1
|
Wang Z, Li Y, Yang J, Sun Y, He Y, Wang Y, Liang Y, Chen X, Chen T, Han D, Zhang N, Chen B, Zhao W, Wang L, Luo D, Yang Q. CircCFL1 Promotes TNBC Stemness and Immunoescape via Deacetylation-Mediated c-Myc Deubiquitylation to Facilitate Mutant TP53 Transcription. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2404628. [PMID: 38981022 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most malignant subtype of breast cancer. TP53, which has a mutation rate of ≈70%-80% in TNBC patients, plays oncogenic roles when mutated. However, whether circRNAs can exert their effects on TNBC through regulating mutant TP53 has not been well evaluated. In this study, circCFL1, which is highly expressed in TNBC cells and tissues and has prognostic potential is identified. Functionally, circCFL1 promoted the proliferation, metastasis and stemness of TNBC cells. Mechanistically, circCFL1 acted as a scaffold to enhance the interaction between HDAC1 and c-Myc, further promoting the stability of c-Myc via deacetylation-mediated inhibition of K48-linked ubiquitylation. Stably expressed c-Myc further enhanced the expression of mutp53 in TNBC cells with TP53 mutations by directly binding to the promoter of TP53, which promoted the stemness of TNBC cells via activation of the p-AKT/WIP/YAP/TAZ pathway. Moreover, circCFL1 can facilitate the immune escape of TNBC cells by promoting the expression of PD-L1 and suppressing the antitumor immunity of CD8+ T cells. In conclusion, the results revealed that circCFL1 plays an oncogenic role by promoting the HDAC1/c-Myc/mutp53 axis, which can serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for TNBC patients with TP53 mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zekun Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Yaming Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Yuhan Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Yinqiao He
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Yuping Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical College, Jining, Shandong, 272067, P. R. China
| | - Yiran Liang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Dianwen Han
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Bing Chen
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Dan Luo
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Qifeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
- Research Institute of Breast Cancer, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Singh D, Biswas D, Tewari M, Kar AG, Ansari MA, Singh S, Narayan G. Clinical Significance of Overexpression of Oct4 in Advanced Stage Gallbladder Carcinoma. J Gastrointest Cancer 2023; 54:1231-1239. [PMID: 36705780 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-023-00913-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oct4 has critical role in maintaining pluripotency, proliferative potential, and self-renewal capacity in embryonic stem and germ cells. Although Oct4 has been shown to be upregulated in many cancers, its clinical significance in gallbladder carcinoma is poorly understood. METHODS We studied the expression profile of Oct4 in 61 GBC and 30 chronic cholecystitis (as control) using real time RT-PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. The expression data was correlated with clinico-pathological parameters. The diagnostic utility was assessed through ROC curve, and prognostic value was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS Oct4 was significantly upregulated at mRNA as well as protein levels. The higher mRNA expression shows significant association with late stage, late T stage, and higher grade of tumor. A significant positive correlation was also observed with stage, T stage, and tumor grade. Sum score analysis of protein expression shows positive correlation with stage and the presence or absence of gallstone in tumor samples. The ROC curve analysis revealed the moderate diagnostic potential of Oct4. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients having higher expression of Oct4 were having low mean survival compared with the patients with lower Oct4 expression. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our data suggests that higher expression of Oct4 may serve as potential biological indicator for tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis of GBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Singh
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, USA
| | - Dipanjan Biswas
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Mallika Tewari
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Amrita Ghosh Kar
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Mumtaz Ahmad Ansari
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Sunita Singh
- Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Gopeshwar Narayan
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yuan X, Chen K, Zheng F, Xu S, Li Y, Wang Y, Ni H, Wang F, Cui Z, Qin Y, Xia D, Wu Y. Low-dose BPA and its substitute BPS promote ovarian cancer cell stemness via a non-canonical PINK1/p53 mitophagic signaling. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 452:131288. [PMID: 36989771 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The environmental toxicity of bisphenol A (BPA) and its analog like bisphenol S (BPS) have drawn wide attention, but their roles in cancer progression remain controversial. Here, we investigated the effect of BPA/BPS on the development of ovarian cancer. Human internal BPA/BPS exposure levels were analyzed from NHANES 2013-2016 data. We treated human ovarian cancer cells with 0-1000 nM BPA/BPS and found that 100 nM BPA/BPS treatment significantly increased Cancer Stem Cell (CSC) markers expression including OCT4, NANOG and SOX2. Cancer cell stemness evaluation induced by BPA/BPS was notably attenuated by the knockdown of PINK1 or Mdivi-1 treatment. The activation of PINK1 initiated mitophagy by inhibiting p-p53 nuclear translocation in a non-canonical manner. In vivo studies validated that BPA/BPS-exposed mice have higher tumor metastasis incidence compared with the control group, while mitophagy inhibition blocked such a promotion effect. In addition, CSC markers such as SOX2 had been found to be overexpressed in the tumor tissues of BPA/BPS exposure group. Taken together, the findings herein first provide the evidence that environmentally relevant BPA/BPS exposure could enhance ovarian cancer cell stemness through a non-canonical PINK1/p53 mitophagic pathway, raising concerns about the potential population hazards of BPA and other bisphenol analogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yuan
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kelie Chen
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sinan Xu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yating Li
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Heng Ni
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyan Cui
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuheng Qin
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dajing Xia
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yihua Wu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Brouns I, Adriaensen D, Timmermans JP. The pulmonary neuroepithelial body microenvironment represents an underestimated multimodal component in airway sensory pathways. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2023. [PMID: 36808710 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Exciting new imaging and molecular tools, combined with state-of-the-art genetically modified mouse models, have recently boosted interest in pulmonary (vagal) sensory pathway investigations. In addition to the identification of diverse sensory neuronal subtypes, visualization of intrapulmonary projection patterns attracted renewed attention on morphologically identified sensory receptor end-organs, such as the pulmonary neuroepithelial bodies (NEBs) that have been our area of expertise for the past four decades. The current review aims at providing an overview of the cellular and neuronal components of the pulmonary NEB microenvironment (NEB ME) in mice, underpinning the role of these complexly organized structures in the mechano- and chemosensory potential of airways and lungs. Interestingly, the pulmonary NEB ME additionally harbors different types of stem cells, and emerging evidence suggests that the signal transduction pathways that are active in the NEB ME during lung development and repair also determine the origin of small cell lung carcinoma. Although documented for many years that NEBs appear to be affected in several pulmonary diseases, the current intriguing knowledge on the NEB ME seems to encourage researchers that are new to the field to explore the possibility that these versatile sensor-effector units may be involved in lung pathogenesis or pathobiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inge Brouns
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology (CBH), Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Dirk Adriaensen
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology (CBH), Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jean-Pierre Timmermans
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology (CBH), Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Antwerp Centre for Advanced Microscopy (ACAM), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kong S, Li Z, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Jia X, Gao X, Cong B, Zhang F, Zhang J, Zheng C. A Wnt-related gene expression signature to improve the prediction of prognosis and tumor microenvironment in gastric cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:1035099. [PMID: 36561311 PMCID: PMC9763457 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1035099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Most gastric cancer (GC) patients were diagnosed in the advanced stages without obvious symptoms, which resulted in the increased risk of death. Although the combination therapies have showed survival benefit of patients, there is still urgent need to explore the underlying mechanisms of GC development and potential novel targets for clinical applications. Numerous studies have reported the upregulation of Wnt signaling pathway in human GC, which play important role during GC development and progression. However, the current understanding of Wnt signaling pathway is still limited due to its complexity and contradictory effect on different stages of GC tumor microenvironment. Method: We used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset to screen Wnt signaling pathway-associated genes by ssGSEA and correlation analysis. Three molecular subtypes were constructed based on a consistent clustering analysis. The key Wnt-related genes were screened through univariate cox analysis, lasso, and stepwise regression. In addition, the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were performed to explore potential molecular pathways regulated by the Wnt-related gene signatures. ESTIMATE was utilized for evaluating the immune cell populations in GC tumor microenvironment. Results: Three molecular subtypes associated to Wnt were identified, and 7 key Wnt-related genes were screened to establish a predictive RiskScore model. These three molecular subtypes showed significant prognostic differences and distinct functional signaling pathways. We also found the downregulated immune checkpoint expression in the clust1 with good prognosis. The RiskScore model was successfully validated in GSE26942 dataset. Nomogram based on RiskScore and Gender had better prognostic predictive ability. Conclusion: In summary, our study showed that the Wnt-related genes could be used to predict prognosis of GC patients. The risk model we established showed high accuracy and survival prediction capability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Kong
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zheming Zhang
- General Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xianghao Jia
- General Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xinxin Gao
- General Foreign Major, Shandong First Medical University, Tai’an, China
| | - Bicong Cong
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Fangxu Zhang
- General Surgery, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, HaploX Biotechnology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunning Zheng
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Chunning Zheng,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Huang Y, Wang X, Hu R, Pan G, Lin X. SOX2 regulates paclitaxel resistance of A549 non‑small cell lung cancer cells via promoting transcription of ClC‑3. Oncol Rep 2022; 48:181. [PMID: 36069232 PMCID: PMC9478990 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is widely used in the treatment of non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, acquired PTX drug resistance is a major obstacle to its therapeutic efficacy and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. The present study revealed a novel role of the SRY‑box transcription factor 2 (SOX2)‑chloride voltage‑gated channel‑3 (ClC‑3) axis in PTX resistance of A549 NSCLC cells. The expression levels of SOX2 and ClC‑3 were upregulated in PTX‑resistant A549 NSCLC cells by RT‑qPCR and western blotting. The drug resistance to PTX of A549 NSCLC cells were measured by detecting the cell viability and the expression of drug resistance markers. Knockdown of SOX2 or ClC‑3 effectively decreased PTX resistance of A549 NSCLC cells, whereas SOX2 or ClC‑3 overexpression promoted PTX resistance. Mechanistically, SOX2 bound to the promoter of ClC‑3 and enhanced the transcriptional activation of ClC‑3 expression by CUT&Tag assays, CUT&Tag qPCR and luciferase reporter. In summary, the present findings defined ClC‑3 as an important downstream effector of SOX2 and ClC‑3 and SOX2 contributed to PTX resistance. Targeting SOX2 and its downstream effector ClC‑3 increased the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to PTX treatment, which provided potential therapeutic strategies for patients with NSCLC with PTX resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Rendong Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Guopeng Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xi Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Antitumor Effect of Si-Jun-Zi Decoction on SGC7901 Gastric Cancer Cells by CMTM2 Activation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4675815. [PMID: 35873650 PMCID: PMC9303151 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4675815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The Si-Jun-Zi decoction (SJZ), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, is used clinically against multiple malignancies, including gastric cancer (GC). In previous study, we have shown that SJZ plays an anticancer role in SGC7901 cell xenograft mice models. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect and mechanism of SJZ on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and cancer stem cell-like properties of GC cells. High-throughput mRNA sequencing analysis was performed to investigate the global alterations in gene expression in xenograft tumors, and 56 significantly differentially expressed genes (43 upregulated and 13 downregulated genes) were identified between the SJZ group and the Model group totally. We focused on CMTM2, which was significantly increased after SJZ intervention, as a candidate target gene of SJZ. The results indicated that CMTM2 expression was elevated in SJZ-treated SGC7901 cells and knocking-down CMTM2 expression partially hampered the inhibitory effects of SJZ on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells. Moreover, SJZ treatment repressed the spheroid and colony-forming capacity in GC cells, accompanied by downregulation of stem cell markers including SOX2, NANOG, and CD44. CMTM2 knockdown antagonized the effects of SJZ on the cancer stem cell-like properties of SGC7901 cells. Thus, SJZ effectively suppressed the proliferation, migration, invasion, and cancer stem cell-like properties of GC cells in vitro by upregulating CMTM2 expression.
