76% of TNBC patients do not show enhanced chromosomal radiosensitivity compared to the controls. In both the G0 and S/G2 phase, luminal breast cancer patients demonstrate a shift toward chromosomal radiosensitivity compared to TNBC patients and controls.Conclusions: The observations of the MN assay suggest increased chromosomal instability and chromosomal radiosensitivity in South African breast cancer patients. However, in TNBC patients, the irradiated MN values are not elevated. Our results suggest that the healthy lymphocytes in TNBC patients could handle higher doses of IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Zita Francies
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiobiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Olivia Herd
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiobiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Alan Cairns
- Department of Surgery, Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sarah Nietz
- Department of Surgery, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital and Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Marshall Murdoch
- Department of Surgery, Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Kathleen B M Claes
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anne Vral
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ans Baeyens
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiobiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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27
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Fernandes GC, Felicio PS, Michelli RAD, Coelho AS, Scapulatempo-Neto C, Palmero EI. Differential Profile of BRCA1 vs. BRCA2 Mutated Families: A Characterization of the Main Differences and Similarities in Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:1655-1660. [PMID: 31244284 PMCID: PMC7021617 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.6.1655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of families at-risk for hereditary breast cancer (BC) is important because affected individuals present a much higher cancer risk than the general population. The aim of this study was to identify the most important factors associated with the presence of a pathogenic BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation. Family history (FH), histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics were compared among BC women with pathogenic BRCA1/BRCA2 variants; VUSs in BRCA1/BRCA2; BRCA1/BRCA2 WT and sporadic BC. The most significative differences observed concerned the molecular subtype of the tumors, age at cancer diagnosis and FH of cancer. The presence of bilateral breast cancer (BBC), number of BC cases and the presence of ovarian cancer (OC) increased (respectively) 5.797, 5.033 and 4.412 times the risk of being a BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carrier. Besides, women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations presented different tumor and FH profiles. The main characteristics associated with a BRCA1 mutation were triple negativity (OR: 17.31), BBC history (OR: 4.96) and occurrence of OC (OR: 4.32). There were no major discerning components associated with BRCA2 mutations. Thus, we conclude that tumor pathology and FH of cancer might be considered together at the time of genetic testing mainly in countries where access to genetic testing is still restricted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cristovam Scapulatempo-Neto
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Brazil. ,Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Brazil
| | - Edenir Inêz Palmero
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Brazil. ,Department of Oncogenetics, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Brazil.,Barretos School of Health Sciences, Dr. Paulo Prata - FACISB, Brazil
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28
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Yang L, Ye F, Bao L, Zhou X, Wang Z, Hu P, Ouyang N, Li X, Shi Y, Chen G, Xia P, Chui M, Li W, Jia Y, Liu Y, Liu J, Ye J, Zhang Z, Bu H. Somatic alterations of TP53, ERBB2, PIK3CA and CCND1 are associated with chemosensitivity for breast cancers. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:1389-1400. [PMID: 30776175 PMCID: PMC6447848 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The correlation of genetic alterations with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has not been fully revealed. In this study, we enrolled 247 breast cancer patients receiving anthracycline‐taxane‐based NAC treatment. A next generation sequencing (NGS) panel containing 36 hotspot breast cancer‐related genes was used in this study. Two different standards for the extent of pathologic complete response (pCR), ypT0/isypN0 and ypT0/is, were used as indicators for NAC treatment. TP53 mutation (n = 149, 60.3%), PIK3CA mutation (n = 109, 44.1%) and MYC amplification (n = 95, 38.5%) were frequently detected in enrolled cases. TP53 mutation (P = 0.019 for ypT0/isypN0 and P = 0.003 for ypT0/is) and ERBB2 amplification (P < 0.001 for both ypT0/isypN0 and ypT0/is) were related to higher pCR rates. PIK3CA mutation (P = 0.040 for ypT0/isypN0) and CCND2 amplification (P = 0.042 for ypT0/is) showed reduced sensitivity to NAC. Patients with MAPK pathway alteration had low pCR rates (P = 0.043 for ypT0/is). Patients with TP53 mutation (−) PIK3CA mutation (−) ERBB2 amplification (+) CCND1 amplification (−), TP53 mutation (+) PIK3CA mutation (−) ERBB2 amplification (+) CCND1 amplification (−) or TP53 mutation (+) PIK3CA mutation (+) ERBB2 amplification (+) CCND1 amplification (−)had significantly higher pCR rates (P < 0.05 for ypT0/isypN0 and ypT0/is) than wild type genotype tumors. Some cancer genetic alterations as well as pathway alterations were associated with chemosensitivity to NAC treatment. Our study may shed light on the molecular characteristics of breast cancer for prediction of NAC expectations when breast cancer is first diagnosed by biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Yang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Ye
- Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Longlong Bao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peizhen Hu
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nengtai Ouyang
- Cellular & Molecular Diagnostics Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Cellular & Molecular Diagnostics Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Peiyi Xia
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meiying Chui
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wencai Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Jia
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yueping Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | | | - Junyi Ye
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Bu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Huszno J, Kołosza Z, Grzybowska E. BRCA1 mutation in breast cancer patients: Analysis of prognostic factors and survival. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:1986-1995. [PMID: 30675265 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of BRCA1 mutations is associated with an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer. The present study compared clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival (OS) of hereditary and sporadic breast cancer. Using data collected from a previous study conducted between 2007-2016 at the Maria Skłodowska Curie Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (Gliwice, Poland), the prognostic factors and survival in 60 breast cancer mutation carriers were analyzed. A control group was selected from the breast cancer patients without BRCA mutations (n=386). BRCA mutation carriers had significantly worse survival when compared with non-carriers (P=0.017). The 10-year OS rate was 78.0% for all analyzed groups: 65.9% for BRCA mutation carriers and 81.1% for non-carriers. In the univariate analyses, BRCA mutation carriers had a significantly higher risk of mortality in comparison to non-carriers [hazard ratio (HR)=1.87; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08-3.25]. Increased tumor size (HR=3.64), lymph node metastases (HR=2.45) and higher histological grade (HR=2.84) were significant factors for worse OS. Positive estrogen receptor status was associated with a better OS (HR=0.49, P=0.022). Age ≤40 years (HR=0.48, P=0.081) was an insignificantly favorable factor. The 10-year survival rate was significantly decreased in patients with BRCA1 mutation. Therefore, negative factors for OS in mutation carriers included lymph nodes metastases, negative steroid receptor status and increased tumor size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Huszno
- Outpatient Clinic, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Zofia Kołosza
- Biostatistics Unit, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Ewa Grzybowska
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
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30
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Impact of BRCA Mutation Status on Survival of Women With Triple-negative Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2018; 18:e1229-e1235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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31
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Ibrahim Khalil A, Bendahhou K, Rhouda T, Lyahyai J, Qachach F, Zrhidri A, Natiq A, Benider A, Mestaghanmi H. Variation of exon 11 of the BRCA1 gene in patients with familial breast cancer at Mohammed VI center for treatment of cancers. GENE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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32
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Barcenas CH, Shafaee MN, Sinha AK, Raghavendra A, Saigal B, Murthy RK, Woodson AH, Arun B. Genetic Counseling Referral Rates in Long-Term Survivors of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2018; 16:518-524. [PMID: 29752326 PMCID: PMC5978679 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2018.7002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Inherited BRCA gene mutations (pathogenic variants) cause 10% of breast cancers. BRCA pathogenic variants predispose carriers to triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC); around 30% of patients with TNBC carry BRCA pathogenic variants. The 2018 NCCN Guidelines for Genetic/Familial High-Risk Assessment: Breast and Ovarian recommend genetic counseling referrals for patients with TNBC diagnosed at age ≤60 years. This study sought to describe genetic counseling referral patterns among long-term TNBC survivors at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Methods: This single-institution retrospective analysis of female long-term (disease-free for ≥5 years) TNBC survivors sought to determine the rate of genetic counseling referral among patients diagnosed at age ≤60 years between 1992 and 2008. Patients who underwent treatment and surveillance visits at our institution and were followed until 2017 were included. We collected BRCA pathogenic variant status among tested patients. Descriptive statistical methods and a univariate analysis were used to identify patient characteristics associated with genetic counseling referral. Results: We identified 646 female long-term TNBC survivors with a median age at diagnosis of 47 years. Of these, 245 (38%) received a recommendation for a genetic counseling referral. Among those referred, 156 (64%) underwent genetic testing, and 35% of those tested had BRCA pathogenic variants. Interestingly, among those referred, 20% declined genetic testing. The rate of genetic referrals improved over time, from 25% among TNBC survivors whose last surveillance visit was between 2011 and 2013 to 100% among those whose last surveillance visit was between 2014 or later. Younger age and premenopausal status at diagnosis and a family history of breast or ovarian cancer were associated with an increased rate of referral for genetic counseling. Conclusions: Among long-term TNBC survivors, the rate of referral to genetic counseling increased over time, and among those tested, 35% carried a BRCA pathogenic variant. Survivorship care provides an excellent opportunity to refer eligible patients for genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos H. Barcenas
