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Turner KJ, Watson EM, Skinner BM, Griffin DK. Telomere Distribution in Human Sperm Heads and Its Relation to Sperm Nuclear Morphology: A New Marker for Male Factor Infertility? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147599. [PMID: 34299219 PMCID: PMC8306796 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility is a problem affecting an increasing number of couples worldwide. Currently, marker tests for male factor infertility are complex, highly technical and relatively subjective. Up to 40% of cases of male factor infertility are currently diagnosed as idiopathic therefore, there is a clear need for further research into better ways of diagnosing it. Changes in sperm telomere length have been associated with infertility and closely linked to DNA damage and fragmentation, which are also known to be related to infertility. However, telomere distribution is a parameter thus far underexplored as an infertility marker. Here, we assessed morphological parameters of sperm nuclei in fertile control and male factor infertile cohorts. In addition, we used 2D and 3D fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to compare telomere distribution between these two groups. Our findings indicate that the infertile cohort sperm nuclei were, on average, 2.9% larger in area and showed subtle differences in sperm head height and width. Telomeres were mainly distributed towards the periphery of the nuclei in the control cohort, with diminishing telomere signals towards the center of the nuclei. Sperm nuclei of infertile males, however, had more telomere signals towards the center of the nuclei, a finding supported by 3D imaging. We conclude that, with further development, both morphology and telomere distribution may prove useful investigative tools in the fertility clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara J. Turner
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Giles Lane, Canterbury CT2 7NH, UK;
| | - Eleanor M. Watson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK; (E.M.W.); (B.M.S.)
| | - Benjamin M. Skinner
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK; (E.M.W.); (B.M.S.)
| | - Darren K. Griffin
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Giles Lane, Canterbury CT2 7NH, UK;
- Correspondence:
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Ioannou D, Tempest HG. Human Sperm Chromosomes: To Form Hairpin-Loops, Or Not to Form Hairpin-Loops, That Is the Question. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10070504. [PMID: 31277336 PMCID: PMC6678829 DOI: 10.3390/genes10070504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genomes are non-randomly organized within the interphase nucleus; and spermatozoa are proposed to have a unique hairpin-loop configuration, which has been hypothesized to be critical for the ordered exodus of the paternal genome following fertilization. Recent studies suggest that the hairpin-loop model of sperm chromatin organization is more segmentally organized. The purpose of this study is to examine the 3D organization and hairpin-loop configurations of chromosomes in human spermatozoa. METHODS Three-color sperm-fluorescence in-situ hybridization was utilized against the centromeres, and chromosome p- and q-arms of eight chromosomes from five normozoospermic donors. Wide-field fluorescence microscopy and 3D modelling established the radial organization and hairpin-loop chromosome configurations in spermatozoa. RESULTS All chromosomes possessed reproducible non-random radial organization (p < 0.05) and formed discrete hairpin-loop configurations. However, chromosomes preferentially formed narrow or wide hairpin-loops. We did not find evidence to support the existence of a centralized chromocenter(s) with centromeres being more peripherally localized than one or both of their respective chromosome arms. CONCLUSION This provides further evidence to support a more segmental organization of chromatin in the human sperm nucleus. This may be of significance for fertilization and early embryogenesis as specific genomic regions are likely to be exposed, remodeled, and activated first, following fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Ioannou
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Helen G Tempest
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
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Wiland E, Olszewska M, Huleyuk N, Chernykh VB, Kurpisz M. The effect of Robertsonian translocations on the intranuclear positioning of NORs (nucleolar organizing regions) in human sperm cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2213. [PMID: 30778082 PMCID: PMC6379386 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38478-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Only a few studies have described sperm chromosome intranuclear positioning changes in men with reproductive failure and an incorrect somatic karyotype. We studied the influence of Robertsonian translocations on the acrocentric chromosome positioning in human sperm cells. The basis of the analysis was the localization of NORs (nucleolar organizing regions) in sperm nuclei from three Robertsonian translocation carriers, namely, rob(13;22), rob(13;15) and rob(13;14), with a known meiotic segregation pattern. All three carriers presented with a similar percentage of genetically normal sperm cells (i.e., approximately 40%). To visualize NORs, we performed 2D-FISH with directly labelled probes. We used the linear and radial topologies of the nucleus to analyse the NORs distribution. We found an affected positioning of NORs in each case of the Robertsonian translocations. Moreover, the NORs tended to group, most often in two clusters. Both in Robertsonian carriers and control sperm cells, NORs mostly colocalized in the medial areas of the nuclei. In the case of the Roberstonian carriers, NORs were mostly concentrated in the peripheral part of the medial area, in contrast to control sperm cells in which the distribution was more dispersed towards the internal area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Wiland