Collapse
|
8
|
Chang PY, Bakke J, Rosen CJ, Bjornstad KA, Mao JH, Blakely EA. Heavy-Ion-Induced Lung Tumors: Dose- & LET-Dependence. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12060907. [PMID: 35743938 PMCID: PMC9225356 DOI: 10.3390/life12060907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There is a limited published literature reporting dose-dependent data for in vivo tumorigenesis prevalence in different organs of various rodent models after exposure to low, single doses of charged particle beams. The goal of this study is to reduce uncertainties in estimating particle-radiation-induced risk of lung tumorigenesis for manned travel into deep space by improving our understanding of the high-LET-dependent dose-response from exposure to individual ion beams after low particle doses (0.03–0.80 Gy). Female CB6F1 mice were irradiated with low single doses of either oxygen, silicon, titanium, or iron ions at various energies to cover a range of dose-averaged LET values from 0.2–193 keV/µm, using 137Cs γ-rays as the reference radiation. Sham-treated controls were included in each individual experiment totally 398 animals across the 5 studies reported. Based on power calculations, between 40–156 mice were included in each of the treatment groups. Tumor prevalence at 16 months after radiation exposure was determined and compared to the age-matched, sham-treated animals. Results indicate that lung tumor prevalence is non-linear as a function of dose with suggestions of threshold doses depending on the LET of the beams. Histopathological evaluations of the tumors showed that the majority of tumors were benign bronchioloalveolar adenomas with occasional carcinomas or lymphosarcomas which may have resulted from metastases from other sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Polly Y. Chang
- Biosciences Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (P.Y.C.); (J.B.)
| | - James Bakke
- Biosciences Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (P.Y.C.); (J.B.)
| | - Chris J. Rosen
- Biological Systems & Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (C.J.R.); (K.A.B.); (J.-H.M.)
| | - Kathleen A. Bjornstad
- Biological Systems & Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (C.J.R.); (K.A.B.); (J.-H.M.)
| | - Jian-Hua Mao
- Biological Systems & Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (C.J.R.); (K.A.B.); (J.-H.M.)
| | - Eleanor A. Blakely
- Biological Systems & Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (C.J.R.); (K.A.B.); (J.-H.M.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yeh YC, Lawal B, Hsiao M, Huang TH, Huang CYF. Identification of NSP3 ( SH2D3C) as a Prognostic Biomarker of Tumor Progression and Immune Evasion for Lung Cancer and Evaluation of Organosulfur Compounds from Allium sativum L. as Therapeutic Candidates. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1582. [PMID: 34829812 PMCID: PMC8615911 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The multi-domain non-structural protein 3 (NSP3) is an oncogenic molecule that has been concomitantly implicated in the progression of coronavirus infection. However, its oncological role in lung cancer and whether it plays a role in modulating the tumor immune microenvironment is not properly understood. In the present in silico study, we demonstrated that NSP3 (SH2D3C) is associated with advanced stage and poor prognoses of lung cancer cohorts. Genetic alterations of NSP3 (SH2D3C) co-occurred inversely with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) alterations and elicited its pathological role via modulation of various components of the immune and inflammatory pathways in lung cancer. Our correlation analysis suggested that NSP3 (SH2D3C) promotes tumor immune evasion via dysfunctional T-cell phenotypes and T-cell exclusion mechanisms in lung cancer patients. NSP3 (SH2D3C) demonstrated a high predictive value and association with therapy resistance in lung cancer, hence serving as an attractive target for therapy exploration. We evaluated the in silico drug-likeness and NSP3 (SH2D3C) target efficacy of six organosulfur small molecules from Allium sativum using a molecular docking study. We found that the six organosulfur compounds demonstrated selective cytotoxic potential against cancer cell lines and good predictions for ADMET properties, drug-likeness, and safety profile. E-ajoene, alliin, diallyl sulfide, 2-vinyl-4H-1,3-dithiin, allicin, and S-allyl-cysteine docked well into the NSP3 (SH2D3C)-binding cavity with binding affinities ranging from -4.3~-6.70 Ă and random forest (RF) scores ranging from 4.31~5.26 pKd. However, S-allyl-cysteine interaction with NSP3 (SH2D3C) is unfavorable and hence less susceptible to NSP3 ligandability. In conclusion, our study revealed that NSP3 is an important onco-immunological biomarker encompassing the tumor microenvironment, disease staging and prognosis in lung cancer and could serve as an attractive target for cancer therapy. The organosulfur compounds from A. sativum have molecular properties to efficiently interact with the binding site of NSP3 and are currently under vigorous preclinical study in our laboratory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Chieh Yeh
- Program in Molecular Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 20401, Taiwan
| | - Bashir Lawal
- PhD Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology & Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115201, Taiwan;
| | - Tse-Hung Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 20401, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department & Graduate Institute of Chemical Engineering & Graduate Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ying F. Huang
- Program in Molecular Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dzobo K, Dandara C. Architecture of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Tumor Microenvironment: Mapping Their Origins, Heterogeneity, and Role in Cancer Therapy Resistance. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2021; 24:314-339. [PMID: 32496970 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2020.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The tumor stroma, a key component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), is a key determinant of response and resistance to cancer treatment. The stromal cells, extracellular matrix (ECM), and blood vessels influence cancer cell response to therapy and play key roles in tumor relapse and therapeutic outcomes. Of the stromal cells present in the TME, much attention has been given to cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) as they are the most abundant and important in cancer initiation, progression, and therapy resistance. Besides releasing several factors, CAFs also synthesize the ECM, a key component of the tumor stroma. In this expert review, we examine the role of CAFs in the regulation of tumor cell behavior and reveal how CAF-derived factors and signaling influence tumor cell heterogeneity and development of novel strategies to combat cancer. Importantly, CAFs display both phenotypic and functional heterogeneity, with significant ramifications on CAF-directed therapies. Principal anti-cancer therapies targeting CAFs take the form of: (1) CAFs' ablation through use of immunotherapies, (2) re-education of CAFs to normalize the cells, (3) cellular therapies involving CAFs delivering drugs such as oncolytic adenoviruses, and (4) stromal depletion via targeting the ECM and its related signaling. The CAFs' heterogeneity could be a result of different cellular origins and the cancer-specific tumor microenvironmental effects, underscoring the need for further multiomics and biochemical studies on CAFs and the subsets. Lastly, we present recent advances in therapeutic targeting of CAFs and the success of such endeavors or their lack thereof. We recommend that to advance global public health and personalized medicine, treatments in the oncology clinic should be combinatorial in nature, strategically targeting both cancer cells and stromal cells, and their interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Dzobo
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town, South Africa.,Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Collet Dandara
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu L, Tao T, Liu S, Yang X, Chen X, Liang J, Hong R, Wang W, Yang Y, Li X, Zhang Y, Li Q, Liang S, Yu H, Wu Y, Guo X, Lai Y, Ding X, Guan H, Wu J, Zhu X, Yuan J, Li J, Su S, Li M, Cai X, Cai J, Tian H. An RFC4/Notch1 signaling feedback loop promotes NSCLC metastasis and stemness. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2693. [PMID: 33976158 PMCID: PMC8113560 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22971-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling represents a key mechanism mediating cancer metastasis and stemness. To understand how Notch signaling is overactivated to couple tumor metastasis and self-renewal in NSCLC cells, we performed the current study and showed that RFC4, a DNA replication factor amplified in more than 40% of NSCLC tissues, directly binds to the Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD1) to competitively abrogate CDK8/FBXW7-mediated degradation of NICD1. Moreover, RFC4 is a functional transcriptional target gene of Notch1 signaling, forming a positive feedback loop between high RFC4 and NICD1 levels and sustained overactivation of Notch signaling, which not only leads to NSCLC tumorigenicity and metastasis but also confers NSCLC cell resistance to treatment with the clinically tested drug DAPT against NICD1 synthesis. Furthermore, together with our study, analysis of two public datasets involving more than 1500 NSCLC patients showed that RFC4 gene amplification, and high RFC4 and NICD1 levels were tightly correlated with NSCLC metastasis, progression and poor patient prognosis. Therefore, our study characterizes the pivotal roles of the positive feedback loop between RFC4 and NICD1 in coupling NSCLC metastasis and stemness properties and suggests its therapeutic and diagnostic/prognostic potential for NSCLC therapy.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- A549 Cells
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/therapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Feedback, Physiological
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/therapy
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Receptor, Notch1/genetics
- Receptor, Notch1/metabolism
- Replication Protein C/genetics
- Replication Protein C/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays/methods
- Mice
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tianyu Tao
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shihua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuwei Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaer Liang
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruohui Hong
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenting Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyi Li
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youhong Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quanfeng Li
- Cancer Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shujun Liang
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haocheng Yu
- Guangzhou No. 2 High School, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Guo
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofan Ding
- Department of Surgery at the Sir YK Pao Centre for Cancer, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongyu Guan
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jueheng Wu
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shicheng Su
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengfeng Li
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Cancer Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuyu Cai
- Department of General Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Junchao Cai
- Department of Immunology, Sun Yat-sen University Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Han Tian
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Brouns I, Verckist L, Pintelon I, Timmermans JP, Adriaensen D. Pulmonary Sensory Receptors. ADVANCES IN ANATOMY EMBRYOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY 2021; 233:1-65. [PMID: 33950466 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-65817-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Inge Brouns
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen (Wilrijk), Belgium.
