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Wang H, Reid BM, Richmond RC, Lane JM, Saxena R, Gonzalez BD, Fridley BL, Redline S, Tworoger SS, Wang X. Impact of insomnia on ovarian cancer risk and survival: a Mendelian randomization study. EBioMedicine 2024; 104:105175. [PMID: 38823087 PMCID: PMC11169961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We investigated the causal association between genetically predicted insomnia and EOC risk and survival through a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. METHODS Insomnia was proxied using genetic variants identified in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of UK Biobank and 23andMe. Using genetic associations with EOC risk and overall survival from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC) GWAS in 66,450 women (over 11,000 cases with clinical follow-up), we performed Iterative Mendelian Randomization and Pleiotropy (IMRP) analysis followed by a set of sensitivity analyses. Genetic associations with survival and response to treatment in ovarian cancer study of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were estimated controlling for chemotherapy and clinical factors. FINDINGS Insomnia was associated with higher risk of endometrioid EOC (OR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.05-2.45) and lower risk of high-grade serous EOC (HGSOC) and clear cell EOC (OR = 0.79 and 0.48, 95% CI 0.63-1.00 and 0.27-0.86, respectively). In survival analysis, insomnia was associated with shorter survival of invasive EOC (OR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.13-1.87) and HGSOC (OR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.04-1.89), which was attenuated after adjustment for body mass index and reproductive age. Insomnia was associated with reduced survival in TCGA HGSOC cases who received standard chemotherapy (OR = 2.48, 95% CI 1.13-5.42), but was attenuated after adjustment for clinical factors. INTERPRETATION This study supports the impact of insomnia on EOC risk and survival, suggesting treatments targeting insomnia could be pivotal for prevention and improving patient survival. FUNDING National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. Full funding details are provided in acknowledgments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heming Wang
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brett M Reid
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Rebecca C Richmond
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; NIHR Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jacqueline M Lane
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richa Saxena
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian D Gonzalez
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Brooke L Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA; Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shelley S Tworoger
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA; Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
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Estaras M, Martinez R, García A, Ortiz-Placin C, Iovanna JL, Santofimia-Castaño P, Gonzalez A. Melatonin modulates metabolic adaptation of pancreatic stellate cells subjected to hypoxia. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 202:115118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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3
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Zhang N, Sundquist J, Sundquist K, Ji J. Use of Melatonin Is Associated With Lower Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Older Adults. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2021; 12:e00396. [PMID: 34342302 PMCID: PMC8337060 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preclinical evidence suggests that melatonin may affect cellular pathways involved in colorectal cancer (CRC). We sought to test whether melatonin use was associated with decreased risk of CRC using population-based data. METHODS We performed a nationwide cohort study using a new-user study design. We identified a total of 58,657 incident melatonin users aged 50 years and older from the Prescribed Drug Register, and matched them with 175,971 comparisons who did not use melatonin, on the ratio of 1:3. The Cox regression model was used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS The incidence rate of CRC was 10.40 per 10,000 person-years for melatonin users, whereas the rate was 12.82 per 10,000 person-years in the nonusers. We found a significant negative association between melatonin use and risk of CRC (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval, 0.72-0.92). A test for trend showed a significant dose-response correlation (P < 0.001). The decrease of CRC risk was independent of tumor location and stage at diagnosis. When stratified by age groups, the inverse association was significant only among individuals aged 60 years and older. DISCUSSION This population-based cohort study suggests that the use of melatonin was associated with a reduced risk of CRC. Further studies are needed to confirm the observed association and to explore the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiqi Zhang
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden;
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden;
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Japan
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden;
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Japan
| | - Jianguang Ji
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden;
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4
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Maleki M, Khelghati N, Alemi F, Younesi S, Asemi Z, Abolhasan R, Bazdar M, Samadi-Kafil H, Yousefi B. Multiple interactions between melatonin and non-coding RNAs in cancer biology. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 98:323-340. [PMID: 33905613 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The melatonin hormone secreted by the pineal gland is involved in physiological functions such as growth and maturation, circadian cycles, and biological activities including antioxidants, anti-tumor, and anti-ischemia. Melatonin not only interacts with proteins but also has functional effects on regulatory RNAs such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs). In this study, we overview various physiological and pathological conditions affecting melatonin through lncRNA and miRNA. The information compiled herein will serve as a solid foundation to formulate ideas for future mechanistic studies on melatonin. It will also provide a chance to more clarify the emerging functions of the non-coding transcriptome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masomeh Maleki
