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Blaker CL, Ashton DM, Hartnell N, Little CB, Clarke EC. Tendon biomechanical properties are altered by storage duration but not freeze-thaw temperatures or cycles. J Orthop Res 2024; 42:1180-1189. [PMID: 38245841 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Tendon allograft and xenograft processing often involves one or more steps of freezing and thawing. As failure strength is an important graft consideration, this study aimed to evaluate effects on failure properties when varying freeze-thaw conditions. Kangaroo tendons, a potential xenograft source, were used to evaluate changes in ultimate tensile strength (UTS), failure strain and elastic modulus after exposure to different freezer-storage temperatures (-20°C vs. -80°C), storage durations (1, 3, 6, 9, or 12 months), number of freeze-thaw cycles (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 10), or freeze-thaw temperature ranges (including freezing in liquid nitrogen to thawing at 37°C). Tendons stored for 6 or more months had significantly increased UTS and elastic modulus compared with 1 or 3 months of storage. This increase occurred irrespective of the freezing temperature (-20°C vs. -80°C) or the number of freeze-thaw cycles (1 vs. 10). In contrast, UTS, failure strain and the elastic modulus were no different between storage temperatures, number of freeze-thaw cycles and multiple freeze-thaw cycles across a range of freeze and thaw temperatures. Common freeze-thaw protocols did not negatively affect failure properties, providing flexibility for graft testing, storage, transportation and decellularisation procedures. However, the change in properties with the overall storage duration has implications for assessing the consistent performance of grafts stored for short versus extended periods of time (<6 months vs. >6 months), and the interpretation of data obtained from tissues of varying or unknown storage durations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina L Blaker
- Murray Maxwell Biomechanics Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and the Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dylan M Ashton
- Murray Maxwell Biomechanics Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and the Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Christopher B Little
- Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratories, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and the Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth C Clarke
- Murray Maxwell Biomechanics Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and the Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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2
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Pringels L, Van Valckenborgh GJ, Segers P, Chevalier A, Stepman H, Wezenbeek E, Burssens A, Vanden Bossche L. Elevated fluid and glycosaminoglycan content in the Achilles tendon contribute to higher intratendinous pressures: Implications for Achilles tendinopathy. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024:S2095-2546(24)00048-6. [PMID: 38582138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tendinopathy alters the compositional properties of the Achilles tendon by increasing fluid and glycosaminoglycan content. It has been speculated that these changes may affect intratendinous pressure, but the extent of this relationship remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the impact of elevated fluid and glycosaminoglycan content on Achilles tendon intratendinous pressure and to determine whether hyaluronidase (HYAL) therapy can intervene in this potential relationship. METHODS Twenty paired fresh-frozen cadaveric Achilles tendons were mounted in a tensile-testing machine and loaded up to 5% strain. Intratendinous resting (at 0% strain) and dynamic pressure (at 5% strain) were assessed using the microcapillary infusion technique. First, intratendinous pressure was measured under native conditions before and after infusion of 2 mL physiological saline. Next, 80 mg of glycosaminoglycans were administered bilaterally to the paired tendons. The right tendons were additionally treated with 1500 units of HYAL. Finally, both groups were retested, and the glycosaminoglycan content was analyzed. RESULTS It was found that both elevated fluid and glycosaminoglycan content resulted in higher intratendinous resting and dynamic pressures (p < 0.001). HYAL treatment induced a 2.3-fold reduction in glycosaminoglycan content (p = 0.002) and restored intratendinous pressures. CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrated that elevated fluid and glycosaminoglycan content in Achilles tendinopathy contribute to increased intratendinous resting and dynamic pressures, which can be explained by the associated increased volume and reduced permeability of the tendon matrix, respectively. HYAL degrades glycosaminoglycans sufficiently to lower intratendinous pressures and may, therefore, serve as a promising treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Pringels