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Maryam N. Shafaee
- Lester & Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Arup K. Sinha
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Akshara Raghavendra
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Babita Saigal
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Rashmi K. Murthy
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ashley H. Woodson
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Banu Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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33
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Guney Eskiler G, Cecener G, Egeli U, Tunca B. Triple negative breast cancer: new therapeutic approaches andBRCAstatus. APMIS 2018; 126:371-379. [DOI: 10.1111/apm.12836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Guney Eskiler
- Deparment of Medical Biology; Faculty of Medicine; Sakarya University; Sakarya Turkey
| | - Gulsah Cecener
- Deparment of Medical Biology; Faculty of Medicine; Uludag University; Bursa Turkey
| | - Unal Egeli
- Deparment of Medical Biology; Faculty of Medicine; Uludag University; Bursa Turkey
| | - Berrin Tunca
- Deparment of Medical Biology; Faculty of Medicine; Uludag University; Bursa Turkey
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34
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Pyrosequencing quantified methylation level of BRCA1 promoter as prognostic factor for survival in breast cancer patient. Oncotarget 2018; 7:27499-510. [PMID: 27027444 PMCID: PMC5053667 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCA1 promoter methylation is an essential epigenetic transcriptional silencing mechanism, related to breast cancer (BC) occurrence and progression. We quantified the methylation level of BRCA1 promoter and evaluated its significance as prognostic and predictive factor. BRCA1 promoter methylation level was quantified by pyrosequencing in surgical cancerous and adjacent normal specimens from 154 BC patients. A follow up of 98 months was conducted to assess the correlation between BRCA1-methylation level vs. overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS). The mean methylation level in BC tissues was significantly higher (mean 32.6%; median 31.9%) than in adjacent normal samples (mean 16.2%; median 13.0%) (P < 0.0001). Tumor stage (R = 0.6165, P < 0.0001) and size (R = 0.7328, P < 0.0001) were significantly correlated with the methylation level. Patients with unmethylated BRCA1 had a better OS and DFS compared to the methylated group (each P < 0.0001). BRCA1 promoter methylation level has a statistically significance on survival in BC patients (HazR = 1.465, P = 0.000) and is an independent prognostic factor for OS in BC patients (HazR = 2.042, P = 0.000). Patients with ductal type, HER2 negative, lymph node negative stage 1+2 tumors had a better OS and DFS. Classification of grades and molecular subtypes did not show any prognostic significance. Pyrosequencing is a precise and efficient method to quantify BRCA1 promoter methylation level, with a high potential for future clinical implication, as it identifies subgroups of patients with poorer prognosis.
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35
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Brianese RC, Nakamura KDDM, Almeida FGDSR, Ramalho RF, Barros BDDF, Ferreira ENE, Formiga MNDC, de Andrade VP, de Lima VCC, Carraro DM. BRCA1 deficiency is a recurrent event in early-onset triple-negative breast cancer: a comprehensive analysis of germline mutations and somatic promoter methylation. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 167:803-814. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4552-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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36
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den Brok WD, Schrader KA, Sun S, Tinker AV, Zhao EY, Aparicio S, Gelmon KA. Homologous Recombination Deficiency in Breast Cancer: A Clinical Review. JCO Precis Oncol 2017; 1:1-13. [DOI: 10.1200/po.16.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutation–associated breast cancers are known to be deficient in the process of homologous recombination and often respond favorably to drugs targeting this important DNA repair pathway. There is emerging evidence that a significant proportion of patients with BRCA1/ BRCA2 wild-type breast cancer are also deficient in homologous recombination, and it is hypothesized that these patients may derive similar benefit from drugs targeting this pathway. Current research has focused on the development of a companion diagnostic to identify these sporadic BRCA-like tumors. This review outlines the various approaches that researchers have taken to predict homologous recombination deficiency as part of correlative biomarker work in various studies and clinical trials in breast cancer. As some of these tests of homologous recombination deficiency move closer to clinical use, understanding the approach and limitations of each is of relevance to clinicians who treat patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendie D. den Brok
- Wendie D. den Brok, Sophie Sun, Anna V. Tinker, Samuel Aparicio, and Karen A. Gelmon, BC Cancer Agency; and Kasmintan A. Schrader and Eric Yang Zhao, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kasmintan A. Schrader
- Wendie D. den Brok, Sophie Sun, Anna V. Tinker, Samuel Aparicio, and Karen A. Gelmon, BC Cancer Agency; and Kasmintan A. Schrader and Eric Yang Zhao, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sophie Sun
- Wendie D. den Brok, Sophie Sun, Anna V. Tinker, Samuel Aparicio, and Karen A. Gelmon, BC Cancer Agency; and Kasmintan A. Schrader and Eric Yang Zhao, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anna V. Tinker