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Khelghati
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Forough Alemi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Simin Younesi
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Rozita Abolhasan
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute (SCARM), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahtab Bazdar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Bahman Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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5
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Gurunathan S, Qasim M, Kang MH, Kim JH. Role and Therapeutic Potential of Melatonin in Various Type of Cancers. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:2019-2052. [PMID: 33776451 PMCID: PMC7987311 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s298512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a large group of diseases and the second leading cause of death worldwide. Lung, prostate, colorectal, stomach, and liver cancers are the most common types of cancer in men, whereas breast, colorectal, lung, cervical, and thyroid cancers are the most common among women. Presently, various treatment strategies, including surgical resection combined with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, nanotherapy, and immunotherapy, have been used as conventional treatments for patients with cancer. However, the clinical outcomes of advanced-stage disease remain relatively unfavorable owing to the emergence of chemoresistance, toxicity, and other undesired detrimental side effects. Therefore, new therapies to overcome these limitations are indispensable. Recently, there has been considerable evidence from experimental and clinical studies suggesting that melatonin can be used to prevent and treat cancer. Studies have confirmed that melatonin mitigates the pathogenesis of cancer by directly affecting carcinogenesis and indirectly disrupting the circadian cycle. Melatonin (MLT) is nontoxic and exhibits a range of beneficial effects against cancer via apoptotic, antiangiogenic, antiproliferative, and metastasis-inhibitory pathways. The combination of melatonin with conventional drugs improves the drug sensitivity of cancers, including solid and liquid tumors. In this manuscript, we will comprehensively review some of the cellular, animal, and human studies from the literature that provide evidence that melatonin has oncostatic and anticancer properties. Further, this comprehensive review compiles the available experimental and clinical data analyzing the history, epidemiology, risk factors, therapeutic effect, clinical significance, of melatonin alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents or radiotherapy, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms of its anticancer effect against lung, breast, prostate, colorectal, skin, liver, cervical, and ovarian cancers. Nonetheless, in the interest of readership clarity and ease of reading, we have discussed the overall mechanism of the anticancer activity of melatonin against different types of cancer. We have ended this report with general conclusions and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Center of Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Min-Hee Kang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
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Mogavero MP, DelRosso LM, Fanfulla F, Bruni O, Ferri R. Sleep disorders and cancer: State of the art and future perspectives. Sleep Med Rev 2020; 56:101409. [PMID: 33333427 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2020.101409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A bidirectional connection between sleep and cancer exists; however, the specific associations between individual sleep disorders and particular tumors are not very clear. An accurate assessment of sleep disorders in cancer patients is necessary to improve patient health, survival, response to therapy, quality of life, reduction of comorbidities/complications. Indeed, recent scientific evidence shows that knowledge and management of sleep disorders offer interesting therapeutic perspectives for the treatment of cancer. In light of this need, the objective of this review is to assess the evidence highlighted in the research of the last ten years on the correlation between each specific category of sleep disorder according to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders 3rd Ed. and several types of tumor based on their anatomical location (head-neck, including the brain and thyroid; lung; breast; ovary; endometrium; testes; prostate; bladder; kidney; gastrointestinal tract, subdivided into: stomach, liver, colon, pancreas; skin; bone tumors; hematological malignancies: leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, polycythemia), in order to evaluate what is currently known about: 1) sleep disorders as cancer risk factor; 2) tumors associated with the onset of sleep disorders; 3) targeted therapies of sleep disorders in cancer patients and new oncological perspectives following the evaluation of sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paola Mogavero
- Sleep Medicine Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Scientific Institute of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Lourdes M DelRosso
- Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Francesco Fanfulla
- Sleep Medicine Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Scientific Institute of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Oliviero Bruni
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Raffaele Ferri
- Sleep Research Centre, Department of Neurology I.C., Oasi Research Institute, IRCCS, Troina 94018, Italy.