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium; Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
| | | | - Patrick Segers
- Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Amélie Chevalier
- Department of Electromechanics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Hedwig Stepman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Evi Wezenbeek
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Arne Burssens
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Luc Vanden Bossche
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium; Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
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Matsumoto M, Kenmoku T, Tazawa R, Inoue K, Takaso M. Comparison of Subacromial Bursitis on the Shoulder of the Same Individual After Superior Capsule Reconstruction Using Allograft and Rotator Cuff Tear: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e58260. [PMID: 38752028 PMCID: PMC11093772 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper reports a pathological comparison between the synovium of the shoulder with rotator cuff tears (RCTs) with or without an allograft in the same patient and assesses allograft remodeling after superior capsular reconstruction (SCR). A 49-year-old man underwent SCR with a fascia lata allograft for irreparable RCTs. Two years postoperatively, the patient underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair for left RCTs and arthroscopic debridement to alleviate right shoulder pain. Additionally, revascularization was confirmed in the allograft of the fascia lata. In conclusion, allografts are considered highly safe and expected to be engrafted after SCR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomonori Kenmoku
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara City, JPN
| | - Ryo Tazawa
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, JPN
| | - Kosuke Inoue
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, JPN
| | - Masashi Takaso
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, JPN
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Davis S, Karali A, Zekonyte J, Roldo M, Blunn G. Development of a method to investigate strain distribution across the cartilage-bone interface in guinea pig model of spontaneous osteoarthritis using lab-based contrast enhanced X-ray-computed tomography and digital volume correlation. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 144:105999. [PMID: 37406483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Strain changes at the cartilage-bone interface play a crucial role in osteoarthritis (OA) development. Contrast-Enhanced X-ray Computed Tomography (CECT) and Digital Volume Correlation (DVC) can measure 3D strain changes at the osteochondral interface. Using lab-based CT systems it is often difficult to visualise soft tissues such as articular cartilage without staining to enhance contrast. Contrast-Enhancing Staining Agents (CESAs), such as Phosphotungstic Acid (PTA) in 70% ethanol, can cause tissue shrinkage and alter tissue mechanics. The aims of this study were, firstly, to assess changes to the mechanical properties of osteochondral tissue after staining with a PTA/PBS solution, and secondly, to visualise articular cartilage during loading and with CECT imaging in order to compare strain across the interface in both healthy and OA joints using DVC. DESIGN Nanoindentation was used to assess changes to mechanical properties in articular cartilage and subchondral bone before and after staining. Hindlimbs from Dunkin-Hartley guinea pigs were stained with 1% PTA/PBS at room temperature for 6 days. Two consecutive CECT datasets were acquired for DVC error analysis. In-situ compression with a load corresponding to 2x body weight was applied, the specimen was re-imaged, and DVC was performed between the pre- and post-load tomograms. RESULTS Nanoindentation before and after PTA/PBS staining showed similar cartilage stiffness (p < 0.05), however, staining significantly decreased the stiffness of subchondral bone (∼9-fold; p = 0.0012). In severe OA specimens, third principal/compressive (εp3) strain was 141.7% higher and shear strain (γ) was 98.2% higher in tibial articular cartilage compared to non-OA (2 - month) specimens. A 23.1% increase in third principal stain strain and a 54.5% significant increase in the shear (γ) strain (p = 0.0027) was transferred into the mineralised regions of calcified cartilage and subchondral bone in severe OA specimens. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate the suitability of PTA in PBS as a contrast agent for the visualisation of cartilage during CECT imaging and allowed DVC computation of strain across the cartilage-bone interface. However, further research is needed to address the reduction in stiffness of subchondral bone after incubation in PBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Davis
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK; School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, PO1 3DJ, UK.
| | - Aikaterina Karali
- School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, PO1 3DJ, UK
| | - Jurgita Zekonyte
- School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, PO1 3DJ, UK
| | - Marta Roldo
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK
| | - Gordon Blunn
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK
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Runer A, Keeling L, Wagala N, Nugraha H, Özbek EA, Hughes JD, Musahl V. Current trends in graft choice for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction - part I: anatomy, biomechanics, graft incorporation and fixation. J Exp Orthop 2023; 10:37. [PMID: 37005974 PMCID: PMC10067784 DOI: 10.1186/s40634-023-00600-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Graft selection in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is critical, as it remains one of the most easily adjustable factors affecting graft rupture and reoperation rates. Commonly used autografts, including hamstring tendon, quadriceps tendon and bone-patellar-tendon-bone, are reported to be biomechanically equivalent or superior compared to the native ACL. Despite this, such grafts are unable to perfectly replicate the complex anatomical and histological characteristics of the native ACL. While there remains inconclusive evidence as to the superiority of one autograft in terms of graft incorporation and maturity, allografts appear to demonstrate slower incorporation and maturity compared to autografts. Graft fixation also affects graft properties and subsequent outcomes, with each technique having unique advantages and disadvantages that should be carefully considered during graft selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Runer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UPMC Freddie Fu Sports Medicine Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department for Sports Orthopaedics, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Laura Keeling
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UPMC Freddie Fu Sports Medicine Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nyaluma Wagala
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UPMC Freddie Fu Sports Medicine Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hans Nugraha
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Udayana, / Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Emre Anil Özbek
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UPMC Freddie Fu Sports Medicine Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Jonathan D Hughes
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UPMC Freddie Fu Sports Medicine Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Volker Musahl
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UPMC Freddie Fu Sports Medicine Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Shimada M, Takagi T, Kanno N, Yamakawa S, Fujie H, Hara Y. Influence of tibial plateau levelling osteotomy on the tensile forces sustained by ligaments in cranial cruciate ligament‐intact canine stifles: An ex vivo pilot study. Vet Med Sci 2022; 8:1904-1914. [PMID: 35947706 PMCID: PMC9514505 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Shimada
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Division of Veterinary Surgery Department of Veterinary Science Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University Musashino‐shi Tokyo Japan
| | - Tetsuya Takagi
- Biomechanics Laboratory Faculty of System Design Tokyo Metropolitan University Hachioji‐shi Tokyo Japan
| | - Nobuo Kanno
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Division of Veterinary Surgery Department of Veterinary Science Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University Musashino‐shi Tokyo Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamakawa
- Biomechanics Laboratory Faculty of System Design Tokyo Metropolitan University Hachioji‐shi Tokyo Japan
- Department of Sports Medical Biomechanics Graduate School of Medicine Osaka University Suita Osaka Japan
| | - Hiromichi Fujie
- Biomechanics Laboratory Faculty of System Design Tokyo Metropolitan University Hachioji‐shi Tokyo Japan
| | - Yasushi Hara
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Division of Veterinary Surgery Department of Veterinary Science Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University Musashino‐shi Tokyo Japan
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Mukai M, Uchida K, Hirosawa N, Murakami K, Inoue G, Miyagi M, Shiga Y, Sekiguchi H, Inage K, Orita S, Suzuki T, Matsuura Y, Takaso M, Ohtori S. Frozen vein wrapping for chronic nerve constriction injury reduces sciatic nerve allodynia in a rat model. BMC Neurosci 2022; 23:37. [PMID: 35725384 PMCID: PMC9208102 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-022-00719-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autologous vein wrapping (VW) is used in the treatment of recurrent chronic constriction neuropathy and traumatic peripheral nerve injury. However, use of autologous veins is limited by the inability to obtain longer veins of sufficient length for larger sites. Frozen allograft tissue has several advantages, including its availability for large grafts, avoidance of donor-site morbidity, and shorter operation time. Here, we investigated the effect of frozen vein wrapping (FVW) in Wistar rats as a model of sciatic nerve injury. Results The rats were grouped by treatment as (i) untreated after chronic constriction injury surgery (CCI; control group), (ii) treated with vein wrapping using freshly isolated vein (VW), and (iii) treated with vein wrapping using frozen vein (FVW). Mechanical allodynia was assessed with von Frey filaments on postoperative days (PODs) 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14. Gene expression of HO-1 was evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The response of heme oxygenase-1 gene, Hmox-1, expression to VW and FVW was assessed by RT-PCR. Both VW and FVW significantly increased withdrawal threshold levels compared to the untreated control group on POD 1, 3, and 5. Both VW and FVW also showed increased HO-1 expression compared to the CCI group. Conclusions FVW increased the withdrawal threshold similar to VW in a rat CCI model for short periods. Frozen vein wrapping using vein allograft without donor site morbidity may be an alternative therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiaki Mukai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan. .,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
