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Liang H, Zhang B, Hong M, Yang X, Zhu L, Liu X, Qi Y, Zhao S, Wang G, van Bavel AP, Wen X, Qin Y. Operando Mobile Catalysis for Reverse Water Gas Shift Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318747. [PMID: 38270973 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Metal atoms on the support serve as active sites for many heterogeneous catalysts. However, the active metal sites on the support are conventionally described as static, and the intermediates adsorbed on the support far away from the active metal sites cannot be transformed. Herein, we report the first example of operando mobile catalysis to promote catalytic efficiency by enhancing the collision probability between active sites and reactants or reaction intermediates. Specifically, ligand-coordinated Pt single atoms (isolated MeCpPt- species) are bonded on CeO2 and transformed into mobile MeCpPt(H)CO complexes during the reverse water gas shift reaction for operando mobile catalysis. This strategy enables the conversion of inert carbonate intermediates on the CeO2 support. A turnover frequency (TOF) of 6358 mol CO2 molPt -1 ⋅ h-1 and 99 % CO selectivity at 300 °C is obtained for reverse water gas shift reaction, dramatically higher than those of Pt catalysts reported in the literature. Operando mobile catalysis presents a promising strategy for designing high-efficiency heterogeneous catalysts for various chemical reactions and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 030001, Taiyuan, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, 030024, Taiyuan, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 030001, Taiyuan, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 030001, Taiyuan, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xinchun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 030001, Taiyuan, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 030001, Taiyuan, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xingchen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 030001, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yuntao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 030001, Taiyuan, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Shichao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 030001, Taiyuan, China
| | - Guofu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 030001, Taiyuan, China
| | - Alexander P van Bavel
- Shell Global Solutions International B. V., < postCode/>1031, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaodong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 030001, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 030001, Taiyuan, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
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2
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Rajendiran R, Balaga R, Balla P, Seelam PK, Challa P, Karuppiah A, Perupogu V, Rengarajan V, Lassi U, Bakhsh EM, Khan SB. Designing versatile nanocatalysts based on PdNPs decorated on metal oxides for selective hydrogenolysis of biomass derived γ-valerolactone and reduction of nitro aromatics. CATAL COMMUN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2023.106637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
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3
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Piontek S, Naujoks D, Tabassum T, DelloStritto MJ, Jaugstetter M, Hosseini P, Corva M, Ludwig A, Tschulik K, Klein ML, Petersen PB. Probing the Gold/Water Interface with Surface-Specific Spectroscopy. ACS PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AU 2023; 3:119-129. [PMID: 36718265 PMCID: PMC9881240 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.2c00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Water is an integral component in electrochemistry, in the generation of the electric double layer, and in the propagation of the interfacial electric fields into the solution; however, probing the molecular-level structure of interfacial water near functioning electrode surfaces remains challenging. Due to the surface-specificity, sum-frequency-generation (SFG) spectroscopy offers an opportunity to investigate the structure of water near working electrochemical interfaces but probing the hydrogen-bonded structure of water at this buried electrode-electrolyte interface was thought to be impossible. Propagating the laser beams through the solvent leads to a large attenuation of the infrared light due to the absorption of water, and interrogating the interface by sending the laser beams through the electrode normally obscures the SFG spectra due to the large nonlinear response of conduction band electrons. Here, we show that the latter limitation is removed when the gold layer is thin. To demonstrate this, we prepared Au gradient films on CaF2 with a thickness between 0 and 8 nm. SFG spectra of the Au gradient films in contact with H2O and D2O demonstrate that resonant water SFG spectra can be obtained using Au films with a thickness of ∼2 nm or less. The measured spectra are distinctively different from the frequency-dependent Fresnel factors of the interface, suggesting that the features we observe in the OH stretching region indeed do not arise from the nonresonant response of the Au films. With the newfound ability to probe interfacial solvent structure at electrode/aqueous interfaces, we hope to provide insights into more efficient electrolyte composition and electrode design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan
M. Piontek
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität
Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany,Light
Conversion Inc., Vilnius City Municipality, Vilnius 10234, Lithuania
| | - Dennis Naujoks
- Faculty
of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Materials and ZGH, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Tadneem Tabassum
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität
Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Mark J. DelloStritto
- Institute
for Computational Molecular Science, Temple
University, Philadelphia, 19122 Pennsylvania, United States
| | | | - Pouya Hosseini
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Eisenforschung GmbH, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Manuel Corva
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität
Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Alfred Ludwig
- Faculty
of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Materials and ZGH, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Kristina Tschulik