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7
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El-Sherif A, El-Sherif S, Taylor AH, Ayakannu T. Ovarian Cancer: Lifestyle, Diet and Nutrition. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1092-1107. [PMID: 32674720 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1792948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed El-Sherif
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Arrow Park Hospital, Upton, UK
| | - Sherif El-Sherif
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West Cumberland Hospital, Whitehaven, UK
| | - Anthony Henry Taylor
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Thangesweran Ayakannu
- Gynaecology Oncology Cancer Centre, Liverpool Women’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool Women’s Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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8
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Harris MA, MacLeod J, Kim J, Pahwa M, Tjepkema M, Peters P, Demers PA. Use of a Canadian Population-Based Surveillance Cohort to Test Relationships Between Shift Work and Breast, Ovarian, and Prostate Cancer. Ann Work Expo Health 2020; 64:387-401. [PMID: 32144413 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxaa017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Shift work with circadian disruption is a suspected human carcinogen. Additional population-representative human studies are needed and large population-based linkage cohorts have been explored as an option for surveillance shift work and cancer risk. This study uses a surveillance linkage cohort and job-exposure matrix to test relationships. METHODS We estimated associations between shift work and breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer using the population-based Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort (CanCHEC), linking the 1991 Canadian census to national cancer registry and mortality databases. Prevalence estimates from population labour survey data were used to estimate and assign probability of night, rotating, or evening shifts by occupation and industry. Cohort members were assigned to high (>50%), medium (>25 to 50%), low (>5 to 25%), or no (<5%) probability of exposure categories. Cox proportional hazards modelling was used to estimate associations between shift work exposure and incidence of prostate cancer in men and ovarian and breast cancer in women. RESULTS The cohort included 1 098 935 men and 939 520 women. Hazard ratios (HRs) indicated null or inverse relationships comparing high probability to no exposure for prostate cancer: HR = 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.91-1.02; breast cancer: HR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.90-0.99; and ovarian cancer: HR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.87-1.13. CONCLUSIONS This study showed inverse and null associations between shift work exposure and incidence of prostate, breast, or ovarian cancer. However, we explore limitations of a surveillance cohort, including a possible healthy worker survivor effect and the possibility that this relationship may require the nuanced exposure detail in primary collection studies to be measurable.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Anne Harris
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, Toronto ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jill MacLeod
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joanne Kim
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Manisha Pahwa
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Paul Peters
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Paul A Demers
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Zare H, Shafabakhsh R, Reiter RJ, Asemi Z. Melatonin is a potential inhibitor of ovarian cancer: molecular aspects. J Ovarian Res 2019; 12:26. [PMID: 30914056 PMCID: PMC6434863 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-019-0502-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most common causes of morbidity related to gynecologic malignancies. Possible risk factors are including hereditary ovarian cancer, obesity, diabetes mellitus, alcohol consumption, aging, and smoking. Various molecular signaling pathways including inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis and angiogenesis are involved in this progression of ovarian cancer. Standard treatments for recently diagnosed patients are Surgery and chemotherapy such as co-treatment with other drugs such that the exploitation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy is expanding. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxy-tryptamine), an endogenous agent secreted from the pineal gland, has anti-carcinogenic features, such as regulation of estradiol production, cell cycle modulation, stimulation of apoptosis as well as anti-angiogenetic properties, anti-inflammatory activities, significant antioxidant effects and modulation of various immune system cells and cytokines. Multiple studies have shown the significant beneficial roles of melatonin in various types of cancers including ovarian cancer. This paper aims to shed light on the roles of melatonin in ovarian cancer treatment from the standpoint of the molecular aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadis Zare
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R, Iran
| | - Rana Shafabakhsh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R, Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science, Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R, Iran.