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marta Olszewska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Nataliya Huleyuk
- Institute of Hereditary Pathology, Ukrainian Academy of Medical Sciences, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Vyacheslav B Chernykh
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Maciej Kurpisz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
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Olszewska M, Wiland E, Huleyuk N, Fraczek M, Midro AT, Zastavna D, Kurpisz M. Chromosome (re)positioning in spermatozoa of fathers and sons - carriers of reciprocal chromosome translocation (RCT). BMC Med Genomics 2019; 12:30. [PMID: 30709354 PMCID: PMC6359769 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-018-0470-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-random chromosome positioning has been observed in the nuclei of several different tissue types, including human spermatozoa. The nuclear arrangement of chromosomes can be altered in men with decreased semen parameters or increased DNA fragmentation and in males with chromosomal numerical or structural aberrations. An aim of this study was to determine whether and how the positioning of nine chromosome centromeres was (re)arranged in the spermatozoa of fathers and sons – carriers of the same reciprocal chromosome translocation (RCT). Methods Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was applied to analyse the positioning of sperm chromosomes in a group of 13 carriers of 11 RCTs, including two familial RCT cases: t(4;5) and t(7;10), followed by analysis of eight control individuals. Additionally, sperm chromatin integrity was evaluated using TUNEL and Aniline Blue techniques. Results In the analysed familial RCT cases, repositioning of the chromosomes occurred in a similar way when compared to the data generated in healthy controls, even if some differences between father and son were further observed. These differences might have arisen from various statuses of sperm chromatin disintegration. Conclusions Nuclear topology appears as another aspect of epigenetic genomic regulation that may influence DNA functioning. We have re-documented that chromosomal positioning is defined in control males and that a particular RCT is reflected in the individual pattern of chromosomal topology. The present study examining the collected RCT group, including two familial cases, additionally showed that chromosomal factors (karyotype and hyperhaploidy) have superior effects, strongly influencing the chromosomal topology, when confronted with sperm chromatin integrity components (DNA fragmentation or chromatin deprotamination). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12920-018-0470-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Olszewska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 32, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Wiland
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 32, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Nataliya Huleyuk
- National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Institute of Hereditary Pathology, Lysenko Str. 31a, Lviv, 79000, Ukraine
| | - Monika Fraczek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 32, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Alina T Midro
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13, PO Box 22, 15-089, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Danuta Zastavna
- National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Institute of Hereditary Pathology, Lysenko Str. 31a, Lviv, 79000, Ukraine.,Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, Al. Powstancow Warszawy 6, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Maciej Kurpisz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 32, 60-479, Poznan, Poland.
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Chromosome positioning and male infertility: it comes with the territory. J Assist Reprod Genet 2018; 35:1929-1938. [PMID: 30229502 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-018-1313-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of functional spermatozoa through spermatogenesis requires a spatially and temporally highly regulated gene expression pattern, which in case of alterations, leads to male infertility. Changes of gene expression by chromosome anomalies, gene variants, and epigenetic alterations have been described as the main genetic causes of male infertility. Recent molecular and cytogenetic approaches have revealed that higher order chromosome positioning is essential for basic genome functions, including gene expression. This review addresses this issue by exposing well-founded evidences which support that alterations on the chromosome topology in spermatogenetic cells leads to defective sperm function and could be considered as an additional genetic cause of male infertility.
