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The molecular heterogeneity of the precancerous breast affects drug efficacy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12590. [PMID: 35869155 PMCID: PMC9307756 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16779-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the therapeutic domain, targeted therapies have been shown to be generally more effective when given to patients with tumors that harbor the targeted aberration. This principle has not been tested in cancer prevention despite evidence that molecular heterogeneity accompanies the multi-step progression to invasive disease. We hypothesized that efficacy of agents targeting the precancerous state varies based on timing of the treatment relative to the underlying molecular changes. MCF10A cell line-based model of the multi-step progression to TNBC was used. Global proteomic patterns were obtained and growth-inhibitory effects of selected agents were correlated with the underlying molecular stage of progression. These analyses revealed that most protein alterations were acquired in the normal-to-atypia (preneoplasia) transition, with only handful aberrations acquired hereafter. The efficacy of small molecule inhibitors of the AKT/MEK pathway was associated with the underlying pathway levels. Similarly, fluvastatin was more effective in inhibiting cell proliferation earlier in the progression model. However, the nonspecific inhibitors, aspirin and metformin, were equally ineffective in inhibiting proliferation across the progression model. Our data provides proof-of-principle that in the prevention domain, treatment with agents developed to target specific pathways, will need to consider the molecular heterogeneity of the precancerous breast in order to achieve maximum efficacy.
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2
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Sapino A, Marchiò C, Kulka J. "Borderline" epithelial lesions of the breast: what have we learned in the past three decades? Pathologica 2021; 113:354-359. [PMID: 34837093 PMCID: PMC8720406 DOI: 10.32074/1591-951x-374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH) and flat epithelial atypia (FEA) are common lesions mainly detected during mammographic screening. They are considered lesions at risk for the development of breast cancer, and they have been documented as non-obligate precursors of low grade in situ carcinomas. In a monumental work in 1991 Rosai gathered them as “borderline epithelial lesions”, and he described and demonstrated the subjectivity in their microscopic interpretation. Such subjectivity persists nowadays and limits considerably the diagnostic consistency. With his incredible ability to see, analyze and rationalize, Rosai introduced the concept of “mammary intraepithelial neoplasia (MIN) of either ductal or lobular type, followed by a grading system” which would have better represented the biological continuum between these lesions and benign and malignant lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sapino
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS Candiolo, (TO), Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino Italy
| | - Caterina Marchiò
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS Candiolo, (TO), Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino Italy
| | - Janina Kulka
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest
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3
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Winham SJ, Wang C, Heinzen EP, Bhagwate A, Liu Y, McDonough SJ, Stallings-Mann ML, Frost MH, Vierkant RA, Denison LA, Carter JM, Sherman ME, Radisky DC, Degnim AC, Cunningham JM. Somatic mutations in benign breast disease tissues and association with breast cancer risk. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:185. [PMID: 34261476 PMCID: PMC8278587 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-01032-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Benign breast disease (BBD) is a risk factor for breast cancer (BC); however, little is known about the genetic alterations present at the time of BBD diagnosis and how these relate to risk of incident BC. Methods A subset of a long-term BBD cohort was selected to examine DNA variation across three BBD groups (42 future estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) BC, 36 future estrogen receptor-negative (ER−) BC, and 42 controls cancer-free for at least 16 years post-BBD). DNA extracted from archival formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks was analyzed for presence of DNA alterations using a targeted panel of 93 BC-associated genes. To address artifacts frequently observed in FFPE tissues (e.g., C>T changes), we applied three filtering strategies based on alternative allele frequencies and nucleotide substitution context. Gene-level associations were performed using two types of burden tests and adjusted for clinical and technical covariates. Results After filtering, the variant frequency of SNPs in our sample was highly consistent with population allele frequencies reported in 1 KG/ExAC (0.986, p < 1e−16). The top ten genes found to be nominally associated with later cancer status by four of 12 association methods(p < 0.05) were MED12, MSH2, BRIP1, PMS1, GATA3, MUC16, FAM175A, EXT2, MLH1 and TGFB1, although these were not statistically significant in permutation testing. However, all 10 gene-level associations had OR < 1 with lower mutation burden in controls compared to cases, which was marginally statistically significant in permutation testing (p = 0.04). Comparing between the three case groups, BBD ER+ cases were closer to controls in mutation profile, while BBD ER− cases were distinct. Notably, the variant burden was significantly higher in controls than in either ER+ or ER− cases. CD45 expression was associated with mutational burden (p < 0.001). Conclusions Somatic mutations were more frequent in benign breast tissue from women who did not develop cancer, opening questions of clonal diversity or immune-mediated restraint on future cancer development. CD45 expression was positively associated with mutational burden, most strongly in controls. Further studies in both normal and premalignant tissues are needed to better understand the role of somatic gene mutations and their contribution to future cancer development. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12920-021-01032-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey J Winham
- Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Chen Wang
- Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Ethan P Heinzen
- Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Aditya Bhagwate
- Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Yuanhang Liu
- Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Samantha J McDonough
- Medical Genome Facility, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | | | - Marlene H Frost
- Women's Cancer Program, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Robert A Vierkant
- Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Lori A Denison
- Information Technology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Jodi M Carter
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Mark E Sherman
- Epidemiology and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road South, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Derek C Radisky
- Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road South, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Amy C Degnim
- Breast, Endocrine, Metabolic and GI Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Julie M Cunningham
- Experimental Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
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4
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Genomic instability signals offer diagnostic possibility in early cancer detection. Trends Genet 2021; 37:966-972. [PMID: 34218956 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence from the large numbers of cancer genomes analyzed in recent years indicates that chromosomal instability (CI), a well-established hallmark of cancer cells, is detectable in precancerous lesions. In this opinion, we discuss the association of this instability with tumor progression and cancer risk. We highlight the opportunity that early genomic instability presents for the diagnosis of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and its precancerous lesion, Barrett's esophagus (BE). With a growing body of evidence suggesting that only a small pool of cancer-related genes are involved in early tumor development, we argue that general genomic instability may hold greater diagnostic potential for early cancer detection as opposed to the identification of individual mutational biomarkers.
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5
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Zheng C, Jia HY, Liu LY, Wang Q, Jiang HC, Teng LS, Geng CZ, Jin F, Tang LL, Zhang JG, Wang X, Wang S, Alejandro FE, Wang F, Yu LX, Zhou F, Xiang YJ, Huang SY, Fu QY, Zhang Q, Gao DZ, Ma ZB, Li L, Fan ZM, Yu ZG. Molecular fingerprint of precancerous lesions in breast atypical hyperplasia. J Int Med Res 2021; 48:300060520931616. [PMID: 32589079 PMCID: PMC7325464 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520931616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify atypical hyperplasia (AH) of the breast by shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS), and to explore the molecular fingerprinting characteristics of breast AH. METHODS Breast hyperplasia was studied in 11 hospitals across China from January 2015 to December 2016. All patients completed questionnaires on women's health. The differences between patients with and without breast AH were compared. AH breast lesions were detected by Raman spectroscopy followed by the SHINERS technique. RESULTS There were no significant differences in clinical features and risk-related factors between patients with breast AH (n = 37) and the control group (n = 2576). Fifteen cases of breast AH lesions were detected by Raman spectroscopy. The main different Raman peaks in patients with AH appeared at 880, 1001, 1086, 1156, 1260, and 1610 cm-1, attributed to the different vibrational modes of nucleic acids, β-carotene, and proteins. Shell-isolated nanoparticles had different enhancement effects on the nucleic acid, protein, and lipid components in AH. CONCLUSION Raman spectroscopy can detect characteristic molecular changes in breast AH lesions, and may thus be useful for the non-invasive early diagnosis and for investigating the mechanism of tumorigenesis in patients with breast AH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hong Ying Jia
- Center of Evidence-based Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li Yuan Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Breast Disease Center, Guangdong Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Chuan Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Song Teng
- Department of Oncology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cui Zhi Geng
- Breast Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Li Li Tang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Guo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Breast Disease Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - Fei Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li Xiang Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Juan Xiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shu Ya Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qin Ye Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - De Zong Gao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhong Bing Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhi Min Fan
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhi Gang Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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6
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Guan HL, Wang Y, Gui YF, Zhang CL. Effect of Chinese herbal medicine compound on breast hyperplasia: A protocol of systematic review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23463. [PMID: 33285747 PMCID: PMC7717825 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data supporting the use of Chinese herbal medicine compound (CHMC) on breast hyperplasia (BH) based on the data from previous studies. However, the results are still contradictory. Thus, this study aims to compare the results obtained for effect on case-controlled study (CCS) of CHMC on BH. METHODS This study will include CCS assessing the effect of CHMC on BH. A literature search will be carried out in Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from inception to the present. We will not apply language limitation to any electronic database. Study quality will be evaluated using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and statistical analysis will be performed using RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS This study will summarize the up-to-date evidence to assess the effect of CHMC on BH. CONCLUSION The results of this study may exert helpful evidence to determine whether CHMC is effective on BH. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER:: osf.io/3k8ch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-lin Guan
