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Fakhlaei R, Selamat J, Abdull Razis AF, Sukor R, Ahmad S, Khatib A, Zou X. Development of a zebrafish model for toxicity evaluation of adulterated Apis mellifera honey. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 356:141736. [PMID: 38554873 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Since ancient times, honey has been used for medical purposes and the treatment of various disorders. As a high-quality food product, the honey industry is prone to fraud and adulteration. Moreover, limited experimental studies have investigated the impact of adulterated honey consumption using zebrafish as the animal model. The aims of this study were: (1) to calculate the lethal concentration (LC50) of acid-adulterated Apis mellifera honey on embryos, (2) to investigate the effect of pure and acid-adulterated A. mellifera honey on hatching rate (%) and heart rate of zebrafish (embryos and larvae), (3) to elucidate toxicology of selected adulterated honey based on lethal dose (LD50) using adult zebrafish and (4) to screen the metabolites profile of adulterated honey from blood serum of adult zebrafish. The result indicated the LC50 of 31.10 ± 1.63 (mg/ml) for pure A. mellifera honey, while acetic acid demonstrates the lowest LC50 (4.98 ± 0.06 mg/ml) among acid adulterants with the highest mortality rate at 96 hpf. The treatment of zebrafish embryos with adulterated A. mellifera honey significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased the hatching rate (%) and decreased the heartbeat rate. Acute, prolong-acute, and sub-acute toxicology tests on adult zebrafish were conducted at a concentration of 7% w/w of acid adulterants. Furthermore, the blood serum metabolite profile of adulterated-honey-treated zebrafish was screened by LC-MS/MS analysis and three endogenous metabolites have been revealed: (1) Xanthotoxol or 8-Hydroxypsoralen, (2) 16-Oxoandrostenediol, and (3) 3,5-Dicaffeoyl-4-succinoylquinic acid. These results prove that employed honey adulterants cause mortality that contributes to higher toxicity. Moreover, this study introduces the zebrafish toxicity test as a new promising standard technique for the potential toxicity assessment of acid-adulterated honey in this study and hazardous food adulterants for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafieh Fakhlaei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China; Food Safety and Food Integrity (FOSFI), Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jinap Selamat
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rashidah Sukor
- Food Safety and Food Integrity (FOSFI), Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Syahida Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology & Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Alfi Khatib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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Zhan X, Zang Y, Ma R, Lin W, Li XL, Pei Y, Shen C, Jiang Y. Mass Spectrometry-Imaging Analysis of Active Ingredients in the Leaves of Taxus cuspidata. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:18634-18642. [PMID: 38680336 PMCID: PMC11044248 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taxus cuspidata is an endangered evergreen conifer mainly found in Northeast Asia. In addition to the well-known taxanes, several active ingredients were detected in the leaves of T. cuspidata. However, the precise spatial distribution of active ingredients in the leaves of T. cuspidata is largely unknown. RESULTS in the present study, timsTOF flex MALDI-2 analysis was used to uncover the accumulation pattern of active ingredients in T. cuspidata leaves. In total, 3084 ion features were obtained, of which 944 were annotated according to the mass spectrometry database. The principal component analysis separated all of the detected metabolites into four typical leaf tissues: mesophyll cells, upper epidermis, lower epidermis, and vascular bundle cells. Imaging analysis identified several leaf tissues that specifically accumulated active ingredients, providing theoretical support for studying the regulation mechanism of compound biosynthesis. Furthermore, the relative accumulation levels of each identified compound were analyzed. Two flavonoid compounds, ligustroflavone and Morin, were identified with high content through quantitative analysis of the ion intensity. CONCLUSIONS our data provides fundamental information for the protective utilization of T. cuspidata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaori Zhan
- College
of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou
Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang
Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control
of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yue Zang
- College
of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou
Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang
Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control
of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Ruoyun Ma
- College
of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou
Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang
Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control
of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Wanting Lin
- College
of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou
Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang
Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control
of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xiao-lin Li
- State
Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center
for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy
of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yanyan Pei
- College
of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Chenjia Shen
- College
of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou
Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang
Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control
of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- College