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Ioannou D, Tempest HG. Does genome organization matter in spermatozoa? A refined hypothesis to awaken the silent vessel. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2018; 64:518-534. [DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2017.1421278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Ioannou
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
- IVF Florida Reproductive Associates, Margate, FL, USA
| | - Helen G. Tempest
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
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Ioannou D, Millan NM, Jordan E, Tempest HG. A new model of sperm nuclear architecture following assessment of the organization of centromeres and telomeres in three-dimensions. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41585. [PMID: 28139771 PMCID: PMC5282497 DOI: 10.1038/srep41585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The organization of chromosomes in sperm nuclei has been proposed to possess a unique “hairpin-loop” arrangement, which is hypothesized to aid in the ordered exodus of the paternal genome following fertilization. This study simultaneously assessed the 3D and 2D radial and longitudinal organization of telomeres, centromeres, and investigated whether chromosomes formed the same centromere clusters in sperm cells. Reproducible radial and longitudinal non-random organization was observed for all investigated loci using both 3D and 2D approaches in multiple subjects. We report novel findings, with telomeres and centromeres being localized throughout the nucleus but demonstrating roughly a 1:1 distribution in the nuclear periphery and the intermediate regions with <15% occupying the nuclear interior. Telomeres and centromeres were observed to aggregate in sperm nuclei, forming an average of 20 and 7 clusters, respectively. Reproducible
longitudinal organization demonstrated preferential localization of telomeres and centromeres in the mid region of the sperm cell. Preliminary evidence is also provided to support the hypothesis that specific chromosomes preferentially form the same centromere clusters. The more segmental distribution of telomeres and centromeres as described in this study could more readily accommodate and facilitate the sequential exodus of paternal chromosomes following fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Ioannou
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Nicole M Millan
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Elizabeth Jordan
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Helen G Tempest
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.,Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
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Altered bivalent positioning in metaphase I human spermatocytes from Robertsonian translocation carriers. J Assist Reprod Genet 2016; 34:131-138. [PMID: 27655390 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-016-0809-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aims to determine whether there is an altered bivalent positioning in metaphase I human spermatocytes from Robertsonian translocation carriers. METHODS Metaphase I human spermatocytes from three 45,XY,der(13;14)(q10;q10) individuals and a 45,XY,der(14;15)(q10;q10) individual were analyzed. Proximity relationships of bivalents were established by analyzing meiotic preparations combining Leishman staining and multiplex-FISH procedures. Poisson regression model was used to determine proximity frequencies between bivalents and to assess associations with chromosome size, gene density, acrocentric morphology, and chromosomes with heterochromatic blocks. The hierarchical cluster Ward method was used to characterize the groups of bivalents with preferred proximities in a cluster analysis. Bivalent groups obtained were individually compared with those obtained in normal karyotype individuals evaluated in a previous study. RESULTS A total of 1288 bivalents were examined, giving a total of 2289 proximity data. Only four positive significant proximities were detected for each type of Robertsonian translocation. Significant bivalent associations were only observed by small-size chromosomes for MI,22,XY,III(13q14q). These results were clearly divergent from 46,XY individuals. Moreover, cluster analysis revealed that about 30 % of the bivalents showed changes in their proximity relationships in metaphase I. CONCLUSIONS The territorial organization of bivalents in metaphase I human spermatocytes changes in the presence of a Robertsonian translocation.
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Topology of chromosome centromeres in human sperm nuclei with high levels of DNA damage. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31614. [PMID: 27558650 PMCID: PMC4997348 DOI: 10.1038/srep31614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown that the 'poor' sperm DNA quality appears to be an important factor affecting male reproductive ability. In the case of sperm cells from males with the correct somatic karyotype but with deficient spermatogenesis, resulting in a high degree of sperm DNA fragmentation, we observed changes in the preferential topology of the chromosome 7, 9, 15, 18, X and Y centromeres. The changes occurred in radial localization and may have been directly linked to the sperm chromatin damage. This conclusion is mainly based on a comparison of FISH signals that were observed simultaneously in the TUNEL-positive and TUNEL-negative sperm cells. The analyzed cells originated from the same ejaculated sample and FISH was performed on the same slides, after in situ TUNEL reaction. Based on the observed changes and previous data, it appears that the sperm nucleus architecture can be disrupted by a variety of factors and has a negative influence on spermatogenesis at the same time. Often, these factors coexist (e.g. chromosomal translocations, aneuploidies, a higher DNA fragmentation, abnormal seminology), but no direct correlations between the factors were observed.
