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Hejníková M, Tomčala A, Černý J, Kodrík D. Melittin-The principal toxin of honeybee venom-Is also produced in the honeybee fat body. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 281:109928. [PMID: 38649084 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Melittin is a powerful toxin present in honeybee venom that is active in a wide range of animals, from insects to humans. Melittin exerts numerous biological, toxicological, and pharmacological effects, the most important of which is destruction of the cell membrane. The phospholipase activity of melittin and its ability to activate phospholipases in the venom contribute to these actions. Using analytical methods, we discovered that the honeybee Apis mellifera produces melittin not only in the venom gland but also in its fat body cells, which remain resistant to this toxin's effects. We suggest that melittin acts as an anti-bacterial agent, since its gene expression is significantly upregulated when honeybees are infected with Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes bacteria; additionally, melittin effectively kills these bacteria in the disc diffusion test. We hypothesize that the chemical and physicochemical properties of the melittin molecule (hydrophilicity, lipophilicity, and capacity to form tetramers) in combination with reactive conditions (melittin concentration, salt concentration, pH, and temperature) are responsible for the targeted destruction of bacterial cells and apparent tolerance towards own tissue cells. Considering that melittin is an important current and, importantly, potential broad-spectrum medication, a thorough understanding of the observed phenomena may significantly increase its use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Hejníková
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, CAS, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Tomčala
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Water, CENAKVA, Institute of Aquaculture and Protection of Waters, Na Sádkách 1780, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Černý
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, CAS, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Dalibor Kodrík
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, CAS, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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Vahidinia Z, Barati S, Azami Tameh A, Bagheri-Mohammadi S, Garshasebi A. Bee venom as a promising therapeutic strategy in central nervous system diseases. Neuropeptides 2024; 107:102451. [PMID: 38936137 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2024.102451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders are one of the leading health problems today, accounting for a large proportion of global morbidity and mortality. Most these disorders are characterized by high levels of oxidative stress and intense inflammatory responses in degenerated neuronal tissues. While extensive research has been conducted on CNS diseases, but few breakthroughs have been made in treatment methods. To date, there are no disease-modifying drugs available for CNS treatment, underscoring the urgent need for finding effective medications. Bee venom (BV), which is produced by honeybee workers' stingers, has been a subject of interest and study across various cultures. Over the past few decades, extensive research has focused on BV and its therapeutic potentials. BV consists a variety of substances, mainly proteins and peptides like melittin and phospholipase A2 (PLA2). Research has proven that BV is effective in various medical conditions, including pain, arthritis and inflammation and CNS disorders such as Multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the existing knowledge concerning the therapeutic effects of BV and its primary compounds on various CNS diseases. Additionally, we aim to shed light on the potential cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Vahidinia
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Shirin Barati
- Department of Anatomy, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Azami Tameh
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Saeid Bagheri-Mohammadi
- Department of Paramedicine, Amol School of Paramedical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.; Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali Garshasebi
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Liu H, Tian X, Wen J, Liu J, Huo Y, Yuan K, Guo J, Wang X, Yang M, Jiang A, Cao Q, Jiang J. Ame-miR-1-3p of bee venom reduced cell viability through the AZIN1/OAZ1-ODC1-polyamines pathway and enhanced the defense ability of honeybee (Apis mellifera L.). INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38767730 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Bee venom serves as an essential defensive weapon for bees and also finds application as a medicinal drug. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) serve as critical regulators and have been demonstrated to perform a variety of biological functions. However, the presence of miRNAs in bee venom needs to be confirmed. Therefore, we conducted small RNA sequencing and identified 158 known miRNAs, 15 conserved miRNAs and 4 novel miRNAs. It is noteworthy that ame-miR-1-3p, the most abundant among them, accounted for over a quarter of all miRNA reads. To validate the function of ame-miR-1-3p, we screened 28 candidate target genes using transcriptome sequencing and three target gene prediction software (miRanda, PITA and TargetScan) for ame-miR-1-3p. Subsequently, we employed real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot and other technologies to confirm that ame-miR-1-3p inhibits the relative expression of antizyme inhibitor 1 (AZIN1) by targeting the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of AZIN1. This, in turn, caused ODC antizyme 1 (OAZ1) to bind to ornithine decarboxylase 1 (ODC1) and mark ODC1 for proteolytic destruction. The reduction in functional ODC1 ultimately resulted in a decrease in polyamine biosynthesis. Furthermore, we determined that ame-miR-1-3p accelerates cell death through the AZIN1/OAZ1-ODC1-polyamines pathway. Our studies demonstrate that ame-miR-1-3p diminishes cell viability and it may collaborate with sPLA2 to enhance the defence capabilities of honeybees (Apis mellifera L.). Collectively, these data further elucidate the defence mechanism of bee venom and expand the potential applications of bee venom in medical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Wen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunfei Huo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kangqi Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiazhong Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingxian Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Anan Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Quanquan Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Pinto MB, Pires PC, Calhelha RC, Silva AR, Sousa MJ, Vilas-Boas M, Falcão SI, Veiga F, Makvandi P, Paiva-Santos AC. Bee Venom-Loaded Niosomes as Innovative Platforms for Cancer Treatment: Development and Therapeutical Efficacy and Safety Evaluation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:572. [PMID: 38794142 PMCID: PMC11123916 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite past efforts towards therapeutical innovation, cancer remains a highly incident and lethal disease, with current treatments lacking efficiency and leading to severe side effects. Hence, it is imperative to develop new, more efficient, and safer therapies. Bee venom has proven to have multiple and synergistic bioactivities, including antitumor effects. Nevertheless, some toxic effects have been associated with its administration. To tackle these issues, in this work, bee venom-loaded niosomes were developed, for cancer treatment. The vesicles had a small (150 nm) and homogeneous (polydispersity index of 0.162) particle size, and revealed good therapeutic efficacy in in vitro gastric, colorectal, breast, lung, and cervical cancer models (inhibitory concentrations between 12.37 ng/mL and 14.72 ng/mL). Additionally, they also revealed substantial anti-inflammatory activity (inhibitory concentration of 28.98 ng/mL), effects complementary to direct antitumor activity. Niosome safety was also assessed, both in vitro (skin, liver, and kidney cells) and ex vivo (hen's egg chorioallantoic membrane), and results showed that compound encapsulation increased its safety. Hence, small, and homogeneous bee venom-loaded niosomes were successfully developed, with substantial anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects, making them potentially promising primary or adjuvant cancer therapies. Future research should focus on evaluating the potential of the developed platform in in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Beatriz Pinto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patrícia C. Pires
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ricardo C. Calhelha
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal (M.V.-B.); (S.I.F.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Silva
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal (M.V.-B.); (S.I.F.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Maria João Sousa
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal (M.V.-B.); (S.I.F.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Miguel Vilas-Boas
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal (M.V.-B.); (S.I.F.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Soraia I. Falcão
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal (M.V.-B.); (S.I.F.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
- Centre of Research Impact and Outreach, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140417, India
- Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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Kim BY, Lee KS, Jin BR. Antioxidant Activity and Mechanism of Action of Amwaprin: A Protein in Honeybee ( Apis mellifera) Venom. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:469. [PMID: 38671917 PMCID: PMC11047345 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bee venom contains several bioactive components, including enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins. There is increasing interest in the bioactive components of bee venom since they have exhibited various pharmacological effects. Recently, Apis mellifera waprin (Amwaprin) was identified as a novel protein in Apis mellifera (honeybee) venom and characterized as an antimicrobial agent. Herein, the novel biological function of Amwaprin as an antioxidant is described. In addition, the antioxidant effects of Amwaprin in mammalian cells were investigated. Amwaprin inhibited the growth of, oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity, and inflammatory response in mammalian NIH-3T3 cells. Amwaprin decreased caspase-3 activity during oxidative stress and exhibited protective activity against oxidative stress-induced cell apoptosis in NIH-3T3 and insect Sf9 cells. The mechanism underlying the cell protective effect of Amwaprin against oxidative stress is due to its direct binding to the cell membrane. Furthermore, Amwaprin demonstrated radical-scavenging activity and protected against oxidative DNA damage. These results suggest that the antioxidant capacity of Amwaprin is attributed to the synergistic effects of its radical-scavenging action and cell shielding, indicating its novel role as an antioxidant agent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kwang-Sik Lee
- College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea;
| | - Byung-Rae Jin
- College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea;
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Sharaf M, Zahra AA, Alharbi M, Mekky AE, Shehata AM, Alkhudhayri A, Ali AM, Al Suhaimi EA, Zakai SA, Al Harthi N, Liu CG. Bee chitosan nanoparticles loaded with apitoxin as a novel approach to eradication of common human bacterial, fungal pathogens and treating cancer. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1345478. [PMID: 38559346 PMCID: PMC10978808 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1345478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the largest medical challenges because of the rising frequency of opportunistic human microbial infections across the globe. This study aimed to extract chitosan from the exoskeletons of dead bees and load it with bee venom (commercially available as Apitoxin [Api]). Then, the ionotropic gelation method would be used to form nanoparticles that could be a novel drug-delivery system that might eradicate eight common human pathogens (i.e., two fungal and six bacteria strains). It might also be used to treat the human colon cancer cell line (Caco2 ATCC ATP-37) and human liver cancer cell line (HepG2ATCC HB-8065) cancer cell lines. The x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) properties, ζ-potentials, and surface appearances of the nanoparticles were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). FTIR and XRD validated that the Api was successfully encapsulated in the chitosan nanoparticles (ChB NPs). According to the TEM, the ChB NPs and the ChB NPs loaded with Apitoxin (Api@ChB NPs) had a spherical shape and uniform size distribution, with non-aggregation, for an average size of approximately 182 and 274 ± 3.8 nm, respectively, and their Zeta potential values were 37.8 ± 1.2 mV and - 10.9 mV, respectively. The Api@ChB NPs had the greatest inhibitory effect against all tested strains compared with the ChB NPs and Api alone. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the Api, ChB NPs, and Api@ChB NPs were evaluated against the offer mentioned colony forming units (CFU/mL), and their lowest MIC values were 30, 25, and 12.5 μg mL-1, respectively, against Enterococcus faecalis. Identifiable morphological features of apoptosis were observed by 3 T3 Phototox software after Api@ChB NPs had been used to treat the normal Vero ATCC CCL-81, Caco2 ATCC ATP-37, and HepG2 ATCC HB-8065 cancer cell lines for 24 h. The morphological changes were clear in a concentration-dependent manner, and the ability of the cells was 250 to 500 μg mL-1. These results revealed that Api@ChB NPs may be a promising natural nanotreatment for common human pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Sharaf
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, AL-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdullah A. Zahra
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, AL-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alsayed E. Mekky
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdelrazeq M. Shehata