of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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Gao X, Yang Y, Zhu J, Zhang Y, Wang C, Wang Z, Mi W, Du L. Xanthotoxol relieves itch in mice via suppressing spinal GRP/GRPR signaling. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 960:176147. [PMID: 37871763 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Although pruritus, commonly known as itch, is a common and debilitating symptom associated with various skin conditions, there is a lack of effective therapies available. Xanthotoxol (XAN), a biologically active linear furocoumarin, shows potential in the treatment of various neurological disorders. In this study, we discovered that administering XAN either through intraperitoneal or intrathecal injections effectively reduced scratching behavior induced by compound 48/80 or chloroquine. Importantly, XAN also substantially alleviates chronic itch in dry skin and allergic contact dermatitis mice. Substantial progress has highlighted the crucial role of gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP)-gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) signaling in the dorsal spinal cord in transmitting various types of itch. Our behavior tests revealed that XAN significantly alleviated scratching behaviors induced by intrathecal administration of GRP or GRPR agonist bombesin. Furthermore, XAN reduced the activation of neurons in the spinal cord caused by intrathecal administration of GRP in mice. Moreover, XAN attenuates the activation of spinal GRPR-positive neurons in itchy mice. These findings suggest that XAN mitigates itch in mice by suppressing spinal GRP/GRPR signaling, thereby establishing XAN as a promising therapeutic option for treating pruritus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Gao
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yayue Yang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jianyu Zhu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chenghao Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhifei Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Wenli Mi
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Lixia Du
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Plotnikov MB, Chernysheva GA, Smol’yakova VI, Aliev OI, Anishchenko AM, Ulyakhina OA, Trofimova ES, Ligacheva AA, Anfinogenova ND, Osipenko AN, Kovrizhina AR, Khlebnikov AI, Schepetkin IA, Drozd AG, Plotnikov EV, Atochin DN, Quinn MT. Neuroprotective Effects of Tryptanthrin-6-Oxime in a Rat Model of Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1057. [PMID: 37630972 PMCID: PMC10457995 DOI: 10.3390/ph16081057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) plays an important role in stroke outcomes. Tryptanthrin-6-oxime (TRYP-Ox) is reported to have high affinity for JNK and anti-inflammatory activity and may be of interest as a promising neuroprotective agent. The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of TRYP-Ox in a rat model of transient focal cerebral ischemia (FCI), which involved intraluminal occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) for 1 h. Animals in the experimental group were administered intraperitoneal injections of TRYP-Ox 30 min before reperfusion and 23 and 47 h after FCI. Neurological status was assessed 4, 24, and 48 h following FCI onset. Treatment with 5 and 10 mg/kg of TRYP-Ox decreased mean scores of neurological deficits by 35-49 and 46-67% at 24 and 48 h, respectively. At these doses, TRYP-Ox decreased the infarction size by 28-31% at 48 h after FCI. TRYP-Ox (10 mg/kg) reduced the content of interleukin (IL) 1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the ischemic core area of the MCA region by 33% and 38%, respectively, and attenuated cerebral edema by 11% in the left hemisphere, which was affected by infarction, and by 6% in the right, contralateral hemisphere 24 h after FCI. TRYP-Ox reduced c-Jun phosphorylation in the MCA pool at 1 h after reperfusion. TRYP-Ox was predicted to have high blood-brain barrier permeability using various calculated descriptors and binary classification trees. Indeed, reactive oxidant production was significantly lower in the brain homogenates from rats treated with TRYP-Ox versus that in control animals. Our data suggest that the neuroprotective activity of TRYP-Ox may be due to the ability of this compound to inhibit JNK and exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Thus, TRYP-Ox may be considered a promising neuroprotective agent that potentially could be used for the development of new treatment strategies in cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark B. Plotnikov
- Department of Pharmacology, Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634028, Russia; (M.B.P.); (G.A.C.); (V.I.S.); (O.I.A.); (A.M.A.); (O.A.U.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.L.)
- Faculty of Radiophysics, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Galina A. Chernysheva
- Department of Pharmacology, Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634028, Russia; (M.B.P.); (G.A.C.); (V.I.S.); (O.I.A.); (A.M.A.); (O.A.U.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.L.)
| | - Vera I. Smol’yakova
- Department of Pharmacology, Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634028, Russia; (M.B.P.); (G.A.C.); (V.I.S.); (O.I.A.); (A.M.A.); (O.A.U.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.L.)
| | - Oleg I. Aliev
- Department of Pharmacology, Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634028, Russia; (M.B.P.); (G.A.C.); (V.I.S.); (O.I.A.); (A.M.A.); (O.A.U.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.L.)
| | - Anna M. Anishchenko
- Department of Pharmacology, Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634028, Russia; (M.B.P.); (G.A.C.); (V.I.S.); (O.I.A.); (A.M.A.); (O.A.U.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.L.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk 634050, Russia;
| | - Olga A. Ulyakhina
- Department of Pharmacology, Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634028, Russia; (M.B.P.); (G.A.C.); (V.I.S.); (O.I.A.); (A.M.A.); (O.A.U.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.L.)
| | - Eugene S. Trofimova
- Department of Pharmacology, Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634028, Russia; (M.B.P.); (G.A.C.); (V.I.S.); (O.I.A.); (A.M.A.); (O.A.U.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.L.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk 634050, Russia;
| | - Anastasia A. Ligacheva
- Department of Pharmacology, Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634028, Russia; (M.B.P.); (G.A.C.); (V.I.S.); (O.I.A.); (A.M.A.); (O.A.U.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.L.)
| | - Nina D. Anfinogenova
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634012, Russia;
| | - Anton N. Osipenko
- Department of Pharmacology, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk 634050, Russia;
| | - Anastasia R. Kovrizhina
- Kizhner Research Center, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (A.R.K.); (A.I.K.)
| | - Andrei I. Khlebnikov
- Kizhner Research Center, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (A.R.K.); (A.I.K.)
| | - Igor A. Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA;
| | - Anastasia G. Drozd
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (A.G.D.); (E.V.P.)
| | - Evgenii V. Plotnikov
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (A.G.D.); (E.V.P.)