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Abstract
The paternal contribution to fertilization and embryogenesis is frequently overlooked as the spermatozoon is often considered to be a silent vessel whose only function is to safely deliver the paternal genome to the maternal oocyte. In this article, we hope to demonstrate that this perception is far from the truth. Typically, infertile men have been unable to conceive naturally (or through regular IVF), and therefore, a perturbation of the genetic integrity of sperm heads in infertile males has been under-considered. The advent of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) however has led to very successful treatment of male factor infertility and subsequent widespread use in IVF clinics worldwide. Until recently, little concern has been raised about the genetic quality of sperm in ICSI patients or the impact genetic aberrations could have on fertility and embryogenesis. This review highlights the importance of chromatin packaging in the sperm nucleus as essential for the establishment and maintenance of a viable pregnancy.
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Olszewska M, Wanowska E, Kishore A, Huleyuk N, Georgiadis AP, Yatsenko AN, Mikula M, Zastavna D, Wiland E, Kurpisz M. Genetic dosage and position effect of small supernumerary marker chromosome (sSMC) in human sperm nuclei in infertile male patient. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17408. [PMID: 26616419 PMCID: PMC4663790 DOI: 10.1038/srep17408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomes occupy specific distinct areas in the nucleus of the sperm cell that may be altered in males with disrupted spermatogenesis. Here, we present alterations in the positioning of the human chromosomes 15, 18, X and Y between spermatozoa with the small supernumerary marker chromosome (sSMC; sSMC+) and spermatozoa with normal chromosome complement (sSMC−), for the first time described in the same ejaculate of an infertile, phenotypically normal male patient. Using classical and confocal fluorescent microscopy, the nuclear colocalization of chromosomes 15 and sSMC was analyzed. The molecular cytogenetic characteristics of sSMC delineated the karyotype as 47,XY,+der(15)(pter->p11.2::q11.1->q11.2::p11.2->pter)mat. Analysis of meiotic segregation showed a 1:1 ratio of sSMC+ to sSMC− spermatozoa, while evaluation of sperm aneuploidy status indicated an increased level of chromosome 13, 18, 21 and 22 disomy, up to 7 × (2.7 − 15.1). Sperm chromatin integrity assessment did not reveal any increase in deprotamination in the patient’s sperm chromatin. Importantly, we found significant repositioning of chromosomes X and Y towards the nuclear periphery, where both chromosomes were localized in close proximity to the sSMC. This suggests the possible influence of sSMC/XY colocalization on meiotic chromosome division, resulting in abnormal chromosome segregation, and leading to male infertility in the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Olszewska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells, Strzeszynska 32, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Wanowska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells, Strzeszynska 32, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
| | - Archana Kishore
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh 15213, PA, USA
| | - Nataliya Huleyuk
- Institute of Hereditary Pathology, Ukrainian Academy of Medical Sciences, Lysenko Str. 31a, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Andrew P Georgiadis
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh 15213, PA, USA
| | - Alexander N Yatsenko
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh 15213, PA, USA
| | - Mariya Mikula
- Institute of Hereditary Pathology, Ukrainian Academy of Medical Sciences, Lysenko Str. 31a, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Danuta Zastavna
- Institute of Hereditary Pathology, Ukrainian Academy of Medical Sciences, Lysenko Str. 31a, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Ewa Wiland
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells, Strzeszynska 32, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Kurpisz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells, Strzeszynska 32, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
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12
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Ioannou D, Kandukuri L, Simpson JL, Tempest HG. Chromosome territory repositioning induced by PHA-activation of lymphocytes: A 2D and 3D appraisal. Mol Cytogenet 2015; 8:47. [PMID: 26146516 PMCID: PMC4490598 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-015-0146-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genomes and by extension chromosome territories (CTs) in a variety of organisms exhibit nonrandom organization within interphase nuclei. CTs are susceptible to movement upon induction by a variety of stimuli, including: cell differentiation, growth factors, genotoxic agents, proliferating status, and stimulants that induce novel transcription profiles. These findings suggest nuclear architecture can undergo reorganization, providing support for a functional significance of CT organization. The effect of the initiation of transcription on global scale chromatin architecture has been underexplored. This study investigates the organization of all 24 human chromosomes in lymphocytes from two individuals in resting and phytohaemagglutinin activated lymphocytes using 2D and 3D approaches. Results The radial organization of CTs in lymphocytes in both resting and activated lymphocytes follows a gene-density pattern. However, CT organization in activated nuclei appears less constrained exhibiting a more random organization. We report differences in the spatial relationship between homologous and heterologous CTs in activated nuclei. In addition, a reproducible radial hierarchy of CTs was identified and evidence of a CT repositioning was observed in activated nuclei using both 2D and 3D approaches. Conclusions Alterations between resting and activated lymphocytes could be adaptation of CTs to the new transcription profile and possibly the formation of new neighborhoods of interest or interaction of CTs with nuclear landmarks. The increased distances between homologous and heterologous CTs in activated lymphocytes could be a reflection of a defensive mechanism to reduce potential interaction to prevent any structural chromosome abnormalities (e.g. translocations) as a result of DNA damage that increases during lymphocyte activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Ioannou