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität
Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael L. Klein
- Institute
for Computational Molecular Science, Temple
University, Philadelphia, 19122 Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Poul B. Petersen
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität
Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany,
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4
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An investigation of the CH3OH and CO selectivity of CO2 hydrogenation over Cu−Ce−Zr catalysts. Front Chem Sci Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-022-2162-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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5
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Zhang C, Qu Z, Jiang H, Chen R, Xing W. Nb2O5 promoted Pd/AC catalyst for selective phenol hydrogenation to cyclohexanone. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2021.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Ly I, Layan E, Picheau E, Chanut N, Nallet F, Bentaleb A, Dourges MA, Pellenq RJ, Hillard EA, Toupance T, Dole F, Louërat F, Backov R. Design of Binary Nb 2O 5-SiO 2 Self-Standing Monoliths Bearing Hierarchical Porosity and Their Efficient Friedel-Crafts Alkylation/Acylation Catalytic Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:13305-13316. [PMID: 35258941 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons is among the most industrially important reactions, employing acid catalysts such as AlCl3, H2SO4, HF, or H3PO4. However, these catalysts present severe drawbacks, such as low selectivity and high corrosiveness. Taking advantage of the intrinsic high acid strength and Lewis and Brønsted acidity of niobium oxide, we have designed the first series of Nb2O5-SiO2(HIPE) monolithic catalysts bearing multiscale porosity through the integration of a sol-gel process and the physical chemistry of complex fluids. The MUB-105 series offers efficient solvent-free heterogeneous catalysis toward Friedel-Crafts monoalkylation and -acylation reactions, where 100% conversion has been reached at 140 °C while cycling. Alkylation reactions employing the MUB-105(1) catalyst have a maximum turnover number (TON) of 104 and a turnover frequency (TOF) of 9 h-1, whereas for acylation, MUB-105(1) and MUB-105(2) yield maximum TON and TOF values of 107 and 11 h-1, respectively. Moreover, the catalysts are selective, producing equal amounts of ortho- and para-substituted alkylated products and greater than 90% of the para-substituted acylated product. The highest catalytic efficiencies are obtained for the MUB-105(1) catalyst, bearing the smallest Nb2O5 particle sizes, lowest Nb2O5 content, and the highest amorphous character. The catalysts presented here are in a monolithic self-standing state, offering easy handling, reusability, and separation from the final products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Ly
- CRPP-UMR CNRS 5031, Université de Bordeaux, 115 Avenue Albert Schweitzer, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Elodie Layan
- CRPP-UMR CNRS 5031, Université de Bordeaux, 115 Avenue Albert Schweitzer, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Emmanuel Picheau
- CRPP-UMR CNRS 5031, Université de Bordeaux, 115 Avenue Albert Schweitzer, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Nicolas Chanut
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT Energy Initiative, 77 Massachussets Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Frédéric Nallet
- CRPP-UMR CNRS 5031, Université de Bordeaux, 115 Avenue Albert Schweitzer, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Ahmed Bentaleb
- CRPP-UMR CNRS 5031, Université de Bordeaux, 115 Avenue Albert Schweitzer, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Marie-Anne Dourges
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, Université de Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, Talence Cedex F-33405, France
| | - Roland J Pellenq
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT Energy Initiative, 77 Massachussets Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Hillard
- ICMCB-UMR CNRS 5026, Université de Bordeaux, 87 Avenue Albert Schweitzer, Pessac Cedex 33608, France
| | - Thierry Toupance
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, Université de Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, Talence Cedex F-33405, France
| | - François Dole
- CRPP-UMR CNRS 5031, Université de Bordeaux, 115 Avenue Albert Schweitzer, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Frédéric Louërat
- CRPP-UMR CNRS 5031, Université de Bordeaux, 115 Avenue Albert Schweitzer, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Rénal Backov
- CRPP-UMR CNRS 5031, Université de Bordeaux, 115 Avenue Albert Schweitzer, Pessac 33600, France
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KIKKAWA S, Teramura K, Kato K, Asakura H, Hosokawa S, Tanaka T. Formation of CH4 at Metal–Support Interface of Pt/Al2O3 During Hydrogenation of CO2: Operando XAS‐DRIFTS Study. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202101723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soichi KIKKAWA
- Tokyo Metropolitan University Graduate School and Faculty of Science: Tokyo Toritsu Daigaku Rigakubu Daigakuin Rigaku Kenkyuka Chemistry 1-1 Minami-Osawa 192-0397 Hachioji JAPAN
| | - Kentaro Teramura
- Kyoto University Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Kyotodaigaku Katsura 615-8510 Kyoto JAPAN
| | - Kazuo Kato
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, SPring-8 Center for Synchrotron Radiation Research JAPAN
| | - Hiroyuki Asakura
- Kyoto University Faculty of Engineering Graduate School of Engineering: Kyoto Daigaku Kogakubu Daigakuin Kogaku Kenkyuka Department of Molecular Engineering JAPAN
| | - Saburo Hosokawa
- Kyoto University Faculty of Engineering Graduate School of Engineering: Kyoto Daigaku Kogakubu Daigakuin Kogaku Kenkyuka Department of Molecular Engineering JAPAN
| | - Tsunehiro Tanaka
- Kyoto University Faculty of Engineering Graduate School of Engineering: Kyoto Daigaku Kogakubu Daigakuin Kogaku Kenkyuka Department of Molecular Engineering JAPAN
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Song M, Huang Z, Chen B, Liu S, Ullah S, Cai D, Zhan G. Reduction treatment of nickel phyllosilicate supported Pt nanocatalysts determining product selectivity in CO2 hydrogenation. J CO2 UTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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9