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdulsalam Alkhudhayri
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafar Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Ali
- Department of Biology, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ebtesam A. Al Suhaimi
- Vice Presidency for Scientific Research and Innovation, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdulaziz and his Companions Foundation for Giftedness and Creativity “Mawhiba”, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadi A. Zakai
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah Al Harthi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chen-Guang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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Todorova T, Boyadzhiev K, Dimitrov M, Parvanova P. Bee venom genotoxicity on Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells - The role of mitochondria and YAP1 transcription factor. Toxicology 2024; 503:153768. [PMID: 38442839 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The present work aims to clarify the genotype differences of a model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae in response to bee venom. The study evaluated various endpoints including cell survival, induction of physiologically active superoxide anions, mitotic gene conversion, mitotic crossing-over, reverse mutations, DNA double-strand breaks, and Ty1 retrotransposition. The role of the intact mitochondria and the YAP1 transcription factor was also evaluated. Our results indicate a genotype-specific response. The first experimental evidence has been provided that bee venom induces physiologically active superoxide anions and DNA double-strand breaks in S. cerevisiae. The lack of oxidative phosphorylation due to disrupted or missing mitochondrial DNA reduces but not diminishes the cytotoxicity of bee venom. The possible modes of action could be considered direct damage to membranes (cytotoxic effect) and indirect damage to DNA through oxidative stress (genotoxic effect). YAP1 transcription factor was not found to be directly involved in cell defense against bee venom treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Todorova
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin str., Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
| | - Krassimir Boyadzhiev
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin str., Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Martin Dimitrov
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin str., Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Petya Parvanova
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin str., Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
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Bindlish A, Sawal A. Bee Sting Venom as a Viable Therapy for Breast Cancer: A Review Article. Cureus 2024; 16:e54855. [PMID: 38533165 PMCID: PMC10964279 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a kind of aggressive cancer that significantly affects women worldwide, thus making research on alternative and new therapies necessary. The potential impact of bee venom on breast cancer is the main subject of this analysis of this research article. Bee venom has drawn the attention of the world with the help of its constituent ingredients, namely the bioactive compounds, enzymes, and complex blend of proteins. They have a particularly varied chemical makeup and proven anti-cancer capabilities. This is a detailed review demonstrating the components of bee venom and their individual functions in fighting cancer, as well as the results of previously conducted in-vitro and in-vivo research. As described later, bee venom has given positive results in triggering apoptosis, preventing cell migration, inhibiting metastasis and invasion, and suppressing the existing breast cancer cells. It is found to have worked better along with the already existing chemotherapy treatments. These results were also proved with the help of various animal studies that showed reduced tumor development, reduced metastasis, and improved therapeutic effectiveness. Furthermore, certain studies and case reports from all over the world have exhibited consistent results in females affected by breast cancer. This study found that people receiving chemotherapy experienced improved health outcomes and reduced discomfort, with fewer negative side effects. It is important to conduct extensive research on the safety and effectiveness of this treatment because it is yet to be approved. The ideal dosage and administration methods must be explored in clinical trials. Moreover, it is imperative to evaluate the results of any combined treatments with current medications. There should be constant monitoring to prevent any potential side effects. Other important things like allergic reactions and hidden concerns should also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aabhas Bindlish
- Anatomy, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Anupama Sawal
- Anatomy, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Barros YVR, de Andrade AO, da Silva LPD, Pedroza LAL, Bezerra IC, Cavalcanti IDL, de Britto Lira Nogueira MC, Mousinho KC, Antoniolli AR, Alves LC, de Lima Filho JL, Moura AV, Rosini Silva ÁA, de Melo Porcari A, Gubert P. Bee Venom Toxic Effect on MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells and Caenorhabditis Elegans. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2024; 24:798-811. [PMID: 38500290 DOI: 10.2174/0118715206291634240312062957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bee venom has therapeutics and pharmacological properties. Further toxicological studies on animal models are necessary due to the severe allergic reactions caused by this product. METHOD Here, Caenorhabditis elegans was used as an in vivo toxicity model, while breast cancer cells were used to evaluate the pharmacological benefits. The bee venom utilized in this research was collected from Apis mellifera species found in Northeast Brazil. The cytotoxicity caused by bee venom was measured by MTT assay on MDA-MB-231 and J774 A.1 cells during 24 - 72 hours of exposure. C. elegans at the L4 larval stage were exposed for three hours to M9 buffer or bee venom. Survival, behavioral parameters, reproduction, DAF-16 transcription factor translocation, the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and metabolomics were analyzed. Bee venom suppressed the growth of MDA-MB-231 cancer cells and exhibited cytotoxic effects on macrophages. Also, decreased C. elegans survival impacted its behaviors by decreasing C. elegans feeding behavior, movement, and reproduction. RESULTS Bee venom did not increase the expression of SOD-3, but it enhanced DAF-16 translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. C. elegans metabolites differed after bee venom exposure, primarily related to aminoacyl- tRNA biosynthesis, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, and sphingolipid and purine metabolic pathways. Our findings indicate that exposure to bee venom resulted in harmful effects on the cells and animal models examined. CONCLUSION Thus, due to its potential toxic effect and induction of allergic reactions, using bee venom as a therapeutic approach has been limited. The development of controlled-release drug strategies to improve this natural product's efficacy and safety should be intensified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Iago Dillion Lima Cavalcanti
- Keizo Asami Institute, iLIKA, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Science, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Mariane Cajuba de Britto Lira Nogueira
- Keizo Asami Institute, iLIKA, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Academic Center of Vitória, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Carlos Alves
- Keizo Asami Institute, iLIKA, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Science, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Department of Virology and Experimental Therapy, Recife, Brazil.cr
| | - José Luiz de Lima Filho
- Keizo Asami Institute, iLIKA, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Science, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pure and Applied Chemistry, Federal University of Western of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Varão Moura
- MS4Life Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo 12916-900, Brazil
| | - Álex Aparecido Rosini Silva
- MS4Life Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo 12916-900, Brazil
| | - Andréia de Melo Porcari
- MS4Life Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo 12916-900, Brazil
| | - Priscila Gubert
- Keizo Asami Institute, iLIKA, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Yaacoub C, Wehbe R, Roufayel R, Fajloun Z, Coutard B. Bee Venom and Its Two Main Components-Melittin and Phospholipase A2-As Promising Antiviral Drug Candidates. Pathogens 2023; 12:1354. [PMID: 38003818 PMCID: PMC10674158 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12111354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses are known to infect most types of organisms. In humans, they can cause several diseases that range from mild to severe. Although many antiviral therapies have been developed, viral infections continue to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, the discovery of new and effective antiviral agents is desperately needed. Animal venoms are a rich source of bioactive molecules found in natural goods that have been used since ancient times in alternative medicine to treat a variety of human diseases. Recently, and with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, scientists have regained their interest in the possible use of natural products, such as bee venom (BV), as a potential antiviral agent to treat viral infections. BV is known to exert many therapeutic activities such as anti-proliferative, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, there is limited discussion of the antiviral activity of BV in the literature. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the antiviral properties of BV and its two primary constituents, melittin (MEL) and phospholipase A2 (PLA2), against a variety of enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. Finally, the innovative strategies used to reduce the toxicity of BV and its two compounds for the development of new antiviral treatments are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Yaacoub
- Unité des Virus Emergents, Aix-Marseille University, IRD 190-Inserm 1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France;
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology (LBA3B), Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Applications, Doctoral School for Sciences and Technology, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon;
| | - Rim Wehbe
- Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon;
| | - Rabih Roufayel
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila 54200, Kuwait;
| | - Ziad Fajloun
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology (LBA3B), Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Applications, Doctoral School for Sciences and Technology, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon;
- Faculty of Sciences III, Department of Biology, Michel Slayman Tripoli Campus, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1352, Lebanon
| | - Bruno Coutard
- Unité des Virus Emergents, Aix-Marseille University, IRD 190-Inserm 1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France;
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11
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Mo Y, Shi Q, Qi G, Chen K. Potential anti-tumor effects of Solenopsis invicta venom. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1200659. [PMID: 37283754 PMCID: PMC10239855 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1200659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhang Mo
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingxing Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guojun Qi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kebing Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Chi QN, Jia SX, Yin H, Wang LE, Fu XY, Ma YN, Sun MP, Qi YK, Li Z, Du SS. Efficient synthesis and anticancer evaluation of spider toxin peptide LVTX-8-based analogues with enhanced stability. Bioorg Chem 2023; 134:106451. [PMID: 36907048 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Cytotoxic peptides derived from spider venoms have been considered as promising candidates for anticancer treatment. The novel cell penetrating peptide LVTX-8, which is a 25-residue amphipathic α-helical peptide isolated from spider Lycosa vittata, exhibited potent cytotoxicity and is a potential precursor for further anticancer drug development. Nevertheless, LVTX-8 may be easily degraded by multiple proteases, inducing the proteolytic stability problem and short half-life. In this study, ten LVTX-8-based analogs were rationally designed and the efficient manual synthetic method was established by the DIC/Oxyma based condensation system. The cytotoxicity of synthetic peptides was systematically evaluated against seven cancer cell lines. Seven of the derived peptides exhibited high cytotoxicity towards tested cancer in vitro, which was better than or comparable to that of natural LVTX-8. In particular, both N-acetyl and C-hydrazide modified LVTX-8 (825) and the conjugate methotrexate (MTX)-GFLG-LVTX-8 (827) possessed more durable anticancer efficiency, higher proteolytic stability, as well as lower hemolysis. Finally, we confirmed that LVTX-8 could disrupt the integrity of cell membrane, target the mitochondria and reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential to induce the cell death. Taken together, the structural modifications were conducted on LVTX-8 for the first time and the stability significantly improved derivatives 825 and 827 may provide useful references for the modifications of cytotoxic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Na Chi
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Shi-Xi Jia
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266073, China
| | - Li-E Wang
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Reproductive Center, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao 266004, China
| | - Xing-Yan Fu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266073, China
| | - Yan-Nan Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266073, China
| | - Ming-Pu Sun
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yun-Kun Qi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266073, China.
| | - Zhibo Li
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Shan-Shan Du
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266073, China.
