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Nakano T, Kishimoto H, Tokumoto M. Direct and indirect effects of fibroblast growth factor 23 on the heart. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1059179. [PMID: 36909314 PMCID: PMC9999118 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1059179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)23 is a bone-derived phosphotropic hormone that regulates phosphate and mineral homeostasis. Recent studies have provided evidence that a high plasma concentration of FGF23 is associated with cardiac disease, including left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and cardiac death. Experimental studies have shown that FGF23 activates fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4)/phospholipase Cγ/calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cells signaling in cardiomyocytes and induces cardiac hypertrophy in rodents. Activation of FGFR4 by FGF23 normally requires the co-receptor α-klotho, and klotho-independent signaling occurs only under conditions characterized by extremely high FGF23 concentrations. Recent studies have demonstrated that FGF23 activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and induces LVH, at least in part as a result of lower vitamin D activation. Moreover, crosstalk between FGF23 and RAAS results in the induction of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. In this review, we summarize the results of studies regarding the relationships between FGF23 and cardiac events, and describe the potential direct and indirect mechanisms whereby FGF23 induces LVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Nakano
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- *Correspondence: Toshiaki Nakano,
| | - Hiroshi Kishimoto
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masanori Tokumoto
- Department of Nephrology, Fukuoka Red Cross Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
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Liu B, Yang Q, Zhao L, Shui H, Si X. Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism predicts left ventricular hypertrophy in maintenance hemodialysis. BMC Nephrol 2022; 23:32. [PMID: 35033017 PMCID: PMC8761333 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-021-02640-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To verify that the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of vitamin D receptor (VDR) may lead to genetic susceptibility to left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), the present study was designed to study four SNPs of VDR associated with LVH in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients of Han nationality. Methods 120 MHD patients were recruited at Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University to analyze the expression of genotype, allele and haplotype of Fok I, Bsm I, Apa I and Taq I in blood samples, and to explore their correlation with blood biochemical indexes and ventricular remodeling. Results The results showed that the risks of CVD included gender, dialysis time, heart rate, SBP, glycated hemoglobin, calcium, iPTH and CRP concentration. Moreover, LAD, LVDd, LVDs, IVST and LVMI in B allele of Bsm I increased significantly. Fok I, Apa I and Taq I polymorphisms have no significant difference between MHD with LVH and without LVH. Further study showed that VDR expression level decreased significantly in MHD patients with LVH, and the B allele was positively correlated with VDR Expression. Conclusion VDR Bsm I gene polymorphism may predict cardiovascular disease risk of MDH patients, and provided theoretical basis for early detection and prevention of cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingman Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qingqing Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Liangyu Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hua Shui
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaoyun Si
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Matsumoto A, Matsui I, Mano K, Mizuno H, Katsuma Y, Yasuda S, Shimada K, Inoue K, Oki T, Hanai T, Kojima K, Kaneko T, Isaka Y. Recurrent membranous nephropathy with a possible alteration in the etiology: a case report. BMC Nephrol 2021; 22:253. [PMID: 34229600 PMCID: PMC8258946 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-021-02457-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Phospholipase A2 receptor 1 (PLA2R1) and thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing 7A (THSD7A) are the two major pathogenic antigens for membranous nephropathy (MN). It has been reported that THSD7A-associated MN has a higher prevalence of comorbid malignancy than PLA2R1-associated MN. Here we present a case of MN whose etiology might change from idiopathic to malignancy-associated MN during the patient’s clinical course. Case presentation A 68-year-old man with nephrotic syndrome was diagnosed with MN by renal biopsy. Immunohistochemistry showed that the kidney specimen was negative for THSD7A. The first course of corticosteroid therapy achieved partial remission; however, nephrotic syndrome recurred 1 year later. Two years later, his abdominal echography revealed a urinary bladder tumor, but he did not wish to undergo additional diagnostic examinations. Because his proteinuria increased consecutively, corticosteroid therapy was resumed, but it failed to achieve remission. Another kidney biopsy was performed and revealed MN with positive staining for THSD7A. PLA2R1 staining levels were negative for both first and second biopsies. Because his bladder tumor had gradually enlarged, he agreed to undergo bladder tumor resection. Pathological examination indicated that the tumor was THDS7A-positive bladder cancer. Subsequently, his proteinuria decreased and remained in remission. Conclusions This case suggests that the etiology of MN might be altered during the therapeutic course. Intensive screening for malignancy may be preferable in patients with unexpected recurrence of proteinuria and/or change in therapy response. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12882-021-02457-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Matsumoto
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Isao Matsui
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Keiji Mano
- Department of Nephrology, Daini Osaka Police Hospital, 2-6-40, Karasuga-tsuji, Tennoji, Osaka, 543-8922, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Mizuno
- Department of Nephrology, Daini Osaka Police Hospital, 2-6-40, Karasuga-tsuji, Tennoji, Osaka, 543-8922, Japan
| | - Yusuke Katsuma
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Seiichi Yasuda
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Karin Shimada
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazunori Inoue
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takashi Oki
- Department of Urology, Mimihara General Hospital, 4-465, kyowacho, Sakai-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 590-8505, Japan
| | - Tadashi Hanai
- Department of Urology, Daini Osaka Police Hospital, 2-6-40, Karasuga-tsuji, Tennoji, Osaka, 543-8922, Japan
| | - Keiko Kojima
- Department of Pathology, Daini Osaka Police Hospital, 2-6-40, Karasuga-tsuji, Tennoji, Osaka, 543-8922, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kaneko
- Department of Nephrology, Daini Osaka Police Hospital, 2-6-40, Karasuga-tsuji, Tennoji, Osaka, 543-8922, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Isaka
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Matsumoto A, Matsui I, Katsuma Y, Yasuda S, Shimada K, Namba-Hamano T, Sakaguchi Y, Kaimori JY, Takabatake Y, Inoue K, Isaka Y. Quantitative Analyses of Foot Processes, Mitochondria, and Basement Membranes by Structured Illumination Microscopy Using Elastica-Masson- and Periodic-Acid-Schiff-Stained Kidney Sections. Kidney Int Rep 2021; 6:1923-1938. [PMID: 34307987 PMCID: PMC8258503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Foot process effacement and mitochondrial fission associate with kidney disease pathogenesis. Electron microscopy is the gold-standard method for their visualization, but the observable area of electron microscopy is smaller than light microscopy. It is important to develop alternative ways to quantitatively evaluate these microstructural changes because the lesion site of renal diseases can be focal. Methods We analyzed elastica-Masson trichrome (EMT) and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stained kidney sections using structured illumination microscopy (SIM). Results EMT staining revealed three-dimensional (3D) structures of foot process, whereas ponceau xylidine acid fuchsin azophloxine solution induced fluorescence. Conversion of foot process images into their constituent frequencies by Fourier transform showed that the concentric square of (1/4)2-(1/16)2 in the power spectra (PS) included information for normal periodic structures of foot processes. Foot process integrity, assessed by PS, negatively correlated with proteinuria. EMT-stained sections revealed fragmented mitochondria in mice with mitochondrial injuries and patients with tubulointerstitial nephritis; Fourier transform quantified associated mitochondrial injury. Quantified mitochondrial damage in patients with immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy predicted a decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) after kidney biopsy but did not correlate with eGFR at biopsy. PAS-stained sections, excited by a 640 nm laser, combined with the coefficient of variation values, quantified subtle changes in the basement membranes of patients with membranous nephropathy stage I. Conclusions Kidney microstructures are quantified from sections prepared in clinical practice using SIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Matsumoto
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Isao Matsui
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Katsuma
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Seiichi Yasuda
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Karin Shimada
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoko Namba-Hamano
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sakaguchi
- Department of Inter-Organ Communication Research in Kidney Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun-Ya Kaimori
- Department of Inter-Organ Communication Research in Kidney Disease, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Takabatake
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazunori Inoue
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Isaka
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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