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Zhang X, Rice M, Tworoger SS, Rosner BA, Eliassen AH, Tamimi RM, Joshi AD, Lindstrom S, Qian J, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Kraft P, Hankinson SE. Addition of a polygenic risk score, mammographic density, and endogenous hormones to existing breast cancer risk prediction models: A nested case-control study. PLoS Med 2018; 15:e1002644. [PMID: 30180161 PMCID: PMC6122802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND No prior study to our knowledge has examined the joint contribution of a polygenic risk score (PRS), mammographic density (MD), and postmenopausal endogenous hormone levels-all well-confirmed risk factors for invasive breast cancer-to existing breast cancer risk prediction models. METHODS AND FINDINGS We conducted a nested case-control study within the prospective Nurses' Health Study and Nurses' Health Study II including 4,006 cases and 7,874 controls ages 34-70 years up to 1 June 2010. We added a breast cancer PRS using 67 single nucleotide polymorphisms, MD, and circulating testosterone, estrone sulfate, and prolactin levels to existing risk models. We calculated area under the curve (AUC), controlling for age and stratified by menopausal status, for the 5-year absolute risk of invasive breast cancer. We estimated the population distribution of 5-year predicted risks for models with and without biomarkers. For the Gail model, the AUC improved (p-values < 0.001) from 55.9 to 64.1 (8.2 units) in premenopausal women (Gail + PRS + MD), from 55.5 to 66.0 (10.5 units) in postmenopausal women not using hormone therapy (HT) (Gail + PRS + MD + all hormones), and from 58.0 to 64.9 (6.9 units) in postmenopausal women using HT (Gail + PRS + MD + prolactin). For the Rosner-Colditz model, the corresponding AUCs improved (p-values < 0.001) by 5.7, 6.2, and 6.5 units. For estrogen-receptor-positive tumors, among postmenopausal women not using HT, the AUCs improved (p-values < 0.001) by 14.3 units for the Gail model and 7.3 units for the Rosner-Colditz model. Additionally, the percentage of 50-year-old women predicted to be at more than twice 5-year average risk (≥2.27%) was 0.2% for the Gail model alone and 6.6% for the Gail + PRS + MD + all hormones model. Limitations of our study included the limited racial/ethnic diversity of our cohort, and that general population exposure distributions were unavailable for some risk factors. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the addition of PRS, MD, and endogenous hormones substantially improved existing breast cancer risk prediction models. Further studies will be needed to confirm these findings and to determine whether improved risk prediction models have practical value in identifying women at higher risk who would most benefit from chemoprevention, screening, and other risk-reducing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Megan Rice
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Shelley S. Tworoger
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Bernard A. Rosner
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - A. Heather Eliassen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rulla M. Tamimi
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Amit D. Joshi
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sara Lindstrom
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jing Qian
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Graham A. Colditz
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Walter C. Willett
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Susan E. Hankinson
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America
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11
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Li Y, Li S, Zhou Y, Meng X, Zhang JJ, Xu DP, Li HB. Melatonin for the prevention and treatment of cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:39896-39921. [PMID: 28415828 PMCID: PMC5503661 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidemiological studies have indicated a possible oncostatic property of melatonin on different types of tumors. Besides, experimental studies have documented that melatonin could exert growth inhibition on some human tumor cells in vitro and in animal models. The underlying mechanisms include antioxidant activity, modulation of melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2, stimulation of apoptosis, regulation of pro-survival signaling and tumor metabolism, inhibition on angiogenesis, metastasis, and induction of epigenetic alteration. Melatonin could also be utilized as adjuvant of cancer therapies, through reinforcing the therapeutic effects and reducing the side effects of chemotherapies or radiation. Melatonin could be an excellent candidate for the prevention and treatment of several cancers, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer. This review summarized the anticancer efficacy of melatonin, based on the results of epidemiological,experimental and clinical studies, and special attention was paid to the mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Ping Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,South China Sea Bioresource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Menéndez-Menéndez J, Martínez-Campa C. Melatonin: An Anti-Tumor Agent in Hormone-Dependent Cancers. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:3271948. [PMID: 30386380 PMCID: PMC6189685 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3271948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a hormone synthesized and secreted by the pineal gland mainly during the night, since light exposure suppresses its production. Initially, an implication of this indoleamine in malignant disease was described in endocrine-responsive breast cancer. Data from several clinical trials and multiple experimental studies performed both in vivo and in vitro have documented that the pineal hormone inhibits endocrine-dependent mammary tumors by interfering with the estrogen signaling-mediated transcription, therefore behaving as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Additionally, melatonin regulates the production of estradiol through the control of the enzymes involved in its synthesis, acting as a selective estrogen enzyme modulator (SEEM). Many more mechanisms have been proposed during the past few years, including signaling triggered after activation of the membrane melatonin receptors MT-1 and MT-2, or else intracellular actions targeting molecules such as calmodulin, or binding intranuclear receptors. Similar results have been obtained in prostate (regulation of enzymes involved in androgen synthesis