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13
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Sevin S, Deveci Ozkan A, Tutun H, Kivrak I, Turna O, Guney Eskiler G. Determination of the Effects of Bee Venom on Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells in Vitro. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202201263. [PMID: 36806913 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Honeybees provide multiple products such as bee venom (BV) which are used for various nutritional and medicinal purposes. BV has received great attention due to its wide range of bioactive components with potential anti-cancer effects on different cancers. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is defined as an aggressive type of breast cancer and new therapeutic targets are required for its treatment. In the current literature information is varied about the composition and quantity of BV bioactive compounds as well as the origin of BV and its significance. In this context, the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of BV with a higher rate of mellitin from Apis mellifera anatoliaca (Muğla ecotype) on MDA-MB-231 cells was evaluated, in vitro. The cytotoxic, apoptotic and morphological effects of BV were determined by WST-1, Annexin V, cell cycle analysis and Acridine Orange staining. The results showed that BV caused apoptotic cell death in TNBC cells at a lower dose (0.47 μg/mL, p<0.01). This study suggests that BV could be developed as a potential therapeutic agent for cancer treatment. However, the mechanism of BV-induced apoptosis death should be clarified at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedat Sevin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, 06070, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Asuman Deveci Ozkan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, 54050, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Hidayet Tutun
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, 15030, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Kivrak
- Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University -, Muğla Vocational School Department of Chemistry and Chemical Treatment Technologies, 48000, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Ozge Turna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul Cerrahpasa University, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gamze Guney Eskiler
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, 54050, Sakarya, Turkey
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14
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Sjakste N, Gajski G. A Review on Genotoxic and Genoprotective Effects of Biologically Active Compounds of Animal Origin. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:165. [PMID: 36828477 PMCID: PMC9961038 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15020165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Envenomation by animal venoms remains a serious medical and social problem, especially in tropical countries. On the other hand, animal venoms are widely used as a source of biologically active compounds for the development of novel drugs. Numerous derivatives of animal venoms are already used in clinical practice. When analysing the mechanisms of action of animal venoms, attention is usually focused on the main target of the venom's enzymes and peptides such as neurotoxic, cytotoxic or haemorrhagic effects. In the present review, we would like to draw attention to the "hidden" effects of animal venoms and their derivatives in regard to DNA damage and/or protection against DNA damage. Alkaloids and terpenoids isolated from sponges such as avarol, ingenamine G or variolin B manifest the capability to bind DNA in vitro and produce DNA breaks. Trabectidin, isolated from a sea squirt, also binds and damages DNA. A similar action is possible for peptides isolated from bee and wasp venoms such as mastoparan, melectin and melittin. However, DNA lesions produced by the crude venoms of jellyfish, scorpions, spiders and snakes arise as a consequence of cell membrane damage and the subsequent oxidative stress, whereas certain animal venoms or their components produce a genoprotective effect. Current research data point to the possibility of using animal venoms and their components in the development of various potential therapeutic agents; however, before their possible clinical use the route of injection, molecular target, mechanism of action, exact dosage, possible side effects and other fundamental parameters should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolajs Sjakste
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, 1004 Riga, Latvia
- Genetics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, 1004 Riga, Latvia
| | - Goran Gajski
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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15
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The transmittable through stinging microbiota differs between honeybees and wasps: a potentially greater microbial risk of the wasp sting for humans. Int Microbiol 2023:10.1007/s10123-023-00332-6. [PMID: 36752864 PMCID: PMC10397125 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00332-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The present research investigated whether accidental contact through stinging with honeybees, wasps, and hornets could represent a microbial hazard for humans. It has been previously suggested that such contact may transmit pathogens causing infections that could even be fatal for some susceptible individuals. Stinging simulation experiments were performed in the lab with live insects collected from the environment in Lemnos Island (north-eastern Greece), while different selective agar media targeting some clinically important bacteria (i.e., Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus faecalis/faecium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were used as substrates for microbial recovery and identification. Results revealed none of the target pathogenic bacterial species in the honeybee samples, with bacilli, staphylococci, and micrococci dominating their surveyed microbiota. However, most of the suspect colonies isolated from wasps and hornets belonged to important hygienic indicators (i.e., enterococci, Proteus mirabilis, and coliforms), implying possible contact of these insects with fecal origin materials. To sum up, the microbiota that may be transmitted to humans through stinging appears to differ between honeybees and wasps/hornets, while the isolation from the latter samples of some other important opportunistic pathogens, such as Enterobacter spp. and Klebsiella spp., also known for multidrug resistance, could be an additional reason of concern.
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16
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Therapeutic Use of Bee Venom and Potential Applications in Veterinary Medicine. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10020119. [PMID: 36851423 PMCID: PMC9965945 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10020119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Apitherapy is a branch of alternative medicine that consists of the treatment of diseases through products collected, processed, and secreted by bees, specifically pollen, propolis, honey, royal jelly, and bee venom. In traditional medicine, the virtues of honey and propolis have been well-known for centuries. The same, however, cannot be said for venom. The use of bee venom is particularly relevant for many therapeutic aspects. In recent decades, scientific studies have confirmed and enabled us to understand its properties. Bee venom has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, central nervous system inhibiting, radioprotective, antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties, among others. Numerous studies have often been summarised in reviews of the scientific literature that have focused on the results obtained with mouse models and their subsequent transposition to the human patient. In contrast, few reviews of scientific work on the use of bee venom in veterinary medicine exist. This review aims to take stock of the research achievements in this particular discipline, with a view to a recapitulation and stabilisation in the different research fields.
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17
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Song FX, Xu X, Ding H, Yu L, Huang H, Hao J, Wu C, Liang R, Zhang S. Recent Progress in Nanomaterial-Based Biosensors and Theranostic Nanomedicine for Bladder Cancer. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:106. [PMID: 36671940 PMCID: PMC9855444 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is one of the most expensive and common malignancies in the urinary system due to its high progression and recurrence rate. Although there are various methods, including cystoscopy, biopsy, and cytology, that have become the standard diagnosis methods for BCa, their intrinsic invasive and inaccurate properties need to be overcome. The novel urine cancer biomarkers are assisted by nanomaterials-based biosensors, such as field-effect transistors (FETs) with high sensitivity and specificity, which may provide solutions to these problems. In addition, nanomaterials can be applied for the advancement of next-generation optical imaging techniques and the contrast agents of conventional techniques; for example, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the diagnosis of BCa. Regarding BCa therapy, nanocarriers, including mucoadhesive nanoparticles and other polymeric nanoparticles, successfully overcome the disadvantages of conventional intravesical instillation and improve the efficacy and safety of intravesical chemotherapy for BCa. Aside from chemotherapy, nanomedicine-based novel therapies, including photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), chemodynamic therapy (CDT), sonodynamic therapy (SDT), and combination therapy, have afforded us new ways to provide BC therapy and hope, which can be translated into the clinic. In addition, nanomotors and the nanomaterials-based solid tumor disassociation strategy provide new ideas for future research. Here, the advances in BCa diagnosis and therapy mentioned above are reviewed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Xin Song
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- College of Nano Science & Technology (CNST), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaojian Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Hengze Ding
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- College of Nano Science & Technology (CNST), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Le Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- College of Nano Science & Technology (CNST), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Haochen Huang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- College of Nano Science & Technology (CNST), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jinting Hao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- College of Nano Science & Technology (CNST), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chenghao Wu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- College of Nano Science & Technology (CNST), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Shaohua Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
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18
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Ullah A, Aldakheel FM, Anjum SI, Raza G, Khan SA, Tlak Gajger I. Pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential of honey bee venom. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:96-109. [PMID: 36685303 PMCID: PMC9845117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey bee venom (BV) is a valuable product, and has a wide range of biological effects, and its use is rapidly increasing in apitherapy. Therefore, the current study, we reviewed the existing knowledge about BV composition and its numerous pharmacological properties for future research and use. Honey bee venom or apitoxin is produced in the venom gland in the honey bee abdomen. Adult bees use it as a primary colony defense mechanism. It is composed of many biologically active substances including peptides, enzymes, amines, amino acids, phospholipids, minerals, carbohydrates as well as some volatile components. Melittin and phospholipase A2 are the most important components of BV, having anti-cancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritis, anti-nociceptive and other curative potentials. Therefore, in medicine, BV has been used for centuries against different diseases like arthritis, rheumatism, back pain, and various inflammatory infections. Nowadays, BV or its components separately, are used for the treatment of various diseases in different countries as a natural medicine with limited side effects. Consequently, scientists as well as several pharmaceutical companies are trying to get a new understanding about BV, its substances and its activity for more effective use of this natural remedy in modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Ullah
- Department of Zoology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Mohammed Aldakheel
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia,Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz Research Chair for Epidemiology and Public Health, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Ishtiaq Anjum
- Department of Zoology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan,Corresponding author.