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199 USA
| | - Lakshmi Kandukuri
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199 USA ; Present address Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500 007 India
| | - Joe Leigh Simpson
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199 USA
| | - Helen Ghislaine Tempest
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199 USA ; Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199 USA
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13
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Ioannou D, Kandukuri L, Quadri A, Becerra V, Simpson JL, Tempest HG. Spatial positioning of all 24 chromosomes in the lymphocytes of six subjects: evidence of reproducible positioning and spatial repositioning following DNA damage with hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet B. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118886. [PMID: 25756782 PMCID: PMC4355486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The higher-order organization of chromatin is well-established, with chromosomes occupying distinct positions within the interphase nucleus. Chromatin is susceptible to, and constantly assaulted by both endogenous and exogenous threats. However, the effects of DNA damage on the spatial topology of chromosomes are hitherto, poorly understood. This study investigates the organization of all 24 human chromosomes in lymphocytes from six individuals prior to- and following in-vitro exposure to genotoxic agents: hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet B. This study is the first to report reproducible distinct hierarchical radial organization of chromosomes with little inter-individual differences between subjects. Perturbed nuclear organization was observed following genotoxic exposure for both agents; however a greater effect was observed for hydrogen peroxide including: 1) More peripheral radial organization; 2) Alterations in the global distribution of chromosomes; and 3) More events of chromosome repositioning (18 events involving 10 chromosomes vs. 11 events involving 9 chromosomes for hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet B respectively). Evidence is provided of chromosome repositioning and altered nuclear organization following in-vitro exposure to genotoxic agents, with notable differences observed between the two investigated agents. Repositioning of chromosomes following genotoxicity involved recurrent chromosomes and is most likely part of the genomes inherent response to DNA damage. The variances in nuclear organization observed between the two agents likely reflects differences in mobility and/or decondensation of chromatin as a result of differences in the type of DNA damage induced, chromatin regions targeted, and DNA repair mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Ioannou
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Lakshmi Kandukuri
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Ameer Quadri
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Victor Becerra
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Joe Leigh Simpson
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- March of Dimes Foundation, White Plains, New York, United States of America
| | - Helen G. Tempest
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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14
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Chromosome size, morphology, and gene density determine bivalent positioning in metaphase I human spermatocytes. Fertil Steril 2014; 101:818-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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15
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Alladin N, Moskovtsev SI, Russell H, Kenigsberg S, Lulat AGM, Librach CL. The three-dimensional image analysis of the chromocenter in motile and immotile human sperm. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2013; 59:146-52. [PMID: 23445178 DOI: 10.3109/19396368.2013.772679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomes in human spermatozoa are arranged non-randomly with the centromeres of non-homologous chromosomes forming a chromocenter. We have compared motile and immotile sperm populations in normozoospermic patients to determine if there is any dissimilarity in the formation of the chromocenter and the nuclear position of chromosome 17. Based on the differences between motile and immotile populations, we propose for the 'optimal' nuclear organization to be defined as containing 1 to 3 chromocenter(s) with central radial and median longitudinal position for the centromere of chromosome 17. By this definition, 42% of motile spermatozoa had 'optima' nuclei, in comparison to 25% of immotile spermatozoa (P < 0.05). Immotile spermatozoa exhibited a greater disruption in the formation of the chromocenter, altered position of the centromere of chromosome 17, and were more prone to chemical decondensation, resulting in higher nuclear and chromocenter volumes. The altered topology of the chromosomes might lead to the disruption of the sequence of events involved in fertilization and early embryonic development.