| | - Kentaro Uchida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Naoya Hirosawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Kenichi Murakami
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kanagawa, 216-8511, Japan
| | - Gen Inoue
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masayuki Miyagi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Shiga
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sekiguchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.,Shonan University of Medical Sciences Research Institute, Nishikubo 500, Chigasaki , Kanagawa, 253-0083, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Inage
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Sumihisa Orita
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Takane Suzuki
- Department of Bioenvironmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Yusuke Matsuura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Masashi Takaso
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Seiji Ohtori
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
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Shimada M, Wada K, Tanaka S, Murakami S, Kanno N, Hayashi K, Hara Y. Effects of long-term and high-dose administration of glucocorticoids on the cranial cruciate ligament in healthy beagle dogs. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262206. [PMID: 35061786 PMCID: PMC8782538 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effects of long-term and high-dose administration of glucocorticoids (GCs) on the histological and mechanical properties of the cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) in healthy beagle dogs. A synthetic corticosteroid at 2 mg/kg every 12 h was administered for 84 days in nine dogs (18 CrCLs) (GC group). Twenty CrCLs from 12 healthy male beagles were used as the normal control (control group). CrCLs were histologically examined (n = 12 in the GC group and n = 14 in the control group) using hematoxylin-eosin, Alcian-Blue, Elastica-Eosin stains, and immunohistological staining of type 1 collagen and elastin. An additional 12 CrCLs were mechanically tested (n = 6 in the GC and n = 6 in the control groups) to determine failure pattern, maximum tensile strength, maximum stress, elastic modulus, and stress and strain at the transition point. The histological examination revealed a significant increase in interfascicular area and fibrillar disorientation at the tibial attachment in both groups. The ratios of mucopolysaccharide-positive area and positive areas of elastic fibers were significantly higher in the control group than in the GC group. The biomechanical examination demonstrated significantly lower stress at the transition point in the GC group than in the control group. The present study results indicate that high-dose corticosteroids may affect metabolism, such as mucopolysaccharides and elastic fibers production, although the effect on type 1 collagen production is small. These changes of the extracellular matrix had a small effect on the strength of the ligament. This study suggested that the ligamentous changes associated with GC are different from the degeneration observed in spontaneous canine CrCL disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Shimada
- Division of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Koki Wada
- Division of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Tanaka
- Division of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sawako Murakami
- Division of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kanno
- Division of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Hayashi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Yasushi Hara
- Division of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan
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9
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Duarte MM, Ribeiro N, Silva IV, Dias JR, Alves NM, Oliveira AL. Fast decellularization process using supercritical carbon dioxide for trabecular bone. J Supercrit Fluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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10
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Watanabe H, Akiyama Y. Improved and reproducible cell viability in the superflash freezing method using an automatic thawing apparatus. Cryobiology 2020; 96:12-18. [PMID: 32946776 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cell cryopreservation stops the biological activity of cells by placing them in the frozen state, and can be used to preserve cells without subculturing, which can cause contamination and genetic drift. However, the freezing process used in cryopreservation can injure or damage the cells due to the cytotoxicity of cryoprotecting agents (CPAs). We have previously reported a CPA-free cryopreservation method based on inkjet technology. In this method, the vitrified cells were exposed to the room temperature atmosphere during the transport of the cells using tweezers, which caused devitrification due to the increased temperature and often lowered the cell viability. In the present study, we developed an automatic thawing apparatus that transports the vitrified cells rapidly into a prewarmed medium using a spring hinge. Observations with a high-speed camera revealed that the spring hinge drops the cells into the prewarmed medium within 20 ms. All heat-transfer simulations for the apparatuses with different designs and rotation speeds showed that the cells remained below the glass-transition temperature during the transport. Finally, the apparatus was evaluated using mouse fibroblast 3T3 cells. The cell viability was improved and its reproducibility was enhanced using this apparatus. The results indicate that the combination of superflash freezing with the rapid thawing process represents a promising approach to circumvent the problems typically associated with the addition of CPAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Watanabe
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan
| | - Yoshitake Akiyama
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan; Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan.
