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Romaniuk-Drapała A, Totoń E, Taube M, Idzik M, Rubiś B, Lisiak N. Breast Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Heterogeneity: Characteristics and Therapeutic Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2481. [PMID: 39001543 PMCID: PMC11240630 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most frequently detected malignancies worldwide. It is responsible for more than 15% of all death cases caused by cancer in women. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease representing various histological types, molecular characteristics, and clinical profiles. However, all breast cancers are organized in a hierarchy of heterogeneous cell populations, with a small proportion of cancer stem cells (breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs)) playing a putative role in cancer progression, and they are responsible for therapeutic failure. In different molecular subtypes of breast cancer, they present different characteristics, with specific marker profiles, prognoses, and treatments. Recent efforts have focused on tackling the Wnt, Notch, Hedgehog, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and HER2 signaling pathways. Developing diagnostics and therapeutic strategies enables more efficient elimination of the tumor mass together with the stem cell population. Thus, the knowledge about appropriate therapeutic methods targeting both "normal" breast cancer cells and breast cancer stem cell subpopulations is crucial for success in cancer elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Romaniuk-Drapała
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Collegium Pharmaceuticum, Rokietnicka Str. 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Totoń
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Collegium Pharmaceuticum, Rokietnicka Str. 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Taube
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Collegium Pharmaceuticum, Rokietnicka Str. 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Idzik
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Collegium Pharmaceuticum, Rokietnicka Str. 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Błażej Rubiś
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Collegium Pharmaceuticum, Rokietnicka Str. 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Natalia Lisiak
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Collegium Pharmaceuticum, Rokietnicka Str. 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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Shatsky RA, Batra-Sharma H, Helsten T, Schwab RB, Pittman EI, Pu M, Weihe E, Ghia EM, Rassenti LZ, Molinolo A, Cabrera B, Breitmeyer JB, Widhopf GF, Messer K, Jamieson C, Kipps TJ, Parker BA. A phase 1b study of zilovertamab in combination with paclitaxel for locally advanced/unresectable or metastatic Her2-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2024; 26:32. [PMID: 38408999 PMCID: PMC10895766 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-024-01782-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zilovertamab is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting ROR1, an onco-embryonic antigen expressed by malignant cells of a variety of solid tumors, including breast cancer. A prior phase 1 study showed that zilovertamab was well tolerated and effective in inhibiting ROR1-signaling, which leads to activation of ERK1/2, NF-κB, and NRF2 target genes. This phase 1b study evaluated the safety and tolerability of zilovertamab with paclitaxel in patients with advanced breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligible patients had locally advanced, unresectable, or metastatic HER2- breast cancer with Eastern Cooperative Group performance status of 0-2 and without prior taxane therapy in the advanced setting. Study treatment included 600 mg of zilovertamab administered intravenously (IV) on Days 1 and 15 of Cycle 1 and then Day 1 of each 28-day cycle along with paclitaxel weekly at 80 mg/m2 IV. RESULTS Study patients had received a median of 4 prior therapies (endocrine therapy + chemotherapy) for locally advanced, unresectable, or metastatic disease. No patient discontinued therapy due to toxicity ascribed to zilovertamab. Adverse events were consistent with the known safety profile of paclitaxel. Of 16 patients, 6 (38%) had a partial response, and 6/16 (38%) patients had stable disease as best tumor response. CONCLUSION The combination of zilovertamab and paclitaxel was safe and well tolerated in heavily pre-treated advanced breast cancer patients. Further evaluation of ROR1 targeting in breast cancer patients with zilovertamab is warranted. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02776917. Registered on ClinicalTrials.gov on 05/17/2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Shatsky
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive Mail Code 0987, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Hemali Batra-Sharma
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive Mail Code 0987, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Teresa Helsten
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive Mail Code 0987, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Richard B Schwab
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive Mail Code 0987, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Emily I Pittman
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive Mail Code 0987, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Minya Pu
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive Mail Code 0987, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Elizabeth Weihe
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Emanuela M Ghia
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive Mail Code 0987, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Center for Novel Therapeutics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Laura Z Rassenti
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive Mail Code 0987, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Center for Novel Therapeutics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Alfredo Molinolo
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive Mail Code 0987, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Betty Cabrera
- University of California San Diego California Institute for Regenerative Medicine Alpha Clinic, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - George F Widhopf
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Novel Therapeutics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Karen Messer
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive Mail Code 0987, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Catriona Jamieson
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive Mail Code 0987, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- University of California San Diego California Institute for Regenerative Medicine Alpha Clinic, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Sanford Stem Cell Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Thomas J Kipps
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive Mail Code 0987, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Center for Novel Therapeutics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Barbara A Parker
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive Mail Code 0987, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.
