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Toemen L, Santos S, Roest AAW, Vernooij MW, Helbing WA, Gaillard R, Jaddoe VWV. Pericardial adipose tissue, cardiac structures, and cardiovascular risk factors in school-age children. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 22:307-313. [PMID: 32154869 PMCID: PMC7899276 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaa031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims We examined the associations of pericardial adipose tissue with cardiac structures and cardiovascular risk factors in children. Methods and results We performed a cross-sectional analysis in a population-based cohort study among 2892 children aged 10 years (2404 normal weight and 488 overweight/obese). Pericardial adipose tissue mass was estimated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and indexed on height3. Left ventricular mass (LVM) and left ventricular mass-to-volume ratio (LMVR) were estimated by cardiac MRI. Cardiovascular risk factors included android adipose tissue percentage obtained by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, blood pressure and glucose, insulin, cholesterol, and triglycerides concentrations. Adverse outcomes were defined as values above the 75 percentile. Median pericardial adipose tissue index was 3.6 (95% range 1.6–7.1) among normal weight and 4.7 (95% range 2.0–8.9) among overweight children. A one standard deviation (1 SD) higher pericardial adipose tissue index was associated with higher LMVR [0.06 standard deviation scores, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.02–0.09], increased odds of high android adipose tissue [odd ratio (OR) 2.08, 95% CI 1.89–2.29], high insulin concentrations (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.06–1.30), an atherogenic lipid profile (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.11–1.33), and clustering of cardiovascular risk factors (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.36–1.79). Pericardial adipose tissue index was not associated with LVM, blood pressure, and glucose concentrations. The associations showed largely the same directions but tended to be weaker among normal weight than among overweight children. Conclusion Pericardial adipose tissue is associated with cardiac adaptations and cardiovascular risk factors already in childhood in both normal weight and overweight children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza Toemen
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, PO Box 22040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Susana Santos
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, PO Box 22040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arno A W Roest
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Postbus 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Meike W Vernooij
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, PO Box 22040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Willem A Helbing
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, PO Box 22040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, PO Box 22040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Romy Gaillard
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, PO Box 22040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, PO Box 22040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Pimanov S, Bondarenko V, Makarenko E. Visceral fat in different locations assessed by ultrasound: Correlation with computed tomography and cut-off values in patients with metabolic syndrome. Clin Obes 2020; 10:e12404. [PMID: 32857464 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between ultrasound measurements of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in different locations and visceral fat area parameters estimated by computed tomography (CT), as well as to determine the cut-off values of ultrasound measurements in patients with metabolic syndrome and in normal controls. Altogether, 304 patients aged 18 to 65 years were enrolled in the study. Ultrasound measurements of visceral fat volume were performed using a number of already described techniques. The correlations of ultrasound indices of VAT and СТ (104 patients) ranged from 0.420 to 0.726. For the most effective diagnostic VAT ultrasound indices, the cut-off values in metabolic syndrome were (200 patients): 21.12 cm2 for the inferior part of perirenal fat (AUC = 0.983); and 47.00, 61.3 and 72.7 mm for the distance between the internal surface of the rectus abdominis muscle and the anterior wall of the aorta, the posterior wall of the aorta and the lumbar vertebra (AUC = 0.960, 0.966, 0.968, respectively). Ultrasound VAT measurements highly correlated with CT results. Cut-off VAT values, determined by ultrasound for the patients with metabolic syndrome, yielded good diagnostic operational characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Pimanov
- Therapy Department No. 2, Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Belarus
| | | | - Elena Makarenko
- Therapy Department No. 2, Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Belarus