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11
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Cui J, Turcotte R, Hampson KM, Wincott M, Schmidt CC, Emptage NJ, Charalampaki P, Booth MJ. Compact and contactless reflectance confocal microscope for neurosurgery. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:4772-4785. [PMID: 32923077 PMCID: PMC7449734 DOI: 10.1364/boe.397832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Visual guidance at the cellular level during neurosurgical procedures is essential for complete tumour resection. We present a compact reflectance confocal microscope with a 20 mm working distance that provided <1.2 µm spatial resolution over a 600 µm × 600 µm field of view in the near-infrared region. A physical footprint of 200 mm × 550 mm was achieved using only standard off-the-shelf components. Theoretical performance of the optical design was first evaluated via commercial Zemax software. Then three specimens from rodents: fixed brain, frozen calvaria and live hippocampal slices, were used to experimentally assess system capability and robustness. Results show great potential for the proposed system to be translated into use as a next generation label-free and contactless neurosurgical microscope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahe Cui
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom
| | - Raphaël Turcotte
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Karen M. Hampson
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Wincott
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom
| | - Carla C. Schmidt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel J. Emptage
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Patra Charalampaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cologne Medical Center, University Witten-Herdecke, Witten 58455, Germany
| | - Martin J. Booth
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom
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Matsumoto G, Hashizume C, Watanabe K, Taniguchi M, Okazaki T. Deficiency of sphingomyelin synthase 1 but not sphingomyelin synthase 2 reduces bone formation due to impaired osteoblast differentiation. Mol Med 2019; 25:56. [PMID: 31847800 PMCID: PMC6918654 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-019-0123-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There are two isoforms of sphingomyelin synthase (SMS): SMS1 and SMS2. SMS1 is located in the Golgi apparatus only while SMS2 is located in both the plasma membrane and the Golgi apparatus. SMS1 and SMS2 act similarly to generate sphingomyelin (SM). We have undertaken the experiments reported here on SMS and osteoblast differentiation in order to better understand the role SMS plays in skeletal development. Methods We analyzed the phenotype of a conditional knockout mouse, which was generated by mating a Sp7 promoter-driven Cre-expressing mouse with an SMS1-floxed SMS2-deficient mouse (Sp7-Cre;SMS1f/f;SMS2−/− mouse). Results When we compared Sp7-Cre;SMS1f/f;SMS2−/− mice with C57BL/6, SMS2-deficient mice (SMS1f/f;SMS2−/−) and SP7-Cre positive control mice (Sp7-Cre, Sp7-Cre;SMS1+/+;SMS2+/− and Sp7-Cre;SMS1+/+;SMS2−/−), we found that although cartilage formation is normal, Sp7-Cre;SMS1f/f;SMS2−/− mice showed reduced trabecular and cortical bone mass, had lower bone mineral density, and had a slower mineral apposition rate than control mice. Next, we have used a tamoxifen-inducible knockout system in vitro to show that SMS1 plays an important role in osteoblast differentiation. We cultured osteoblasts derived from ERT2-Cre;SMS1f/fSMS2−/− mice. We observed impaired differentiation of these cells in response to Smad1/5/8 and p38 that were induced by bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2). However, Erk1/2 phosphorylation was unaffected by inactivation of SMS1. Conclusions These findings provide the first genetic evidence that SMS1 plays a role in bone development by regulating osteoblast development in cooperation with BMP2 signaling. Thus, SMS1 acts as an endogenous signaling component necessary for bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goichi Matsumoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
| | - Chieko Hashizume
- Department of Medicine, Division of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Ken Watanabe
- Department of Bone and Joint Disease, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Makoto Taniguchi
- Department of Life Science, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Toshiro Okazaki
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Ishikawa, Japan
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Chen CF, Chu HC, Chen CM, Cheng YC, Tsai SW, Chang MC, Chen WM, Wu PK. A safety comparative study between freezing nitrogen ethanol composite and liquid nitrogen for cryotherapy of musculoskeletal tumors. Cryobiology 2018; 83:34-39. [PMID: 29953845 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Freezing nitrogen ethanol composite (FNEC) showed effective cryoablative ability for bone tumor ex vivo and in vivo comparable to liquid nitrogen (LN). We therefore wished to compare the radiant cooling damage of the surrounding tissue between FNEC and LN. The evaluation of the radiant cooling damage was demonstrated human bone xenograft transplantation (HXT) in a mouse model. Characterizations and quantifications of the damaging effects on morphologic features and apoptosis of the cryoablative surrounding bone tissue, muscle and epidermal layer of skin were compared. The radiant cooled damaging effects including epidermal rupture, hair follicle atrophy, dermis and subcutaneous crystal vacuolation of skin were significantly greater in LN than FNEC. Muscular apoptosis, structural shrinkage and bone cellular apoptosis were supposedly 15%-33% destroying degrees of LN more than FNEC. We concluded that FNEC is an innovative cryogenic material, and it could cause less cryoablative damage to surrounding normal tissue than LN. The findings might support the safety of FNEC being applied in clinical cryoablation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Fong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedics, Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Orthopaedic Department School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Chu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ming Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedics, Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Orthopaedic Department School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Wen Tsai
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedics, Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Orthopaedic Department School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chau Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Orthopaedic Department School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedics, Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Orthopaedic Department School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan
| | - Po-Kuei Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedics, Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Orthopaedic Department School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan.