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634014, Russia
| | - Dmitriy N. Atochin
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mark T. Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA;
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Zhu L, Sun S, Wu W, Zhang Y, Lin C, Ji L. Xanthotoxol alleviates secondary brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage by inhibiting microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Neurochirurgie 2023; 69:101426. [PMID: 36921390 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2023.101426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative damage and inflammation are two critical mechanisms underlying secondary brain injury (SBI) following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Xanthotoxol is reported to alleviate brain edema and inhibit inflammatory responses. Herein, we investigated the effects of xanthotoxol and its related mechanisms in SBI post-ICH. METHODS To explore the clinical effects of xanthotoxol an animal model of ICH was established. Neurological scores, survival rates and brain water content were measured. Inflammatory responses and oxidative damage in the peri-hemorrhagic areas were determined by measuring pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative related factors. The activation of the M1/M2 phenotype was detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Xanthotoxol improved the neurological functions and reduced cerebral edema in ICH mice. Additionally, xanthotoxol inhibited microglia activation and promotes microglial phagocytosis. Simultaneously, xanthotoxol promoted the transformation of BV2 cells from M1 phenotype to M2 phenotype, and protected BV2 cells against hemin-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. Mechanistically, xanthotoxol inactivated the NF-κB p65 signaling pathway in the hemin-challenged BV2 cells. CONCLUSION Xanthotoxol ameliorates SBI post-ICH by suppressing microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress and enhancing microglial phagocytosis through inhibition of NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery Critical Care Medicine NICU, Jiangsu Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, 210028 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - S Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangsu Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, 210028 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - W Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery Critical Care Medicine NICU, Jiangsu Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, 210028 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Proctology, Jiangsu Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, 210028 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - C Lin
- Department of Intervention, Jiangsu Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, 210028 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - L Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangsu Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, 210028 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Fang L, Wang Y, Zhang H, Jiang L, Jin X, Gu Y, Wu M, Pei S, Cao Y. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is an important indicator correlated to early neurological deterioration in single subcortical infarct patients with diabetes. Front Neurol 2022; 13:940691. [PMID: 36341126 PMCID: PMC9632421 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.940691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose This study aimed to investigate the relationship between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and early neurological deterioration (END) among cases suffering from single subcortical infarction (SSI) and diabetes. Methods We collected the data of patients with SSI admitted to our hospital between January 2019 and December 2020 retrospectively. A score of ≥2 elevations in overall National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score or ≥1 increase in motor NIHSS score in 5-day post-admission was considered END. Furthermore, logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between NLR and END among SSI cases. Results Altogether, we enrolled 235 consecutive SSI cases, of which 53 (22.5%) were diagnosed with END, while 93 (39.5%) were diabetic. In patients with diabetes, the value of NLR increased markedly among the patients with END (median, 3.59; IQR, 2.18–4.84) compared to patients without END (median, 2.64; IQR, 1.89–3.18; P = 0.032). Meanwhile, in patients without diabetes, NLR was not significantly associated with END. In the multivariate analysis, NLR values were positively related to END (adjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.768; 95% CI, 1.166–2.682, P = 0.007) upon adjusting age, SSI type, lesion diameter, initial NIHSS, fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-h postprandial blood glucose (2hPBG), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The subgroup analysis showed that the relationship between NLR and END was more pronounced in the branch atheromatous disease (BAD) (adjusted OR, 1.819; 95% CI, 1.049–3.153, P = 0.033) and anterior SSI subgroups (adjusted OR, 2.102; 95% CI, 1.095–4.037, P = 0.026). Conclusion NLR value was significantly related to END among SSI patients with diabetes and was recognized as an independent factor in predicting the risk of END.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Fang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lingling Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuehong Jin
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yongquan Gu
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Minya Wu
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shaofang Pei
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shaofang Pei
| | - Yongjun Cao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Yongjun Cao
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Lin X, Liu J, Zou Y, Tao C, Chen J. Xanthotoxol suppresses non-small cell lung cancer progression and might improve patients' prognosis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 105:154364. [PMID: 35932608 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developing novel and effective drugs with less toxicity is urgent for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) therapy. Xanthotoxol (Xan) is the major natural component of the medical plant Angelica dahurica with potential anti-cancer activities. PURPOSE In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the effect and underlying mechanism of Xan in NSCLC and evaluate the effectiveness of Xan in NSCLC patients. METHODS CCK8, colony formation, EdU, flow cytometry, and transwell assays were carried out to investigate the anti-NSCLC activity of Xan in vitro. In addition, the xenograft mouse model was established to evaluate the anti-NSCLC effect of Xan in vivo. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis was performed to establish a prediction model based on RNA sequencing data. Furthermore, Western blot was used to detect the expression of proteins regulated by Xan. RESULTS Xan inhibited the cell viability, colony formation capacity, DNA replication, cell cycle transition, migration and invasion, as well as inducing apoptosis of NSCLC cells. In addition, Xan suppressed NSCLC xenograft growth in vivo without obvious toxicity. Interestingly, bioinformatics analyses based on the RNA sequencing data indicated that Xan exerted inhibitory effects on NSCLC cells by down-regulating signals contributing to NSCLC progression and demonstrated that Xan was effective in ameliorating the prognosis of NSCLC patients with a new proposed prediction model. Moreover, Xan was shown to regulate cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated genes through downregulating PI3K-AKT signaling, thus suppressing NSCLC proliferation and metastasis. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our work proved that Xan induced cell cycle arrest, facilitated apoptosis, and inhibited EMT processes through downregulating the PI3K-AKT pathway to suppress NSCLC progress. Moreover, we also proposed a new model for evaluating Xan as a novel and effective drug in NSCLC treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Lin
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunology Diseases, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Jingfeng Liu
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunology Diseases, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Yujiao Zou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Cheng Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunology Diseases, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China.