- Wendie D. den Brok, Sophie Sun, Anna V. Tinker, Samuel Aparicio, and Karen A. Gelmon, BC Cancer Agency; and Kasmintan A. Schrader and Eric Yang Zhao, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Eric Yang Zhao
- Wendie D. den Brok, Sophie Sun, Anna V. Tinker, Samuel Aparicio, and Karen A. Gelmon, BC Cancer Agency; and Kasmintan A. Schrader and Eric Yang Zhao, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Samuel Aparicio
- Wendie D. den Brok, Sophie Sun, Anna V. Tinker, Samuel Aparicio, and Karen A. Gelmon, BC Cancer Agency; and Kasmintan A. Schrader and Eric Yang Zhao, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Karen A. Gelmon
- Wendie D. den Brok, Sophie Sun, Anna V. Tinker, Samuel Aparicio, and Karen A. Gelmon, BC Cancer Agency; and Kasmintan A. Schrader and Eric Yang Zhao, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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37
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Gutierrez Barrera AM, Fouad TM, Song J, Webster R, Elsayegh N, Wood AL, Demir A, Litton JK, Ueno NT, Arun BK. BRCA mutations in women with inflammatory breast cancer. Cancer 2017; 124:466-474. [PMID: 29044548 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) often affects women at a relatively young age. To the authors' knowledge, the rate of BRCA variants among patients with IBC is not known. To determine the association between BRCA status and IBC, the authors evaluated its rate and compared the clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with IBC with those of patients with other breast cancers (non-IBC). METHODS Patients who presented at the study institution's cancer genetics program and who underwent BRCA genetic testing were included in the current study. The authors compared clinicopathologic data between patients with IBC and those with non-IBC using propensity score matching to identify predictors. RESULTS A total of 1789 patients who underwent BRCA genetic testing (1684 with non-IBC and 105 with IBC) were included. BRCA pathogenic variants were found in 27.3% of patients with non-IBC and 18.1% of patients with IBC (P = .0384). After propensity score matching, there were no significant differences noted between patients with IBC and those with non-IBC, including the rate of BRCA pathogenic variants (P = .5485). However, a subgroup analysis of the 479 patients with BRCA pathogenic variants demonstrated that patients with IBC (19 patients) were diagnosed at significantly younger ages compared with patients with non-IBC (P = .0244). CONCLUSIONS There was no clear association observed between BRCA pathogenic variants and IBC. However, among patients who tested positive for BRCA pathogenic variants, those with IBC were younger at the time of diagnosis compared with those with non-IBC breast cancers. These results confirm that genetic testing is important for patients with IBC who meet the current clinical criteria for genetic testing in breast cancer. Cancer 2018;124:466-74. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamer M Fouad
- MD Anderson Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Medical Oncology, The National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Juhee Song
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Rachel Webster
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Nisreen Elsayegh
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anita L Wood
- MD Anderson Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Atakan Demir
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Medical Oncology, Umraniye Research and Training Hospital, Umraniye, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jennifer K Litton
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Naoto T Ueno
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,MD Anderson Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Banu K Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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38
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Cost-effectiveness of surveillance and prevention strategies in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. Breast Cancer 2017; 25:141-150. [PMID: 29019095 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-017-0803-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cost-effectiveness analysis is an important aspect of healthcare, including in Japan, where preventive measures for BRCA1/2 mutation carriers are not covered by health insurance. METHODS We developed Markov models in a simulated cohort of women aged 35-70 years, and compared outcomes of surveillance with risk-reducing mastectomy (RRM) at age 35, risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) at age 45, and both (RRM&RRSO). We used breast and ovarian cancer incidences and adverse event rates from the previous studies, adjuvant chemotherapy, and hormonal therapy rates from the Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Registration 2015 in Japan, mortality rates from the National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan Society of Clinical Oncology, and Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, and direct costs from St. Luke's International Hospital and Keio University Hospital. We used previously published preference ratings of women without known high risk to adjust survival for quality of life. The discount rate was 2%. RESULTS Compared with surveillance, RRSO and RRM&RRSO were dominant (both cost-saving and more effective), and RRM was cost-effective in BRCA1 mutation carriers, while RRM and RRM&RRSO were dominant and RRSO was cost-effective in BRCA2. Among the four strategies including surveillance, RRM&RRSO and RRM were the most cost-effective in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, respectively. CONCLUSIONS With quality adjustment, RRM, RRSO, and RRM&RRSO were all cost-effective preventive strategies in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, with RRM&RRSO being the most cost-effective in BRCA1 and RRM in BRCA2. This result supports the inclusion of insurance coverage for BRCA mutation carriers in Japan.