| | - Line Verckist
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen (Wilrijk), Belgium
| | - Isabel Pintelon
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen (Wilrijk), Belgium
| | - Jean-Pierre Timmermans
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen (Wilrijk), Belgium
| | - Dirk Adriaensen
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen (Wilrijk), Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Masciale V, Banchelli F, Grisendi G, D’Amico R, Maiorana A, Stefani A, Morandi U, Dominici M, Aramini B. New Perspectives in Different Gene Expression Profiles for Early and Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Stem Cells. Front Oncol 2021; 11:613198. [PMID: 33868998 PMCID: PMC8047623 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.613198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, causing over 1.7 million deaths in 2018. Thus far, no effective treatments against lung cancer for advanced stages have been found. For early stages, although surgery is considered the gold standard treatment, 30-55% of patients develop recurrence within the first 5 years of surgery. Our aim is to assess whether cancer stem cells (CSC) display overexpression of a pool of genes that were previously identified for adenocarcinoma recurrence in patients with early and locally advanced stages of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out by harvesting surgical tumor specimens obtained from patients harboring early (I-II) and locally advanced (IIIA) stages of NSCLC. For each patient, cell sorting was performed to identify and isolate the ALDHhigh (CSC) and ALDHlow (cancer cells) populations. The mRNA expressions of 31 recurrence-related genes (target genes) in both ALDHhigh and ALDHlow populations were then assessed and compared. RESULTS Surgical specimens were obtained from 22 patients harboring NSCLC. Sixteen (51.6%) out of 31 recurrence-related genes were significantly overexpressed in ALDHhigh cells in the early stages and 9 (29.0%) were overexpressed in the locally advanced stages of NSCLC. Overall, the relative mRNA expressions for these recurrence-related genes were higher in early-stage patients. The average fold change, considering all 31 recurrence-related genes together, was 4.5 (95% CI = 3.1-6.3) in early-stage patients and 1.6 (95% CI = 1.2-2.2) in locally advanced-stage patients. CONCLUSIONS Our study represents the first attempt toward identifying genes associated with recurrence that are overexpressed in cancer stem cells in patients with early and locally advanced stages of NSCLC. This finding may contribute to the identification of new target therapies tailored for NSCLC stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Masciale
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Federico Banchelli
- Center of Statistic, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Grisendi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Roberto D’Amico
- Center of Statistic, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Antonino Maiorana
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Pathology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Stefani
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Uliano Morandi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Beatrice Aramini
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li J, Wang J, Xie D, Pei Q, Wan X, Xing H, Ye T. Characteristics of the PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK pathways involved in the maintenance of self-renewal in lung cancer stem-like cells. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:1191-1202. [PMID: 33867839 PMCID: PMC8040472 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.57871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide due to its early asymptomatic and late metastasis. While cancer stem cells (CSCs) may play a vital role in oncogenesis and development of lung cancer, mechanisms underlying CSCs self-renewal remain less clear. In the present study, we constructed a clinically relevant CSCs enrichment recognition model and evaluated the potential functions of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway (PI3K/AKT) and mitogen-activated protein kinases/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) pathways in lung cancer via bioinformatic analysis, providing the basis for in depth mechanistic inquisition. Experimentally, we confirmed that PI3K/AKT pathway predominantly promotes proliferation through anti-apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma cells, while MAPK/ERK pathway has an overwhelming superiority in regulating the proliferation in lung CSCs. Further, utilizing stemness score model, LLC-Symmetric Division (LLC-SD) cells and mouse orthotopic lung transplantation model, we elucidated an intricate cross-talk between the oncogenic pathway and the stem cell reprograming pathway that impact stem cell characteristics as well as cancer biology features of lung CSCs both in vitro and in vivo. In summary, our findings uncovered a new insight that PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK pathways as oncogenic signaling pathway and/or stem cell signaling pathway act distinctively and synergistically to regulate lung CSCs self-renewal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianyu Wang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Pei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue Wan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - H.Rosie Xing
- College of Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Ye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Functional Exploration of the Pulmonary NEB ME. ADVANCES IN ANATOMY, EMBRYOLOGY, AND CELL BIOLOGY 2021; 233:31-67. [PMID: 33950469 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-65817-5_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
16
|
Li F, Hu Q, He T, Xu J, Yi Y, Xie S, Ding L, Fu M, Guo R, Xiao ZXJ, Niu M. The Deubiquitinase USP4 Stabilizes Twist1 Protein to Promote Lung Cancer Cell Stemness. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061582. [PMID: 32549341 PMCID: PMC7352958 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a pivotal role in tumor development, drug resistance, metastasis and recurrence of lung cancer. Thus, it is of great importance to study the mechanism by which CSCs are regulated. In this study, we demonstrate that the deubiquitinase USP4 is critically important in promoting lung cancer stemness. Silencing of USP4 leads to reduction of Oct4 and Sox2 expression, decreased CD133+ cell population and inhibition of tumorsphere formation. Conversely, ectopic expression of USP4 significantly enhances lung cancer cell stemness, which is effectively rescued by simultaneous silencing of Twist1. Mechanistically, we identified USP4 as a novel deubiquitinase of Twist1. USP4 binds to, deubiquitinates and stabilizes Twist1 protein. Furthermore, we show that USP4 expression is elevated in human lung cancer specimens and is positively correlated with Twist1 expression. High expression of USP4/Twist1 is associated with poor clinical outcomes of lung cancer patients. Together, this study highlights an important role for USP4 in lung cancer stemness and suggests USP4 as a potential target for lung cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhi-Xiong Jim Xiao
- Correspondence: (Z.-X.J.X.); (M.N.); Tel./Fax: +86-28-8541-0034 (Z.-X.J.X.)
| | - Mengmeng Niu
- Correspondence: (Z.-X.J.X.); (M.N.); Tel./Fax: +86-28-8541-0034 (Z.-X.J.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Huang C, Yoon C, Zhou XH, Zhou YC, Zhou WW, Liu H, Yang X, Lu J, Lee SY, Huang K. ERK1/2-Nanog signaling pathway enhances CD44(+) cancer stem-like cell phenotypes and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:266. [PMID: 32327629 PMCID: PMC7181750 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2448-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) harbor a subset of cells that are CD44(+) and present with malignancy and radiotherapy resistance. As a key regulator of self-renewal, Nanog expression not only determines cell fate in pluripotent cells but also mediates tumorigenesis in cancer cells; thus, we examined the role of Nanog in CD44(+) HNSCC. Three HNSCC cell lines, tumor xenografts, and patient tumors were examined. Nanog levels were significantly higher in CD44(+) HNSCC spheroids than in CD44(-) spheroids, and further increased when grown as spheroids to enrich for CSCs. CD44(+) spheroids showed a 3.4-7.5-fold increase in migration and invasion compared with CD44(-) spheroids and were resistant to radiation therapy, which was reversed by inhibiting Nanog. Nanog knockdown also decreased spheroid formation by 66.5-68.8%. Moreover, a phosphokinase array identified upregulated ERK1/2 signaling in CD44(+) HNSCC cells compared with that in CD44(-) cells. ERK1/2 signaling was found to regulate Nanog expression, aiding tumor progression, metastasis, and radiotherapy resistance. In xenograft models, the combination of radiation and Nanog or ERK1/2 inhibition inhibited tumor growth by 75.6% and 79.1%, respectively. In lung metastasis models, CD44(+) cells injected into the tail vein of mice led to significantly more lung metastases and higher Nanog expression level compared with that by ERK1/2-knockdown CD44(+) cells. Finally, in tumor tissues, CD44 and Nanog expression levels were correlated with tumorigenesis in HNSCC patients. Thus, targeting Nanog and the ERK1/2 signaling pathway may prevent or reverse CSC phenotypes and epithelial-mesenchymal transition that drive tumor progression, metastasis, and radiotherapy resistance in HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Changhwan Yoon
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiao-Hong Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying-Chun Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen-Wen Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Province, Chongqing, China
| | - Sei Young Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Triana-Martínez F, Loza MI, Domínguez E. Beyond Tumor Suppression: Senescence in Cancer Stemness and Tumor Dormancy. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020346. [PMID: 32028565 PMCID: PMC7072600 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we provide an overview of the importance of cellular fate in cancer as a group of diseases of abnormal cell growth. Tumor development and progression is a highly dynamic process, with several phases of evolution. The existing evidence about the origin and consequences of cancer cell fate specification (e.g., proliferation, senescence, stemness, dormancy, quiescence, and cell cycle re-entry) in the context of tumor formation and metastasis is discussed. The interplay between these dynamic tumor cell phenotypes, the microenvironment, and the immune system is also reviewed in relation to cancer. We focus on the role of senescence during cancer progression, with a special emphasis on its relationship with stemness and dormancy. Selective interventions on senescence and dormancy cell fates, including the specific targeting of cancer cell populations to prevent detrimental effects in aging and disease, are also reviewed. A new conceptual framework about the impact of synthetic lethal strategies by using senogenics and then senolytics is given, with the promise of future directions on innovative anticancer therapies.