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Ramo N, Shetye SS, Puttlitz CM. Damage Accumulation Modeling and Rate Dependency of Spinal Dura Mater. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 1:0110061-110068. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4038261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
As the strongest of the meningeal tissues, the spinal dura mater plays an important role in the overall behavior of the spinal cord-meningeal complex (SCM). It follows that the accumulation of damage affects the dura mater's ability to protect the cord from excessive mechanical loads. Unfortunately, current computational investigations of spinal cord injury (SCI) etiology typically do not include postyield behavior. Therefore, a more detailed description of the material behavior of the spinal dura mater, including characterization of damage accumulation, is required to comprehensively study SCI. Continuum mechanics-based viscoelastic damage theories have been previously applied to other biological tissues; however, the current work is the first to report damage accumulation modeling in a tissue of the SCM complex. Longitudinal (i.e., cranial-to-caudal long-axis) samples of ovine cervical dura mater were tensioned-to-failure at one of three strain rates (quasi-static, 0.05/s, and 0.3/s). The resulting stress–strain data were fit to a hyperelastic continuum damage model to characterize the strain-rate-dependent subfailure and failure behavior. The results show that the damage behavior of the fibrous and matrix components of the dura mater are strain-rate dependent, with distinct behaviors when exposed to strain rates above that experienced during normal voluntary neck motion suggesting the possible existence of a protective mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Ramo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, 1376 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1376
| | - Snehal S. Shetye
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, 1374 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1374
| | - Christian M. Puttlitz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, 1374 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1374
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Ma J, Guo W, Gao M, Huang B, Qi Q, Ling Z, Chen Y, Hu H, Zhou H, Yu F, Chen K, Richards G, Lin J, Zhou Z, Xiao D, Zou X. Biomimetic matrix fabricated by LMP-1 gene-transduced MC3T3-E1 cells for bone regeneration. Biofabrication 2017; 9:045010. [PMID: 28930090 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aa8dd1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bone healing is regulated by multiple microenvironmental signals provided by the extracellular matrix (ECM). This study aimed to mimic the native osteoinductive microenvironment by developing an ECM using gene-transduced cells. The LIM mineralization protein-1 (LMP-1) gene was transferred to murine pre-osteoblast cells (MC3T3-E1) using lentiviral vectors. Western blotting assay indicated that the MC3T3-E1 cells expressed an increased level of bone morphologic protein-2, -4 and -7 (BMP-2, -4 and -7) after LMP-1 gene transduction. The transduced cells were then seeded into calcined bovine bone scaffolds and cultured for 7, 14, and 21 days to construct ECMs on the scaffolds. The ECM-scaffold composites were then decellularized using the freeze-drying method. Scaffolds without ECM deposition were used as controls. The composites and controls were implanted into critical-sized bone defects created in the distal femurs of New Zealand rabbits. Twelve weeks after the surgery, both microcomputed tomography and histologic results indicated that the 7-day-cell-modified ECM-scaffold composites induced bone regeneration with significantly larger volume, trabecular thickness and connectivity than the controls. However, the 14- and 21-day-cell-modified ECM-scaffold composites triggered sustained inflammation response even at 12 weeks after the surgery and showed less bone ingrowth and integration than their 7-day-cell-modified counterparts. In conclusion, these results highlight the viable gene transfer techniques for manipulating cells in a constructed microenvironment of ECM for bone regeneration. However, the unresolved inflammation relating to the duration of ECM modification needs to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxuan Ma
- Department of Orthopedic, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliate Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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What Factors Influence the Biomechanical Properties of Allograft Tissue for ACL Reconstruction? A Systematic Review. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2017; 475:2412-2426. [PMID: 28353048 PMCID: PMC5599386 DOI: 10.1007/s11999-017-5330-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allograft tissue is used in 22% to 42% of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions. Clinical outcomes have been inconsistent with allograft tissue, with some series reporting no differences in outcomes and others reporting increased risk of failure. There are numerous variations in processing and preparation that may influence the eventual performance of allograft tissue in ACL reconstruction. We sought to perform a systematic review to summarize the factors that affect the biomechanical properties of allograft tissue for use in ACL reconstruction. Many factors might impact the biomechanical properties of allograft tissue, and these should be understood when considering using allograft tissue or when reporting outcomes from allograft reconstruction. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES What factors affect the biomechanical properties of allograft tissue used for ACL reconstruction? METHODS We performed a systematic review to identify studies on factors that influence the biomechanical properties of allograft tissue through PubMed and SCOPUS databases. We included cadaveric and animal studies that reported on results of biomechanical testing, whereas studies on fixation, histologic evaluation, and clinical outcomes were excluded. There were 319 unique publications identified through the search with 48 identified as relevant to answering the study question. For each study, we recorded the type of tissue tested, parameters investigated, and the effects on biomechanical behavior, including load to failure and stiffness. Primary factors identified to influence allograft tissue properties were graft tissue type, sterilization methods (irradiation and chemical processing), graft preparation, donor parameters, and biologic adjuncts. RESULTS Load to failure and graft stiffness varied across different tissue types, with nonlooped tibialis grafts exhibiting the lowest values. Studies on low-dose irradiation showed variable effects, whereas high-dose irradiation consistently produced decreased load to failure and stiffness values. Various chemical sterilization measures were also associated with negative effects on biomechanical properties. Prolonged freezing decreased load to failure, ultimate stress, and ultimate strain. Up to eight freeze-thaw cycles did not lead to differences in biomechanical properties of cadaveric grafts. Regional differences were noted in patellar tendon grafts, with the central third showing the highest load to failure and stiffness. Graft diameter strongly contributed to load-to-failure measurements. Age older than 40 years, and especially older than 65 years, negatively impacted biomechanical properties, whereas gender had minimal effect on the properties of allograft tissue. Biologic adjuncts show potential for improving in vivo properties of allograft tissue. CONCLUSIONS Future clinical studies on allograft ACL reconstruction should investigate in vivo graft performance with standardized allograft processing and preparation methods that limit the negative effects on the biomechanical properties of tissue. Additionally, biologic adjuncts may improve the biomechanical properties of allograft tissue, although future preclinical and clinical studies are necessary to clarify the role of these treatments. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Based on the findings of this systematic review that emphasize biomechanical properties of ACL allografts, surgeons should favor the use of central third patellar tendon or looped soft tissue grafts, maximize graft cross-sectional area, and favor grafts from donors younger than 40 years of age while avoiding grafts subjected to radiation doses > 20 kGy, chemical processing, or greater than eight freeze-thaw cycles.
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Roth SP, Glauche SM, Plenge A, Erbe I, Heller S, Burk J. Automated freeze-thaw cycles for decellularization of tendon tissue - a pilot study. BMC Biotechnol 2017; 17:13. [PMID: 28193263 PMCID: PMC5307874 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-017-0329-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Decellularization of tendon tissue plays a pivotal role in current tissue engineering approaches for in vitro research as well as for translation of graft-based tendon restoration into clinics. Automation of essential decellularization steps like freeze-thawing is crucial for the development of more standardized decellularization protocols and commercial graft production under good manufacturing practice (GMP) conditions in the future. Methods In this study, a liquid nitrogen-based controlled rate freezer was utilized for automation of repeated freeze-thawing for decellularization of equine superficial digital flexor tendons. Additional tendon specimens underwent manually performed freeze-thaw cycles based on an established procedure. Tendon decellularization was completed by using non-ionic detergent treatment (Triton X-100). Effectiveness of decellularization was assessed by residual nuclei count and calculation of DNA content. Cytocompatibility was evaluated by culturing allogeneic adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells on the tendon scaffolds. Results There were no significant differences in decellularization effectiveness between samples decellularized by the automated freeze-thaw procedure and samples that underwent manual freeze-thaw cycles. Further, we inferred no significant differences in the effectiveness of decellularization between two different cooling and heating rates applied in the automated freeze-thaw process. Both the automated protocols and the manually performed protocol resulted in roughly 2% residual nuclei and 13% residual DNA content. Successful cell culture was achieved with samples decellularized by automated freeze-thawing as well as with tendon samples decellularized by manually performed freeze-thaw cycles. Conclusions Automated freeze-thaw cycles performed by using a liquid nitrogen-based controlled rate freezer were as effective as previously described manual freeze-thaw procedures for decellularization of equine superficial digital flexor tendons. The automation of this key procedure in decellularization of large tendon samples is an important step towards the processing of large sample quantities under standardized conditions. Furthermore, with a view to the production of commercially available tendon graft-based materials for application in human and veterinary medicine, the automation of key procedural steps is highly required to develop manufacturing processes under GMP conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Pauline Roth
- Large Animal Clinic for Surgery, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 21, Leipzig, 04103, Germany. .,Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 55, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.
