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Lin XT, Wu QN, Qin S, Fan DJ, Lv MY, Chen X, Cai JW, Weng JR, Zou YF, Rong YM, Gao F. Identification of an Autophagy-Related Gene Signature for the Prediction of Prognosis in Early-Stage Colorectal Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:755789. [PMID: 34899841 PMCID: PMC8657766 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.755789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: A certain number of early-stage colorectal cancer (CRC) patients suffer tumor recurrence after initial curative resection. In this context, an effective prognostic biomarker model is constantly in need. Autophagy exhibits a dual role in tumorigenesis. Our study aims to develop an autophagy-related gene (ATG) signature-based on high-throughput data analysis for disease-free survival (DFS) prognosis of patients with stage I/II CRC. Methods: Gene expression profiles and clinical information of CRC patients extracted from four public datasets were distributed to discovery and training cohort (GSE39582), validation cohort (TCGA CRC, n = 624), and meta-validation cohort (GSE37892 and GSE14333, n = 420). Autophagy genes significantly associated with prognosis were identified. Results: Among 655 autophagy-related genes, a 10-gene ATG signature, which was significantly associated with DFS in the training cohort (HR, 2.76[1.56–4.82]; p = 2.06 × 10–4), was constructed. The ATG signature, stratifying patients into high and low autophagy risk groups, was validated in the validation (HR, 2.29[1.15–4.55]; p = 1.5 × 10–2) and meta-validation cohorts (HR, 2.5[1.03–6.06]; p = 3.63 × 10–2) and proved to be prognostic in a multivariate analysis. Functional analysis revealed enrichment of several immune/inflammatory pathways in the high autophagy risk group, where increased infiltration of T regulatory cells (Tregs) and decreased infiltration of M1 macrophages were observed. Conclusion: Our study established a prognostic ATG signature that effectively predicted DFS for early-stage CRC patients. Meanwhile, the study also revealed the possible relationship among autophagy process, immune/inflammatory response, and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Tao Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiu-Ning Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - De-Jun Fan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min-Yi Lv
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Wei Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Rong Weng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Feng Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Ming Rong
- Department of VIP Region, Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Santos MI, Lima A, Mota J, Rebelo P, Ferreira RB, Pedroso L, Ferreira MA, Sousa I. Extended Cheese Whey Fermentation Produces a Novel Casein-Derived Antibacterial Polypeptide That Also Inhibits Gelatinases MMP-2 and MMP-9. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011130. [PMID: 34681790 PMCID: PMC8541382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous works produced a whey fermentation methodology that yielded antibacterial activity and potential inhibition of matrix metalloproteases (MMP)-2 and -9. Here, we evaluated if these activities were due to fermentation-produced peptides. Prolonged fermentation was carried out in the presence of our specific lactic acid bacteria (LAB) consortium. LAB fermentation yielded a total of 11 polypeptides, which were predominantly produced after 6 days of fermentation. One which was derived from beat casein presented a particularly high antibacterial activity against food pathogenic bacteria and was more effective than standard food disinfectants. This polypeptide was further studied and was also found to be active against several strains of pathogenic bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), in a dose-dependent manner. It also inhibited MMP-2 and MMP-9 whilst reducing HT29 cancer cell migration in vitro. Overall, this novel whey-derived polypeptide presents dual antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity, revealing a strong potential to be used in functional foods or as a nutraceutical. Its identification and further characterization can open novel perspectives in the field of preventive/curative diets related to gut microbiota, gut inflammation, and cancer prevention, particularly if used in in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Isabel Santos
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Ana Lima
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana Mota
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Rebelo
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
| | - Ricardo Boavida Ferreira
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
| | - Laurentina Pedroso
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria Adélia Ferreira
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
| | - Isabel Sousa
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
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3
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Zhao D, Sun X, Long S, Yao S. An autophagy-related long non-coding RNA signature for patients with colorectal cancer. Physiol Int 2021; 108:202-220. [PMID: 34224393 DOI: 10.1556/2060.2021.00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified to regulate cancers by controlling the process of autophagy and by mediating the post-transcriptional and transcriptional regulation of autophagy-related genes. This study aimed to investigate the potential prognostic role of autophagy-associated lncRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. METHODS LncRNA expression profiles and the corresponding clinical information of CRC patients were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Based on the TCGA dataset, autophagy-related lncRNAs were identified by Pearson correlation test. Univariate Cox regression analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis (LASSO) Cox regression model were performed to construct the prognostic gene signature. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to further clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULTS We obtained 210 autophagy-related genes from the whole dataset and found 1187 lncRNAs that were correlated with the autophagy-related genes. Using Univariate and LASSO Cox regression analyses, eight lncRNAs were screened to establish an eight-lncRNA signature, based on which patients were divided into the low-risk and high-risk group. Patients' overall survival was found to be significantly worse in the high-risk group compared to that in the low-risk group (log-rank p = 2.731E-06). ROC analysis showed that this signature had better prognostic accuracy than TNM stage, as indicated by the area under the curve. Furthermore, GSEA demonstrated that this signature was involved in many cancer-related pathways, including TGF-β, p53, mTOR and WNT signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our study constructed a novel signature from eight autophagy-related lncRNAs to predict the overall survival of CRC, which could assistant clinicians in making individualized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyan Zhao
- 1Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xizhen Sun
- 1Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Sidan Long
- 2Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shukun Yao
- 1Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
- 3Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
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Direito R, Rocha J, Sepodes B, Eduardo-Figueira M. Phenolic Compounds Impact on Rheumatoid Arthritis, Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Microbiota Modulation. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020145. [PMID: 33499333 PMCID: PMC7912052 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) are nowadays the principal cause of death, especially in most industrialized nations. These illnesses have increased exponentially with the consumption of diets very high in fat and sugar, not to mention stress and physical inactivity among other factors. The potential impact of suboptimal diets on NCDs’ morbidity and mortality rates brings to the forefront the necessity for a new way of improving dietary habits. The literature provides extensive scientific work that presents evidence that phenolic compounds from diets have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities that impact human health. Gut microbiota modulation by some phenolic compounds leads to favorable changes in abundance, diversity, and in the immune system. However, polyphenol’s limited bioavailability needs to be overcome, highlighting their application in new delivery systems and providing their health benefits in well-established ways such as health maintenance, treatment or adjuvant to conventional pharmacological treatments. In this context, novel dietary approaches, including new food supplements, have emerged to prevent diseases and preserve health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Direito
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (J.R.); (B.S.); (M.E.-F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-96-3654-899
| | - João Rocha
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (J.R.); (B.S.); (M.E.-F.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Health Technologies, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sepodes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (J.R.); (B.S.); (M.E.-F.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Health Technologies, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Eduardo-Figueira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (J.R.); (B.S.); (M.E.-F.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
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5
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Graça C, Mota J, Lima A, Boavida Ferreira R, Raymundo A, Sousa I. Glycemic Response and Bioactive Properties of Gluten-Free Bread with Yoghurt or Curd-Cheese Addition. Foods 2020; 9:E1410. [PMID: 33020440 PMCID: PMC7601360 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of flour replacement by yogurt or curd-cheese additions (from 10% to 20%, w/w) on the glycemic response and bioactivity improvements of gluten-free bread was evaluated. Starch digestibility, measured by an in vitro digestion model, was applied to determine the effect on starch fractions. The bread glycemic index was calculated. Bread antioxidant capacity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) and ferric-ion-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods) and total phenolic compounds were assessed. Anti-inflammatory properties according to enzymatic matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 inhibitory activity were also studied. Considering the higher level of both dairy products tested (20%, w/w) and comparing with control bread results, a reduction of around 35% in the glycemic response of curd cheese bread was achieved, resulting in intermediate index level (glycemic index (GI) 55-69), with yogurt bread still showing a high glycemic index (GI > 70). In terms of bread bioactivity, curd cheese bread expressed better reducing power effects, whereas yogurt bread showed more effective radical-scavenging capacity. An increase in bread phenolic compounds by yogurt (55.3%) and curd cheese (73.0%) additions (at 20%) were also registered. MMP-9 inhibition activity was higher in the dairy bread than in control bread, suggesting an improvement in terms of anti-inflammatory properties. The supplementation of the gluten-free bread by yogurt or curd cheese was shown to be a promising strategy to reduce the glycemic response and to improve the bioactive properties of the bread, that which can contribute to preventive diets of celiac patients and irritable bowel syndrome individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Isabel Sousa
- LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Research Center of Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.G.); (J.M.); (A.L.); (R.B.F.); (A.R.)