Collapse
|
19
|
D’Alterio C, Scala S, Sozzi G, Roz L, Bertolini G. Paradoxical effects of chemotherapy on tumor relapse and metastasis promotion. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 60:351-361. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
20
|
Masciale V, Grisendi G, Banchelli F, D'Amico R, Maiorana A, Sighinolfi P, Stefani A, Morandi U, Dominici M, Aramini B. Isolation and Identification of Cancer Stem-Like Cells in Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung: A Pilot Study. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1394. [PMID: 31921651 PMCID: PMC6930193 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lung cancer stem cells (CSCs) share many characteristics with normal stem cells, such as self-renewal and multipotentiality. High expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) has been detected in many tumors, particularly in the CSC compartment, and it plays an important role in tumor proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance. CD44 is commonly used as a cell surface marker of cancer stem-like cells in epithelial tumors. The aim of this study was to isolate and analyze cancer stem-like cells from surgically removed specimens to compare lung adenocarcinoma (ADENO) and squamous (SQUAMO) cell carcinoma. Methods: The ALDEFLUOR assay was used to identify and sort ALDHhigh and ALDHlow human lung cancer cells following tissue digestion. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis for CD44 was performed with tumor cells. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to assess the expression of SOX2 and NANOG as stemness markers. ALDH1A1 expression was additionally determined by immunohistochemistry. Anchorage-independent ALDHhigh cell growth was also evaluated. ALDHhigh ADENO and SQUAMO cells were cultured to analyze spheroid formation. Results: All specimens contained 0.5-12.5% ALDHhigh cells with 3.8-18.9% CD44-positive cells. SOX2 and NANOG relative expression in ALDHhigh compared to ALDHlow cells in ADENO and SQUAMO was analyzed and compared between the histotypes. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of ALDH1A1 in the sections. SOX2 and NANOG were expressed at higher levels in the ALDHhigh subpopulation than in the ALDHlow subpopulation only in ADENO cells, and the opposite result was seen in SQUAMO cells. In vitro functional assays demonstrated that ALDHhigh cells exhibited migration capacity with distinct behaviors between ALDHhigh spheres in ADENO vs. SQUAMO samples. Conclusions: Our results highlight the importance of a better characterization of cancer stem-like cells in ADENO and SQUAMO histotypes. This may suggest new differential approaches for prognostic and therapeutic purposes in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Masciale
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Grisendi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Rigenerand SRL, Modena, Italy
| | - Federico Banchelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, Center of Medical Statistic, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Roberto D'Amico
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, Center of Medical Statistic, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Antonino Maiorana
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, Institute of Pathology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Pamela Sighinolfi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, Institute of Pathology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Stefani
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Uliano Morandi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Beatrice Aramini
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yue C, Ma H, Zhou Y. Identification of prognostic gene signature associated with microenvironment of lung adenocarcinoma. PeerJ 2019; 7:e8128. [PMID: 31803536 PMCID: PMC6886493 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer has the highest morbidity and mortality worldwide, and lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) is the most common pathological subtype. Accumulating evidence suggests the tumor microenvironment (TME) is correlated with the tumor progress and the patient’s outcome. As the major components of TME, the tumor-infiltrated immune cells and stromal cells have attracted more and more attention. In this study, differentially expressed immune and stromal signature genes were used to construct a TME-related prognostic model for predicting the outcomes of LADC patients. Methods The expression profiles of LADC samples with clinical information were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to the TME of LADC were identified using TCGA dataset by Wilcoxon rank sum test. The prognostic effects of TME-related DEGs were analyzed using univariate Cox regression. Then, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was performed to reduce the overfit and the number of genes for further analysis. Next, the prognostic model was constructed by step multivariate Cox regression and risk score of each sample was calculated. Then, survival and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses were conducted to validate the model using TCGA and GEO datasets, respectively. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis of gene signature was performed using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Finally, the overall immune status, tumor purity and the expression profiles of HLA genes of high- and low-risk samples was further analyzed to reveal the potential mechanisms of prognostic effects of the model. Results A total of 93 TME-related DEGs were identified, of which 23 DEGs were up-regulated and 70 DEGs were down-regulated. The univariate cox analysis indicated that 23 DEGs has the prognostic effects, the hazard ratio ranged from 0.65 to 1.25 (p < 0.05). Then, seven genes were screened out from the 23 DEGs by LASSO regression method and were further analyzed by step multivariate Cox regression. Finally, a three-gene (ADAM12, Bruton Tyrosine Kinase (BTK), ERG) signature was constructed, and ADAM12, BTK can be used as independent prognostic factors. The three-gene signature well stratified the LADC patients in both training (TCGA) and testing (GEO) datasets as high-risk and low-risk groups, the 3-year area under curve (AUC) of ROC curves of three GEO sets were 0.718 (GSE3141), 0.646 (GSE30219) and 0.643 (GSE50081). The GSEA analysis indicated that highly expressed ADAM12, BTK, ERG mainly correlated with the activation of pathways involving in focal adhesion, immune regulation. The immune analysis indicated that the low-risk group has more immune activities and higher expression of HLA genes than that of the high-risk group. In sum, we identified and constructed a three TME-related DEGs signature, which could be used to predict the prognosis of LADC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yue
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Hongtao Ma
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yubai Zhou
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang Z, Li Y, Zhan S, Zhang L, Zhang S, Tang Q, Li M, Tan Z, Liu S, Xing X. SMAD4 Y353C promotes the progression of PDAC. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1037. [PMID: 31684910 PMCID: PMC6829834 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6251-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background SMAD4 is frequently inactivated and associated with a poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Abnormal SMAD4 expression also plays an important role in the malignant progression of PDAC. Methods We investigated SMAD4 status in PDAC by immunohistochemical methods to explore the relationships between SMAD4 expression and clinicopathological features and then detected SMAD4 mutations by Sanger sequencing in 95 patients with PDAC to identify new mutation sites in PDAC. We further evaluated the effects of a missense mutation, Y353C, in the SMAD4 MH2 domain, on cell proliferation and migration in vitro. Results Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of SMAD4 in PDAC carcinoma tissue was significantly lower than that in normal pancreatic tissue, and negative SMAD4 expression was closely related to tumour diameter, staging, lymph node metastasis and differentiation. Sanger sequencing analysis showed that the rate of SMAD4 mutation was 11.8% in 85 PDAC cases, and the novel SMAD4 Y353C missense mutation identified in this study promoted cell migration and invasion without affecting cell proliferation in vitro. Furthermore, SMAD4 Y353C resulted in reduced expression of E-cadherin and increased expression of Vimentin compared with wild-type SMAD4 overexpression. Conclusion This study supports the key role of SMAD4 as a tumour suppressor gene in PDAC and shows that SMAD4 Y353C is associated with poor progression of PDAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zusen Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongxing Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shixiong Zhan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Tang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhen Tan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shiguo Liu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Xiaoming Xing
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kahroba H, Shirmohamadi M, Hejazi MS, Samadi N. The Role of Nrf2 signaling in cancer stem cells: From stemness and self-renewal to tumorigenesis and chemoresistance. Life Sci 2019; 239:116986. [PMID: 31678283 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are subpopulation of tumor mass with exclusive abilities in self-renewing, stemness maintaining, and differentiation into the various non-stem cancer cells to provoke tumorigenesis, metastasis dissemination, drug-resistant, and cancer recurrence. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) impair cellular function by oxidizing cell components containing proteins, lipids, and DNA. Tumor oxidant status is elevated due to high metabolic activity under influence of abnormal growth factors, cytokines and function ROS-producing enzymes, including nitric oxide synthases, cyclooxygenases, and lipoxygenases. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcriptional master regulator element which is believed to recognize cellular oxidative stress followed by binding to promoter of cyto-protective and anti-oxidative genes to maintain cellular redox status through promoting antioxidant response participants (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, thioredoxin reductase, ferritin, NADPH: quinone oxidoreductase 1). However, Nrf2 signaling protects malignant cells from ROS damage against tumor growth and chemoresistance. In addition, Nrf2 is able to participate in differentiation of certain stem cells by modulating autophagy procedure, also NRF2 provokes DNA damage response and facilitates drug metabolism and drug resistance by controlling of downstream enzyme and transporter members. In this review, we discuss the role of NRF2 in stemness, self-renewal ability, tumorigenesis and chemoresistance of CSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Houman Kahroba