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16
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Hierarchical radial and polar organisation of chromosomes in human sperm. Chromosome Res 2012; 20:875-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s10577-012-9323-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Perdrix A, Travers A, Clatot F, Sibert L, Mitchell V, Jumeau F, Macé B, Rives N. Modification of chromosomal architecture in human spermatozoa with large vacuoles. Andrology 2012; 1:57-66. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2012.00016.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Perdrix
- Biology Laboratory - CECOS; EA 4308 “Spermatogenesis and male gamete quality”; Rouen University Hospital; Rouen Cedex; France
| | - A. Travers
- Biology Laboratory - CECOS; EA 4308 “Spermatogenesis and male gamete quality”; Rouen University Hospital; Rouen Cedex; France
| | - F. Clatot
- Department of Oncology; Henry Becquerel Center; Rouen; France
| | - L. Sibert
- Biology Laboratory - CECOS; EA 4308 “Spermatogenesis and male gamete quality”; Rouen University Hospital; Rouen Cedex; France
| | - V. Mitchell
- Department of Reproductive Biology - CECOS; EA 4308 “Spermatogenesis and male gamete quality”; Lille University Medical Center; Lille; France
| | - F. Jumeau
- Department of Reproductive Biology - CECOS; EA 4308 “Spermatogenesis and male gamete quality”; Lille University Medical Center; Lille; France
| | - B. Macé
- Biology Laboratory - CECOS; EA 4308 “Spermatogenesis and male gamete quality”; Rouen University Hospital; Rouen Cedex; France
| | - N. Rives
- Biology Laboratory - CECOS; EA 4308 “Spermatogenesis and male gamete quality”; Rouen University Hospital; Rouen Cedex; France
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Sarrate Z, Blanco J, Vidal F. Acrocentric bivalents positioned preferentially nearby to the XY pair in metaphase I human spermatocytes. Fertil Steril 2012; 98:1241-5. [PMID: 22884015 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.07.1110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze whether the preferential proximity between acrocentric bivalents and the XY pair described at pachytene was maintained in metaphase I human spermatocytes. DESIGN Proximity frequencies of autosomic bivalents to the sex bivalent were evaluated with the analysis of meiotic preparations combining sequentially standard techniques and multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization. SETTING Assisted reproduction centers. PATIENT(S) Thirty-seven men consulting for fertility problems. INTERVENTION(S) Unilateral testicular biopsies. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Proximity frequencies analysis to the XY pair, evaluated individually and grouping bivalents, was carried out using a logistical regression model with repeated measures. RESULT(S) Bivalents 22 and 15 were observed more frequently near to the sex bivalent than the others. Significant interindividual differences were not observed. CONCLUSION(S) Results suggest that bivalents distribution to the metaphase plate is nonrandom. The maintenance of the acrocentric chromosomes' proximity to the sex bivalent from pachytene to metaphase I would indicate that the relative bivalents position would be notably preserved. The observation of non-interindividual variability, despite different infertility etiology, suggests that the nuclear organization pattern remains largely unaffected even if spermatogenesis is compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaida Sarrate
- Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
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Ioannou D, Fonseka KGL, Meershoek EJ, Thornhill AR, Abogrein A, Ellis M, Griffin DK. Twenty-four chromosome FISH in human IVF embryos reveals patterns of post-zygotic chromosome segregation and nuclear organisation. Chromosome Res 2012; 20:447-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s10577-012-9294-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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