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Weidong Wang, Zhang J, Liu Z, Zhu Y, Mei L, Tao Y, Jiang L. Xanthotoxol from Saussurea obvallata Attenuates LPS-Induced RAW 264.7 Cells Inflammatory Responses through NF-κB Pathway. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162022020248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Nillert N, Boonyarat C, Welbat JU, Bunreungthong K, Puthongking P, Pannangrong W. Clausena Harmandiana root extract attenuated cognitive impairments via reducing amyloid accumulation and neuroinflammation in Aβ 1-42-induced rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:108. [PMID: 35439990 PMCID: PMC9019931 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03591-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis is associated with amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced neuroinflammation. In AD, the activation of microglia caused by Aβ accumulation is followed by the synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), and ultimately leads to cognitive impairments. Clausena harmandiana (CH) is a medicinal plant in the Rutaceae family and has been used in folk medicine to relieve illnesses such as stomachache and headache, and as a health tonic. Interestingly, CH root extract (CHRE) has several anti-inflammatory and other pharmacological activities, but there are no studies in AD-like animal models. OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate the effects of CHRE on cognitive impairments, increased Aβ1-42 protein levels, and neuroinflammation in Aβ1-42-induced rats. METHODS Forty-eight adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g) were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 8) of the sham control, V + Aβ, CB + Aβ CHRE125 + Aβ, CHRE250 + Aβ, and CHRE500 + Aβ. Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, Celebrex (10 mg/kg BW) and CHRE (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg BW) were given orally or without any treatment for 35 days. On day 21, aggregated Aβ1-42 at a concentration of 1 μg/μl were injected into both lateral ventricles (1 μl/side) of all treated rats, while sterilized normal saline were injected to untreated rats. Ten days later, the novel object recognition test was performed to assess their recognition memory. At the end of the test period, an overdose of thiopental sodium (120 mg/kg BW) and transcardial perfusion with 0.9% normal saline solution were used to euthanize all rats. Then Aβ1-42 protein levels and the expression of inflammatory markers (CD11b-positive microglia, IL-1β, and TNFα) were investigated in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. RESULTS Pretreatment with CHRE at all doses could attenuate short- and long-term impairments in recognition memory. Additionally, CHRE also inhibited the increase of Aβ1-42 protein levels and the expression of inflammatory markers in both brain regions as well as receiving Celebrex. CONCLUSIONS This suggests that preventive treatment of CHRE might be a potential therapy against cognitive impairments via reducing Aβ1-42 protein levels and neuroinflammation caused by Aβ1-42.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nutchareeporn Nillert
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Chantana Boonyarat
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Jariya Umka Welbat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Komsun Bunreungthong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Ploenthip Puthongking
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Wanassanun Pannangrong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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Kowalczyk J, Nakos-Bimpos M, Polissidis A, Dalla C, Kokras N, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Budzyńska B. Imperatorin Influences Depressive-like Behaviors: A Preclinical Study on Behavioral and Neurochemical Sex Differences. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041179. [PMID: 35208969 PMCID: PMC8875245 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Imperatorin, a naturally derived furanocoumarin, exerts promising neuropharmacological properties. Therefore, it might be applicable in the treatment of brain diseases such as depression. In the present project, we aimed to investigate the sex-dependent effects of imperatorin (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg) on behavior and neurochemistry associated with antidepressant effects. The depressive-like behaviors of male and female Swiss mice were investigated in a forced swim test (FST). Subsequently, High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used to evaluate the level of serotonin, its metabolite, 5-HIAA, and noradrenaline, in mouse brains. The study revealed that only males responded to imperatorin (1 and 5 mg/kg) treatment and caused an antidepressant effect, such as with respect to depressive-like behaviors, lowering immobility time and increasing immobility latency. The HPLC analysis demonstrated that serotonin levels in the prefrontal cortex of females decreased with the middle dose of imperatorin (5 mg/kg), while in the male prefrontal cortex, the lower dose (1 mg/kg) boosted serotonin levels. There were no evident changes observed with respect to noradrenaline and serotonin metabolite levels in the male hippocampus. To conclude, we propose that imperatorin has antidepressant potential, seemingly only in males, influencing brain serotonin level, but the direct mechanism of action requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kowalczyk
- Independent Laboratory of Behavioral Studies, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.K.); (B.B.)
| | - Modestos Nakos-Bimpos
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.N.-B.); (A.P.)
| | - Alexia Polissidis
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.N.-B.); (A.P.)
| | - Christina Dalla
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (C.D.); (N.K.)
| | - Nikolaos Kokras
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (C.D.); (N.K.)
- First Department of Psychiatry, Eginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Barbara Budzyńska
- Independent Laboratory of Behavioral Studies, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.K.); (B.B.)
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Zhao Y, Yang S, Guo Q, Guo Y, Zheng Y, Ji E. Shashen-Maidong Decoction improved chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced cognitive impairment through regulating glutamatergic signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 274:114040. [PMID: 33794336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), which is associated with cognitive impairment. Previous study suggested CIH exposure could induce similar symptoms and signs to the clinical features of Deficiency of both Qi and Yin Syndrome (DQYS) in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Shashen-Maidong Decoction (SMD) has been applied clinically for DQYS for hundred years. However, SMD treatment could be beneficial to CIH induced cognitive impairment is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of SMD treatment on CIH induced cognitive impairment, and to explore the related neuroprotective mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were exposed to CIH for 5 weeks (8 h/day) and were orally treated with either vehicle or SMD (5.265 g/kg/day) 30 min before CIH exposure. Spatial memory was evaluated by Morris Water Maze and Y-Maze test. Synaptic morphology in hippocampus was observed by Golgi-Cox staining and Electron microscope, and NR2B-ERK signaling pathway were detected by western blotting. RESULTS Our results showed that SMD treatment improved performance in either Morris Water Maze or Y-Maze test in mice exposed to CIH, increased spine density and postsynaptic density (PSD) thickness in hippocampus. SMD treatment suppressed the over-activation of NR2B/CaMKII/SynGAP induced by CIH exposure, enhanced ERK/CREB phosphorylation and increased PSD-95 and BDNF expression. CONCLUSION SMD attenuates the CIH-induced cognitive impairment through regulating NR2B-ERK signaling pathway. Additionally, our findings provided that DQYS may be the potential therapeutic target for neurocognitive diseases in patients with OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengchang Yang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center of TCM Formula Preparations, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuhong Guo
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center of TCM Formula Preparations, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajing Guo
- Scientific Research Center, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuying Zheng
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ensheng Ji
