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Salarikia SR, Kashkooli M, Taghipour MJ, Malekpour M, Negahdaripour M. Identification of hub pathways and drug candidates in gastric cancer through systems biology. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9099. [PMID: 35650297 PMCID: PMC9160265 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13052-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fourth cause of cancer death globally, and gastric adenocarcinoma is its most common type. Efforts for the treatment of gastric cancer have increased its median survival rate by only seven months. Due to the relatively low response of gastric cancer to surgery and adjuvant therapy, as well as the complex role of risk factors in its incidences, such as protein-pomp inhibitors (PPIs) and viral and bacterial infections, we aimed to study the pathological pathways involved in gastric cancer development and investigate possible medications by systems biology and bioinformatics tools. In this study, the protein-protein interaction network was analyzed based on microarray data, and possible effective compounds were discovered. Non-coding RNA versus coding RNA interaction network and gene-disease network were also reconstructed to better understand the underlying mechanisms. It was found that compounds such as amiloride, imatinib, omeprazole, troglitazone, pantoprazole, and fostamatinib might be effective in gastric cancer treatment. In a gene-disease network, it was indicated that diseases such as liver carcinoma, breast carcinoma, liver fibrosis, prostate cancer, ovarian carcinoma, and lung cancer were correlated with gastric adenocarcinoma through specific genes, including hgf, mt2a, mmp2, fbn1, col1a1, and col1a2. It was shown that signaling pathways such as cell cycle, cell division, and extracellular matrix organization were overexpressed, while digestion and ion transport pathways were underexpressed. Based on a multilevel systems biology analysis, hub genes in gastric adenocarcinoma showed participation in the pathways such as focal adhesion, platelet activation, gastric acid secretion, HPV infection, and cell cycle. PPIs are hypothesized to have a therapeutic effect on patients with gastric cancer. Fostamatinib seems a potential therapeutic drug in gastric cancer due to its inhibitory effect on two survival genes. However, these findings should be confirmed through experimental investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Kashkooli
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Taghipour
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Malekpour
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Manica Negahdaripour
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran.
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Kalliala I, Athanasiou A, Veroniki AA, Salanti G, Efthimiou O, Raftis N, Bowden S, Paraskevaidi M, Aro K, Arbyn M, Bennett P, Nieminen P, Paraskevaidis E, Kyrgiou M. Incidence and mortality from cervical cancer and other malignancies after treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:213-227. [PMID: 31959338 PMCID: PMC7479506 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although local treatments for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) are highly effective, it has been reported that treated women remain at increased risk of cervical and other cancers. Our aim is to explore the risk of developing or dying from cervical cancer and other human papillomavirus (HPV)- and non-HPV-related malignancies after CIN treatment and infer its magnitude compared with the general population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Eligibility criteria: Studies with registry-based follow-up reporting cancer incidence or mortality after CIN treatment. DATA SYNTHESIS Summary effects were estimated using random-effects models. OUTCOMES Incidence rate of cervical cancer among women treated for CIN (per 100 000 woman-years). Relative risk (RR) of cervical cancer, other HPV-related anogenital tract cancer (vagina, vulva, anus), any cancer, and mortality, for women treated for CIN versus the general population. RESULTS Twenty-seven studies were eligible. The incidence rate for cervical cancer after CIN treatment was 39 per 100 000 woman-years (95% confidence interval 22-69). The RR of cervical cancer was elevated compared with the general population (3.30, 2.57-4.24; P < 0.001). The RR was higher for women more than 50 years old and remained elevated for at least 20 years after treatment. The RR of vaginal (10.84, 5.58-21.10; P < 0.001), vulvar (3.34, 2.39-4.67; P < 0.001), and anal cancer (5.11, 2.73-9.55; P < 0.001) was also higher. Mortality from cervical/vaginal cancer was elevated, but our estimate was more uncertain (RR 5.04, 0.69-36.94; P = 0.073). CONCLUSIONS Women treated for CIN have a considerably higher risk to be later diagnosed with cervical and other HPV-related cancers compared with the general population. The higher risk of cervical cancer lasts for at least 20 years after treatment and is higher for women more than 50 years of age. Prolonged follow-up beyond the last screening round may be warranted for previously treated women.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Kalliala
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Athanasiou
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea - Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - A A Veroniki
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Primary Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - G Salanti
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - O Efthimiou
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - N Raftis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - S Bowden
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea - Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - M Paraskevaidi
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - K Aro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Arbyn
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Scientific Institute of Public Health, Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Bennett
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea - Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - P Nieminen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - E Paraskevaidis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - M Kyrgiou
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea - Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
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Zeng ZM, Luo FF, Zou LX, He RQ, Pan DH, Chen X, Xie TT, Li YQ, Peng ZG, Chen G. Human papillomavirus as a potential risk factor for gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of 1,917 cases. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:7105-7114. [PMID: 27895502 PMCID: PMC5119622 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s115053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are causally associated with the tumorigenesis of several classes of cancers. However, the prevalence of HPV in gastric cancer (GC) has not yet been systematically reviewed. Hence, a meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the HPV prevalence in patients with GC, and its potential etiologic significance was assessed. Methods The pooled HPV prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated among all GC patients. Heterogeneity was described by using the I2 statistic. Sources of heterogeneity were explored by meta-regression and stratified analyses. The meta-influence was applied to evaluate the influence of a single study on the pooled estimates. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were computed for case–control studies. For research providing clinicopathological parameters of age, sex, pathological, differentiated, and clinical stages, and HPV subtypes, the corresponding pooled ORs and 95% CIs were also calculated. Results Thirty studies were included in the current meta-analysis, involving 1,917 patients with GC and 576 controls. The pooled HPV prevalence was 28.0% (95% CI: 23.2%, 32.7%) among all the patients with GC, and the I2 was 96.9% (P<0.001). A pooled OR of 7.388 (95% CI: 3.876, 14.082) was achieved based on 15 case–control studies (I2=56.7%, P=0.004). Moreover, the HPV prevalence was significantly higher in patients from China than in those from non-Chinese regions (31% vs 9%, I2=95.0%, P<0.001). The pooled prevalence of HPV16 was 21% in GC tissues, and the pooled prevalence of HPV18 was 7% with an OR of 3.314 (95% CI =1.617, 6.792). HPV16 was 3 times more frequently detected than HPV18. Conclusion HPV could play a potential role in the pathogenesis of GC. A causal relationship can be confirmed only by detecting HPV in the cells of GC precursor lesions (gastric dysplasia or adenoma). In addition, this study might be beneficial for expounding the potential etiologic significance of molecular mechanism of gastric tumorigenesis and providing opinions regarding precautionary measures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fei-Fei Luo
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University
| | - Lin-Xia Zou
- Department of Children Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, China
| | | | - Deng-Hua Pan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University
| | - Ting-Ting Xie
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University
| | - Yuan-Qing Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University
| | | | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University
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Sand FL, Munk C, Jensen SM, Svahn MF, Frederiksen K, Kjær SK. Long-Term Risk for Noncervical Anogenital Cancer in Women with Previously Diagnosed High-Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016; 25:1090-7. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-15-1291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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