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Students Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoud Shirmohamadi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saeid Hejazi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasser Samadi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang Y, Zhong Y, Hou T, Liao J, Zhang C, Sun C, Wang G. PM2.5 induces EMT and promotes CSC properties by activating Notch pathway in vivo and vitro. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 178:159-167. [PMID: 31002970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been closely linked to increased morbidity and mortality of lung cancer worldwide. However, the role of PM2.5 in the etiology of lung cancer and the mechanism involved in PM2.5 induced lung cancer are largely unknown. In this study, we performed chronic exposure animal model to investigate the carcinogenetic mechanisms of PM2.5 by targeting the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells (CSC) properties through Notch1 signal pathway. The antagonism of Notch1 signal pathway was carried out in vitro cell lines of A549 and BEAS-2B to block EMT and CSC. We found that chronic PM2.5 exposure mice lung tissue pathology showed atypical hyperplasia of bronchiolar epithelium. Then, we discovered that chronic PM2.5 exposure induced notable EMT event and obvious CSC properties indicating the developing process of cell malignant behaviors. EMT characterized with decreased protein expression of E-cadherin and increased protein expression of Vimentin. CSC properties induced by chronic PM2.5 exposure characterized with increased cell-surface markers (ABCG2 and ALDH1A1) and self-renewal genes (SOX2 and OCT4). Furthermore, PM2.5 exposure activate Notch signal pathway by increasing expression of Notch1 and Hes1. At last, we blocked Notch signal pathway by inhibitor RO4929097 in vitro to explore the underlying mechanism mediating PM2.5 induced EMT and CSC. We found that blocking Notch1 could prevent PM2.5 induced malignant behaviors including EMT and CSC in A549 and BEAS-2B. These data revealed that the induction of EMT and CSC properties were involved in the lung cancer risk of PM2.5 in vivo, and blocking-up Notch1 may negatively regulate EMT and CSC to suppress the invasion and migration in vitro, thereby putatively serving as a novel therapeutic target for PM2.5 induced lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Yijue Zhong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Tianfang Hou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Jiping Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Guangfa Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hou J, Liu H, Zhang S, Liu X, Hayat T, Alsaedi A, Wang X. Mechanism of toxic effects of Nano-ZnO on cell cycle of zebrafish (Danio rerio). CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 229:206-213. [PMID: 31078877 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The release of nano-zinc oxide (nano-ZnO) into the environment may lead to unpredictable risks, thus it is necessary to study its potential harm to organisms. In this study, zebrafish exposed to nano-ZnO were analyzed through cDNA microarrays to provide insight into the toxic effect of nano-ZnO on aquatic organisms at the molecular level. Results found that nano-ZnO inhibited the normal growth and development of zebrafish and other life activities by affecting the process of cell cycle. The nano-ZnO inhibited the expression of the cyclins (Cycs), cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) and the minichromosome maintenance (MCM), making the activation of Cyc/CDK complexs (CycD/CDK4, 6; CycE/CDK2; CycA/CDK2) and MCM fail and resulting in DNA replication disorder in different periods (G1, M and G2 phase). Therefore, the normal activities of individual organism such as cell division, differentiation and proliferation and the functions of DNA binding and intracellular transfer were disturbed. These findings contribute to our understanding of the toxicity of ZnO NPs to aquatic organisms, and also provide an evaluation basis for assessing the environmental impact of nano materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, PR China
| | - Haiqiang Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, PR China
| | - Siyi Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, PR China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Tasawar Hayat
- NAAM Research Group, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alsaedi
- NAAM Research Group, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiangke Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Biava PM, Burigana F, Germano R, Kurian P, Verzegnassi C, Vitiello G. Stem Cell Differentiation Stage Factors and their Role in Triggering Symmetry Breaking Processes during Cancer Development: A Quantum Field Theory Model for Reprogramming Cancer Cells to Healthy Phenotypes. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:988-1001. [PMID: 28933288 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170920142609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A long history of research has pursued the use of embryonic factors isolated during cell differentiation processes for the express purpose of transforming cancer cells back to healthy phenotypes. Recent results have clarified that the substances present at different stages of cell differentiation-which we call stem cell differentiation stage factors (SCDSFs)-are proteins with low molecular weight and nucleic acids that regulate genomic expression. The present review summarizes how these substances, taken at different stages of cellular maturation, are able to retard proliferation of many human tumor cell lines and thereby reprogram cancer cells to healthy phenotypes. The model presented here is a quantum field theory (QFT) model in which SCDSFs are able to trigger symmetry breaking processes during cancer development. These symmetry breaking processes, which lie at the root of many phenomena in elementary particle physics and condensed matter physics, govern the phase transitions of totipotent cells to higher degrees of diversity and order, resulting in cell differentiation. In cancers, which share many genomic and metabolic similarities with embryonic stem cells, stimulated redifferentiation often signifies the phenotypic reversion back to health and nonproliferation. In addition to acting on key components of the cellular cycle, SCDSFs are able to reprogram cancer cells by delicately influencing the cancer microenvironment, modulating the electrochemistry and thus the collective electrodynamic behaviors between dipole networks in biomacromolecules and the interstitial water field. Coherent effects in biological water, which are derived from a dissipative QFT framework, may offer new diagnostic and therapeutic targets at a systemic level, before tumor instantiation occurs in specific tissues or organs. Thus, by including the environment as an essential component of our model, we may push the prevailing paradigm of mutation-driven oncogenesis toward a closer description of reality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P M Biava
- Scientific Institute of Research and Care Multimedica, Via Milanese 300 Sesto S. G., Milano, Italy
| | - F Burigana
- Associazione Medicina e Complessita, Trieste, Italy
| | - R Germano
- PROMETE_CNR Spin off, Piazzale V. Tecchio, 45, Napoli, Italy
| | - P Kurian
- Quantum Biology Laboratory, Howard University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - C Verzegnassi
- Politecnico di Ingegneria e Architettura, Universita di Udine, Udine, Italy and Associazione Medicina e Complessita, Trieste, Italy
| | - G Vitiello
- Dipartimento di Fisica "E.R.Caianiello" and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Universita di Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Long-Term Health Effects and Underlying Biological Mechanisms of Developmental Exposure to Arsenic. Curr Environ Health Rep 2019; 5:134-144. [PMID: 29411302 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-018-0184-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) via drinking water represents a significant global public health threat with chronic exposure associated with cancer, skin lesions, neurological impairment, and cardiovascular diseases. Particularly susceptible populations include the developing fetus and young children. This review summarizes some of the critical studies of the long-term health effects and underlying biological mechanisms related to developmental exposure to arsenic. It also highlights the complex factors, such as the sex of the exposed individual, that contribute to susceptibility to the later life health effects of iAs. RECENT FINDINGS Studies in animal models, as well as human population-based studies, have established that prenatal and early life iAs exposures are associated with long-term effects, and many of these effects display sexually dimorphic responses. As an underlying molecular basis, recent epidemiologic and toxicologic studies have demonstrated that changes to the epigenome may play a key mechanistic role underlying many of the iAs-associated health outcomes. Developmental exposure to iAs results in early and later life health effects. Mechanisms underlying these outcomes are likely complex, and include disrupted key biological pathways with ties to the epigenome. This highlights the importance of continued research, particularly in animal models, to elucidate the important underpinnings (e.g., timing of exposure, metabolism, dose) of these complex health outcomes and to identify the biological mechanisms underlying sexual dimorphism in iAs-associated diseases. Future research should investigate preventative strategies for the protection from the detrimental health endpoints associated with early life exposure to iAs. Such strategies could include potential interventions focused on dietary supplementation for example the adoption of a folate-rich diet.
Collapse
|
28
|
Integrative Genomic Analyses Identifies GGA2 as a Cooperative Driver of EGFR-Mediated Lung Tumorigenesis. J Thorac Oncol 2018; 14:656-671. [PMID: 30578931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Targeted therapies for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have improved patient outcomes; however, drug resistance remains a major problem. One strategy to achieve durable response is to develop combination-based therapies that target both mutated oncogenes and key modifiers of oncogene-driven tumorigenesis. This is based on the premise that mutated oncogenes, although necessary, are not sufficient for malignant transformation. We aimed to uncover genetic alterations that cooperate with mutant EGFR during LUAD development. METHODS We performed integrative genomic analyses, combining copy number, gene expression and mutational information for over 500 LUAD tumors. Co-immunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis were performed in LUAD cell lines to confirm candidate interactions while RNA interference and gene overexpression were used for in vitro and in vivo functional assessment. RESULTS We identified frequent amplifications/deletions of chromosomal regions affecting the activity of genes specifically in the context of EGFR mutation, including amplification of the mutant EGFR allele and deletion of dual specificity phosphatase 4 (DUSP4), which have both previously been reported. In addition, we identified the novel amplification of a segment of chromosome arm 16p in mutant-EGFR tumors corresponding to increased expression of Golgi Associated, Gamma Adaptin Ear Containing, ARF Binding Protein 2 (GGA2), which functions in protein trafficking and sorting. We found that GGA2 interacts with EGFR, increases EGFR protein levels and modifies EGFR degradation after ligand stimulation. Furthermore, we show that overexpression of GGA2 enhances EGFR mediated transformation while GGA2 knockdown reduces the colony and tumor forming ability of EGFR mutant LUAD. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that overexpression of GGA2 in LUAD tumors results in the accumulation of EGFR protein and increased EGFR signaling, which helps drive tumor progression. Thus, GGA2 plays a cooperative role with EGFR during LUAD development and is a potential therapeutic target for combination-based strategies in LUAD.