| | - Ghulam Raza
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Baltistan, Skardu, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ahmad Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ivana Tlak Gajger
- Department for Biology and Pathology of Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Maani Z, Farajnia S, Rahbarnia L, Hosseingholi EZ, Khajehnasiri N, Mansouri P. Rational design of an anti-cancer peptide inhibiting CD147 / Cyp A interaction. J Mol Struct 2023; 1272:134160. [PMID: 36128074 PMCID: PMC9479519 DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The CD147 / Cyp A interaction is a critical pathway in cancer types and an essential factor in entering the COVID-19 virus into the host cell. Melittin acts as an inhibitory peptide in cancer types by blocking the CD147/ Cyp A interaction. The clinical application of Melittin is limited due to weak penetration into cancer cells. TAT is an arginine-rich peptide with high penetration ability into cells widely used in drug delivery systems. This study aimed to design a hybrid peptide derived from Melittin and TAT to inhibit CD147 /Cyp A interaction. An amino acid region with high anti-cancer activity in Melittin was selected based on the physicochemical properties. Based on the results, a truncated Melittin peptide with 15 amino acids by the GGGS linker was fused to a TAT peptide (nine amino acids) to increase the penetration rate into the cell. A new hybrid peptide analog(TM) was selected by replacing the glycine with serine based on random point mutation. Docking results indicated that the TM peptide acts as an inhibitory peptide with high binding energy when interacting with CD147 and the CypA proteins. RMSD and RMSF results confirmed the high stability of the TM peptide in interaction with CD147. Also, the coarse-grained simulation showed the penetration potential of TM peptide into the DOPS-DOPC model membrane. Our findings indicated that the designed multifunctional peptide could be an attractive therapeutic candidate to halter tumor types and COVID-19 infection.
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20
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Hwang YN, Kwon IS, Na HH, Park JS, Kim KC. Dual Cytotoxic Responses Induced by Treatment of A549 Human Lung Cancer Cells with Sweet Bee Venom in a Dose-Dependent Manner. J Pharmacopuncture 2022; 25:390-395. [PMID: 36628342 PMCID: PMC9806155 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2022.25.4.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Sweet bee venom (sBV) is purified from Apis mellifera, containing a high level of melittin-its main component. It has been used as a therapeutic agent for pain relief and anti-inflammation, as well as for treating neuronal abnormalities. Recently, there have been studies on the therapeutic application of sBV for anticancer treatment. In the present study, we investigated the pharmacological effect of sBV treatment in A549 human lung cancer cells. Methods We used microscopic analysis to observe the morphological changes in A549 cells after sBV treatment. The MTT assay was used to examine the cytotoxic effect after dose-dependent sBV treatment. Molecular changes in sBV were evaluated by the expression of apoptosis marker proteins using western blot analysis. Results Microscopic analysis suggested that the growth inhibitory effect occurred in a dose-dependent manner; however, cell lysis occurred at a concentration over 20 μg/mL of sBV. The MTT assay indicated that sBV treatment exhibited a growth inhibitory effect at a concentration over 5 μg/mL. On fluorescence activated cell sorting analysis, G0 dead cells were observed after G1 arrest at treatment concentrations up to 10 μg/mL. However, rapid cell rupture was observed at a concentration of 20 μg/mL. Western blot analysis demonstrated that sBV treatment modulated the expression of multiple cell death-related proteins, including cleaved-PARP, cleaved-caspase 9, p53, Bcl2, and Bax. Conclusion sBV induced cell death in A549 human lung cancer cells at a pharmacological concentration, albeit causing hemolytic cell death at a high concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Na Hwang
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Seo Kwon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Heom Na
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea,Kangwon Center for System Imaging, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sung Park
- Korean Pharmacopuncture Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Cheol Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea,Corresponding Author Keun-Cheol Kim, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak Rd, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea, Tel: +82-33-250-8532, E-mail:
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21
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Sevin S, Kivrak İ, Tutun H, Uyar R, Ayaz F. Apis mellifera anatoliaca Venom Exerted Anti-Inflammatory Activity on LPS-Stimulated Mammalian Macrophages by Reducing the Production of the Inflammatory Cytokines. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 195:3194-3205. [PMID: 36574137 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04284-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Extraction and characterization of natural products provide the opportunity to expand our arsenal of drug candidates against a wide range of diseases including cancer and inflammatory disorders. Previous studies have shown bee venom to have immense potential as an anti-inflammatory drug candidate. In this study, we focused on the venom of Apis mellifera anatoliaca and characterized its content by HPLC. An in vitro inflammation model based on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mammalian macrophages was utilized to examine the venom's anti-inflammatory potential. Additionally, its antiproliferative activity was evaluated in vitro against a human glioblastoma cell line. Based on the TNF, IL6, GMCSF, and IL12p40 pro-inflammatory cytokine production level in LPS-induced macrophages, venom-treated groups showed substantial decrease in the inflammatory action compared to untreated LPS-stimulated macrophages. When the cells were analyzed for viability, the venom did not have any cytotoxic effect on the macrophages at the concentration ranges that were utilized. Moreover, IC50 value of the venom was above 60 µg/mL on glioblastoma cancer cell line. These results suggest that the Apis mellifera anatoliaca venom does not have anticancer drug candidate potential, whereas it can efficiently be used against inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. To our knowledge, this is the first study to specifically examine the effect of anti-inflammatory activity of Apis mellifera anatoliaca venom on macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedat Sevin
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Kivrak
- Muğla Vocational School Department of Chemistry and Chemical Treatment Technologies, MuğlaSıtkıKoçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Hidayet Tutun
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Burdur Mehmet AkifErsoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Recep Uyar
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Furkan Ayaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey.
- Mersin University Biotechnology Research and Application Center, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey.
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Alvarez AB, Caruso B, Petersen SB, Rodríguez PEA, Fidelio GD. Melittin-solid phospholipid mixed films trigger amyloid-like nano-fibril arrangements at air-water interface. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2022; 1864:184048. [PMID: 36115495 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.184048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We used the Langmuir monolayers technique to study the surface properties of melittin toxin mixed with either liquid-condensed DSPC or liquid-expanded POPC phospholipids. Pure melittin peptide forms stable insoluble monolayers at the air-water interface without interacting with Thioflavin T (Th-T), a sensitive probe to detect protein amyloid formation. When melittin peptide is mixed with DSPC lipid at 50 % of peptide area proportion at the surface, we observed the formation of fibril-like structures detected by Brewster angle microscopy (BAM), but they were not observable with POPC. The nano-structures in the melittin-DSPC mixtures became Th-T positive labeling when the arrangement was observed with fluorescence microscopy. In this condition, Th-T undergoes an unexpected shift in the typical emission wavelength of this amyloid marker when a 2D fluorescence analysis is conducted. Even when reflectivity analysis of BAM imaging evidenced that these structures would correspond to the DSPC lipid component of the mixture, the interpretation of ATR-FTIR and Th-T data suggested that both components were involved in a new lipid-peptide rearrangement. These nano-fibril arrangements were also evidenced by scanning electron and atomic force microscopy when the films were transferred to a mica support. The fibril formation was not detected when melittin was mixed with the liquid-expanded POPC lipid. We postulated that DSPC lipids can dynamically trigger the process of amyloid-like nano-arrangement formation at the interface. This process is favored by the relative peptide content, the quality of the interfacial environment, and the physical state of the lipid at the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Bolaño Alvarez
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina; Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba, CIQUIBIC, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Benjamín Caruso
- Cátedra de Química Biológica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIBYT), CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | | | - Gerardo D Fidelio
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina; Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba, CIQUIBIC, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina.
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Yousefpoor Y, Osanloo M, Mirzaei-Parsa MJ, Najafabadi MRH, Hashemi SM, Abbasifard M. Subcutaneous Injection of Bee Venom in Wistar Rats: effects on blood cells and biochemical parameters. J Pharmacopuncture 2022; 25:250-257. [PMID: 36186094 PMCID: PMC9510133 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2022.25.3.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Bee venom (BV) therapy is performed by a bee sting or subcutaneous injection of BV. However, there is not much information on the effect of BV on blood parameters after entering the body. This project aimed to assess the side effects of subcutaneous BV injections in healthy rats by measuring the hematological and biochemical parameters. Methods Various amounts of BV, including 100, 200, and 500 (µg/day), were subcutaneously injected into rats for 30 days. The results showed that BV affected the metabolism of the liver, kidney, and glands. Results An increase in blood sugar and a decrease in other biochemical parameters, including cholesterol, triglyceride, urea, creatinine AST, ALT, ALP, and phosphorous, were observed. Results also showed increased counts of white blood cells, neutrophils (%), and platelets and decreased levels of red cells, hemoglobin, and hematocrit. Conclusion This study demonstrates that BV therapy in medical clinics requires routine care and testing to prevent eventual metabolic and anemia side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Yousefpoor
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.,Khalil Abad Health Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Osanloo
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Mohamad Javad Mirzaei-Parsa
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Hoseini Najafabadi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mitra Abbasifard
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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24
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Kong C, Zhang S, Lei Q, Wu S. State-of-the-Art Advances of Nanomedicine for Diagnosis and Treatment of Bladder Cancer. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12100796. [PMID: 36290934 PMCID: PMC9599190 DOI: 10.3390/bios12100796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system. Cystoscopy, urine cytology, and CT are the routine diagnostic methods. However, there are some problems such as low sensitivity and difficulty in staging, which must be urgently supplemented by novel diagnostic methods. Surgery, intravesical instillation, systemic chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are the main clinical treatments for bladder cancer. It is difficult for conventional treatment to deal with tumor recurrence, progression and drug resistance. In addition, the treatment agents usually have the defects of poor specific distribution ability to target tumor tissues and side effects. The rapid development of nanomedicine has brought hope for the treatment of bladder cancer in reducing side effects, enhancing tumor inhibition effects, and anti-drug resistance. Overall, we review the new progression of nano-platforms in the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfan Kong
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shaohua Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Qifang Lei
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Song Wu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
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25
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Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Propolis and Its Polyphenolic Compounds against Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810479. [PMID: 36142391 PMCID: PMC9499605 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, interest in natural products such as alternative sources of pharmaceuticals for numerous chronic diseases, including tumors, has been renewed. Propolis, a natural product collected by honeybees, and polyphenolic/flavonoid propolis-related components modulate all steps of the cancer progression process. Anticancer activity of propolis and its compounds relies on various mechanisms: cell-cycle arrest and attenuation of cancer cells proliferation, reduction in the number of cancer stem cells, induction of apoptosis, modulation of oncogene signaling pathways, inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases, prevention of metastasis, anti-angiogenesis, anti-inflammatory effects accompanied by the modulation of the tumor microenvironment (by modifying macrophage activation and polarization), epigenetic regulation, antiviral and bactericidal activities, modulation of gut microbiota, and attenuation of chemotherapy-induced deleterious side effects. Ingredients from propolis also "sensitize" cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents, likely by blocking the activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). In this review, we summarize the current knowledge related to the the effects of flavonoids and other polyphenolic compounds from propolis on tumor growth and metastasizing ability, and discuss possible molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the modulation of inflammatory pathways and cellular processes that affect survival, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis of the tumor.