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Sha F, Han Z, Tang S, Wang J, Li C. Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Methanol over Non-Cu-based Heterogeneous Catalysts. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:6160-6181. [PMID: 33146940 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202002054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The increasing atmospheric CO2 level makes CO2 reduction an urgent challenge facing the world. Catalytic transformation of CO2 into chemicals and fuels utilizing renewable energy is one of the promising approaches toward alleviating CO2 emissions. In particular, the selective hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol utilizing renewable hydrogen potentially enables large scale transformation of CO2 . The Cu-based catalysts have been extensively investigated in CO2 hydrogenation. However, it is not only limited by long-term instability but also displays unsatisfactory catalytic performance. The supported metal-based catalysts (Pd, Pt, Au, and Ag) can achieve high methanol selectivity at low temperatures. The mixed oxide catalysts represented by Ma ZrOx (Ma =Zn, Ga, and Cd) solid solution catalysts present high methanol selectivity and catalytic activity as well as excellent stability. This Review focuses on the recent advances in developing Non-Cu-based heterogeneous catalysts and current understandings of catalyst design and catalytic performance. First, the thermodynamics of CO2 hydrogenation to methanol is discussed. Then, the progress in supported metal-based catalysts, bimetallic alloys or intermetallic compounds catalysts, and mixed oxide catalysts is discussed. Finally, a summary and a perspective are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Sha
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P.R. China
| | - Shan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P.R. China
| | - Jijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P.R. China
| | - Can Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P.R. China
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10
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Zhang T, Liu Q. Lanthanum-Modified MCF-Derived Nickel Phyllosilicate Catalyst for Enhanced CO 2 Methanation: A Comprehensive Study. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:19587-19600. [PMID: 32281371 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
For the traditional preparation method, it is challenging to fabricate a supported nickel catalyst with fine size at high loading. In this work, a group of La-modified mesostructured cellular foam (MCF)-derived nickel phyllosilicates was designed and synthetized by a hydrothermal method followed by an impregnation-modification of La2O3, whose Ni contents varied from 25.3 to 32.2 wt %. Both the special property of phyllosilicate and the addition of a La2O3 modifier played significant roles in achieving high Ni dispersion and excellent catalytic performance. The formed nickel phyllosilicate was beneficial to obtain small Ni nanoparticles (<5 nm) due to its strong metal-support interaction and high specific surface area; the addition of the La2O3 modifier could further reduce the Ni particle size and decrease the reduction difficulty of the fabricated samples. On the contrary, a large Ni particle size of 13.0 nm was observed on the impregnated Ni/MCF (N/M-Im) catalyst with a Ni content of 31.7 wt %. As a result, the nickel phyllosilicate catalyst showed higher catalytic activity than the impregnated one, and the La modifier could further improve the catalytic activity especially at low temperature (<400 °C). Among all catalysts, the modified phyllosilicate catalyst N/M-P-32-5L with 180 °C-32 h-hydrothermal treatment and La2O3 content of 5 wt % was the best owing to its small-sized Ni particles, high H2 and CO2 chemisorption capacity, large turnover frequency (TOF) value, and low activation energy of 69.83 kJ mol-1. In addition, the intermediates of formate and CO were detected through in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) analysis. In a 100 h-lifetime test under harsh conditions and 600 °C-steam treatment, N/M-P-32-5L showed both high sintering resistance of Ni particles and high thermal stability without the collapse of pores as well as decrease of catalytic activity, which was attributed to the special physical and chemical properties of MCF-derived nickel phyllosilicate, strong metal-support interaction over the catalyst, and the promotion of the La2O3 modifier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
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11
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Jiang X, Nie X, Guo X, Song C, Chen JG. Recent Advances in Carbon Dioxide Hydrogenation to Methanol via Heterogeneous Catalysis. Chem Rev 2020; 120:7984-8034. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 456] [Impact Index Per Article: 114.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jiang
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Xiaowa Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, P.R. China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Xinwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, P.R. China
| | - Chunshan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, P.R. China
- EMS Energy Institute, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, Pennsylvania State University, 209 Academic Projects Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Jingguang G. Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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Chen H, Yang M, Liu J, Lu G, Feng X. Insight into the effects of electronegativity on the H2 catalytic activation for CO2 hydrogenation: four transition metal cases from a DFT study. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01009j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Electronegativity of transition metal dominates the type of H species, which has an important effect on the path choice of CO2 hydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials
- Luoyang Normal University
- Luoyang 471934
- China
| | - Minjian Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Guizhou University of Engineering Science
- Bijie 551700
- China
| | - Jinqiang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials
- Luoyang Normal University
- Luoyang 471934
- China
| | - Guojian Lu
- Lianyungang Normal College
- Lianyungang 222006
- China
| | - Xun Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials
- Luoyang Normal University
- Luoyang 471934
- China
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