Collapse
|
29
|
Li Y, Yu WK, Chen L, Chan YS, Liu D, Fong CC, Xu T, Zhu G, Sun D, Yang M. Electrotaxis of tumor-initiating cells of H1975 lung adenocarcinoma cells is associated with both activation of stretch-activated cation channels (SACCs) and internal calcium release. Bioelectrochemistry 2018; 124:80-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
30
|
Verckist L, Pintelon I, Timmermans JP, Brouns I, Adriaensen D. Selective activation and proliferation of a quiescent stem cell population in the neuroepithelial body microenvironment. Respir Res 2018; 19:207. [PMID: 30367659 PMCID: PMC6203996 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0915-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The microenvironment (ME) of neuroepithelial bodies (NEBs) harbors densely innervated groups of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells that are covered by Clara-like cells (CLCs) and is believed to be important during development and for adult airway epithelial repair after severe injury. Yet, little is known about its potential stem cell characteristics in healthy postnatal lungs. METHODS Transient mild lung inflammation was induced in mice via a single low-dose intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), collected 16 h after LPS instillation, was used to challenge the NEB ME in ex vivo lung slices of control mice. Proliferating cells in the NEB ME were identified and quantified following simultaneous LPS instillation and BrdU injection. RESULTS The applied LPS protocol induced very mild and transient lung injury. Challenge of lung slices with BALF of LPS-treated mice resulted in selective Ca2+-mediated activation of CLCs in the NEB ME of control mice. Forty-eight hours after LPS challenge, a remarkably selective and significant increase in the number of divided (BrdU-labeled) cells surrounding NEBs was observed in lung sections of LPS-challenged mice. Proliferating cells were identified as CLCs. CONCLUSIONS A highly reproducible and minimally invasive lung inflammation model was validated for inducing selective activation of a quiescent stem cell population in the NEB ME. The model creates new opportunities for unraveling the cellular mechanisms/pathways regulating silencing, activation, proliferation and differentiation of this unique postnatal airway epithelial stem cell population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Line Verckist
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Isabel Pintelon
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Jean-Pierre Timmermans
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Inge Brouns
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Dirk Adriaensen
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerpen, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Jiang P, Xu C, Chen L, Chen A, Wu X, Zhou M, Haq IU, Mariyam Z, Feng Q. EGCG inhibits CSC-like properties through targeting miR-485/CD44 axis in A549-cisplatin resistant cells. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:1835-1844. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Chuyue Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Aochang Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Xiaoyue Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Ijaz ul Haq
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Zahula Mariyam
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Qing Feng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Cao S, Wang Z, Gao X, He W, Cai Y, Chen H, Xu R. FOXC1 induces cancer stem cell-like properties through upregulation of beta-catenin in NSCLC. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:220. [PMID: 30189871 PMCID: PMC6127900 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0894-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence suggests that cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a critical role in tumor initiation, progression and therapy, and recent studies have indicated that Forkhead box C1 (FOXC1) is strongly associated with CSCs. This study investigates the regulatory effects of FOXC1 on CSC-like properties in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods We analyzed FOXC1 expression in NSCLC using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database on UALCANC and performed survival analyses of NSCLC patients on Human Protein Atlas. CSC-like properties were analyzed based on CSC marker-positive cell population, self-renewal ability, stemness-related gene expression, tumorigenicity and drug resistance. The percentage of CD133+ cells was analyzed by flow cytometric analysis. Self-renewal ability was detected by sphere-formation analysis. Real-time PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemical staining were employed to detect mRNA and protein levels. Tumorigenicity was determined based on a xenograft formation assay, and effects of FOXC1 on drug resistance were assessed by cell viability and apoptosis assays. Luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were used to investigate the binding of FOXC1 to beta-catenin promoter. Results FOXC1 expression was found to be elevated in NSCLC tissues and negatively correlated with patient survival. FOXC1 knockdown reduced CD133+ cell percentage, suppressed self-renewal ability, decreased expression of stemness-related genes (Oct4, NANOG, SOX2 and ABCG2) and inhibited NSCLC cell tumorigenicity in vivo. Moreover, FOXC1 knockdown increased cisplatin and docetaxel sensitivity and reduced gefitinib resistance, whereas FOXC1 overexpression enhanced CSC-like properties. Luciferase reporter and ChIP assays showed beta-catenin to be a direct transcriptional target of FOXC1. Furthermore, overexpression of beta-catenin reversed the CSC-like property inhibition induced by FOXC1 knockdown, and knockdown of beta-catenin attenuated the CSC-like properties induced by FOXC1 overexpression. Conclusions This study demonstrates that FOXC1 induces CSC-like properties in NSCLC by promoting beta-catenin expression. The findings indicate that FOXC1 is a potential molecular target for anti-CSC-based therapies in NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xiujuan Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Wenjuan He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yue Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. .,The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. .,The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Miyazono K, Katsuno Y, Koinuma D, Ehata S, Morikawa M. Intracellular and extracellular TGF-β signaling in cancer: some recent topics. Front Med 2018; 12:387-411. [PMID: 30043220 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-018-0646-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β regulates a wide variety of cellular responses, including cell growth arrest, apoptosis, cell differentiation, motility, invasion, extracellular matrix production, tissue fibrosis, angiogenesis, and immune function. Although tumor-suppressive roles of TGF-β have been extensively studied and well-characterized in many cancers, especially at early stages, accumulating evidence has revealed the critical roles of TGF-β as a pro-tumorigenic factor in various types of cancer. This review will focus on recent findings regarding epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by TGF-β, in relation to crosstalk with some other signaling pathways, and the roles of TGF-β in lung and pancreatic cancers, in which TGF-β has been shown to be involved in cancer progression. Recent findings also strongly suggested that targeting TGF-β signaling using specific inhibitors may be useful for the treatment of some cancers. TGF-β plays a pivotal role in the differentiation and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs). TGF-β is produced as latent high molecular weight complexes, and the latent TGF-β complex expressed on the surface of Tregs contains glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP, also known as leucine-rich repeat containing 32 or LRRC32). Inhibition of the TGF-β activities through regulation of the latent TGF-β complex activation will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Miyazono
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Yoko Katsuno
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Daizo Koinuma
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shogo Ehata
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masato Morikawa
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Garcinol inhibits cancer stem cell-like phenotype via suppression of the Wnt/β-catenin/STAT3 axis signalling pathway in human non-small cell lung carcinomas. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 54:140-150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
35
|
Zhang JM, Wei K, Jiang M. OCT4 but not SOX2 expression correlates with worse prognosis in surgical patients with triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12282-018-0844-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
36
|
Lai H, Lin F, Chen N, Wen S, Hu X, Liu L. [Research Progress in the Therapeutic Strategy Based on Targeting at
Lung Cancer Stem Cell]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2018; 21:57-62. [PMID: 29357974 PMCID: PMC5972359 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2018.01.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
With high morbidity and mortality, lung cancer is a major threat to human health and one of the focuses of tumor researches. Lung cancer stem cells (LCSCs) are regarded as a subpopulation of cells within lung cancer tissues with the capacity of self-renewal and differentiation, and might be related to tumorigenesis and heterogeneity of lung cancer. Tumor recurrence, metastasis and drug resistance of lung cancers could be clarified by LCSC hypothesis. Thus it's therapeutically prospective to target at these cells. This review summarizes the biomarkers of LCSCs and their aberrant signal pathways, as well as the therapeutic strategies targeting at LCSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjin Lai
- West China School Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Nan Chen
- West China School Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shu Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Lunxu Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
You L, Guo X, Huang Y. Correlation of Cancer Stem-Cell Markers OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG with Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis in Operative Patients with Rectal Cancer. Yonsei Med J 2018; 59:35-42. [PMID: 29214774 PMCID: PMC5725361 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2018.59.1.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the association of cancer stem-cell markers [octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4), sex determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2), and Nanog homebox (NANOG)] expression with clinicopathological properties and overall survival (OS) in operative rectal cancer (RC) patients receiving adjuvant therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS 153 patients with primary RC receiving surgery were enrolled. Tumor tissue and paired adjacent normal tissue sample were collected, and OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG expressions were assessed by immunofluorescent staining. The median follow-up duration was 5.2 years, and the last follow-up date was August 2016. RESULTS Tumor tissue OCT4 (p<0.001), SOX2 (p=0.003), and NANOG (p<0.001) expressions were higher than those in adjacent tissue. OCT4 expression was positively correlated with pathological grade (R=0.185, p=0.022), tumor size (R=0.224, p=0.005), and N stage (R=0.170, p=0.036). NANOG expression was positively associated with tumor size (R=0.169, p=0.036). Kaplan-Meier suggested that OCT4⁺ was associated with worse OS compared with OCT4? (p<0.001), while no association of SOX2 (p=0.121) and NANOG expressions (p=0.195) with OS was uncovered. Compared with one or no positive marker, at least two positive markers were associated with shorter OS (p<0.001), while all three positive markers were correlated with worse OS compared with two or less positive markers (p<0.001). Multivariate Cox's analysis revealed that OCT4⁺ (p<0.001) and N stage (p=0.046) were independent factors for shorter OS. CONCLUSION Tumor tissue OCT4 expression was correlated with poor differentiation, tumor size, and N stage, and it can serve as an independent prognostic biomarker in operative patients with RC receiving adjuvant therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuping You
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuenan Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gazdar AF, Bunn PA, Minna JD. Small-cell lung cancer: what we know, what we need to know and the path forward. Nat Rev Cancer 2017; 17:725-737. [PMID: 29077690 DOI: 10.1038/nrc.2017.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 433] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a deadly tumour accounting for approximately 15% of lung cancers and is pathologically, molecularly, biologically and clinically very different from other lung cancers. While the majority of tumours express a neuroendocrine programme (integrating neural and endocrine properties), an important subset of tumours have low or absent expression of this programme. The probable initiating molecular events are inactivation of TP53 and RB1, as well as frequent disruption of several signalling networks, including Notch signalling. SCLC, when diagnosed, is usually widely metastatic and initially responds to cytotoxic therapy but nearly always rapidly relapses with resistance to further therapies. There were no important therapeutic clinical advances for 30 years, leading SCLC to be designated a 'recalcitrant cancer'. Scientific studies are hampered by a lack of tissue availability. However, over the past 5 years, there has been a worldwide resurgence of studies on SCLC, including comprehensive molecular analyses, the development of relevant genetically engineered mouse models and the establishment of patient-derived xenografts. These studies have led to the discovery of new potential therapeutic vulnerabilities for SCLC and therefore to new clinical trials. Thus, while the past has been bleak, the future offers greater promise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adi F Gazdar