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39
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Kong X, Liu W, Kong Y. Roles and expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs in triple-negative breast cancers. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:390-394. [PMID: 28941134 PMCID: PMC5742739 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) refers to the breast cancers that express little human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), progesterone receptor (PR) and oestrogen receptor (ER). When compared to other types of breast cancers, TNBC behaves more aggressively with relatively poorer prognosis. Moreover, except chemotherapy, no targeted treatments have been approved yet until now. Although the molecular‐biological mechanisms of the initiation and development of TNBC have been explored a lot, the exact details underlying its progressions are still not clear. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs), with the length greater than 200 nucleotides, are non‐protein coding transcripts. Previous researches have shown that lncRNAs are significantly involved in a variety of pathophysiological processes such as cell migration, invasion, proliferation, differentiation and development. lncRNAs’ dysregulated expressions have been observed in many types of tumours including TNBCs. This article will review the functional roles and dysregulations of lncRNAs in TNBCs. These lncRNAs are worthy of exploitation regarding their potential application values of TNBC's diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyi Kong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Breast Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyue Liu
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Tissue Engineering and Wound Healing Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yanguo Kong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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40
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The role of BRCA status on prognosis in patients with triple-negative breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:87151-87162. [PMID: 29152070 PMCID: PMC5675622 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have showed that dysfunction in the breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA) is associated with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC); however, its effect on patient survival remains controversial. We investigated the distribution of BRCA1/2 mutations in unselected Chinese patients with TNBC and explored their roles in prognosis. Then a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to evaluate the prognostic role of BRCA dysfunction, including BRCA1/2 germline/somatic mutations, BRCA1 promoter methylation, and low BRCA1 protein expression in TNBC patients. Pooled hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals were estimated to determine the association between BRCA dysfunction and survival. Our results showed a high frequency of BRCA1/2 mutations, especially germline BRCA1 variants, were associated with bilateral breast cancer. Although no correlations were found between BRCA1/2 mutations and recurrence-free survival (RFS) or overall survival (OS). In the meta-analysis, patients with BRCA1 promoter methylation showed poor OS. However, there was a favorable impact on disease free survival (DFS) for TNBC patients with BRCA1 promoter methylation when received adjuvant-chemotherapy. In conclusion, BRCA1/2 mutations were associated with bilateral breast cancer and BRCA1 promoter methylation may have a prognostic effect on TNBC.
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41
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Clinical outcomes of female breast cancer according to BRCA mutation status. Cancer Epidemiol 2017; 49:128-137. [PMID: 28601786 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate breast cancer prognosis (disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS)) among carriers of germline BRCA mutations (BRCAm) in Denmark. METHODS We identified all women in Central and Northern Denmark diagnosed with breast cancer during 2004-2011. We retrieved information on germline BRCAm testing from Clinical Genetics departments and clinical/treatment characteristics from population-based medical registries. Follow-up for recurrence, new primary cancer, and mortality extended from 180days after diagnosis until 31/12/2012. We estimated median DFS and OS and five-year cumulative incidence and incidence rates (IR/1000 person-years), and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), for each outcome. RESULTS Among 9874 patients, 523 (5%) underwent BRCA testing-90 were BRCAm carriers, 433 were BRCA wildtype (BRCAwt). Compared with BRCAwt women, BRCAm carriers were younger, had lower stage, and ER- and HER2- tumors. Median time from diagnosis to BRCA testing was 0.91 years and 1.3 years in BRCAm and BRCAwt women; median follow-up to first event was 3.9 and 3.4 years, respectively. Five-year DFS and OS were higher in BRCAm than BRCAwt women: 88% (95%CI=78.3-93.5) vs. 75.3% (95%CI=70.2-79.6) and 97.8% (95%CI=91.4-99.4) vs 92.2% (95%CI=88.5-94.7), respectively. Five-year IRs of recurrence were 36.7/1000 person-years (95%CI=15.8-72.2) in the BRCAm cohort vs. 58.4 (95%CI=42.9-77.6) in the BRCAwt cohort. CONCLUSIONS BRCAm carriers may have a better prognosis than BRCAwt women. However, limited testing conducted mainly during follow-up, yielded low numbers for precise estimations, and may be attributable to selection bias.