and modulation of androgen receptor levels and activity) and ovary cancer. Thus, tumor metabolism, gene expression, or epigenetic modifications are modulated, cell growth is impaired and angiogenesis and metastasis are inhibited. In the last decade, many more reports have demonstrated that melatonin is a promising adjuvant molecule with many potential beneficial consequences when included in chemotherapy or radiotherapy protocols designed to treat endocrine-responsive tumors. Therefore, in this state-of-the-art review, we aim to compile the knowledge about the oncostatic actions of the indoleamine in hormone-dependent tumors, and the latest findings concerning melatonin actions when administered in combination with radio- or chemotherapy in breast, prostate, and ovary cancers. As melatonin has no toxicity, it may be well deserve to be considered as an endogenously generated agent helpful in cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Menéndez-Menéndez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Carlos Martínez-Campa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
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Polo A, Singh S, Crispo A, Russo M, Giudice A, Montella M, Colonna G, Costantini S. Evaluating the associations between human circadian rhythms and dysregulated genes in liver cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:7353-7359. [PMID: 29250165 PMCID: PMC5727601 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Network analysis is a useful approach in cancer biology as it provides information regarding the genes and proteins. In our previous study, a network analysis was performed on dysregulated genes in HepG2 cells, a hepatoblastoma cell line that lacks the viral infection, compared with normal hepatocytes, identifying the presence of 26 HUB genes. The present study aimed to identify whether these previously identified HUB genes participate in the network that controls the human circadian rhythms. The results of the present study demonstrated that 20/26 HUB genes were associated with the metabolic processes that control human circadian rhythms, which supports the hypothesis that a number of cancer types are dependent from circadian cycles. In addition, it was revealed that the CLOCK circadian regulator gene was associated, via cytoskeleton associated protein 5 (CKAP5), with the HUB genes of the HepG2 network, and that CKAP5 was associated with three other circadian genes (casein kinase 1ε, casein kinase 1δ and histone deacetylase 4) and 10 HepG2 genes (SH2 domain containing, ZW10 interacting kinetochore protein, aurora kinase B, cell division cycle 20, centromere protein A, inner centromere protein, mitotic arrest deficient 2 like 1, baculoviral IAP repeat containing 5, SPC24 NDC80 kinetochore complex component and kinesin family member 2C). Furthermore, the genes that associate the circadian system with liver cancer were demonstrated to encode intrinsically disordered proteins. Finally, the results of the present study identified the microRNAs involved in the network formed by the overlapping of HepG2 and circadian genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Polo
- Epidemiology Unit, National Cancer Institute ‘Foundation G. Pascale’, IRCCS, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sakshi Singh
- Doctorate in Computational Biology, Second University of Naples, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Crispo
- Epidemiology Unit, National Cancer Institute ‘Foundation G. Pascale’, IRCCS, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marilina Russo
- Oncology Research Center of Mercogliano, National Cancer Institute ‘Foundation G. Pascale’, IRCCS, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Aldo Giudice
- Epidemiology Unit, National Cancer Institute ‘Foundation G. Pascale’, IRCCS, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Montella
- Epidemiology Unit, National Cancer Institute ‘Foundation G. Pascale’, IRCCS, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Colonna
- Medical Informatics Service, University Hospital, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Susan Costantini
- Oncology Research Center of Mercogliano, National Cancer Institute ‘Foundation G. Pascale’, IRCCS, I-80131 Naples, Italy
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Chuffa LGDA, Reiter RJ, Lupi LA. Melatonin as a promising agent to treat ovarian cancer: molecular mechanisms. Carcinogenesis 2017; 38:945-952. [PMID: 28575150 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) has the highest mortality rate of all gynecological cancers, and most patients develop chemoresistance after first-line treatments. Despite recent advances, the 5-year relative survival is ~45% for all OC subtypes, and invasive epithelial OC has only a 17% survival rate when diagnosed at a late stage. Identification of new efficacious molecules or biomarkers represents important opportunities in the treatment of OC. The pharmacological and physiological properties of melatonin indicate this agent could be useful against OC progression and metastasis. In normal cells, melatonin has potent antioxidant and anti-apoptotic actions. Conversely, melatonin has pro-oxidant as well as anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic and immunomodulatory properties in many cancer types including hormone-dependent cancers. Although melatonin receptors have been identified in OC cells, the exact mechanism by which melatonin induces anticancer activities remains incompletely understood. Clinical studies have reported negative correlation between aggressiveness of OC and serum levels of melatonin, reinforcing the idea that melatonin may be a critical factor determining OC development. In vitro and in vivo studies suggest melatonin differentially regulates multiple signaling pathways in OC cells. This focused review explores the potential mechanisms of action of melatonin on cultured OC cells and in experimental models of OC in an attempt to clarify how melatonin modulates the signaling pathways involved in cancer cell apoptosis, survival, inflammation, proliferation and metabolic processes. Based on the evidence presented, we feel that melatonin, as an agent that controls cellular signals associated with malignancy, may be beneficial in combination with other therapeutics for OC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP, Brazil and Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP, Brazil and Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Luiz Antonio Lupi
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP, Brazil and Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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