| | - Sina Marie Glauche
- Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 55, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - Amelie Plenge
- Tierklinik Kaufungen, Pfingstweide 2, Kaufungen, 34260, Germany
| | - Ina Erbe
- Large Animal Clinic for Surgery, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 21, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - Sandra Heller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, USA
| | - Janina Burk
- Large Animal Clinic for Surgery, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 21, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.,Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 55, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.,Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 7, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
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Racette M, Al saleh H, Waller KR, Bleedorn JA, McCabe RP, Vanderby R, Markel MD, Brounts SH, Block WF, Muir P. 3D FSE Cube and VIPR-aTR 3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging predicts canine cranial cruciate ligament structural properties. Vet J 2015; 209:150-5. [PMID: 26831152 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Estimation of cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) structural properties in client-owned dogs with incipient cruciate rupture would be advantageous. The objective of this study was to determine whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurement of normal CrCL volume in an ex-vivo canine model predicts structural properties. Stifles from eight dogs underwent 3.0 Tesla 3D MRI. CrCL volume and normalized median grayscale values were determined using 3D Fast Spin Echo (FSE) Cube and Vastly under-sampled Isotropic PRojection (VIPR)-alternative repetition time (aTR) sequences. Stifles were then mechanically tested. After joint laxity testing, CrCL structural properties were determined, including displacement at yield, yield load, load to failure, and stiffness. Yield load and load to failure (R(2)=0.56, P <0.01) were correlated with CrCL volume determined by VIPR-aTR. Yield load was also correlated with CrCL volume determined by 3D FSE Cube (R(2)=0.32, P <0.05). Structural properties were not related to median grayscale values. Joint laxity and CrCL stiffness were not related to MRI parameters, but displacement at yield load was related to CrCL volume for both sequences during testing (R(2)>0.57, P <0.005). In conclusion, 3D MRI offers a predictive method for estimating canine CrCL structural properties. 3D MRI may be useful for monitoring CrCL properties in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Racette
- Comparative Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Habib Al saleh
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kenneth R Waller
- Comparative Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jason A Bleedorn
- Comparative Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Ronald P McCabe
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ray Vanderby
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mark D Markel
- Comparative Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Sabrina H Brounts
- Comparative Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Walter F Block
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Peter Muir
- Comparative Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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Wu LC, Chiang CJ, Liu ZH, Tsuang YH, Sun JS, Huang YY. Fabrication and properties of acellular porcine anulus fibrosus for tissue engineering in spine surgery. J Orthop Surg Res 2014; 9:118. [PMID: 25466788 PMCID: PMC4264257 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-014-0118-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last few years, new treatments for a damaged intervertebral disc (IVD) have included strategies to repair, replace, or regenerate the degenerative disc. However, these techniques are likely to have limited success, due to insufficiently effective means to address the damaged anulus fibrosus (AF). Here, we try to develop a bioprocess method for decellularization of the xenogeneic AF tissue, with a view to developing a scaffold as a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery. METHODS Porcine AFs were decellularized using freeze-thaw cycles, followed by various combined treatments with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and nucleases. RESULTS Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining showed that decellularization was achieved through the decellularization protocols. Biochemical analyses revealed 86% reduction in DNA, but only 15.9% reduction in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, with no significant difference in the hydroxyproline content. There was no appreciable cytotoxicity of the acellular AF. Biomechanical testing of the acellular AF found no significant decline in stiffness or Young's modulus. CONCLUSIONS Porcine AF tissues were effectively decellularized with the preservation of biologic composition and mechanical properties. These results demonstrate that acellular AF scaffolds would be a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien-Chen Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec.1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chang-Jung Chiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Zen-Hao Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec.1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yang-Hwei Tsuang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jui-Sheng Sun
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopaedics, National Taiwan University Hospital HsinChu Branch, HsinChu, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-You Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec.1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Effects of repetitive freeze–thawing cycles on T2 and T2* of the Achilles tendon. Eur J Radiol 2014; 83:349-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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