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42
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Parkes A, Arun BK, Litton JK. Systemic Treatment Strategies for Patients with Hereditary Breast Cancer Syndromes. Oncologist 2017; 22:655-666. [PMID: 28469042 PMCID: PMC5469585 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2016-0430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary breast cancer syndromes are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer and constitute a unique patient population, making up approximately 5%-10% of breast cancer cases in the United States. By virtue of the germline mutations that define these syndromes, invasive breast cancers in these patients have unique mechanisms that can be rationally targeted for therapeutic opportunities distinct from standard of care treatments in nongermline mutation associated breast cancers. This review intends to describe existing data on several of the most common hereditary breast cancer syndromes, including BRCA-related breast cancer syndrome, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Cowden syndrome, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, and hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome, specifically focusing on rational therapeutics utilized in these distinct patient subgroups and completed or ongoing clinical trials evaluating their efficacy. By exploiting the distinct biologic features associated with these syndromes, tailored treatment strategies have the potential for improved efficacy and lower toxicity. Knowledge of the emergence of these targeted cancer therapies is critical for appropriate management in these patients, extending beyond treatment to highlight the need for appropriate genetic screening to allow for early recognition of these patients and therefore appropriate treatment. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Molecular testing allows for identification of germline mutations that place individuals at high risk for breast cancer and that are associated with distinct histopathology and molecular characteristics that define the invasive breast cancer cases that these patients develop. These unique characteristics may ultimately provide rational targets for systemic treatments with improvements in both morbidity and efficacy. Identification of patients with these germline mutations is important for not only appropriate screening and prophylaxis, but knowledge of therapies specifically targeting several of the most common hereditary breast cancer syndromes is essential to ensure appropriate treatment of invasive breast cancers in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Parkes
- Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston Texas, USA
| | - Banu K Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer K Litton
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston Texas, USA
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BRCA mutation genetic testing implications in the United States. Breast 2016; 31:224-232. [PMID: 27931006 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2016.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCA mutation carriers have a very high risk of breast and ovarian cancer by age 70, in the ranges 47%-66% and 40%-57%, respectively. Additionally, women with BRCA mutation-associated breast cancer also have an elevated risk of other or secondary malignancies. Fortunately, the breast and ovarian cancer outcome for BRCA1/2 mutation carriers is at least as good as for non-carriers with chemoprevention, prophylactic surgeries and appropriate use of therapies. Therefore, identification of those who might have a mutation is important so that genetic counseling, testing, screening and prevention strategies can be applied in a timely manner. This article reviews the impact of genetic testing in general, timing of genetic testing after diagnosis and prior knowledge of mutation status in BRCA carriers with newly diagnosed breast cancer. Additionally, risk-reducing surgeries including the prophylactic contralateral mastectomy, and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and the sensitivity of BRCA-defective breast cancer cell lines to differential chemotherapeutic agents will be discussed.
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Dagan E, Gershoni-Baruch R, Kurolap A, Fried G. Early onset breast cancer in Ashkenazi women carriers of founder BRCA1/2 mutations: beyond 10 years of follow-up. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2016; 26. [PMID: 27726213 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study uncovers disease characteristics by long-term follow-up in Ashkenazi early onset breast cancer (EOBC) patients, carriers of founder BRCA1/2 mutations compared to non-carriers of such mutations. An archives-retrospective design was conducted to study the pathological and clinical characteristics of 149 Ashkenazi Jewish EOBC patients (<42 years) who were referred consecutively to the oncogenetic clinic by the oncology centre at Rambam HealthCare Campus, as from 1995, with a mean follow-up of 13.61 years. Of 149 patients, 33 (22.1%) and 15 (10.1%) carried the founder BRCA1 (185delAG; 5382insC) and BRCA2 (6174delT) mutations, respectively; and 101 (67.8%) were non-carriers of these mutations. Contralateral breast-cancer was predominant among BRCA1/2 carriers compared to non-carriers (14, 58.3%; 6, 60%; 7, 8.1%; respectively, p < .001). Ovarian cancer was diagnosed in two BRCA1 carriers and one non-carrier. Oestrogen and/or progesterone receptor negative tumours were majorly detected in BRCA1 carriers (n = 16, 57.1%) compared to BRCA2 carriers (n = 4, 30.8%) and non-carriers (n = 23, 25.3%) (p = .007). BRCA1 carriers and non-carriers developed contralateral breast cancer at an earlier age than BRCA2 carriers. BRCA2 carriers portrayed similar tumour characteristics to non-carriers. EOBC BRCA1/2 carriers are at risk to develop bilateral disease; however, they are similarly susceptible for local recurrence, distant metastases and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Dagan
- Department of Nursing, The Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - R Gershoni-Baruch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.,The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - A Kurolap
- Institute of Human Genetics, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - G Fried
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Institute of Oncology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