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Kim M, Kim MA, Kim HL, Lee WJ, Lim WH, Seo JB, Kim SH, Zo JH. Body mass index and the risk of low femoral artery puncture in coronary angiography under fluoroscopy guidance. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e0070. [PMID: 29489670 PMCID: PMC5851760 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The inferior border of the femoral head (IBFH) is widely used as a landmark in femoral artery puncture during invasive coronary angiography (ICA). However, application of this technique can be challenging especially in obese patients. This study was performed to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of low puncture in femoral artery puncture.A total of 464 patients (64.8 ± 11.1 years, 55.8% male) who underwent ICA via trans-femoral access were retrospectively reviewed. IBFH was used as a landmark for a skin nick and the femoral artery cannulation site was confirmed by femoral angiography. Cannulation at the bifurcation of the common femoral artery (CFA) or below were considered low puncture.Twenty-nine patients (5.8%) were identified as having an angiographically high CFA bifurcation and low femoral artery puncture occurred in 27 (93.1%) patients of them. Among patients with normal bifurcation (n = 464), low puncture occurred in 74 (15.9%) patients. Underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m) or obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m) patients were more common in the low puncture group than in the proper puncture group (36.5% vs. 5.9%, P < .001). Multivariable analysis showed underweight or obesity (odd ratio, 9.10; 95% confidential interval, 4.77-17.35; P < .001) was an independent risk factor of low puncture even after controlling for clinical covariates. The average distance from IBFH to the CFA puncture site was shorter in patients with underweight (1.74 ± 0.71 cm) or obesity (1.75 ± 0.60 cm) than in those with normal BMI or overweight (2.07 ± 0.83 cm) (P = .030). Trigonometric calculation showed that the average distance from IBFH to the CFA puncture site was 0.5 to 2.59 cm (mean = 1.32 cm) shorter in underweight patients compared with those of normal weight or overweight patients.In patients with normal CFA bifurcation, underweight or obesity were associated with increased risk of low puncture. The puncture site should be chosen about 1 finger width more proximal to IBFH for ICA in such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsuk Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam
- Seoul National University College of Medicine
| | - Myung-A Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hack-Lyoung Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won-Jae Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam
- Seoul National University College of Medicine
| | - Woo-Hyun Lim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Bin Seo
- Seoul National University College of Medicine
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo-Hee Zo
- Seoul National University College of Medicine
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Gaborit B, Sengenes C, Ancel P, Jacquier A, Dutour A. Role of Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Health and Disease: A Matter of Fat? Compr Physiol 2017. [PMID: 28640452 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a small but very biologically active ectopic fat depot that surrounds the heart. Given its rapid metabolism, thermogenic capacity, unique transcriptome, secretory profile, and simply measurability, epicardial fat has drawn increasing attention among researchers attempting to elucidate its putative role in health and cardiovascular diseases. The cellular crosstalk between epicardial adipocytes and cells of the vascular wall or myocytes is high and suggests a local role for this tissue. The balance between protective and proinflammatory/profibrotic cytokines, chemokines, and adipokines released by EAT seem to be a key element in atherogenesis and could represent a future therapeutic target. EAT amount has been found to predict clinical coronary outcomes. EAT can also modulate cardiac structure and function. Its amount has been associated with atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, and sleep apnea syndrome. Conversely, a beiging fat profile of EAT has been identified. In this review, we describe the current state of knowledge regarding the anatomy, physiology and pathophysiological role of EAT, and the factors more globally leading to ectopic fat development. We will also highlight the most recent findings on the origin of this ectopic tissue, and its association with cardiac diseases. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:1051-1082, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bénédicte Gaborit
- NORT, Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, NORT, Marseille, France.,Endocrinology Metabolic Diseases, and Nutrition Department, Pole ENDO, APHM, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Coralie Sengenes
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, EFS, ENVT, Inserm U1031, ERL CNRS 5311, CHU Rangueil, Toulouse, France
| | - Patricia Ancel
- NORT, Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, NORT, Marseille, France
| | - Alexis Jacquier
- CNRS UMR 7339, Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM), Marseille, France.,Radiology department, CHU La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Dutour
- NORT, Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, NORT, Marseille, France.,Endocrinology Metabolic Diseases, and Nutrition Department, Pole ENDO, APHM, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
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Sathiyakumar V, Blumenthal RS, Nasir K, Martin SS. Addressing Knowledge Gaps in the 2013 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk: a Review of Recent Coronary Artery Calcium Literature. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2017; 19:7. [DOI: 10.1007/s11883-017-0643-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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