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Larrinaga G, Valdivia A, Arrieta-Aguirre I, Solano-Iturri JD, Ugalde-Olano A, Loizaga-Iriarte A, Santos-Martín A, Pérez-Fernández A, Angulo JC, López JI. The Expression of Alamandine Receptor MrgD in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Is Associated with a Worse Prognosis and Unfavorable Response to Antiangiogenic Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1499. [PMID: 38338778 PMCID: PMC10855800 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) ranks among the most prevalent malignancies in Western countries, marked by its notable heterogeneity, which contributes to an unpredictable clinical trajectory. The insufficiency of dependable biomarkers adds complexity to assessing this tumor progression. Imbalances of several components of the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system (iRAS) significantly impact patient prognoses and responses to first-line immunotherapies. In this study, we analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of the Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor D (MrgD), which recognizes the novel RAS peptide alamandine (ALA), in a series of 87 clear cell renal cell (CCRCCs), 19 papillary (PRCC), 7 chromophobe (ChRCC) renal cell carcinomas, and 11 renal oncocytomas (RO). MrgD was expressed in all the renal tumor subtypes, with a higher mean staining intensity in the PRCCs, ChRCCs, and ROs. A high expression of MrgD at the tumor center and at the infiltrative front of CCRCC tissues was significantly associated with a high histological grade, large tumor diameter, local invasion, and locoregional node and distant metastasis. Patients with worse 5-year cancer-specific survival and a poorer response to antiangiogenic tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) showed higher MrgD expression at the center of their primary tumors. These findings suggest a possible role of MrgD in renal carcinogenetic processes. Further studies are necessary to unveil its potential as a novel biomarker for CCRCC prognosis and response to frontline therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gorka Larrinaga
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain;
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (J.D.S.-I.); (A.U.-O.); (A.L.-I.); (A.S.-M.); (A.P.-F.); (J.I.L.)
| | - Asier Valdivia
- Department of Cellular Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain;
| | - Inés Arrieta-Aguirre
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain;
| | - Jon Danel Solano-Iturri
- Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (J.D.S.-I.); (A.U.-O.); (A.L.-I.); (A.S.-M.); (A.P.-F.); (J.I.L.)
- Department of Pathology, Cruces University Hospital, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Aitziber Ugalde-Olano
- Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (J.D.S.-I.); (A.U.-O.); (A.L.-I.); (A.S.-M.); (A.P.-F.); (J.I.L.)
- Department of Pathology, Basurto University Hospital, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Ana Loizaga-Iriarte
- Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (J.D.S.-I.); (A.U.-O.); (A.L.-I.); (A.S.-M.); (A.P.-F.); (J.I.L.)
- Department of Urology, Basurto University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Aida Santos-Martín
- Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (J.D.S.-I.); (A.U.-O.); (A.L.-I.); (A.S.-M.); (A.P.-F.); (J.I.L.)
- Department of Urology, Basurto University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Amparo Pérez-Fernández
- Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (J.D.S.-I.); (A.U.-O.); (A.L.-I.); (A.S.-M.); (A.P.-F.); (J.I.L.)
- Department of Urology, Basurto University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Javier C. Angulo
- Clinical Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, European University of Madrid, 28905 Getafe, Spain;
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Getafe, 28907 Madrid, Spain
| | - José I. López
- Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (J.D.S.-I.); (A.U.-O.); (A.L.-I.); (A.S.-M.); (A.P.-F.); (J.I.L.)
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