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75230-8593, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75230-8593, USA
| | - Paul A Bunn
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Cancer Center, 12801 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA
| | - John D Minna
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75230-8593, USA
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75230-8593, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Sha S, Zhai Y, Lin C, Wang H, Chang Q, Song S, Ren M, Liu G. A combination of valproic acid sodium salt, CHIR99021, E-616452, tranylcypromine, and 3-Deazaneplanocin A causes stem cell-like characteristics in cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:53302-53312. [PMID: 28881812 PMCID: PMC5581111 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies are based on the hypothesis that recurrence and drug resistance in lung carcinoma are due to a subpopulation of cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs) in solid tumors. Therefore it is crucial to screen for and recognize lung CSLCs. In this study, we stimulated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells to display stem cell-like characteristics using a combination of five small molecule compounds. The putative A549 stem cells activated an important CSLC marker, CD133 protein, as well multiple CSLC-related genes including ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 (ABCG2), C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), NESTIN, and BMI1. The A549 stem-like cells displayed resistance to the chemotherapeutic drugs etoposide and cisplatin, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition properties, and increased protein expression levels of NOTCH1 and Hes Family bHLH Transcription Factor 1 (HES1). When A549 cells were pretreated with a NOTCH signaling pathway inhibitor before compound induction, expression of the NOTCH1 target gene HES1 was reduced. This demonstrated that the NOTCH signaling pathway in the putative A549 stem-like cells had been activated. Together, the results of our study showed that a combination of five small molecule agents could transform A549 cells into putative stem-like cells, and that these compounds could also elevate CD133 and ABCG2 protein expression levels in H460 cells. This study provides a convenient method for obtaining lung CSLCs, which may be an effective strategy for developing lung carcinoma treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Sha
- Tongji University School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai, China.,Clinical Research Center, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanfen Zhai
- Department of Immunity, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengzhao Lin
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Heyong Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Chang
- Clinical Research Center, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Song
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingqiang Ren
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gentao Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Shanghai Biomed-Union Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Shanghai International Medical Zone, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gilbert AN, Walker K, Tran AN, Boyd NH, Gillespie GY, Singh RK, Hjelmeland AB. Modeling Physiologic Microenvironments in Three-Dimensional Microtumors Maintains Brain Tumor Initiating Cells. JOURNAL OF CANCER STEM CELL RESEARCH 2017; 5:e1004. [PMID: 29075651 PMCID: PMC5653320 DOI: 10.14343/jcscr.2017.5e1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Development of effective novel anti-tumor treatments will require improved in vitro models that incorporate physiologic microenvironments and maintain intratumoral heterogeneity, including tumor initiating cells. Brain tumor initiating cells (BTIC) are a target for cancer therapy, because BTICs are highly tumorigenic and contribute to tumor angiogenesis, invasion, and therapeutic resistance. Current leading studies rely on BTIC isolation from patient-derived xenografts followed by propagation as neurospheres. As this process is expensive and time-consuming, we determined whether three-dimensional microtumors were an alternative in vitro method for modeling tumor growth via BITC maintenance and/or enrichment. Brain tumor cells were grown as neurospheres or as microtumors produced using the human-derived biomatrix HuBiogel™ and maintained with physiologically relevant microenvironments. BITC percentages were determined using cell surface marker expression, label retention, and neurosphere formation capacity. Our data demonstrate that expansion of brain tumor cells as hypoxic and nutrient-restricted microtumors significantly increased the percentage of both CD133+ and CFSEhigh cells. We further demonstrate that BTIC-marker positive cells isolated from microtumors maintained neurosphere formation capacity in the in vitro limiting dilution assay and tumorigenic potential in vivo. These data demonstrate that microtumors can be a useful three-dimensional biological model for the study of BTIC maintenance and targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kiera Walker
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Anh Nhat Tran
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Nathaniel H. Boyd
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - G. Yancey Gillespie
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - Anita B. Hjelmeland
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kim SK, Park JA, Zhang D, Cho SH, Yi H, Cho SM, Chang BJ, Kim JS, Shim JH, Abd El-Aty AM, Shin HC. Sustainability of CD24 expression, cell proliferation and migration, cisplatin-resistance, and caspase-3 expression during mesenchymal-epithelial transition induced by the removal of TGF-β1 in A549 lung cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:2410-2416. [PMID: 28789457 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a notable mechanism underlying cancer cell metastasis. Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) has been used to induce EMT; however, there is a lack of information regarding the role of TGF-β1 in mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET). In the present study, EMT was induced in A549 lung cancer cells using TGF-β1 (TGF-β1-treated group) and MET was induced sequentially from the TGF-β1-treated group by removing the TGF-β1 (MET/return group). Untreated A549 lung cancer cells were used as a control. Characteristic features, including cancer stem cell markers [cluster of differentiation (CD)24, CD44 and CD133], cell proliferation and migration and diverse intracellular mechanisms, were observed in all groups. Using western blot analysis, the TGF-β1-treated group demonstrated increased vimentin and reduced E-cadherin expression, whereas the MET/return group demonstrated the opposite trend. Among cancer stem cell markers, the population of CD24low cells was reduced in the TGF-β1-treated group. Furthermore, the G2/M phase cell cycle population, cisplatin-sensitivity, and cell proliferation and migration ability were increased in the TGF-β1-treated group. These features were unaltered in the MET/return group when compared to the TGF-β1-treated group. Immunoblotting revealed an increase in the levels of SMAD3, phosphorylated SMAD3, phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase and caspase-3, and a decrease in active caspase-3 levels in the TGF-β1-treated group. Increased caspase-3 and reduced active caspase-3 levels were observed in the MET/return group, similar to those in the TGF-β1-treated group; however, levels of other signalling proteins were unchanged compared with the control group. EMT induced by TGF-β1 was not preserved; however, stemness-associated properties (CD24 expression, caspase-3 expression, cell proliferation and cisplatin-resistance) were sustained following removal of TGF-β1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Kwan Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-A Park
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Cho
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Yi
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Min Cho
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joon Chang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Suk Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Shim
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Ho-Chul Shin
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zakaria N, Satar NA, Abu Halim NH, Ngalim SH, Yusoff NM, Lin J, Yahaya BH. Targeting Lung Cancer Stem Cells: Research and Clinical Impacts. Front Oncol 2017; 7:80. [PMID: 28529925 PMCID: PMC5418222 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide, accounting for 1.8 million new cases and 1.6 million deaths in 2012. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is one of two types of lung cancer, accounts for 85–90% of all lung cancers. Despite advances in therapy, lung cancer still remains a leading cause of death. Cancer relapse and dissemination after treatment indicates the existence of a niche of cancer cells that are not fully eradicated by current therapies. These chemoresistant populations of cancer cells are called cancer stem cells (CSCs) because they possess the self-renewal and differentiation capabilities similar to those of normal stem cells. Targeting the niche of CSCs in combination with chemotherapy might provide a promising strategy to eradicate these cells. Thus, understanding the characteristics of CSCs has become a focus of studies of NSCLC therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norashikin Zakaria
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nazilah Abdul Satar
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Noor Hanis Abu Halim
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Siti Hawa Ngalim
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Narazah Mohd Yusoff
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Juntang Lin
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University (XXMU), Xinxiang, China.,College of Biomedical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University (XXMU), Xinxiang, China
| | - Badrul Hisham Yahaya
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhu J, Wang S, Chen Y, Li X, Jiang Y, Yang X, Li Y, Wang X, Meng Y, Zhu M, Ma X, Huang C, Wu R, Xie C, Geng S, Wu J, Zhong C, Han H. miR-19 targeting of GSK3β mediates sulforaphane suppression of lung cancer stem cells. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 44:80-91. [PMID: 28431267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a central role in the development of cancer. The canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway is critical for maintaining stemness of CSCs. Phytochemicals from dietary compounds possess anti-CSCs properties and have been characterized as promising therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of many cancers. To date, the involvement and function of miR-19, a key oncogenic miRNA, in regulating Wnt/β-catenin pathway and lung CSCs has not been defined. Meanwhile, the effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on lung CSCs also remains to be elucidated. Here, we reported that lung CSCs up-regulated miR-19a and miR-19b expression. Overexpression of miR-19a/19b enhanced the ability of tumorsphere formation, up-regulated the expression of lung CSCs markers, increased Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation and β-catenin/TCF transcriptional activity in lung CSCs. In contrary, down-regulation of miR-19 suppressed lung CSCs activity and Wnt/β-catenin activation. We further revealed that miR-19 activated Wnt/β-catenin pathway by directly targeting GSK3β, the key negative modulator of this pathway. Moreover, we showed that SFN exhibited inhibitory effect on lung CSCs through suppressing miR-19 and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Taken together, these data illustrate the role of miR-19 in regulating lung CSCs traits and miR-19/GSK3β/β-catenin axis in SFN intervention of lung CSCs. Findings from this study could provide important new insights into the molecular mechanisms of lung CSCs regulation as well as its target intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyun Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Shijia Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ye Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yu Meng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Mingming Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Cong Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chunfeng Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Shanshan Geng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jieshu Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Caiyun Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Hongyu Han
