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Saltarin F, