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Synaptic Secretion and Beyond: Targeting Synapse and Neurotransmitters to Treat Neurodegenerative Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9176923. [PMID: 35923862 PMCID: PMC9343216 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9176923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The nervous system is important, because it regulates the physiological function of the body. Neurons are the most basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system. The synapse is an asymmetric structure that is important for neuronal function. The chemical transmission mode of the synapse is realized through neurotransmitters and electrical processes. Based on vesicle transport, the abnormal information transmission process in the synapse can lead to a series of neurorelated diseases. Numerous proteins and complexes that regulate the process of vesicle transport, such as SNARE proteins, Munc18-1, and Synaptotagmin-1, have been identified. Their regulation of synaptic vesicle secretion is complicated and delicate, and their defects can lead to a series of neurodegenerative diseases. This review will discuss the structure and functions of vesicle-based synapses and their roles in neurons. Furthermore, we will analyze neurotransmitter and synaptic functions in neurodegenerative diseases and discuss the potential of using related drugs in their treatment.
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2
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Arriagada-Diaz J, Prado-Vega L, Cárdenas Díaz AM, Ardiles AO, Gonzalez-Jamett AM. Dynamin Superfamily at Pre- and Postsynapses: Master Regulators of Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity in Health and Disease. Neuroscientist 2020; 28:41-58. [PMID: 33300419 DOI: 10.1177/1073858420974313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dynamin superfamily proteins (DSPs) comprise a large group of GTP-ases that orchestrate membrane fusion and fission, and cytoskeleton remodeling in different cell-types. At the central nervous system, they regulate synaptic vesicle recycling and signaling-receptor turnover, allowing the maintenance of synaptic transmission. In the presynapses, these GTP-ases control the recycling of synaptic vesicles influencing the size of the ready-releasable pool and the release of neurotransmitters from nerve terminals, whereas in the postsynapses, they are involved in AMPA-receptor trafficking to and from postsynaptic densities, supporting excitatory synaptic plasticity, and consequently learning and memory formation. In agreement with these relevant roles, an important number of neurological disorders are associated with mutations and/or dysfunction of these GTP-ases. Along the present review we discuss the importance of DSPs at synapses and their implication in different neuropathological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Arriagada-Diaz
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.,Programa de Magister en Ciencias, mención Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Lorena Prado-Vega
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.,Programa de Magister en Ciencias, mención Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Ana M Cárdenas Díaz
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Alvaro O Ardiles
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.,Centro de Neurología Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.,Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios en Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Arlek M Gonzalez-Jamett
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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3
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Carbone E, Borges R, Eiden LE, García AG, Hernández‐Cruz A. Chromaffin Cells of the Adrenal Medulla: Physiology, Pharmacology, and Disease. Compr Physiol 2019; 9:1443-1502. [DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c190003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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4
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Crabtree GW, Park AJ, Gordon JA, Gogos JA. Cytosolic Accumulation of L-Proline Disrupts GABA-Ergic Transmission through GAD Blockade. Cell Rep 2017; 17:570-582. [PMID: 27705802 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Proline dehydrogenase (PRODH), which degrades L-proline, resides within the schizophrenia-linked 22q11.2 deletion suggesting a role in disease. Supporting this, elevated L-proline levels have been shown to increase risk for psychotic disorders. Despite the strength of data linking PRODH and L-proline to neuropsychiatric diseases, targets of disease-relevant concentrations of L-proline have not been convincingly described. Here, we show that Prodh-deficient mice with elevated CNS L-proline display specific deficits in high-frequency GABA-ergic transmission and gamma-band oscillations. We find that L-proline is a GABA-mimetic and can act at multiple GABA-ergic targets. However, at disease-relevant concentrations, GABA-mimesis is limited to competitive blockade of glutamate decarboxylase leading to reduced GABA production. Significantly, deficits in GABA-ergic transmission are reversed by enhancing net GABA production with the clinically relevant compound vigabatrin. These findings indicate that accumulation of a neuroactive metabolite can lead to molecular and synaptic dysfunction and help to understand mechanisms underlying neuropsychiatric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregg W Crabtree
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Alan J Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Joshua A Gordon
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Integrative Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Joseph A Gogos
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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5
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How does the stimulus define exocytosis in adrenal chromaffin cells? Pflugers Arch 2017; 470:155-167. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-2052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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6
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Moya-Díaz J, Álvarez YD, Montenegro M, Bayonés L, Belingheri AV, González-Jamett AM, Cárdenas AM, Marengo FD. Sustained Exocytosis after Action Potential-Like Stimulation at Low Frequencies in Mouse Chromaffin Cells Depends on a Dynamin-Dependent Fast Endocytotic Process. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:184. [PMID: 27507935 PMCID: PMC4960491 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Under basal conditions the action potential firing rate of adrenal chromaffin cells is lower than 0.5 Hz. The maintenance of the secretory response at such frequencies requires a continuous replenishment of releasable vesicles. However, the mechanism that allows such vesicle replenishment remains unclear. Here, using membrane capacitance measurements on mouse chromaffin cells, we studied the mechanism of replenishment of a group of vesicles released by a single action potential-like stimulus (APls). The exocytosis triggered by APls (ETAP) represents a fraction (40%) of the immediately releasable pool, a group of vesicles highly coupled to voltage dependent calcium channels. ETAP was replenished with a time constant of 0.73 ± 0.11 s, fast enough to maintain synchronous exocytosis at 0.2–0.5 Hz stimulation. Regarding the mechanism involved in rapid ETAP replenishment, we found that it depends on the ready releasable pool; indeed depletion of this vesicle pool significantly delays ETAP replenishment. On the other hand, ETAP replenishment also correlates with a dynamin-dependent fast endocytosis process (τ = 0.53 ± 0.01 s). In this regard, disruption of dynamin function markedly inhibits the fast endocytosis and delays ETAP replenishment, but also significantly decreases the synchronous exocytosis during repetitive APls stimulation at low frequencies (0.2 and 0.5 Hz). Considering these findings, we propose a model in where both the transfer of vesicles from ready releasable pool and fast endocytosis allow rapid ETAP replenishment during low stimulation frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Moya-Díaz
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Yanina D Álvarez
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mauricio Montenegro
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucas Bayonés
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana V Belingheri
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Arlek M González-Jamett
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Ana M Cárdenas
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Fernando D Marengo
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Buenos Aires, Argentina
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7
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Cárdenas AM, Marengo FD. How the stimulus defines the dynamics of vesicle pool recruitment, fusion mode, and vesicle recycling in neuroendocrine cells. J Neurochem 2016; 137:867-79. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Cárdenas
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso; Universidad de Valparaíso; Valparaíso Chile
| | - Fernando D. Marengo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular; Instituto de Fisiología; Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (CONICET); Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Universidad de Buenos Aires; Buenos Aires Argentina
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Jackson J, Papadopulos A, Meunier FA, McCluskey A, Robinson PJ, Keating DJ. Small molecules demonstrate the role of dynamin as a bi-directional regulator of the exocytosis fusion pore and vesicle release. Mol Psychiatry 2015; 20:810-9. [PMID: 25939402 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2015.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hormones and neurotransmitters are stored in specialised vesicles and released from excitable cells through exocytosis. During vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane, a transient fusion pore is created that enables transmitter release. The protein dynamin is known to regulate fusion pore expansion (FPE). The mechanism is unknown, but requires its oligomerisation-stimulated GTPase activity. We used a palette of small molecule dynamin modulators to reveal bi-directional regulation of FPE by dynamin and vesicle release in chromaffin cells. The dynamin inhibitors Dynole 34-2 and Dyngo 4a and the dynamin activator Ryngo 1-23 reduced or increased catecholamine released from single vesicles, respectively. Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy demonstrated that dynamin stimulation with Ryngo 1-23 reduced the number of neuropeptide Y (NPY) kiss-and-run events, but not full fusion events, and slowed full fusion release kinetics. Amperometric stand-alone foot signals, representing transient kiss-and-run events, were less frequent but were of longer duration, similarly to full amperometric spikes and pre-spike foot signals. These effects are not due to alterations in vesicle size. Ryngo 1-23 action was blocked by inhibitors of actin polymerisation or myosin II. Therefore, we demonstrate using a novel pharmacological approach that dynamin not only controls FPE during exocytosis, but is a bi-directional modulator of the fusion pore that increases or decreases the amount released from a vesicle during exocytosis if it is activated or inhibited, respectively. As such, dynamin has the ability to exquisitely fine-tune transmitter release.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jackson
- Discipline of Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - A Papadopulos
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - F A Meunier
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - A McCluskey
- Centre for Chemical Biology and Chemistry, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P J Robinson
- Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - D J Keating
- 1] Discipline of Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia [2] South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
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McAdam RL, Varga KT, Jiang Z, Young FB, Blandford V, McPherson PS, Gong LW, Sossin WS. The juxtamembrane region of synaptotagmin 1 interacts with dynamin 1 and regulates vesicle fission during compensatory endocytosis in endocrine cells. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:2229-35. [PMID: 25964652 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.161505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptotagmin 1 (Syt1) is a synaptic vesicle protein that is important for the kinetics of both exocytosis and endocytosis, and is thus a candidate molecule to link these two processes. Although the tandem Ca(2+)-binding C2 domains of Syt1 have important roles in exocytosis and endocytosis, the function of the conserved juxtamembrane (jxm) linker region has yet to be determined. We now demonstrate that the jxm region of Syt1 interacts directly with the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of the endocytic protein dynamin 1. By using cell-attached capacitance recordings with millisecond time resolution to monitor clathrin-mediated endocytosis of single vesicles in neuroendocrine chromaffin cells, we find that loss of this interaction prolongs the lifetime of the fission pore leading to defects in the dynamics of vesicle fission. These results indicate a previously undescribed interaction between two major regulatory proteins in the secretory vesicle cycle and that this interaction regulates endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn L McAdam
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Kelly T Varga
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Zhongjiao Jiang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Fiona B Young
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Vanessa Blandford
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Peter S McPherson
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Liang-Wei Gong
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Wayne S Sossin
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B4, Canada
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Quan A, Robinson PJ. Repurposing molecular mechanisms of transmitter release: a new job for syndapin at the fusion pore. Focus on "Syndapin 3 modulates fusion pore expansion in mouse neuroendocrine chromaffin cells". Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2014; 306:C792-3. [PMID: 24647543 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00079.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annie Quan
- Cell Signalling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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11
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González-Jamett AM, Haro-Acuña V, Momboisse F, Caviedes P, Bevilacqua JA, Cárdenas AM. Dynamin-2 in nervous system disorders. J Neurochem 2013; 128:210-23. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arlek M. González-Jamett
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Valparaíso; Valparaíso Chile
| | - Valentina Haro-Acuña
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Valparaíso; Valparaíso Chile
| | - Fanny Momboisse
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Valparaíso; Valparaíso Chile
| | - Pablo Caviedes
- Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Jorge A. Bevilacqua
- Departamento de Neurología y Neurocirugía; Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile; and Programa de Anatomía y Biología del Desarrollo; ICBM; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Ana M. Cárdenas
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Valparaíso; Valparaíso Chile
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Houy S, Croisé P, Gubar O, Chasserot-Golaz S, Tryoen-Tóth P, Bailly Y, Ory S, Bader MF, Gasman S. Exocytosis and endocytosis in neuroendocrine cells: inseparable membranes! Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2013; 4:135. [PMID: 24106488 PMCID: PMC3788349 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2013.00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although much has been learned concerning the mechanisms of secretory vesicle formation and fusion at donor and acceptor membrane compartments, relatively little attention has been paid toward understanding how cells maintain a homeostatic membrane balance through vesicular trafficking. In neurons and neuroendocrine cells, release of neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, and hormones occurs through calcium-regulated exocytosis at the plasma membrane. To allow recycling of secretory vesicle components and to preserve organelles integrity, cells must initiate and regulate compensatory membrane uptake. This review relates the fate of secretory granule membranes after full fusion exocytosis in neuroendocrine cells. In particular, we focus on the potential role of lipids in preserving and sorting secretory granule membranes after exocytosis and we discuss the potential mechanisms of membrane retrieval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Houy
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS UPR 3212), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pauline Croisé
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS UPR 3212), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Olga Gubar
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS UPR 3212), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylvette Chasserot-Golaz
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS UPR 3212), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Petra Tryoen-Tóth
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS UPR 3212), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yannick Bailly
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS UPR 3212), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stéphane Ory
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS UPR 3212), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie-France Bader
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS UPR 3212), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stéphane Gasman
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS UPR 3212), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- *Correspondence: Stéphane Gasman, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS UPR 3212), Université de Strasbourg, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, Strasbourg 67084, France e-mail:
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13