- Department of Scientific Research, Mudanjiang Medical University
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Reproduction, Mudangjiang Women and Children Hospital
| | - Yi-fang Gui
- Department of Laboratory, The Affiliated Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Chun-lei Zhang
- Department of Scientific Research, Mudanjiang Medical University
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7
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Li X, Ma Z, Styblo TM, Arciero CA, Wang H, Cohen MA. Management of high-risk breast lesions diagnosed on core biopsies and experiences from prospective high-risk breast lesion conferences at an academic institution. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 185:573-581. [PMID: 33068196 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05977-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The management of high-risk breast lesions diagnosed on image-guided core biopsy remains controversial. We implemented a high-risk breast conference attended by breast pathologists, imagers, and surgeons to prospectively review all contemporary cases in order to provide a consensus recommendation to either surgically excise or follow on imaging at 6-month intervals for a minimum of 2 years. METHODS Between May, 2015 and June, 2019, 127 high-risk lesions were discussed. Of these 127 cases, 116 had concordant radiology-pathology (rad-path) findings. The remaining 11 patients had discordant rad-path findings. Of the 116 concordant cases, 6 were excluded due to lack of the first imaging follow-up until analysis. Of the remaining 110 patients, 43 had atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), 12 had lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), 19 had atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH), 33 had radial scar (RS), 2 had flat epithelial atypia (FEA), and 1 had mucocele-like lesion (ML). We recommended excision for ADH if there were > 2 ADH foci or < 90% of the associated calcifications were removed. For patients with LCIS or ALH, we recommended excision if the LCIS or ALH was associated with microcalcifications or the LCIS was extensive. We recommended excision of RS when < 1/2 of the lesion was biopsied. We recommended all patients with FEA and ML for 6-month follow-up. RESULTS Following conference-derived consensus for excision, of the 27 ADH excised, 9 were upgraded to invasive carcinoma or ductal carcinoma in situ. Of the six LCIS cases recommended for excision, none were upgraded. Nine excised radial scars revealed no upgrades. Additionally, 3 patients with ADH, 2 with ALH, 1 with LCIS, and 2 with RS underwent voluntary excision, and none were upgraded. All other patients (13 with ADH, 5 LCIS, 17 ALH, 22 RS, 2 FEA and 1 ML) were followed with imaging, and none revealed evidence of disease progression during follow-up (187-1389 days). All 11 rad-path discordant cases were excised with 2 upgraded to carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS The results of this prospective study indicate that high-risk breast lesions can be successfully triaged to surgery versus observation following establishment of predefined firm guidelines and performance of rigorous rad-path correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxian Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Zhongliang Ma
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | | | | | - Haibo Wang
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Michael A Cohen
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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8
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Ogony JW, Radisky DC, Ruddy KJ, Goodison S, Wickland DP, Egan KM, Knutson KL, Asmann YW, Sherman ME. Immune Responses and Risk of Triple-negative Breast Cancer: Implications for Higher Rates among African American Women. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2020; 13:901-910. [PMID: 32753376 PMCID: PMC9576802 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-19-0562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The etiology of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) is poorly understood. As many TNBCs develop prior to the initiation of breast cancer screening or at younger ages when the sensitivity of mammography is comparatively low, understanding the etiology of TNBCs is critical for discovering novel prevention approaches for these tumors. Furthermore, the higher incidence rate of estrogen receptor-negative breast cancers, and specifically, of TNBCs, among young African American women (AAW) versus white women is a source of racial disparities in breast cancer mortality. Whereas immune responses to TNBCs have received considerable attention in relation to prognosis and treatment, the concept that dysregulated immune responses may predispose to the development of TNBCs has received limited attention. We present evidence that dysregulated immune responses are critical in the pathogenesis of TNBCs, based on the molecular biology of the cancers and the mechanisms proposed to mediate TNBC risk factors. Furthermore, proposed risk factors for TNBC, especially childbearing without breastfeeding, high parity, and obesity, are more prevalent among AAW than white women. Limited data suggest genetic differences in immune responses by race, which favor a stronger Thr type 2 (Th2) immune response among AAW than white women. Th2 responses contribute to wound-healing processes, which are implicated in the pathogenesis of TNBCs. Accordingly, we review data on the link between immune responses and TNBC risk and consider whether the prevalence of risk factors that result in dysregulated immunity is higher among AAW than white women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua W Ogony
- Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida.,Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Derek C Radisky
- Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Kathryn J Ruddy
- Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Steven Goodison
- Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Daniel P Wickland
- Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Kathleen M Egan
- Department of Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Keith L Knutson
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Yan W Asmann
- Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Mark E Sherman
- Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida. .,Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
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9
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Alipour S, Omranipour R, Amant F, Eslami B. Atypical Lesions of the Breast and Lobular Carcinoma in Situ in Pregnancy - Surgeons' Practice. Eur J Breast Health 2020; 16:16-21. [PMID: 31912009 DOI: 10.5152/ejbh.2019.5158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective Approach to precancerous and high-risk breast lesions occurring in pregnancy has received little attention in the literature. We carried out a study to investigate the practice of surgeons in the management of these cases. Materials and Methods A short survey was sent to surgeons, including a multiple-choice questionnaire about their practice for atypical hyperplasia or lobular carcinoma in situ presenting in each trimester of pregnancy or at time of breastfeeding. Answer options included observation, immediate vacuum biopsy, immediate surgery, surgery in next trimester, surgery after delivery, and surgery after end of breastfeeding; based on the time of presentation. Results Out of the 671 practitioners invited, 97(14.5 %) responded to the survey. Participants were from 23 countries. Answers showed that management of gestational Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia (ADH) and Lobular Neoplasia (LN) was readily postponed by surgeons in favor of fetus safety while being cautious about risks of conservative management alone. Conclusion Various methods of treatment are selected by surgeons for managing high-risk breast lesions during pregnancy. In the absence of relevant literature, decision making in a multidisciplinary team would be the best approach in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Alipour
- Breast Disease Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Surgery, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramesh Omranipour
- Breast Disease Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Frederic Amant
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam, Netherlands Cancer Institute and Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bita Eslami
- Breast Disease Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Boateng S, Tirada N, Khorjekar G, Richards S, Ioffe O. Excision or Observation: The Dilemma of Managing High-Risk Breast Lesions. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 2018; 49:124-132. [PMID: 30616911 DOI: 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There is an enduring dilemma on the appropriate management of high-risk breast lesions; is surgical excision always warranted or can conservative management be utilized? We present cases of high-risk breast lesions diagnosed at core needle biopsy at our institution along with relevant factors to consider for appropriate management. We conclude that a nuanced approach is warranted over the broad stroke approach of surgical excision of all high-risk breast lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Boateng
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nikki Tirada
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Gauri Khorjekar
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Stephanie Richards
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Olga Ioffe
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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11
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Kader T, Hill P, Rakha EA, Campbell IG, Gorringe KL. Atypical ductal hyperplasia: update on diagnosis, management, and molecular landscape. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:39. [PMID: 29720211 PMCID: PMC5932853 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-0967-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) is a common diagnosis in the mammographic era and a significant clinical problem with wide variation in diagnosis and treatment. After a diagnosis of ADH on biopsy a proportion are upgraded to carcinoma upon excision; however, the remainder of patients are overtreated. While ADH is considered a non-obligate precursor of invasive carcinoma, the molecular taxonomy remains unknown. MAIN TEXT Although a few studies have revealed some of the key genomic characteristics of ADH, a clear understanding of the molecular changes associated with breast cancer progression has been limited by inadequately powered studies and low resolution methodology. Complicating factors such as family history, and whether the ADH present in a biopsy is an isolated lesion or part of a greater neoplastic process beyond the limited biopsy material, make accurate interpretation of genomic features and their impact on progression to malignancy a challenging task. This article will review the definitions and variable management of the patients diagnosed with ADH as well as the current knowledge of the molecular landscape of ADH and its clonal relationship with ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS Molecular data of ADH remain sparse. Large prospective cohorts of pure ADH with clinical follow-up need to be evaluated at DNA, RNA, and protein levels in order to develop biomarkers of progression to carcinoma to guide management decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanjina Kader
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Cancer Genomics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Prue Hill
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Emad A Rakha
- Department of Histopathology, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ian G Campbell
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kylie L Gorringe
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,Cancer Genomics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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