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McGettigan M, Cardwell CR, Cantwell MM, Tully MA. Physical activity interventions for disease-related physical and mental health during and following treatment in people with non-advanced colorectal cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 5:CD012864. [PMID: 32361988 PMCID: PMC7196359 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012864.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. A diagnosis of colorectal cancer and subsequent treatment can adversely affect an individuals physical and mental health. Benefits of physical activity interventions in alleviating treatment side effects have been demonstrated in other cancer populations. Given that regular physical activity can decrease the risk of colorectal cancer, and cardiovascular fitness is a strong predictor of all-cause and cancer mortality risk, physical activity interventions may have a role to play in the colorectal cancer control continuum. Evidence of the efficacy of physical activity interventions in this population remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness and safety of physical activity interventions on the disease-related physical and mental health of individuals diagnosed with non-advanced colorectal cancer, staged as T1-4 N0-2 M0, treated surgically or with neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy (i.e. chemotherapy, radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy), or both. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2019, Issue 6), along with OVID MEDLINE, six other databases and four trial registries with no language or date restrictions. We screened reference lists of relevant publications and handsearched meeting abstracts and conference proceedings of relevant organisations for additional relevant studies. All searches were completed between 6 June and 14 June 2019. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised control trials (RCTs) and cluster-RCTs comparing physical activity interventions, to usual care or no physical activity intervention in adults with non-advanced colorectal cancer. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently selected studies, performed the data extraction, assessed the risk of bias and rated the quality of the studies using GRADE criteria. We pooled data for meta-analyses by length of follow-up, reported as mean differences (MDs) or standardised mean differences (SMDs) using random-effects wherever possible, or the fixed-effect model, where appropriate. If a meta-analysis was not possible, we synthesised studies narratively. MAIN RESULTS We identified 16 RCTs, involving 992 participants; 524 were allocated to a physical activity intervention group and 468 to a usual care control group. The mean age of participants ranged between 51 and 69 years. Ten studies included participants who had finished active treatment, two studies included participants who were receiving active treatment, two studies included both those receiving and finished active treatment. It was unclear whether participants were receiving or finished treatment in two studies. Type, setting and duration of physical activity intervention varied between trials. Three studies opted for supervised interventions, five for home-based self-directed interventions and seven studies opted for a combination of supervised and self-directed programmes. One study did not report the intervention setting. The most common intervention duration was 12 weeks (7 studies). Type of physical activity included walking, cycling, resistance exercise, yoga and core stabilisation exercise. Most of the uncertainty in judging study bias came from a lack of clarity around allocation concealment and blinding of outcome assessors. Blinding of participants and personnel was not possible. The quality of the evidence ranged from very low to moderate overall. We did not pool physical function results at immediate-term follow-up due to considerable variation in results and inconsistency of direction of effect. We are uncertain whether physical activity interventions improve physical function compared with usual care. We found no evidence of effect of physical activity interventions compared to usual care on disease-related mental health (anxiety: SMD -0.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.40 to 0.18; 4 studies, 198 participants; I2 = 0%; and depression: SMD -0.21, 95% CI -0.50 to 0.08; 4 studies, 198 participants; I2 = 0%; moderate-quality evidence) at short- or medium-term follow-up. Seven studies reported on adverse events. We did not pool adverse events due to inconsistency in reporting and measurement. We found no evidence of serious adverse events in the intervention or usual care groups. Minor adverse events, such as neck, back and muscle pain were most commonly reported. No studies reported on overall survival or recurrence-free survival and no studies assessed outcomes at long-term follow-up We found evidence of positive effects of physical activity interventions on the aerobic fitness component of physical fitness (SMD 0.82, 95% CI 0.34 to 1.29; 7 studies, 295; I2 = 68%; low-quality evidence), cancer-related fatigue (MD 2.16, 95% CI 0.18 to 4.15; 6 studies, 230 participants; I2 = 18%; low-quality evidence) and health-related quality of life (SMD 0.36, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.62; 6 studies, 230 participants; I2 = 0%; moderate-quality evidence) at immediate-term follow-up. These positive effects were also observed at short-term follow-up but not medium-term follow-up. Only three studies reported medium-term follow-up for cancer-related fatigue and health-related quality of life. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The findings of this review should be interpreted with caution due to the low number of studies included and the quality of the evidence. We are uncertain whether physical activity interventions improve physical function. Physical activity interventions may have no effect on disease-related mental health. Physical activity interventions may be beneficial for aerobic fitness, cancer-related fatigue and health-related quality of life up to six months follow-up. Where reported, adverse events were generally minor. Adequately powered RCTs of high methodological quality with longer-term follow-up are required to assess the effect of physical activity interventions on the disease-related physical and mental health and on survival of people with non-advanced colorectal cancer. Adverse events should be adequately reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chris R Cardwell
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Marie M Cantwell
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Mark A Tully
- Institute of Mental Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, UK
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Zou YF, Rong YM, Tan YX, Xiao J, Yu ZL, Chen YF, Ke J, Li CH, Chen X, Wu XJ, Lan P, Lin XT, Gao F. A signature of hypoxia-related factors reveals functional dysregulation and robustly predicts clinical outcomes in stage I/II colorectal cancer patients. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:243. [PMID: 31572060 PMCID: PMC6757395 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0964-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The hypoxic tumor microenvironment accelerates the invasion and migration of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a hypoxia gene signature for predicting the outcome in stage I/II CRC patients that have limited therapeutic options. Methods The hypoxic gene signature (HGS) was constructed using transcriptomic data of 309 CRC patients with complete clinical information from the CIT microarray dataset. A total of 1877 CRC patients with complete prognostic information in six independent datasets were divided into a training cohort and two validation cohorts. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to evaluate the prognostic value of HGS. Results The HGS consisted of 14 genes, and demarcated the CRC patients into the high- and low-risk groups. In all three cohorts, patients in the high-risk group had significantly worse disease free survival (DFS) compared with those in the low risk group (training cohort—HR = 4.35, 95% CI 2.30–8.23, P < 0.001; TCGA cohort—HR = 2.14, 95% CI 1.09–4.21, P = 0.024; meta-validation cohort—HR = 1.91, 95% CI 1.08–3.39, P = 0.024). Compared to Oncotype DX, HGS showed superior predictive outcome in the training cohort (C-index, 0.80 vs 0.65) and the validation cohort (C-index, 0.70 vs 0.61). Pathway analysis of the high- and low-HGS groups showed significant differences in the expression of genes involved in mTROC1, G2-M, mitosis, oxidative phosphorylation, MYC and PI3K–AKT–mTOR pathways (P < 0.005). Conclusion Hypoxic gene signature is a satisfactory prognostic model for early stage CRC patients, and the exact biological mechanism needs to be validated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Feng Zou
- 1Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China.,4Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 26 Yuancun Erheng Rd, Guangzhou, 510655 Guangdong China
| | - Yu-Ming Rong
- 5Department of VIP Region, Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Ying-Xin Tan
- 1Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China.,4Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 26 Yuancun Erheng Rd, Guangzhou, 510655 Guangdong China
| | - Jian Xiao
- 2Department of Medical Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China.,4Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 26 Yuancun Erheng Rd, Guangzhou, 510655 Guangdong China
| | - Zhao-Liang Yu
- 1Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China.,4Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 26 Yuancun Erheng Rd, Guangzhou, 510655 Guangdong China
| | - Yu-Feng Chen
- 1Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China.,4Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 26 Yuancun Erheng Rd, Guangzhou, 510655 Guangdong China
| | - Jia Ke
- 1Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China.,4Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 26 Yuancun Erheng Rd, Guangzhou, 510655 Guangdong China
| | - Cheng-Hang Li
- 1Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China.,4Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 26 Yuancun Erheng Rd, Guangzhou, 510655 Guangdong China
| | - Xi Chen
- 1Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China.,4Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 26 Yuancun Erheng Rd, Guangzhou, 510655 Guangdong China
| | - Xiao-Jian Wu
- 1Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China.,4Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 26 Yuancun Erheng Rd, Guangzhou, 510655 Guangdong China
| | - Ping Lan
- 1Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China.,4Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 26 Yuancun Erheng Rd, Guangzhou, 510655 Guangdong China
| | - Xu-Tao Lin
- 1Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China.,3Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China.,4Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 26 Yuancun Erheng Rd, Guangzhou, 510655 Guangdong China
| | - Feng Gao
- 1Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China.,4Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 26 Yuancun Erheng Rd, Guangzhou, 510655 Guangdong China
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8
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Wei Y, Liu P, Li Q, Du J, Chen Y, Wang Y, Shi H, Wang Y, Zhang H, Xue W, Gao Y, Li D, Feng Y, Yan J, Han J, Zhang J. The effect of MTHFD2 on the proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer cell lines. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:6361-6370. [PMID: 31496738 PMCID: PMC6697661 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s210800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (MTHFD2) is a tetramethylfolate dehydrogenase enzyme involved in folate metabolism. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of MTHFD2 on the proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Patients and methods MTHFD2 was silenced or overexpressed in CRC cells. qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to analyze mRNA and protein expression, respectively. The MTT assay and colony forming assay were used to detect cell proliferation and colony formation ability. The cycle and apoptosis changes were detected by flow cytometry. Transwell experiments were used to analyze the migration ability of CRC cells. Results The expression of MTHFD2 in 31 kinds of cancers was analyzed by bioinformatics, and MTHFD2 was found highly expressed in various cancer cells including CRC cells. Silencing the expression of MTHFD2 resulted in inhibition of the proliferation of CRC cells, weakening of the migration ability, blocking of the cell cycle in G0/G1-S phase, and promotion of the apoptosis of CRC cells. On the contrary, overexpression of MTHFD2 in CRC cells resulted in enhancement of the proliferation and migration ability, promotion of cell cycle progression and inhibition of cell apoptosis. Conclusion MTHFD2 is positively related with colorectal cancer and the MTHFD2 gene is a tumor promoting gene in CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yameng Wei
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital, Yan'an 716000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yani Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Shi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, People's Republic of China
| | - Huahua Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanjuan Xue
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Feng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiming Han
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, People's Republic of China
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9
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ÇAKIR Ö, UÇARLI C, TARHAN Ç, PEKMEZ M, TURGUT-KARA N. Nutritional and health benefits of legumes and their distinctive genomic properties. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.42117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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10
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Wang YL, Shao J, Wu X, Li T, Xu M, Shi D. A long non-coding RNA signature for predicting survival in patients with colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 9:21687-21695. [PMID: 29774095 PMCID: PMC5955136 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays important roles in cancer development and progression. In this work, we attempted to develop a lncRNA signature to improve prognosis prediction of colorectal cancer. A comprehensive analysis for the lncRNA expression and corresponding clinical information of 344 colorectal patients has been performed based on the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We randomly divided TCGA data into a training set (n = 172) and a testing set (n = 172). A four-lncRNA signature has been established which was significantly associated with the overall survival of colorectal cancer patients. Based on the four-lncRNA signature, the training set can be classified into high-risk and low-risk groups with significantly different survival. The result can be further validated in the testing dataset and another independent dataset. Further analyses suggested that the prognostic power of the four-lncRNA signature was independent of other clinical variables. The identification of lncRNA signature indicated that lncRNAs could be novel independent biomarkers for predicting the survival in patients with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lin Wang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Shao
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Changning District, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Xiaohong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, Jiangsu 214200, China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Jinan Fourth People's Hospital, Jinan 250031, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Changning District, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Debing Shi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
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11
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McGettigan M, Cardwell CR, Cantwell MM, Tully MA. Physical activity and exercise interventions for disease-related physical and mental health during and following treatment in people with non-advanced colorectal cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maresa McGettigan
- Cancer Focus Northern Ireland; Cancer Prevention; 40-44 Eglantine Avenue Belfast County Antrim UK BT9 6DX
| | - Chris R Cardwell
- Queen's University Belfast; Centre for Public Health; School of Medicine Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences Belfast Northern Ireland UK BT12 6BJ
| | - Marie M Cantwell
- Queen's University Belfast; Centre for Public Health; School of Medicine Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences Belfast Northern Ireland UK BT12 6BJ
| | - Mark A Tully
- Queen's University Belfast; UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health (Northern Ireland), Centre for Public Health; Grosvenor Road Belfast Northern Ireland UK BT12 6BJ
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12
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Li J, Xue W, Lv J, Han P, Liu Y, Cui B. Identification of potential long non-coding RNA biomarkers associated with the progression of colon cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:75834-75843. [PMID: 29100272 PMCID: PMC5652666 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has suggested that dysregulated lncRNA expression played important roles in the development and progression of human cancers. Although prognostic roles of lncRNAs have been recognized for colon cancer (CC) patients, the search for novel lncRNA biomarkers potentially involved in CC progression is an urgent and still largely unmet medical need. In this study, we evaluated the lncRNA expression changes during the progression of CC by analyzing two cohorts of previously published expression profiles of CC patients and identified hundreds of differentially expressed lncRNAs. Then we identified eight lncRNAs that closely associated with the progression of CC patients from a large number of significantly altered lncRNAs using random forest supervised classification algorithm. Finally, an SVM-based lncRNA risk classifier was developed to discriminate high-risk CC patients from persons with early-stage and validated in both the training dataset and testing dataset by survival analysis and five-fold cross-validation strategy. Our pathway enrichment analysis based on protein-coding genes that are co-expressed with lncRNAs, suggested that variation in expression of eight lncRNAs biomarkers might affect critical pathways involved in CC progression. With further validation, these eight lncRNAs might have significant implications for the clinical management of CC patients with early stage and improve our understanding of cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Weinan Xue
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Junli Lv
- Department of Science, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Peng Han
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yanlong Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Binbin Cui
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
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13
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Lima A, Oliveira J, Saúde F, Mota J, Ferreira RB. Proteins in Soy Might Have a Higher Role in Cancer Prevention than Previously Expected: Soybean Protein Fractions Are More Effective MMP-9 Inhibitors Than Non-Protein Fractions, Even in Cooked Seeds. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9030201. [PMID: 28264435 PMCID: PMC5372864 DOI: 10.3390/nu9030201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for anticancer MMP-9 inhibitors (MMPIs) in food products has become a major goal for research. MMPIs in soy have been related only to saponins and isoflavones, but recently, low specific protein fractions in soybeans were shown to reduce MMP-9 activity as well. The present work aimed at comparing the MMPI potential of protein fractions (P) and non-protein fractions (NP) isolated from soybean seeds, before and after soaking and cooking, mimicking dietary exposures. Reverse and substrate zymography, as well as a fluoregenic DQ gelatin assay were used to evaluate MMP-9 activities. Colon cancer cell migration and proliferation was also tested in HT29 cells. Regarding MMP-9 inhibition, proteins in soy presented IC50 values 100 times lower than non-protein extracts, and remained active after cooking, suggesting that proteins may be more effective MMP-9 inhibitors than non-protein compounds. Using the determined IC50 concentrations, NP fractions were able to induce higher inhibitions of HT29 cell migration and proliferation, but not through MMP-9 inhibition, whilst protein fractions were shown to specifically inhibit MMP-9 activity. Overall, our results show that protein fractions in soybeans might have a higher role in soy-related cancer prevention as MMPIs than previously expected. Being nontoxic and active at lower concentrations, the discovery of these heat-resistant specific MMPI proteins in soy can be of significant importance for cancer preventive diets, particularly considering the increasing use of soy proteins in food products and the controversy around isoflavones amongst consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lima
- Disease & Stress Biology Group, LEAF (Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Jennifer Oliveira
- Disease & Stress Biology Group, LEAF (Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Filipe Saúde
- Disease & Stress Biology Group, LEAF (Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Joana Mota
- Disease & Stress Biology Group, LEAF (Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo Boavida Ferreira
- Disease & Stress Biology Group, LEAF (Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal.
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14
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Identification of 42 Genes Linked to Stage II Colorectal Cancer Metastatic Relapse. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17050598. [PMID: 27136531 PMCID: PMC4881437 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality. Metastasis remains the primary cause of CRC death. Predicting the possibility of metastatic relapse in early-stage CRC is of paramount importance to target therapy for patients who really need it and spare those with low-potential of metastasis. Ninety-six stage II CRC cases were stratified using high-resolution array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) data based on a predictive survival algorithm and supervised clustering. All genes included within the resultant copy number aberrations were each interrogated independently at mRNA level using CRC expression datasets available from public repositories, which included 1820 colon cancers, and 167 normal colon tissues. Reduced mRNA expression driven by copy number losses and increased expression driven by copy number gains revealed 42 altered transcripts (29 reduced and 13 increased transcripts) associated with metastatic relapse, short disease-free or overall survival, and/or epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Resultant genes were classified based on gene ontology (GO), which identified four functional enrichment groups involved in growth regulation, genomic integrity, metabolism, and signal transduction pathways. The identified 42 genes may be useful for predicting metastatic relapse in stage II CRC. Further studies are necessary to validate these findings.
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15
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Lima A, Mota J, Monteiro S, Ferreira R. Legume seeds and colorectal cancer revisited: Protease inhibitors reduce MMP-9 activity and colon cancer cell migration. Food Chem 2016; 197:30-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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Chen WTL, Yang TS, Chen HC, Chen HH, Chiang HC, Lin TC, Yeh CH, Ke TW, Chen JS, Hsiao KH, Kuo ML. Effectiveness of a novel herbal agent MB-6 as a potential adjunct to 5-fluoracil–based chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. Nutr Res 2014; 34:585-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Kanwar SS, Poolla A, Majumdar APN. Regulation of colon cancer recurrence and development of therapeutic strategies. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2012; 3:1-9. [PMID: 22368781 PMCID: PMC3284520 DOI: 10.4291/wjgp.v3.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recurrence of colon cancer still remains a major issue which affects nearly 50% of patients treated by conventional therapeutics. Although the underlying causative factor(s) is not fully understood, development of drug-resistance has been associated with induction of cancer stem or stem-like cells (CSCs) which constitute a small sub-population of tumor cells known to be highly resistant to chemotherapy. In fact, the discovery of CSCs in a variety of tumors (including colon cancer) has changed the view of carcinogenesis and therapeutic strategies. Emerging reports have indicated that to improve patient outcomes, conventional anticancer therapies should be replaced with specific approaches targeting CSCs. Thus, therapeutic strategies that specifically target CSCs are being sought to reduce the risk of relapse and metastasis. In order to specifically target colon CSCs (while sparing somatic intestinal stem cells), it is critical to identify unique deregulated pathways responsible for self-renewal of CSCs and colon cancer recurrence. Colon CSCs present a unique opportunity to better understand the biology of solid tumors. Thus, a better understanding of the clinical signs and symptoms of colon cancer patients (undergoing surgery or chemotherapy) during perioperative periods, along with the underlying regulatory events affecting the stem/progenitor cell self-renewal and differentiation of colon epithelial cells, is of immense importance. In this review we discuss the implication of clinical factors and the emerging role of CSCs during recurrence of colon cancer along with the development of new therapeutic strategies involving the use of natural agents.
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Dia VP, Gonzalez de Mejia E. Lunasin potentiates the effect of oxaliplatin preventing outgrowth of colon cancer metastasis, binds to α5β1 integrin and suppresses FAK/ERK/NF-κB signaling. Cancer Lett 2011; 313:167-80. [PMID: 21963225 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Revised: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The effect of lunasin on colon cancer metastasis was studied using three human colon cancer cell lines in vitro and a liver metastasis model of colon cancer in vivo. Lunasin bound with α5β1 integrin and internalized into the nucleus of KM12L4 human colon cancer cells. Lunasin (10 μM) inhibited the activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) by 28%, 39% and 60% in RKO, HCT-116 and KM12L4 human colon cancer cells, respectively. Lunasin caused an increase in the expression of the inhibitor of kappa B alpha (IκB-α), a decrease in nuclear p50 NF-κB and a reduction in the migration of cancer cells. Lunasin (4 mg/kg bw) inhibited metastasis and potentiated the effect of oxaliplatin by reducing the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Liver metastatic nodules were reduced from 28 (PBS) to 14 (lunasin, P = 0.047) while combination of lunasin and oxaliplatin to 5 (P = 0.004). The tumor burden was reduced from 0.13 (PBS) to 0.10 (lunasin, P = 0.039) to 0.04 (lunasin + oxaliplatin, P < 0.0001). Moreover, lunasin potentiated the effect of oxaliplatin in modifying expression of proteins involved in apoptosis and metastasis including Bax, Bcl-2, IKK-α and p-p65. Lunasin inhibited metastasis of human colon cancer cells by direct binding with α5β1 integrin suppressing FAK/ERK/NF-κB signaling, and potentiated the effect of oxaliplatin in preventing the outgrowth of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vermont P Dia
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, 228 ERML, MC-051, 1201 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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