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center of TCM Formula Preparations, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Xu C, Li R, Wu J. Effects of Yuanhu- Zhitong tablets on alcohol-induced conditioned place preference in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 133:110962. [PMID: 33166765 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed at determining the synergistic effects of Yuanhu Zhitong tablets (YHZTP) on alcohol-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in mice, in addition, the intervention mechanism was preliminarily explored based on traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) network pharmacology on alcohol addiction. METHODS Alcohol-induced CPP mice were used to evaluate the effects of either YHZTP or levo-tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP) plus imperatorin (IMP) administration on animal behavior. The network pharmacological strategy was used to establish the "compound-target" and "disease-drug-target" network. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed on the shared targets between the compound and the disease. Twelve algorithms on CytoHubba were used to find the hub genes that were verified by qPCR. RESULTS Systemic administration (2 g/kg, i.p.) of ethanol (EtOH) to mice was used to induce CPP. YHZTP On its own did not induce CPP or conditioned place aversion (CPA) at the doses of 0.3 g/kg or 0.6 g/kg (i.g.), but attenuated the acquisition and expression of EtOH-induce CPP in mice. In addition, YHZTP (0.3 or 0.6 g/kg) did not exhibit any effect on the motor activity of mice. Acquisition of alcohol-induced CPP was blocked by a combination of l-THP (5 mg/kg, i.g.) + IMP (2.5 mg/kg, i.g.) or l-THP (10 mg/kg, i.g.) + IMP (5 mg/kg, i.g.). However, the combination of l-THP (2.5 mg/kg, i.g.) + IMP (1.25 mg/kg, i.g.) or mono-administration of l-THP and IMP did not exhibit any effect on alcohol-induced CPP. YHZTP was also shown to reverse the up-regulation of Gabra1, Ptgs2, Mapk1, Mapk8, Mapk14, Nr3c, Prkca and Sirt1 genes and the down-regulation of Hhtr2a and Drd2 genes in the prefrontal cortex of EtOH induced CPP mice. These genes were associated with neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, activation of the sphingolipid, calcium, cAMP, ErbB, NF-kappa B and MAPK signaling pathways. CONCLUSION YHZTP inhibits EtOH-induced CPP behavior in mice while a combination of l-THP and IMP exerts a synergistic effect on the reduction of EtOH-induced CPP. Possible pharmacological mechanisms include inhibition of the expression of inflammatory factors and regulation of neurotransmitter receptor levels. Therefore, YHZTP is a novel candidate for the treatment of alcohol addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqiong Xu
- Brain Function and Disease Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Ran Li
- Brain Function and Disease Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| | - Jie Wu
- Brain Function and Disease Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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13
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Pattarachotanant N, Tencomnao T. Citrus hystrix Extracts Protect Human Neuronal Cells against High Glucose-Induced Senescence. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13100283. [PMID: 33007805 PMCID: PMC7600454 DOI: 10.3390/ph13100283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus hystrix (CH) is a beneficial plant utilized in traditional folk medicine to relieve various health ailments. The antisenescent mechanisms of CH extracts were investigated using human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y). Phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities of CH extracts were analyzed using a gas chromatograph–mass spectrometer (GC-MS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) assay and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assay. Effects of CH extracts on high glucose-induced cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cell cycle arrest and cell cycle-associated proteins were assessed using a 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide tetrazolium (MTT) assay, non-fluorescent 2′, 7′-dichloro-dihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) assay, flow cytometer and Western blot. The extracts protected neuronal senescence by inhibiting ROS generation. CH extracts induced cell cycle progression by releasing senescent cells from the G1 phase arrest. As the Western blot confirmed, the mechanism involved in cell cycle progression was associated with the downregulation of cyclin D1, phospho-cell division cycle 2 (pcdc2) and phospho-Retinoblastoma (pRb) proteins. Furthermore, the Western blot showed that extracts increased Surtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression by increasing the phosphorylation of Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). Collectively, CH extracts could protect high glucose-induced human neuronal senescence by inducing cell cycle progression and up-regulation of SIRT1, thus leading to the improvement of the neuronal cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattaporn Pattarachotanant
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Age-Related Inflammation and Degeneration Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tewin Tencomnao
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Age-Related Inflammation and Degeneration Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-2-218-1533
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14
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Role of DAMPs and of Leukocytes Infiltration in Ischemic Stroke: Insights from Animal Models and Translation to the Human Disease. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 42:545-556. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00966-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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15
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Shi B, Liu J, Zhang Q, Wang S, Jia P, Bian L, Zheng X. Effect of co-administration of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma volatile oil on pharmacokinetic fate of xanthotoxol, oxypeucedanin hydrate, and byakangelicin from Angelicae Dahuricae Radix in rat. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:2349-2362. [PMID: 32222035 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201901250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A combination of Angelicae Dahuricae Radix and Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma has been widely used as the herb pair in traditional Chinese medicine to treat stroke, migraine, and epilepsy. However, the underlying synergistic mechanism of the herb pair remains unknown. This study was aimed at investigating the effects of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma volatile oil on the pharmacokinetic parameters of xanthotoxol, oxypeucedanin hydrate, and byakangelicin from Angelicae Dahuricae Radix in rat, and in vitro absorption behavior of the three compounds using rat everted gut sac, in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion, and Caco-2 cell monolayer models. The pharmacokinetic study exhibited clear changes in the key pharmacokinetic parameters of the three main coumarins through co-administering with Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma volatile oil (50 mg/kg), the area under curve and the maximum plasma concentration of xanthotoxol increased 1.36 and 1.31 times; the area under curve, the maximum plasma concentration, mean residence time, half-life of elimination, and the time to reach peak concentration of oxypeucedanin hydrate increased by 1.35, 1.18, 1.24, 1.19 and 1.49 times, respectively; the area under curve, mean residence time, half-life of elimination, and time to reach peak concentration of byakangelicin climbed 1.29, 1.27, 1.37, and 1.28 times, respectively. The three coumarin components were absorbed well in the jejunum and ileum in the intestinal perfusion model, when co-administered with Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma volatile oil (100 μg/mL). The in vivo and in vitro experiments showed good relevance and consistency. The results demonstrated that the three coumarin compounds from Angelicae Dahuricae Radix were absorbed through the active transportation, and Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma volatile oil could promote the intestinal absorption and transport of these compounds by inhibiting P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated efflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baimei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Jianghong Liu
- Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, 518110, P. R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China.,District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 710100, P. R. China
| | - Shixiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Pu Jia
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Liujiao Bian
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
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16
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Xie F, Liu H, Liu Y. Adult Neurogenesis Following Ischemic Stroke and Implications for Cell-Based Therapeutic Approaches. World Neurosurg 2020; 138:474-480. [PMID: 32147554 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the most intractable diseases of the central nervous system and is also a major cause of mortality and disability in adult humans. Unfortunately, current therapies target vessel recanalization, which has a narrow treatment window, and the potential adverse effects lead to a low rate of clinical employment; in addition, neuroprotective strategies are not effective for stroke treatment. It is necessary to discover new approaches to develop neuroprotective, neuroregenerative treatment strategies for stroke. At present, accumulating evidence suggests that adult neurogenesis is a novel topic with extensive research on its potential to be harnessed for therapy in various neurologic disorders, and the neurogenesis capacity in the subventricular zone was shown to be increased in response to brain ischemic stroke. In this review, we describe the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying potential adult neurogenesis and review current preclinical and clinical cell-based therapies for enhancing neural regeneration after adult ischemic stroke. Although stroke-induced neurogenesis in humans does not seem to translate to neurofunctional recovery, we also summarize factors of potential treatment strategies with transplanted cells, including transplantation time, cell dosage, and administration route, to achieve optimum and effective cell-based therapy, thereby harnessing this neuroregenerative response to improve neurofunctional recovery after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Ziyang First People's Hospital, Ziyang, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ziyang First People's Hospital, Ziyang, China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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17
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Bai Y, Zheng Y, Pang W, Peng W, Wu H, Yao H, Li P, Deng W, Cheng J, Su W. Identification and Comparison of Constituents of Aurantii Fructus and Aurantii Fructus Immaturus by UFLC-DAD-Triple TOF-MS/MS. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040803. [PMID: 29601542 PMCID: PMC6017871 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Aurantii Fructus (AF) and Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (AFI) are both the fruits of the same rutaceae plant at different stages of growth, they exert similar yet distinct clinical effects. The chemical composition is crucial for quality control as well as therapeutic application. To address this concern, it is significant to evaluate the similarities and differences of the constituents in both AF and AFI. The extract of AF and AFI were comprehensively analyzed by ultra fast liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector-triple-time of flight-tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC-DAD-Triple TOF-MS/MS). Among the 40 compounds detected, 19 metabolites were detected in both the AF and AFI; whereas 13 compounds were only detected in AF and five constituents were exclusively detected in AFI. In particular, even in AFI, three compounds were only identified in AFI (Citrus aurantium' L. and its cultivar). Among the 18 compounds confirmed by standard database, 13 compounds were reported in AF and AFI for the first time. Furthermore, the distinction was also revealed by the content of naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, and synephrine. The study directly contributed to the similarities and differences of AF and AFI. Herein, similarities and the differences in chemical profiles of AF and AFI could explain the current clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Yuying Zheng
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Wenjing Pang
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Wei Peng
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Hao Wu
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Hongliang Yao
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Panlin Li
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Wen Deng
- Key Laboratory of Ultrafine Granular Powder of Herbal Medicine technology and Application of state Administration, Zhongshan 528437, China.
| | - Jinle Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Ultrafine Granular Powder of Herbal Medicine technology and Application of state Administration, Zhongshan 528437, China.
| | - Weiwei Su
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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18
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Wu W, Zhong W, Lang B, Hu Z, He J, Tang X. Thrombopoietin could protect cerebral tissue against ischemia-reperfusion injury by suppressing NF-κB and MMP-9 expression in rats. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:1341-1348. [PMID: 30275761 PMCID: PMC6158660 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.27543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To determine the neuroprotective effects and underpinning mechanisms of thrombopoietin (TPO), Matrix Metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) and Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Methods: Male rats underwent 2 hours of right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by 22 hours of reperfusion. PBS or TPO (0.1ug/kg) was administered from caudal vein before reperfusion. Neurologic deficits, brain edema, Evans blue (EB) extravasation, NF-κB and MMP-9 expression were subsequently examined. Results: Ischemia-reperfusion injury produced a large area of edema. TPO significantly reduced edema and alleviated neurologic deficits after ischemia-reperfusion. Ischemia-induced increases of NF-κB, MMP-9 and Evans blue extravasation were reduced by TPO intervention. Conclusion: TPO improved neurological function and ameliorated brain edema after stroke, partly by reducing the ischemia-induced increase of NF-κB and MMP-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology
| | - Wei Zhong
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Bing Lang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Zhiping Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Jialin He
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiangqi Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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He G, Troberg J, Lv X, Xia YL, Zhu LL, Ning J, Ge GB, Finel M, Yang L. Identification and characterization of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases responsible for xanthotoxol glucuronidation. Xenobiotica 2017; 48:109-116. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2017.1283719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guiyuan He
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery, Biotechnology Department, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China,
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,
| | - Johanna Troberg
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland, and
| | - Xia Lv
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery, Biotechnology Department, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China,
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,
| | - Yang-Liu Xia
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery, Biotechnology Department, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China,
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,
| | - Liang-Liang Zhu
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery, Biotechnology Department, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China,
| | - Jing Ning
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery, Biotechnology Department, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China,
| | - Guang-Bo Ge
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery, Biotechnology Department, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China,
| | - Moshe Finel
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland, and
| | - Ling Yang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery, Biotechnology Department, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China,
- Centre for System Pharmacokinetics, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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20
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Kumatia EK, Annan K, Dickson RA, Mensah AY, Amponsah IK, Appiah AA, Tung NH, Edoh DA, Habtemariam S. Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Effects in Rodent Models of Ethanol Extract of Clausena anisata Roots and their Chemical Constituents. Nat Prod Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1701200119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the crude ethanol extract and chemical constituents of Clausena anisata roots were investigated. The crude extract, which was devoid of any visible acute toxicity, displayed significant anti-inflammatory effect at the dose of 1000 mg/kg (p.o.) when assessed using the carrageenan-induced oedema model. In the acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate tests, it produced a very significant ( p < 0.001), dose-dependent analgesic effect, with maximum analgesic activity of 72.1% at 1000 mg/kg (p.o.). Phytochemical analysis of the crude extract resulted in the isolation of four coumarins (anisocoumarin B, osthol, imperatorin and xanthotoxol) and a carbazole alkaloid, heptaphylline. Among the isolated compounds, osthol and anisocoumarin B produced the highest anti-inflammatory activity at 9 mg/kg (p.o.): slightly better than the positive control, indomethacin. Except for xanthotoxol, all the isolated compounds administered at 6 mg/kg (p.o.) produced significant analgesic activity and higher than diclofenac; with heptaphylline being the most potent (48.7%). The analgesic activity of anisocoumarin B (50.4%) was the highest among the isolates tested and the standard, tramadol, in the hot plate test. The nonselective opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone, abolished the analgesic effect of the crude extract and the tested isolates (anisocoumarin B and xanthotoxol) in the hot plate test suggesting an effect via the central opioidergic system. These findings provide the scientific basis for the use of C. anisata roots in traditional medicine as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Kofi Kumatia
- Centre for Plant Medicine Research (C.P.M.R), Mampong-Akwapim, Ghana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, KNUST, Kumasi-Ghana
| | - Kofi Annan
- Department of Herbal Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, KNUST, Kumasi-Ghana
| | - Rita Akosua Dickson
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, KNUST, Kumasi-Ghana
| | - Abraham Yeboah Mensah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, KNUST, Kumasi-Ghana
| | - Isaac Kingsley Amponsah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, KNUST, Kumasi-Ghana
| | - Alfred A. Appiah
- Centre for Plant Medicine Research (C.P.M.R), Mampong-Akwapim, Ghana
| | - Nguyen Hu Tung
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Nagasaki International University, Japan
| | | | - Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories & Herbal Analysis Services, University of Greenwich, Medway Campus, Kent ME4 4TB, U.K
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21
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Metabolism and Metabolic Inhibition of Xanthotoxol in Human Liver Microsomes. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:5416509. [PMID: 27034690 PMCID: PMC4806279 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5416509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome p450 (CYP450) enzymes are predominantly involved in Phase I metabolism of xenobiotics. In this study, the CYP450 isoforms involved in xanthotoxol metabolism were identified using recombinant CYP450s. In addition, the inhibitory effects of xanthotoxol on eight CYP450 isoforms and its pharmacokinetic parameters were determined using human liver microsomes. CYP1A2, one of CYP450s, played a key role in the metabolism of xanthotoxol compared to other CYP450s. Xanthotoxol showed stronger inhibition on CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 compared to other isoenzymes with the IC50 of 7.43 μM for CYP3A4 and 27.82 μM for CYP1A2. The values of inhibition kinetic parameters (Ki) were 21.15 μM and 2.22 μM for CYP1A2 and CYP3A4, respectively. The metabolism of xanthotoxol obeyed the typical monophasic Michaelis-Menten kinetics and Vmax, Km, and CLint values were calculated as 0.55 nmol·min−1·mg−1, 8.46 μM, and 0.06 mL·min−1·mg−1. In addition, the results of molecular docking showed that xanthotoxol was bound to CYP1A2 with hydrophobic and π-π bond and CYP3A4 with hydrogen and hydrophobic bond. We predicted the hepatic clearance (CLH) and the CLH value was 15.91 mL·min−1·kg−1 body weight. These data were significant for the application of xanthotoxol and xanthotoxol-containing herbs.
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22
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Skalicka-Woźniak K, Orhan IE, Cordell GA, Nabavi SM, Budzyńska B. Implication of coumarins towards central nervous system disorders. Pharmacol Res 2015; 103:188-203. [PMID: 26657416 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Coumarins are widely distributed, plant-derived, 2H-1-benzopyran-2-one derivatives which have attracted intense interest in recent years as a result of their diverse and potent pharmacological properties. Particularly, their effects on the central nervous system (CNS) have been established. The present review discusses the most important pharmacological effects of natural and synthetic coumarins on the CNS, including their interactions with benzodiazepine receptors, their dopaminergic and serotonergic affinity, and their ability to inhibit cholinesterases and monoamine oxidases. The structure-activity relationships pertaining to these effects are also discussed. This review posits that natural or synthetic coumarins have the potential for development in the therapy of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, schizophrenia, anxiety, epilepsy, and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Ilkay Erdogan Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Geoffrey A Cordell
- Natural Products Inc., Evanston, IL 60203, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of FL, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Barbara Budzyńska
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
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23
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Li YM, Jia M, Li HQ, Zhang ND, Wen X, Rahman K, Zhang QY, Qin LP. Cnidium monnieri: A Review of Traditional Uses, Phytochemical and Ethnopharmacological Properties. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2015; 43:835-77. [PMID: 26243582 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x15500500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss., an annual plant of the Umbelliferae species is one of the most widely used traditional herbal medicines and its fruits have been used to treat a variety of diseases in China, Vietnam, and Japan. The aim of this review is to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive analysis of the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity and contraindication of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss. and to provide future directions of research on this plant. To date, 350 compounds have been isolated and identified from Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss., including the main active constituent, coumarins. In vitro and in vivo studies suggest that osthole and other coumarin compounds possess wide range of pharmacological properties for the treatment of female genitals, male impotence, frigidity, skin-related diseases, and exhibit strong antipruritic, anti-allergic, antidermatophytic, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-osteoporotic effects. Although coumarins have been identified as the main active constituents responsible for the observed pharmacological effects, the molecular mechanisms of their actions are still unknown. Therefore, further studies are still required to reveal the structure-activity relationship of these active constituents. In addition, toxicological and clinical studies are also required to provide further data for pharmaceutical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Min Li
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Min Jia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hua-Qiang Li
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Department of Botany, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Nai-Dan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xian Wen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Plants, College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Inner Mongolia 010020, China
| | - Khalid Rahman
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | - Qiao-Yan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lu-Ping Qin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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24
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Xin Q, Cheng B, Pan Y, Liu H, Yang C, Chen J, Bai B. Neuroprotective effects of apelin-13 on experimental ischemic stroke through suppression of inflammation. Peptides 2015; 63:55-62. [PMID: 25278489 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Acute inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenic progression of post-ischemic neuronal damage. Apelin-13 has been investigated as a neuropeptide for various neurological disorders. The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of apelin-13 on the inflammation of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Transient focal I/R model in male Wistar rats were induced by 2h middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by 24h reperfusion. Rats then received treatment with apelin-13 or vehicle after ischemia at the onset of reperfusion. The neurological deficit was evaluated and the infarct volume was measured by TTC staining. The activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) was measured. The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were measured using real-time PCR. And the expression of apelin receptor (APJ), ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 (Iba1), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) were measured by immunohistochemistry and western blot. Our results demonstrated that treatment with apelin-13 in I/R rats markedly reduced neurological deficits and the infarct volume. The increase of MPO activity induced by I/R was inhibited by apelin-13 treatment. The real-time PCR showed that apelin-13 decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α and ICAM-1 in I/R rats. The expression of APJ in I/R rats was increased. And the expression of Iba1, GFAP and HMGB1 in I/R rats was decreased by apelin-13 treatment indicating the inhibition of microglia, astrocytes and other inflammatory cells. In conclusion, apelin-13 is neuroprotective for neurons against I/R through inhibiting the neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xin
- Neurobiology Institute, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, PR China
| | - Baohua Cheng
- Neurobiology Institute, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, PR China
| | - Yanyou Pan
- Neurobiology Institute, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, PR China
| | - Haiqing Liu
- Department of Physiology, Taian Medical University, Taian 271000, PR China
| | - Chunqing Yang
- Neurobiology Institute, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- Neurobiology Institute, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, PR China.
| | - Bo Bai
- Neurobiology Institute, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, PR China.
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25
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Zhang W, Zhang Q, Deng W, Li Y, Xing G, Shi X, Du Y. Neuroprotective effect of pretreatment with ganoderma lucidum in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat hippocampus. Neural Regen Res 2014; 9:1446-52. [PMID: 25317156 PMCID: PMC4192946 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.139461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum is a traditional Chinese medicine, which has been shown to have both anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, and noticeably decreases both the infarct area and neuronal apoptosis of the ischemic cortex. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of pretreatment with ganoderma lucidum (by intragastric administration) in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Our results showed that pretreatment with ganoderma lucidum for 3 and 7 days reduced neuronal loss in the hippocampus, diminished the content of malondialdehyde in the hippocampus and serum, decreased the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-8 in the hippocampus, and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase in the hippocampus and serum. These results suggest that pretreatment with ganoderma lucidum was protective against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangxin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China ; Department of Medical Psychology, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Quiling Zhang
- Department of Medical Psychology, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wen Deng
- Department of Medical Psychology, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yalu Li
- Department of Medical Psychology, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guoqing Xing
- Department of Medical Psychology, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xinjun Shi
- Department of Medical Psychology, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yifeng Du
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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26
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Xuan AG, Chen Y, Long DH, Zhang M, Ji WD, Zhang WJ, Liu JH, Hong LP, He XS, Chen WL. PPARα Agonist Fenofibrate Ameliorates Learning and Memory Deficits in Rats Following Global Cerebral Ischemia. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 52:601-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8882-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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27
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Jayaraj RL, Elangovan N, Dhanalakshmi C, Manivasagam T, Essa MM. CNB-001, a novel pyrazole derivative mitigates motor impairments associated with neurodegeneration via suppression of neuroinflammatory and apoptotic response in experimental Parkinson’s disease mice. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 220:149-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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28
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He W, Xu X, Lv Q, Guo L. Low Dose ZD7288 Attenuates the Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Impairment of Long-Term Potentiation Induction at Hippocampal Schaffer Collateral-CA1 Synapses. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2014; 34:611-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-014-0047-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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29
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Wang H, Nagai A, Sheikh AM, Liang XY, Yano S, Mitaki S, Ishibashi Y, Kobayashi S, Kim SU, Yamaguchi S. Human mesenchymal stem cell transplantation changes proinflammatory gene expression through a nuclear factor-κB-dependent pathway in a rat focal cerebral ischemic model. J Neurosci Res 2013; 91:1440-9. [PMID: 23996632 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated the immunomodulatory functions of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in cerebral ischemic rats. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of MSC transplantation on transcriptional regulations of proinflammatory genes in cerebral ischemia. Transient ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. After 24 hr, vehicle (PBS) or a human MSC line (B10) was transplanted intravenously. The neurological deficits, infarct volume, cellular accumulations, and gene expression changes were monitored by means of behavior tests, MRI, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, laser capture microdissection, and real-time PCR. In the core area of the B10 transplantation group, the number of ED1-positive macrophage/microglia was decreased compared with the PBS group. In the core, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) was decreased, although CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β was not changed; both were expressed mainly in ED1-positive macrophage/microglia. Likewise, mRNAs of NF-κB-dependent genes including interleukin-1β, MCP-1, and inducible nitric oxide synthase were decreased in ED1-positive and Iba-1-positive macrophage/microglia in the B10 transplantation group. Moreover, upstream receptors of the NF-κB pathway, including CD40 and Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), were decreased. Immunofluorescence results showed that, in the B10 transplantation group, the percentages of NF-κB-positive, CD40-positive, and TLR2-positive cells were decreased in ED1-positive macrophage/microglia. Furthermore, NF-κB-positive cells in the CD40- or TLR2-expressing cell population were decreased in the B10 transplantation group. This study demonstrates that B10 transplantation inhibits NF-κB activation, possibly through inhibition of CD40 and TLR2, which might be responsible for the inhibition of proinflammatory gene expression in macrophage/microglia in the infarct lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
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