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Liu Y, Miao L, Ni R, Zhang H, Li L, Wang X, Li X, Wang J. microRNA-520a-3p inhibits proliferation and cancer stem cell phenotype by targeting HOXD8 in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:3529-3535. [PMID: 27748920 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Formation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and increased cells proliferation are involved in tumorigenesis, tumour recurrence and therapy resistance and microRNA is essential for the development of the biological traits of CSCs and the increased cells proliferation. Studying molecular mechanism of tumorigenesis, tumour recurrence and therapy resistance of lung cancer will help us to further understand the pathogenesis and progression of the disease and offer new targets for effective therapies. In the present study, we found that miR-520a-3p expression is downregulated in NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer) and SCLC (small cell lung cancer). miR-520a-3p can inhibit proliferation and cancer stem cell phenotype in NSCLC and SCLC cells. Overexpressing miR-520a-3p can degrade HOXD8 mRNA in NSCLC cells, but its overexpression cannot suppress HOXD8 in SCLC cells. HOXD8 protein is upregulated in NSCLC tissues and its overexpression can promote proliferation, formation of cancer stem cells, migration and invasion in NSCLC cells. MET amplification plays a pivotal role in gefitinib resistance in lung cancer. We found that miR-520a-3p can downregulate MET protein expression and HOXD8 can upregulate MET protein expression. Thus, we concluded that microRNA-520a-3p inhibits proliferation and cancer stem cell phenotype by targeting HOXD8 in NSCLC cells and restoration of microRNA-520a-3p might be a therapeutic strategy to reverse gefitinib resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Miao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Ran Ni
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Oncology Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- Department of Oncology Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Oncology Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Leung AWY, de Silva T, Bally MB, Lockwood WW. Synthetic lethality in lung cancer and translation to clinical therapies. Mol Cancer 2016; 15:61. [PMID: 27686855 PMCID: PMC5041331 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-016-0546-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a heterogeneous disease consisting of multiple histological subtypes each driven by unique genetic alterations. Despite the development of targeted therapies that inhibit the oncogenic mutations driving a subset of lung cancer cases, there is a paucity of effective treatments for the majority of lung cancer patients and new strategies are urgently needed. In recent years, the concept of synthetic lethality has been established as an effective approach for discovering novel cancer-specific targets as well as a method to improve the efficacy of existing drugs which provide partial but insufficient benefits for patients. In this review, we discuss the concept of synthetic lethality, the various types of synthetic lethal interactions in the context of oncology and the approaches used to identify these interactions, including recent advances that have transformed the ability to discover novel synthetic lethal combinations on a global scale. Lastly, we describe the specific synthetic lethal interactions identified in lung cancer to date and explore the pharmacological challenges and considerations in translating these discoveries to the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ada W. Y. Leung
- Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Centre, 675 West 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3 Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Rm. G227-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5 Canada
| | - Tanya de Silva
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Rm. G227-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5 Canada
- Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, 675 West 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3 Canada
| | - Marcel B. Bally
- Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Centre, 675 West 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3 Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Rm. G227-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5 Canada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Centre for Drug Research and Development, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - William W. Lockwood
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Rm. G227-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5 Canada
- Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, 675 West 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kim M, Suh YA, Oh JH, Lee BR, Kim J, Jang SJ. KIF3A binds to β-arrestin for suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signalling independently of primary cilia in lung cancer. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32770. [PMID: 27596264 PMCID: PMC5011747 DOI: 10.1038/srep32770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant Wnt/β-catenin signalling is implicated in the progression of several human cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, mutations in Wnt/β-catenin pathway components are uncommon in NSCLC, and their epigenetic control remains unclear. Here, we show that KIF3A, a member of the kinesin-2 family, plays a role in suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signalling in NSCLC cells. KIF3A knockdown increases both β-catenin levels and transcriptional activity with concomitant promotion of malignant potential, such as increased proliferation and migration and upregulation of stemness markers. Because KIF3A binds β-arrestin, KIF3A depletion allows β-arrestin to form a complex with DVL2 and axin, stabilizing β-catenin. Although primary cilia, whose biogenesis requires KIF3A, are thought to restrain the Wnt response, pharmacological inhibition of ciliogenesis failed to increase β-catenin activity in NSCLC cells. A correlation between KIF3A loss and a poorer NSCLC prognosis as well as β-catenin and cyclin D1 upregulation further suggests that KIF3A suppresses Wnt/β-catenin signalling and tumourigenesis in NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minsuh Kim
- Biomedical science and engineering interdisciplinary program, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea.,Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Ah Suh
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Oh
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bo Ra Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joon Kim
- Biomedical science and engineering interdisciplinary program, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea.,Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Se Jin Jang
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.,Asan Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Sung WJ, Kim H, Park KK. The biological role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in lung cancer (Review). Oncol Rep 2016; 36:1199-206. [PMID: 27460444 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process whereby epithelial cells gradually transform into mesenchymal-like cells losing their epithelial functionality and characteristics. EMT is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of numerous lung diseases ranging from developmental disorders and fibrotic tissue remodeling to lung cancer. Lung cancer is the most lethal form of cancer worldwide, and despite significant therapeutic improvements, the patient survival rate still remains low. Activation of EMT endows invasive and metastatic properties upon cancer cells that favor successful colonization of distal target organs. The present review provides a brief insight into the mechanism and biological assessment methods of EMT in lung cancer and summarizes the recent literature highlighting the controversial experimental data and conclusions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Woo Jung Sung
- Department of Pathology, Catholic University of Daegu College of Medicine, Nam-gu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongtae Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Catholic University of Daegu College of Medicine, Nam-gu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan-Kyu Park
- Department of Pathology, Catholic University of Daegu College of Medicine, Nam-gu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Biava PM. The New Treatments in Regenerative Medicine and in Oncologic and Degenerative Diseases. WORLD FUTURES 2016; 72:191-204. [DOI: 10.1080/02604027.2016.1194155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
|
49
|
Sodja E, Rijavec M, Koren A, Sadikov A, Korošec P, Cufer T. The prognostic value of whole blood SOX2, NANOG and OCT4 mRNA expression in advanced small-cell lung cancer. Radiol Oncol 2016; 50:188-96. [PMID: 27247551 PMCID: PMC4852967 DOI: 10.1515/raon-2015-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The data on expression and clinical impact of cancer stem cell markers SOX2, NANOG and OCT4 in lung cancer is still lacking. The aim of our study was to compare SOX2, NANOG and OCT4 mRNA expression levels in whole blood between advanced small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients and healthy controls, and to correlate mRNA expression with progression-free survival (PFS) after first-line chemotherapy and overall survival (OS) in advanced SCLC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS 50 advanced SCLC patients treated with standard chemotherapy and followed at University Clinic Golnik, Slovenia, between 2009 and 2013 were prospectively included. SOX2, NANOG and OCT4 mRNA expression levels were determined using TaqMan qPCR in whole blood collected prior to chemotherapy. Whole blood of 34 matched healthy individuals with no cancerous disease was also tested. RESULTS SOX2 mRNA expression was significantly higher in whole blood of SCLC patients compared to healthy controls (p = 0.006). Significant correlation between SOX2 mRNA expression levels and the number of distant metastatic sites was established (p = 0.027). In survival analysis, patients with high SOX2 expression had shorter OS (p = 0.017) and PFS (p = 0.046). In multivariate Cox analysis, an independent value of high SOX2 expression for shorter OS (p = 0.002), but not PFS was confirmed. No significant differences were observed for NANOG or OCT4 expression levels when comparing SCLC patients and healthy controls neither when analysing survival outcomes in SCLC patients. CONCLUSIONS SOX2 mRNA expression in whole blood might be a promising non-invasive marker for molecular screening of SCLC and important prognostic marker in advanced chemotherapy-treated SCLC patients, altogether indicating important role of cancer stem-like cell (CSC) regulators in cancer spread. Further evaluation of SOX2 as a possible screening/prognostic marker and a therapeutic target of SCLC is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Sodja
- University Clinic Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia
| | | | - Ana Koren
- University Clinic Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia
| | - Aleksander Sadikov
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Computer and Information Science, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zhang Q, Gao M, Luo G, Han X, Bao W, Cheng Y, Tian W, Yan M, Yang G, An J. Enhancement of Radiation Sensitivity in Lung Cancer Cells by a Novel Small Molecule Inhibitor That Targets the β-Catenin/Tcf4 Interaction. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152407. [PMID: 27014877 PMCID: PMC4807779 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy is an important treatment choice for unresectable advanced human lung cancers, and a critical adjuvant treatment for surgery. However, radiation as a lung cancer treatment remains far from satisfactory due to problems associated with radiation resistance in cancer cells and severe cytotoxicity to non-cancer cells, which arise at doses typically administered to patients. We have recently identified a promising novel inhibitor of β-catenin/Tcf4 interaction, named BC-23 (C21H14ClN3O4S), which acts as a potent cell death enhancer when used in combination with radiation. Sequential exposure of human p53-null non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) H1299 cells to low doses of x-ray radiation, followed 1 hour later by administration of minimally cytotoxic concentrations of BC-23, resulted in a highly synergistic induction of clonogenic cell death (combination index <1.0). Co-treatment with BC-23 at low concentrations effectively inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signaling and down-regulates c-Myc and cyclin D1 expression. S phase arrest and ROS generation are also involved in the enhancement of radiation effectiveness mediated by BC-23. BC-23 therefore represents a promising new class of radiation enhancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,SUNY Upstate Cancer Research Institute, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Mei Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,SUNY Upstate Cancer Research Institute, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Guifen Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,SUNY Upstate Cancer Research Institute, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Xiaofeng Han
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,SUNY Upstate Cancer Research Institute, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Wenjing Bao
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,SUNY Upstate Cancer Research Institute, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,Department of Medicine, Liaoning University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, No. 33 Beiling Street, Huanggu District, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanyan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,SUNY Upstate Cancer Research Institute, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,Department of Medicine, Liaoning University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, No. 33 Beiling Street, Huanggu District, Shenyang, China
| | - Wang Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,SUNY Upstate Cancer Research Institute, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Maocai Yan
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Guanlin Yang
- Department of Medicine, Liaoning University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, No. 33 Beiling Street, Huanggu District, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing An
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,SUNY Upstate Cancer Research Institute, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|