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26
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Majc B, Novak M, Lah TT, Križaj I. Bioactive peptides from venoms against glioma progression. Front Oncol 2022; 12:965882. [PMID: 36119523 PMCID: PMC9476555 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.965882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Venoms are complex mixtures of different molecules and ions. Among them, bioactive peptides have been found to affect cancer hallmarks, such as cell proliferation, cell invasion, cell migration, and can also modulate the immune response of normal and cancer-bearing organisms. In this article, we review the mechanisms of action on these cancer cell features, focusing on bioactive peptides being developed as potential therapeutics for one of the most aggressive and deadly brain tumors, glioblastoma (GB). Novel therapeutic approaches applying bioactive peptides may contribute to multiple targeting of GB and particularly of GB stem cells. Bioactive peptides selectively target cancer cells without harming normal cells. Various molecular targets related to the effects of bioactive peptides on GB have been proposed, including ion channels, integrins, membrane phospholipids and even immunomodulatory treatment of GB. In addition to therapy, some bioactive peptides, such as disintegrins, can also be used for diagnostics or are used as labels for cytotoxic drugs to specifically target cancer cells. Given the limitations described in the last section, successful application in cancer therapy is rather low, as only 3.4% of such peptides have been included in clinical trials and have passed successfully phases I to III. Combined approaches of added bioactive peptides to standard cancer therapies need to be explored using advanced GB in vitro models such as organoids. On the other hand, new methods are also being developed to improve translation from research to practice and provide new hope for GB patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernarda Majc
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- *Correspondence: Bernarda Majc, ; Igor Križaj,
| | - Metka Novak
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tamara T. Lah
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Igor Križaj
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- *Correspondence: Bernarda Majc, ; Igor Križaj,
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Adverse Events Associated with the Clinical Use of Bee Venom: A Review. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14080562. [PMID: 36006224 PMCID: PMC9415809 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14080562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bee venom is used to treat various diseases but can cause a tickling sensation and anaphylaxis during clinical treatment. Adverse events (AEs) associated with bee venom may vary depending on the dosage, method, route of administration, and the country, region, and user. We summarized the AEs of bee venom used in various ways, such as by the injection of extracts, venom immunotherapy (VIT), live bee stings, or external preparations. We conducted a search in eight databases up to 28 February 2022. It took one month to set the topic and about 2 weeks to set the search terms and the search formula. We conducted a search in advance on 21 February to see if there were omissions in the search terms and whether the search formula was correct. There were no restrictions on the language or bee venom method used and diseases treated. However, natural stings that were not used for treatment were excluded. A total of 105 studies were selected, of which 67, 26, 8, and 4 were on the injection of extracts, VIT, live bee stings, and external preparation, respectively. Sixty-three studies accurately described AEs, while 42 did not report AEs. Thirty-five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were evaluated for the risk of bias, and most of the studies had low significance. A large-scale clinical RCT that evaluates results based on objective criteria is needed. Strict criteria are needed for the reporting of AEs associated with bee venom
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Formulation, characterization and cellular toxicity assessment of a novel bee-venom microsphere in prostate cancer treatment. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13213. [PMID: 35918370 PMCID: PMC9346107 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17391-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bee venom (B.V.) is a toxin produced naturally by honey bees with several toxic and therapeutic efficacies. It is used in the treatment of different cancer kinds like renal, hepatic, and prostate cancer. Due to its protein nature, it is degraded in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Colon-targeted drug delivery systems represent a useful tool to protect B.V. from degradation and can be administered orally instead of I.V. infusion and traditional bee stinging. In the present study, B.V. loaded enteric-coated cross-linked microspheres were prepared by emulsion cross-linking method. Percentage yield, entrapment efficiency %, swelling degree, and in-vitro release are evaluated for prepared microspheres. Free B.V., optimized microspheres formula (F3), and doxorubicin cytotoxic effects were tested by MTT assay. Results concluded that free B.V. was more effective against the growth of human prostate adenocarcinoma (PC3) cells followed by optimized microspheres than doxorubicin. But both free B.V. and doxorubicin have a cytotoxic effect on normal oral epithelial cells (OEC). According to flow cytometric analysis, the optimized microsphere formula induced apoptosis and reduced necrosis percent at IC50 concentration. Furthermore, microspheres did not affect the viability of OEC. These results revealed that microspheres have a degree of specificity for malignant cells. Therefore, it seems that this targeted formulation could be a good candidate for future clinical trials for cancer therapy.
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Jung H, Kim YS, Jung DM, Lee KS, Lee JM, Kim KK. Melittin-derived peptides exhibit variations in cytotoxicity and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and allergenic activities. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2022; 26:158-165. [PMID: 36046032 PMCID: PMC9423820 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2022.2099971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Melittin is a major component of bee venom; it is widely used in traditional medicine because of its therapeutic effects, such as anti-inflammatory effects. However, melittin has limited medical applications owing to its adverse effects, such as high cytotoxicity. In this study, we investigated the physiological activities of various hydrolyzed melittin-derived peptides to eliminate the cytotoxicity of melittin and enhance its efficacy. The 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assay confirmed that melittin-derived peptides showed antioxidant activity comparable to that of melittin. Moreover, unlike melittin, which showed high cytotoxicity in the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)−5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)−2-(4-sulfophenyl)−2H-tetrazolium inner salt (MTS) assay, the melittin-derived peptides showed negligible cytotoxicity. Among the melittin-derived peptides, the peptide composed of sequence TTGLPALISWIKRKRQQ (P1) showed inhibitory effects on the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines and phosphorylation of IκBα, similar to the effects of melittin in RAW 264.7 cells. Degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells was analyzed using a β-hexosaminidase release assay to confirm the allergenic activity of melittin and P1, which showed remarkably reduced allergenicity of P1 compared to that of melittin. These results indicate that P1 maintained the anti-inflammatory effects of melittin while reducing its cytotoxicity and allergic reactions. In conclusion, the melittin-derived peptide P1 efficiently decreased the adverse effects while maintaining the beneficial effects of melittin, making it suitable for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haesoo Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Dong Seo Medical Research Institute, Namyangju-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Min Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Seob Lee
- Dong Seo Medical Research Institute, Namyangju-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Min Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee K. Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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30
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Yu C, Li Y, Chen G, Wu C, Wang X, Zhang Y. Bioactive constituents of animal-derived traditional Chinese medicinal materials for breast cancer: opportunities and challenges. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:547-563. [PMID: 35794685 PMCID: PMC9264107 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2101019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is globally the most common invasive cancer in women and remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and endocrine therapy are currently the main treatments for this cancer type. However, some breast cancer patients are prone to drug resistance related to chemotherapy or immunotherapy, resulting in limited treatment efficacy. Consequently, traditional Chinese medicinal materials (TCMMs) as natural products have become an attractive source of novel drugs. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on the active components of animal-derived TCMMs, including Ophiocordycepssinensis-derived cordycepin, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of O.sinensis, norcantharidin (NCTD), Chansu, bee venom, deer antlers, Ostreagigas, and scorpion venom, with reference to marked anti-breast cancer effects due to regulating cell cycle arrest, proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and drug resistance. In future studies, the underlying mechanisms for the antitumor effects of these components need to be further investigated by utilizing multi-omics technologies. Furthermore, large-scale clinical trials are necessary to validate the efficacy of bioactive constituents alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaochao Yu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Guopeng Chen
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chaoyan Wu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiuping Wang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yingwen Zhang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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31
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Wang Y, Kang H, Jin M, Wang G, Ma W, Liu Z, Xue Y, Li C. Phenotypic and Transcriptomics Analyses Reveal Underlying Mechanisms in a Mouse Model of Corneal Bee Sting. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14070468. [PMID: 35878206 PMCID: PMC9323056 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14070468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal bee sting (CBS) is one of the most common ocular traumas and can lead to blindness. The ophthalmic manifestations are caused by direct mechanical effects of bee stings, toxic effects, and host immune responses to bee venom (BV); however, the underlying pathogenesis remains unclear. Clinically, topical steroids and antibiotics are routinely used to treat CBS patients but the specific drug targets are unknown; therefore, it is imperative to study the pathological characteristics, injury mechanisms, and therapeutic targets involved in CBS. In the present study, a CBS injury model was successfully established by injecting BV into the corneal stroma of healthy C57BL/6 mice. F-actin staining revealed corneal endothelial cell damage, decreased density, skeletal disorder, and thickened corneal stromal. The terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay showed apoptosis of both epithelial and endothelial cells. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that cytokine–cytokine interactions were the most relevant pathway for pathogenesis. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis showed that IL-1, TNF, and IL-6 were the most relevant nodes. RNA-seq after the application of Tobradex® (0.3% tobramycin and 0.1% dexamethasone) eye ointment showed that Tobradex® not only downregulated relevant inflammatory factors but also reduced corneal pain as well as promoted nerve regeneration by repairing axons. Here, a stable and reliable model of CBS injury was successfully established for the first time, and the pathogenesis of CBS and the therapeutic targets of Tobradex® are discussed. These hub genes are expected to be biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and treatment of CBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzi Wang
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (Y.W.); (H.K.); (M.J.); (Z.L.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Honghua Kang
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (Y.W.); (H.K.); (M.J.); (Z.L.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Mengyi Jin
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (Y.W.); (H.K.); (M.J.); (Z.L.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China;
| | - Weifang Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, No.4 West China Teaching Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Zhen Liu
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (Y.W.); (H.K.); (M.J.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yuhua Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China;
- Correspondence: (Y.X.); (C.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-592-2189698 (Y.X.)
| | - Cheng Li
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (Y.W.); (H.K.); (M.J.); (Z.L.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Correspondence: (Y.X.); (C.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-592-2189698 (Y.X.)
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Soltan-Alinejad P, Alipour H, Meharabani D, Azizi K. Therapeutic Potential of Bee and Scorpion Venom Phospholipase A2 (PLA2): A Narrative Review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:300-313. [PMID: 35919080 PMCID: PMC9339116 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2021.88511.1927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Venomous arthropods such as scorpions and bees form one of the important groups with an essential role in medical entomology. Their venom possesses a mixture of diverse compounds, such as peptides, some of which have toxic effects, and enzymatic peptide Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) with a pharmacological potential in the treatment of a wide range of diseases. Bee and scorpion venom PLA2 group III has been used in immunotherapy, the treatment of neurodegenerative and inflammatory diseases. They were assessed for antinociceptive, wound healing, anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-parasitic, and anti-angiogenesis effects. PLA2 has been identified in different species of scorpions and bees. The anti-leishmania, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and anti-malarial activities of scorpion PLA2 still need further investigation. Many pieces of research have been stopped in the laboratory stage, and several studies need vast investigation in the clinical phase to show the pharmacological potential of PLA2. In this review, the medical significance of PLA2 from the venom of two arthropods, namely bees and scorpions, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Soltan-Alinejad
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamzeh Alipour
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Davood Meharabani
- Li Ka Shing Center for Health Research and Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada,
Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kourosh Azizi
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Ion transporters: emerging agents for anticancer therapy. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1258-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sonmez E, Kekecoglu M, Bozdeveci A, Karaoglu SA. Chemical profiling and antimicrobial effect of Anatolian honey bee venom. Toxicon 2022; 213:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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35
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Senturk A, Dalkiran B, Acikgoz B, Aksu I, Acikgoz O, Kiray M. The effects of bee venom on liver and skeletal muscle in exhaustive swimming rats. Biol Futur 2022; 73:237-244. [PMID: 35291017 DOI: 10.1007/s42977-022-00115-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative damage and proinflammatory cytokines are involved in exhaustive exercise-induced fatigue. This study aimed to investigate the effects of bee venom, a natural toxin, on fatigue and tissue damage in rats that underwent forced swimming exercise. Rats were divided into four groups: control, swimming exercise (SE), bee venom (BV) and swimming exercise + bee venom (SE + BV). SE and SE + BV groups were subjected to forced swimming (load of 7% body weight) for 5 days. BV and SE + BV groups were injected with 1 mg/kg BV subcutaneously. Swimming time, blood lactate and TNF-α levels, MDA and GSH levels in liver and gastrocnemius muscle were evaluated. Swimming time was shorter in SE + BV group than SE group. There was no difference in lactate levels between SE and SE + BV groups. MDA and GSH levels were increased in SE, BV and SE + BV groups. TNF-α levels were increased in BV group compared to control and SE groups. Our study demonstrated that BV administration before exhaustive exercise in rats did not provide anti-fatigue effect. Additionally, BV did not show anti-inflammatory activity and had different effects on antioxidant capacity at tissue level. Further research might explore the effects of different doses and durations of BV on exhaustive exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Askin Senturk
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35330, Turkey
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35330, Turkey
| | - Bahar Dalkiran
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35330, Turkey
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35330, Turkey
| | - Burcu Acikgoz
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35330, Turkey
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35330, Turkey
| | - Ilkay Aksu
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35330, Turkey
| | - Osman Acikgoz
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35330, Turkey
| | - Muge Kiray
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35330, Turkey.
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Apis mellifera syriaca Venom: Evaluation of Its Anticoagulant Effect, Proteolytic Activity, and Cytotoxicity along with Its Two Main Compounds-MEL and PLA2-On HeLa Cancer Cells. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27051653. [PMID: 35268753 PMCID: PMC8911881 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bee venom (BV) is one of the most remarkable natural products that has been a subject of studies since ancient times. Recent studies have shown that Apis mellifera syriaca venom possesses antibacterial as well as cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines. The venom contains a variety of bioactive molecules—mainly melittin (MEL) and phospholipase A2 (PLA2), as well as other compounds that are not well characterized. In this work, we continue the biological characterization of A. mellifera syriaca venom by testing its anticoagulant effect on human plasma using the prothrombin time (PT) test, as well as assessing its proteolytic activity. In addition, the cytotoxicity of the crude venom—and of its two main components, MEL and PLA2—was tested on HeLa cancer cell lines for the first time. The results obtained showed the capacity of A. mellifera syriaca venom to increase clotting time, thereby proving its anticoagulant effect. Moreover, the venom did not demonstrate a significant proteolytic activity unless administrated at concentrations ≥ 5 mg/mL. Finally, we showed that crude A. mellifera syriaca venom, along with MEL, exhibit a strong in vitro cytotoxic effect on HeLa cancer cell lines, even at low concentrations. In summary, our findings could serve as a basis for the development of new natural-based drug candidates in the therapeutic field.
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Zhao Q, Feng H, Yang Z, Liang J, Jin Z, Chen L, Zhan L, Xuan M, Yan J, Kuang J, Cheng X, Zhao R, Qiu W. The central role of a two‐way positive feedback pathway in molecular targeted therapies‐mediated pyroptosis in anaplastic thyroid cancer. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e727. [PMID: 35184413 PMCID: PMC8858618 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is one of the most aggressive tumours. We previously confirmed that apatinib has potential therapeutic effects on ATC via regulated cell death (RCD). As a newly identified RCD, pyroptosis demonstrates direct antitumour activity different from apoptosis or autophagy. Therefore, the clinical significance, regulatory role and underlying mechanisms of pyroptosis in ATC were focused on in this study. Methods In a phase II trial, patients with anaplastic or poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma received apatinib 500 mg once daily. Multiple assays were implemented to evaluate the antitumour efficacy of apatinib and/or melittin in vitro and in vivo. High‐throughput sequencing was applied to analyse differential mRNAs expression in ATC cells treated by apatinib with or without melittin. In situ Hoechst 33342/PI double‐staining, LDH release assay and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were employed to determine pyroptosis. In mechanism exploration, quantitative RT‐PCR, Western blotting and si‐RNA knocking down were executed. Results Seventeen patients were evaluable. Apatinib showed a promising therapeutic effect by a disease control rate (DCR) of 88.2%; however, treatment was terminated in 23.5% of patients due to intolerable toxicity. To reduce adverse events, a pyroptosis‐mediated synergistic antitumour effect of apatinib and melittin was identified in treatment of ATC in vitro and in vivo. The caspase‐1–gasdermin D (GSDMD) axis‐mediated pyroptosis was the key to extra antitumour effect of the combination of apatinib and melittin. Moreover, caspase‐3–gasdermin E (GSDME) pyroptosis pathway also functioned importantly in addition to caspase‐1–GSDMD pathway. Evidenced by in vitro and in vivo study, a two‐way positive feedback interaction was innovatively confirmed between caspase‐1–GSDMD and caspase‐3–GSDME axes. Conclusions Through pyroptosis mediated by caspase‐1–GSDMD and caspase‐3–GSDME axes synchronically, low‐dosage apatinib and melittin could synergistically achieve a comparable therapeutic potential with reduced AEs. More importantly, a two‐way positive feedback interaction is innovatively proposed between these two axes, which provide a new prospect of targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwu Zhao
- Department of General Surgery Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Haoran Feng
- Department of General Surgery Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Zheyu Yang
- Department of General Surgery Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Juyong Liang
- Department of General Surgery Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Zhijian Jin
- Department of General Surgery Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Lingxie Chen
- Department of General Surgery Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Ling Zhan
- Department of General Surgery Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Ming Xuan
- Department of General Surgery Ruijin Hospital Gubei Campus Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Jiqi Yan
- Department of General Surgery Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Jie Kuang
- Department of General Surgery Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Department of General Surgery Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Ren Zhao
- Department of General Surgery Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Weihua Qiu
- Department of General Surgery Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
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Varol A, Sezen S, Evcimen D, Zarepour A, Ulus G, Zarrabi A, Badr G, Daştan SD, Orbayoğlu AG, Selamoğlu Z, Varol M. Cellular targets and molecular activity mechanisms of bee venom in cancer: recent trends and developments. TOXIN REV 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2021.2024576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Varol
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Serap Sezen
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Istanbul, Turkey
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilhan Evcimen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kotekli Campus, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Atefeh Zarepour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gönül Ulus
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gamal Badr
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Immunology, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Sevgi Durna Daştan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Asya Gülistan Orbayoğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kotekli Campus, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Zeliha Selamoğlu
- Department Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Varol