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Zuo WJ, Chen L, Shen Y, Wang ZH, Liu GY, Yu KD, Di GH, Wu J, Li JJ, Shao ZM. Rational and trial design of FASCINATE-N: a prospective, randomized, precision-based umbrella trial. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2024; 16:17588359231225032. [PMID: 38362377 PMCID: PMC10868472 DOI: 10.1177/17588359231225032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background With our growing insight into the molecular heterogeneity and biological characteristics of breast cancer, individualized treatment is the future of cancer treatment. In this prospective Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center Breast Cancer Precision Platform Series study - neoadjuvant therapy (FASCINATE-N) trial, we classify breast cancer patients using multiomic characteristics into different subtypes to evaluate the efficacy of precision-based targeted therapies compared to standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods and design The FASCINATE-N trial is a prospective, randomized, precision-based umbrella trial that plans to enroll 716 women with early breast cancer. After enrollment, patients will first be divided into three groups: hormone receptor (HR)+/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-, HER2+, and HR-/HER2-. The HR+/HER2- patients are further stratified using fusion and clustering of similarity network fusion (SNF) algorithm into four subtypes; HER2+ patients are divided into HR+/HER2+ and HR-/HER2+ subtypes; and HR-/HER2- patients are stratified using the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center classification. For the assignment of drugs to patients, Bayesian methods of adaptive randomization will be used. The primary endpoint is pathological complete response rate; secondary endpoints include 3-year invasive disease-free survival, overall response rate, and toxicities according to common terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE) scale version 4.0 and the ratio of patients with complete cell cycle arrest (Ki67 < 2.7%) in HR+/HER2+ breast cancer. Discussion The goal of our trial is to test the efficacy of our subtyping-based treatment in a neoadjuvant setting and to conduct a pilot study into the efficacy of targeted therapies within each precision-based subtype. The precision-based treatment arm can be updated with the refinement of our subtyping method, the discovery of new targets, and the development of novel targeted drugs. Our trial offers a unique opportunity to provide patients with individualized neoadjuvant therapy and test promising novel treatments that may further benefit patients. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05582499 (https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05582499).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jia Zuo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Shen
- Department of Clinical Research & Development, Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang-Yu Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke-Da Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gen-Hong Di
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiong Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Jie Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong-A Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong-A Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Maleki F, Razmi H, Rashidi MR, Yousefi M, Ramazani S, Ghorbani M, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Shahpasand K. Detection of receptor tyrosine kinase-orphan receptor-2 using an electrochemical immunosensor modified with electrospun nanofibers comprising polyvinylpyrrolidone, soy, and gold nanoparticles. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:418. [PMID: 37770707 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
An electrochemical immunosensing platform was developed for the detection of receptor tyrosine kinase-orphan receptor-2 (ROR2) at a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with the electrospun nanofiber containing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), soy, and Au nanoparticles (AuNPs). The PVP/soy/AuNP nanofiber exhibited good electrochemical behavior due to synergistic effects between PVP, soy, and AuNPs. The PVP/soy in the modified film provided good mechanical strength, high porosity, flexible structures, and high specific surface area. On the other hand, the presence of AuNPs effectively improved conductivity, as well as the immobilization of anti-ROR2 on the modified GCE, leading to enhanced sensitivity. Various characterization approaches such as FE-SEM, FTIR, and EDS were used for investigating the morphological and structural features, and the elemental composition. The designed immunosensor performance was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Under optimum conditions with a working potential range from -0.2 to 0.6 V (vs. SCE), sensitivity, linear range (LR), limit of detection (LOD), and correlation coefficient (R2) were acquired at 122.26 μA/cm2 dec, 0.01-1000 pg/mL, 3.39 fg/mL, and 0.9974, respectively. Furthermore, the determination of ROR2 in human plasma samples using the designed immunosensing platform was examined and exhibited satisfactory results including good selectivity against other proteins, reproducibility, and cyclic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Maleki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, 53714-161, Iran
| | - Habib Razmi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, 53714-161, Iran.
| | | | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soghra Ramazani
- Faculty of Textile Engineering, Urmia University of Technology, Urmia, 5716693188, Iran
| | - Marjan Ghorbani
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institute, 17164, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kourosh Shahpasand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology (RI-SCBT), Tehran, Iran
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Yang T, Li W, Huang T, Zhou J. Antibody-Drug Conjugates for Breast Cancer Treatment: Emerging Agents, Targets and Future Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11903. [PMID: 37569276 PMCID: PMC10418918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
To achieve the scheme of "magic bullets" in antitumor therapy, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) were developed. ADCs consist of antibodies targeting tumor-specific antigens, chemical linkers, and cytotoxic payloads that powerfully kill cancer cells. With the approval of ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) and fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), the therapeutic potentials of ADCs in breast cancer have come into the spotlight. Nearly 30 ADCs for breast cancer are under exploration to move targeted therapy forward. In this review, we summarize the presenting and emerging agents and targets of ADCs. The ADC structure and development history are also concluded. Moreover, the challenges faced and prospected future directions in this field are reviewed, which give insights into novel treatments with ADCs for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tao Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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