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Rashid MU, Muhammad N, Bajwa S, Faisal S, Tahseen M, Bermejo JL, Amin A, Loya A, Hamann U. High prevalence and predominance of BRCA1 germline mutations in Pakistani triple-negative breast cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:673. [PMID: 27553291 PMCID: PMC4995655 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2698-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women harboring BRCA1/2 germline mutations have high lifetime risk of developing breast/ovarian cancer. The recommendation to pursue BRCA1/2 testing is based on patient's family history of breast/ovarian cancer, age of disease-onset and/or pathologic parameters of breast tumors. Here, we investigated if diagnosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) independently increases risk of carrying a BRCA1/2 mutation in Pakistan. METHODS Five hundred and twenty-three breast cancer patients including 237 diagnosed ≤ 30 years of age and 286 with a family history of breast/ovarian cancer were screened for BRCA1/2 small-range mutations and large genomic rearrangements. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed at one center. Univariate and multiple logistic regression models were used to investigate possible differences in prevalence of BRCA1/2 mutations according to patient and tumor characteristics. RESULTS Thirty-seven percent of patients presented with TNBC. The prevalence of BRCA1 mutations was higher in patients with TNBC than non-TNBC (37 % vs. 10 %, P < 0.0001). 1 % of TNBC patients were observed to have BRCA2 mutations. Subgroup analyses revealed a larger proportion of BRCA1 mutations in TNBC than non-TNBC among patients 1) diagnosed at early-age with no family history of breast/ovarian cancer (14 % vs. 5 %, P = 0.03), 2) diagnosed at early-age irrespective of family history (28 % vs. 11 %, P = 0.0003), 3) had a family history of breast cancer (49 % vs. 12 %, P < 0.0001), and 4) those with family history of breast and ovarian cancer (81 % vs. 28 %, P = 0.0005). TNBC patients harboring BRCA1 mutations were diagnosed at a later age than non-carriers (median age at diagnosis: 30 years (range 22-53) vs. 28 years (range 18-67), P = 0.002). The association between TNBC status and presence of BRCA1 mutations was independent of the simultaneous consideration of family phenotype, tumor histology and grade in a multiple logistic regression model (Ratio of the probability of carrying BRCA1/2 mutations for TNBC vs. non-TNBC 4.23; 95 % CI 2.50-7.14; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Genetic BRCA1 testing should be considered for Pakistani women diagnosed with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman Rashid
- Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH & RC), Lahore, Pakistan.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Noor Muhammad
- Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH & RC), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Seerat Bajwa
- Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH & RC), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saima Faisal
- Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH & RC), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tahseen
- Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH & RC), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Justo Lorenzo Bermejo
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Asim Amin
- Levine Cancer Institute (LCI), Charlotte, USA
| | - Asif Loya
- Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH & RC), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ute Hamann
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Elsakov P, Ostapenko V, Luksyte A, Smailyte G. Management and 5-year survival of BRCA1-associated breast cancer patients. BREAST CANCER MANAGEMENT 2016. [DOI: 10.2217/bmt-2016-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to estimate survival of breast cancer patients associated with BRCA1 mutation in Lithuanian population. Materials & methods: We studied the 5-year survival rates of familial breast cancer patients from unrelated families who had an aggregation of at least two or three breast cancers only; and a group comprising of consecutive, newly diagnosed patients unselected for age, sex or family history. The treatment of patients was similar, as per National protocols, for the treatment of breast cancer cases independent of mutation status. Results: The 5-year survival of familial and non-familial breast cancer patients BRCA1 founder mutation carriers is statistically similar to patients the mutation non-carriers: 90.00 and 89.19%; 76.92 and 86.19% respectively (p = 0.7730). Conclusion: The 5-year survival rates for breast cancer patients are not dependent on their BRCA1 mutation carrier status when identical management and treatment is received.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Elsakov
- Diagnostic Center, Therapy Consultation Department, Public Institution Central Outpatient Clinic, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Valerij Ostapenko
- Breast Surgery & Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Audrone Luksyte
- Consulting Polyclinic, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Giedre Smailyte
- Cancer Epidemiology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Gui Y, Xu S, Yang X, Gu L, Zhang Z, Luo X, Chen L. A meta-analysis of biomarkers for the prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer patients. Biomark Med 2016; 10:771-90. [PMID: 27339713 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2015-0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of biomarkers that has the ability to predict triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) prognosis especially in patients undergoing chemotherapy is very important. Methods: The cohort studies that reported association between chemotherapy biomarker expression and survival outcome in TNBC patients were included in our analysis. Results: The promising markers that emerged for the prediction of disease-free survival and overall survival included Ki67, BRCA1 methylation and LC3B. Furthermore, Ki67 appeared to be also significantly associated with worse disease-free survival in TNBC patients who received anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrated that in TNBC patients receiving chemotherapy, Ki67 is a predictor for poor prognosis, BRCA1 methylation and LC3B are also potential prognostic markers. In addition, the TNBC patients with high Ki67 expression seems to display resistance to anthracycline-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gui
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shuman Xu
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lu Gu
- Burn Research Institute, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- National Key Laboratory of Trauma & Burns, Chongqing Key Lab. of Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Burn Research Institute, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- National Key Laboratory of Trauma & Burns, Chongqing Key Lab. of Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangdong Luo