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kotekli Campus, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
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Małek A, Kocot J, Mitrowska K, Posyniak A, Kurzepa J. Bee Venom Effect on Glioblastoma Cells Viability and Gelatinase Secretion. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:792970. [PMID: 35221898 PMCID: PMC8873382 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.792970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe involvement of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the pathogenesis of various kinds of cancers including glioblastoma is well documented. The evaluation of the anticancer potential of honey bee (Apis mellifera) venom (BV) consisting of the inhibition of MMP-2 and MMP-9 secretion in a glioblastoma cell culture model was the aim of the study.Methods8-MG-BA and GAMG human primary glioblastoma cell lines vs. HT-22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells were applied for the study. The BV dose (0.5, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, and 5.0 μg/ml) and time-dependent (24, 48, 72 h) cytotoxicity was evaluated with the tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay (MTT test). MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities in the cell culture medium under different BV concentrations were determined by gelatin zymography.ResultsA dose and time-dependent BV effect on cytotoxicity of both glioblastoma cell lines and hippocampus line was observed. The weakest, but statistically important effect was exerted by BV on HT-22 cells. The greatest cytotoxic effect of BV was observed on the 8-MG-BA line, where a statistically significant reduction in viability was observed at the lowest BV dose and the shortest incubation time. The reduction of both gelatinases secretion was observed at 8-MG-BA and GAMG lines without significant effect of HT-22 cell line.ConclusionIn vitro studies indicate that BV has both cytotoxic and inhibitory effects on the secretion of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in selected lines of glioma, suggesting anticancer properties of BV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Małek
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- *Correspondence: Agata Małek,
| | - Joanna Kocot
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Kamila Mitrowska
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Puławy, Poland
| | - Andrzej Posyniak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Puławy, Poland
| | - Jacek Kurzepa
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- Jacek Kurzepa,
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Soares-Silva B, Beserra-Filho JIA, Morera PMA, Custódio-Silva AC, Maria-Macêdo A, Silva-Martins S, Alexandre-Silva V, Silva SP, Silva RH, Ribeiro AM. The bee venom active compound melittin protects against bicuculline-induced seizures and hippocampal astrocyte activation in rats. Neuropeptides 2022; 91:102209. [PMID: 34808488 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2021.102209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neuropathology characterized by an abnormal hyperactivity of neurons that generate recurrent, spontaneous, paradoxical and synchronized nerve impulses, leading or not to seizures. This neurological disorder affects around 70 million individuals worldwide. Pharmacoresistance is observed in about 30% of the patients and long-term use of antiepileptics may induce serious side effects. Thus, there is an interest in the study of the therapeutic potential of bioactive substances isolated from natural products in the treatment of epilepsy. Arthropod venoms contain neurotoxins that have high affinity for molecular structures in the neural tissue such as receptors, transporters and ion channels both in glial and neuronal membranes. This study evaluated the potential neuroprotective effect of melittin (MEL), an active compound of bee venom, in the bicuculline-induced seizure model (BIC) in rats. Male Wistar rats (3 months, 250-300 g) were submitted to surgery for the implantation of a unilateral cannula in the lateral ventricle. After the recovery period, rats received a microinjection of saline solution or MEL (0.1 mg per animal). Firstly, rats were evaluated in the open field (20 min) and in the elevated plus maze (5 min) tests after received microinjection of saline or MEL. After, 30 min later animals received BIC (100 mg/ml) or saline, and their behaviors were analyzed for 20 min in the open field according to a seizure scale. At the end, rats were euthanized, brains collected and processed to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunohistochemistry evaluation. No changes were observed in MEL-treated rats in the open field and elevated plus maze. However, 90% of MEL-treated animals were protected against seizures induced by BIC. There was an increase in the latency for the onset of seizures, accompanied by a reduction of GFAP-immunoreactivity cells in the dentate gyrus and CA1. Thus, our study suggests that MEL has an anticonvulsant potential, and further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms involved in this action.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Ivo Araújo Beserra-Filho
- Departament of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Amanda Maria-Macêdo
- Departament of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sara Pereira Silva
- Departament of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Regina Helena Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Sweet Bee Venom Triggers Multiple Cell Death Pathways or Spurs Acute Cell Rupture According to Its Concentration in THP-1 Monocytic Leukemia Cells. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020223. [PMID: 35205267 PMCID: PMC8872029 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sweet bee venom (sBV) contains various pharmacologically active components of bee venom (BV), but it is modified via the removal of the harmful substances found in BV. Thus, sBV has been used for pain relief in Oriental medicine but has only recently been applied for the treatment of various diseases. In this study, we examined the pharmacological effects and immunomodulatory functions of sBV in THP-1 monocytic leukemia cells. Growth inhibition and cell death were observed according to the concentration of sBV. However, the rapid collapse of cell cycle distribution was shown at 20 μg/mL sBV treatment, indicating that sBV led to cell death or acute cell rupture according to concentration. sBV administration activated Caspase-9, PARP1, RIPK1, and RIPK3, suggesting that the pharmacological actions of sBV were associated with induction of apoptosis and necroptosis. On the other hand, sBV or LPS administration increased cytokine expression, including IL-1β, and showed synergistic cell death in combinatory treatment conditions. Moreover, combinatory administration of sBV and LPS induced severe damage or death during egg development. This result implies that sBV exhibits both pharmacological and toxic effects depending on its concentration. Therefore, sBV might be a promising therapeutic approach, but optimal concentration should be considered before treatment.
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Abdulmalek S, Mostafa N, Gomaa M, El‑Kersh M, Elkady AI, Balbaa M. Bee venom-loaded EGFR-targeting peptide-coupled chitosan nanoparticles for effective therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting EGFR-mediated MEK/ERK pathway. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272776. [PMID: 35947632 PMCID: PMC9365195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the world's most risky diseases due to the lack of clear and cost-effective therapeutic targets. Currently, the toxicity of conventional chemotherapeutic medications and the development of multidrug resistance is driving research into targeted therapies. The nano-biomedical field's potential for developing an effective therapeutic nano-sized drug delivery system is viewed as a significant pharmaceutical trend for the encapsulation and release of numerous anticancer therapies. In this regard, current research is centered on the creation of biodegradable chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) for the selective and sustained release of bee venom into liver cancer cells. Furthermore, surface modification with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and GE11 peptide-conjugated bee venom-CSNPs allows for the targeting of EGFR-overexpressed liver cancer cells. A series of in vitro and in vivo cellular analyses were used to investigate the antitumor effects and mechanisms of targeted bee venom-CSNPs. Targeted bee venom-CSNPs, in particular, were found to have higher cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells than SMMC-7721 cells, as well as stronger cellular uptake and a substantial reduction in cell migration, leading to improved cancer suppression. It also promotes cancer cell death in EGFR overexpressed HepG2 cells by boosting reactive oxygen species, activating mitochondria-dependent pathways, inhibiting EGFR-stimulated MEK/ERK pathway, and elevating p38-MAPK in comparison to native bee venom. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-induced mice, it has anti-cancer properties against tumor tissue. It also improved liver function and architecture without causing any noticeable toxic side effects, as well as inhibiting tumor growth by activating the apoptotic pathway. The design of this cancer-targeted nanoparticle establishes GE11-bee venom-CSNPs as a potential chemotherapeutic treatment for EGFR over-expressed malignancies. Finally, our work elucidates the molecular mechanism underlying the anticancer selectivity of targeted bee venom-CSNPs and outlines therapeutic strategies to target liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaymaa Abdulmalek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nouf Mostafa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa Gomaa
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El‑Kersh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ayman I. Elkady
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Balbaa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- * E-mail:
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Chemical, Cytotoxic, and Anti-Inflammatory Assessment of Honey Bee Venom from Apis mellifera intermissa. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10121514. [PMID: 34943726 PMCID: PMC8698958 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10121514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The venom from Apis mellifera intermissa, the main honey bee prevailing in Morocco, has been scarcely studied, despite its known potential for pharmacological applications. In the present work, we investigated the composition, the anti-inflammatory activity, and the venom’s cytotoxic properties from fifteen honey bee venom (HBV) samples collected in three regions: northeast, central, and southern Morocco. The chemical assessment of honey bee venom was performed using LC-DAD/ESI/MSn, NIR spectroscopy and AAS spectroscopy. The antiproliferative effect was evaluated using human tumor cell lines, including breast adenocarcinoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and malignant melanoma. Likewise, we assessed the anti-inflammatory activity using the murine macrophage cell line. The study provides information on the honey bee venom subspecies’ main components, such as melittin, apamin, and phospholipase A2, with compositional variation depending on the region of collection. Contents of toxic elements such as cadmium, chromium, and plumb were detected at a concentration below 5 ppm, which can be regarded as safe for pharmaceutical use. The data presented contribute to the first study in HBV from Apis mellifera intermissa and highlight the remarkable antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of HBV, suggesting it to be a candidate natural medicine to explore.