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González-Jamett AM, Momboisse F, Haro-Acuña V, Bevilacqua JA, Caviedes P, Cárdenas AM. Dynamin-2 function and dysfunction along the secretory pathway. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2013; 4:126. [PMID: 24065954 PMCID: PMC3776141 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2013.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamin-2 is a ubiquitously expressed mechano-GTPase involved in different stages of the secretory pathway. Its most well-known function relates to the scission of nascent vesicles from the plasma membrane during endocytosis; however, it also participates in the formation of new vesicles from the Golgi network, vesicle trafficking, fusion processes and in the regulation of microtubule, and actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Over the last 8 years, more than 20 mutations in the dynamin-2 gene have been associated to two hereditary neuromuscular disorders: Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy and centronuclear myopathy. Most of these mutations are grouped in the pleckstrin homology domain; however, there are no common mutations associated with both disorders, suggesting that they differently impact on dynamin-2 function in diverse tissues. In this review, we discuss the impact of these disease-related mutations on dynamin-2 function during vesicle trafficking and endocytotic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlek M. González-Jamett
- Facultad de Ciencias, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Fanny Momboisse
- Facultad de Ciencias, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Valentina Haro-Acuña
- Facultad de Ciencias, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Jorge A. Bevilacqua
- Programa de Anatomía y Biología del Desarrollo, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Caviedes
- Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana María Cárdenas
- Facultad de Ciencias, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- *Correspondence: Ana María Cárdenas, Facultad de Ciencias, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Gran Bretaña 1111, Playa Ancha 2360102, Valparaíso, Chile e-mail:
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14
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Multiple roles for the actin cytoskeleton during regulated exocytosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2012; 70:2099-121. [PMID: 22986507 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1156-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Regulated exocytosis is the main mechanism utilized by specialized secretory cells to deliver molecules to the cell surface by virtue of membranous containers (i.e., secretory vesicles). The process involves a series of highly coordinated and sequential steps, which include the biogenesis of the vesicles, their delivery to the cell periphery, their fusion with the plasma membrane, and the release of their content into the extracellular space. Each of these steps is regulated by the actin cytoskeleton. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the involvement of actin and its associated molecules during each of the exocytic steps in vertebrates, and suggest that the overall role of the actin cytoskeleton during regulated exocytosis is linked to the architecture and the physiology of the secretory cells under examination. Specifically, in neurons, neuroendocrine, endocrine, and hematopoietic cells, which contain small secretory vesicles that undergo rapid exocytosis (on the order of milliseconds), the actin cytoskeleton plays a role in pre-fusion events, where it acts primarily as a functional barrier and facilitates docking. In exocrine and other secretory cells, which contain large secretory vesicles that undergo slow exocytosis (seconds to minutes), the actin cytoskeleton plays a role in post-fusion events, where it regulates the dynamics of the fusion pore, facilitates the integration of the vesicles into the plasma membrane, provides structural support, and promotes the expulsion of large cargo molecules.
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Grey CL, Chang JP. Differential involvement of protein kinase C and protein kinase A in ghrelin-induced growth hormone and gonadotrophin release from goldfish (Carassius auratus) pituitary cells. J Neuroendocrinol 2011; 23:1273-87. [PMID: 21919972 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2011.02221.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Ghrelin (GRLN) and its receptor have been identified and characterised in goldfish brain and the pituitary, and recent evidence shows that goldfish (g)GRLN(19) induces both growth hormone (GH) and maturational gonadotrophin (LH) release through an extracellular Ca(2+) -dependent mechanism in goldfish. To further understand the role of GRLN in hormone release, the present study examined the involvement of protein kinase C (PKC) and protein kinase A (PKA) in gGRLN(19) -induced GH and LH release and corresponding Ca(2+) signals in primary cultures of goldfish pituitary cells. Treatments with PKC inhibitors, Bis-II and Gö 6976, significantly reduced gGRLN(19) -induced GH and LH release and their corresponding intracellular Ca(2+) signals in identified somatotrophs and gonadotrophs, respectively. gGRLN(19) was unable to further stimulate hormone release or Ca(2+) signals when cells were pretreated with the PKC agonist, DiC8. PKA inhibitors, H-89 and KT 5720, inhibited gGRLN(19) -induced LH release and Ca(2+) signals in gonadotrophs but not GH release or Ca(2+) signals in somatotrophs. Interestingly, pretreatment of pituitary cells with the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin potentiated gGRLN(19) -induced GH, but not LH, release, although it had no effect on intracellular Ca(2+) signals in either cell type. Taken together, the results suggest that PKC is an important intracellular component in gGRLN(19) -induced GH and LH release, whereas PKA is involved in gGRLN(19) -elicited LH release. Furthermore, the PKA pathway potentiates gGRLN(19) -induced GH release via a Ca(2+) -independent mechanism. Overall, the present study provides insight into the neuroendocrine regulation of GH and LH release by elucidating the mechanistic aspects of GRLN, a hormone involved in many critical physiological processes, including pituitary functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Grey
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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