- Burn Research Institute, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- National Key Laboratory of Trauma & Burns, Chongqing Key Lab. of Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- National Key Laboratory of Trauma & Burns, Chongqing Key Lab. of Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, China
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Templeton AJ, Gonzalez LD, Vera-Badillo FE, Tibau A, Goldstein R, Šeruga B, Srikanthan A, Pandiella A, Amir E, Ocana A. Interaction between Hormonal Receptor Status, Age and Survival in Patients with BRCA1/2 Germline Mutations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154789. [PMID: 27149669 PMCID: PMC4858163 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are the most frequent known hereditary causes of familial breast cancer. Little is known about the interaction of age at diagnosis, estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) expression and outcomes in patients with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. Methods A PubMed search identified publications exploring the association between BRCA mutations and clinical outcome. Hazard ratios (HR) for overall survival were extracted from multivariable analyses. Hazard ratios were weighted and pooled using generic inverse-variance and random-effect modeling. Meta-regression weighted by total study sample size was conducted to explore the influence of age, ER and PgR expression on the association between BRCA mutations and overall survival. Results A total of 16 studies comprising 10,180 patients were included in the analyses. BRCA mutations were not associated with worse overall survival (HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.84–1.34, p = 0.61). A similar finding was observed when evaluating the influence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations on overall survival independently (BRCA1: HR 1.20, 95% CI 0.89–1.61, p = 0.24; BRCA2: HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.80–1.27, p = 0.95). Meta-regression identified an inverse association between ER expression and overall survival (β = -0.75, p = 0.02) in BRCA1 mutation carriers but no association with age or PgR expression (β = -0.45, p = 0.23 and β = 0.02, p = 0.97, respectively). No association was found for BRCA2 mutation status and age, ER, or PgR expression. Conclusion ER-expression appears to be an effect modifier in patients with BRCA1 mutations, but not among those with BRCA2 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnoud J. Templeton
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, and Faculty of Medicine, University Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | - Ariadna Tibau
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robyn Goldstein
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Boštjan Šeruga
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Amirrtha Srikanthan
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Atanasio Pandiella
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer CIC-CSIC, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Eitan Amir
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alberto Ocana
- Translational Research Unit, Albacete University Hospital, Albacete, Spain
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Jouhadi H, Tazzite A, Azeddoug H, Naim A, Nadifi S, Benider A. Clinical and pathological features of BRCA1/2 tumors in a sample of high-risk Moroccan breast cancer patients. BMC Res Notes 2016; 9:248. [PMID: 27129401 PMCID: PMC4850715 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-016-2057-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes explain a large part of hereditary breast cancer. Several studies have shown that BRCA1 and BRCA2 tumors exhibit some specific morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics. The aim of our study is to compare the clinicopathological characteristics between Moroccan breast cancers associated or not with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. Previously, we had identified 11 BRCA carriers in a series of 40 selected breast cancer patients at increased risk for carrying a mutation in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. The clinical and pathological features of patients carrying BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation (n = 11) were evaluated and compared to those of non-mutated patients (n = 29). RESULTS In comparison with non carriers, women with BRCA1/2 mutation present younger mean age at diagnosis (37.90 vs. 44.48 years, p = 0.05), younger mean age of 1st menarche (13.08 vs. 14.24 years, p = 0.05) and shorter duration of breastfeeding (8.71 vs. 19.35 months, p = 0.05). Moreover, 63.6 and 62.5% of BRCA1/2 carriers present SBR grade III and triple negative tumors respectively (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS In this first Moroccan study comparing clinical and pathological characteristics of women carrying or not BRCA1/2 mutation, patients with BRCA mutation tend to develop early breast cancer with high-grade and triple negative tumors. However, further large scale research including more data is needed to better characterize BRCA1/2 cases and to evaluate the survival rate associated with these mutations in our population tumors. Moreover, it would be more interesting to study women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations separately in order to determine if they exhibit distinct characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Jouhadi
- />Mohammed VI Cancer Treatment Center, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Amal Tazzite
- />Genetics and Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Medical School of Casablanca, Hassan II University, 19 Rue Tarik Ibnou Ziad, B.P. 9154, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Houssine Azeddoug
- />Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Asmâa Naim
- />Mohammed VI Cancer Treatment Center, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Sellama Nadifi
- />Genetics and Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Medical School of Casablanca, Hassan II University, 19 Rue Tarik Ibnou Ziad, B.P. 9154, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abdellatif Benider
- />Mohammed VI Cancer Treatment Center, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
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Neo-adjuvant doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by paclitaxel in triple-negative breast cancer among BRCA1 mutation carriers and non-carriers. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2016; 157:157-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-016-3800-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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