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Shetab-Boushehri SMH, Hosseini A, Rafinejad J, Ebadollahi-Natanzi A, Shetab-Boushehri SV. Cytotoxic, necrotic, apoptotic, and autophagic properties of venom sac extract of Vespa orientalis in T47D and MCF10A breast cell lines. TOXIN REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2021.2007404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Asieh Hosseini
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Rafinejad
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Ebadollahi-Natanzi
- Medicinal Plants Department, Imam Khomeini Higher Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Seyed Vahid Shetab-Boushehri
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Ameretat Shimi Pharmaceutical Co, Tehran, Iran
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Li F, Wu S, Chen N, Zhu J, Zhao X, Zhang P, Zeng Y, Liu Z. Fatty Acid Modification of the Anticancer Peptide LVTX-9 to Enhance Its Cytotoxicity against Malignant Melanoma Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13120867. [PMID: 34941705 PMCID: PMC8708390 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13120867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Spider venom is a valuable resource for the development of novel anticancer drugs. In this study, we focused on novel linear amphipathic α-helical anticancer peptide LVTX-9, which was derived from the cDNA library of the venom gland of the spider Lycosa vittata. The cytotoxicity of LVTX-9 against murine melanoma cells in the range of 1.56-200 μM was tested and found to be significantly lower than those of most anticancer peptides reported. Its IC50 was determined to be 59.2 ± 19.8 μM in a serum or 76.3 ± 12.7 μM in serum-free medium. Fatty acid modification is a promising strategy for improving peptide performance. Therefore, to enhance the cytotoxic activity of LVTX-9, fatty acid modification of this peptide was performed, and five different carbon chain length lipopeptides named LVTX-9-C12-C20 were produced. Among them, the lipopeptide LVTX-9-C18 showed the highest cytotoxic activity in relation to B16-F10 cells, whether in a serum or serum-free medium. Most importantly, the cytotoxic activity of LVTX-9-C18 was improved by about 12.9 times in a serum medium or 19.3 times in a serum-free medium compared to that of LVTX-9. Subsequently, assays including scanning electron microscopy, trypan blue staining, lactate dehydrogenase leakage assay, and hemolytic activity could indicate that the potential direct cell membrane disruption is the main mechanism of LVTX-9-C18 to induce cancer cell death. Furthermore, the LVTX-9-C18 also showed strong cytotoxicity in relation to 3D B16-F10 spheroids, which indicates it might be a promising lead for developing anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiao Li
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (F.L.); (S.W.); (N.C.); (J.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Saizhi Wu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (F.L.); (S.W.); (N.C.); (J.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Ninglin Chen
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (F.L.); (S.W.); (N.C.); (J.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Jingyu Zhu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (F.L.); (S.W.); (N.C.); (J.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (F.L.); (S.W.); (N.C.); (J.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Peng Zhang
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (F.L.); (S.W.); (N.C.); (J.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Hunan Normal University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Changsha 410081, China
- Correspondence: (P.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Youlin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Hunan Normal University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Changsha 410081, China
- Correspondence: (P.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (F.L.); (S.W.); (N.C.); (J.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Correspondence: (P.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.L.)
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Ye R, Zheng Y, Chen Y, Wei X, Shi S, Chen Y, Zhu W, Wang A, Yang L, Xu Y, Peng J. Stable Loading and Delivery of Melittin with Lipid-Coated Polymeric Nanoparticles for Effective Tumor Therapy with Negligible Systemic Toxicity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:55902-55912. [PMID: 34793125 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Melittin is a potential anticancer candidate with remarkable antitumor activity and ability to overcome tumor drug resistance. However, the clinical applications of melittin are largely restricted by its severe hemolytic activity and nonspecific cytotoxicity after systemic administration. Here, a biocompatible and stable melittin-loaded lipid-coated polymeric nanoparticle (MpG@LPN) formulation that contains a melittin/poly-γ-glutamic acid nanoparticle inner core, a lipid membrane middle layer, and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) and PEG-targeting molecule outer shell was designed. The formulations were prepared by applying a self-assembly procedure based on intermolecular interactions, including electrostatic attraction and hydrophobic effect. The core-shell MpG@LPN presented high efficiency for melittin encapsulation and high stability in physiological conditions. Hemolysis and cell proliferation assays showed that the PEG-modified MpG@LPN had almost no hemolytic activity and nonspecific cytotoxicity even at high concentrations. The modification of targeting molecules on the MpG@LPNs allowed for the selective binding with target tumor cells and cytolytic activity via apoptosis induction. In vivo experiments revealed that MpG@LPNs can remarkably inhibit the growth of tumors without the occurrence of hemolysis and tissue toxicity. Results suggested that the developed MpG@LPN with a core-shell structure can effectively address the main obstacles of melittin in clinical applications and has great potential in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Sanyuan Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yuetan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wanxin Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Anqi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Liuxin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yuhong Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Dali University, Dali City 671000, P. R. China
| | - Jinliang Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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Bobrovsky P, Manuvera V, Baskova I, Nemirova S, Medvedev A, Lazarev V. Recombinant Destabilase from Hirudo medicinalis Is Able to Dissolve Human Blood Clots In Vitro. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:2068-2081. [PMID: 34889897 PMCID: PMC8929072 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43030143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Leeches are amazing animals that can be classified as conditionally poisonous animals since the salivary cocktail they produce is injected directly into the victim, and its components have strictly defined biological purposes, such as preventing blood clot formation. Thrombolytic drugs are mainly aimed at treating newly formed blood clots. Aged clots are stabilized by a large number of isopeptide bonds that prevent the action of thrombolytics. These bonds are destroyed by destabilase, an enzyme of the leech’s salivary glands. Here, we conducted a pilot study to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the use of destabilase in relation to blood clots formed during real pathological processes. We evaluated the isopeptidase activity of destabilase during the formation of a stabilized fibrin clot. We showed that destabilase does not affect the internal and external coagulation cascades. We calculated the dose–response curve and tested the ability of destabilase to destroy isopeptide bonds in natural blood clots. The effect of aged and fresh clots dissolving ability after treatment with destabilase coincided with the morphological characteristics of clots during surgery. Thus, recombinant destabilase can be considered as a potential drug for the treatment of aged clots, which are difficult to treat with known thrombolytics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Bobrovsky
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (V.M.); (V.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-9166047849
| | - Valentin Manuvera
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (V.M.); (V.L.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Izolda Baskova
- Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Svetlana Nemirova
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Privolzhsky Research Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (S.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Alexandr Medvedev
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Privolzhsky Research Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (S.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Vassili Lazarev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (V.M.); (V.L.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
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Tang C, Liu H, Fan Y, He J, Li F, Wang J, Hou Y. Functional Nanomedicines for Targeted Therapy of Bladder Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:778973. [PMID: 34867408 PMCID: PMC8635105 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.778973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of most common malignant urinary tract tumor types with high incidence worldwide. In general, transurethral resection of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer followed by intravesical instillation of chemotherapy is the standard treatment approach to minimize recurrence and delay progression of bladder cancer. However, conventional intravesical chemotherapy lacks selectivity for tumor tissues and the concentration of drug is reduced with the excretion of urine, leading to frequent administration and heavy local irritation symptoms. While nanomedicines can overcome all the above shortcomings and adhere to the surface of bladder tumors for a long time, and continuously and efficiently release drugs to bladder cancers. The rapid advances in targeted therapy have led to significant improvements in drug efficacy and precision of targeted drug delivery to eradicate tumor cells, with reduced side-effects. This review summarizes the different available nano-systems of targeted drug delivery to bladder cancer tissues. The challenges and prospects of targeted therapy for bladder cancer are additionally discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tang
- Department of Urology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Urology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanpeng Fan
- Department of Urology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiahao He
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Fuqiu Li
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Urology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuchuan Hou
- Department of Urology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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The Responsiveness of Bee Venom Phospholipase A2 on Regulatory T Cells Correlates with the CD11c +CD206 +Population in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13100717. [PMID: 34679010 PMCID: PMC8539571 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13100717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bee venom phospholipase A2 (bvPLA2) has been reported to have therapeutic effects such as neuroprotection, anti-inflammation, anti-nociception, anti-cancer properties, caused by increasing regulatory T cells (Tregs). The mechanism of Tregs modulation by bvPLA2 has been demonstrated by binding with the mannose receptor, CD206 in experimental models of several diseases. However, it remains unknown whether this mechanism can also be applied in human blood. In this study, we collected peripheral blood samples from healthy donors and analyzed the percentages of monocyte-derived dendritic cells with CD206 (CD206+ DCs) before expansion, the proportion of Tregs, and the subpopulations after expansion treated with bvPLA2 or PBS using flow cytometry and the correlations among them. The percentage of Tregs tended to be higher in the bvPLA2 group than in the control group. There were significant positive correlations between the CD206 population in hPBMC and the proportions of Tregs treated with bvPLA2, especially in the Treg fold change comparing the increase ratio of Tregs in bvPLA2 and in PBS. These findings indicate that bvPLA2 increased the proportion of Tregs in healthy human peripheral blood and the number of CD206+ DCs could be a predictor of the bvPLA2 response of different individuals.
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50
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Quijia CR, Chorilli M. Piperine for treating breast cancer: A review of molecular mechanisms, combination with anticancer drugs, and nanosystems. Phytother Res 2021; 36:147-163. [PMID: 34559416 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Piperine (PIP) is an alkaloid found primarily in Piper longum, and this natural compound has been shown to exert effects on proliferation and survival against various types of cancer. In particular, PIP has potent inhibitory effects on breast cancer (BC), the most prevalent type of cancer in women worldwide. PIP targets numerous signaling pathways associated with the therapy of BC cells through the following mechanisms: (a) induction of arrest of the cell cycle and apoptosis; (b) alteration of the signaling protein expression; (c) reduction in transcription factors; and (d) inhibition of tumor growth. BC cells have the ability to resist conventional drugs, so one of the strategies is the combination of PIP with other phytochemicals such as paclitaxel, thymoquinone, hesperidin, bee venom, tamoxifen, mitoxantrone, piperlongumin, and curcumin. Nanotechnology-based drug encapsulation systems are currently used to enhance the release of PIP. This includes polymer nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and liposomes. In the present review, the chemistry and bioavailability of PIP, its molecular targets in BC, and nanotechnological strategies are discussed. Future research directions are also discussed to further understand this promising natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
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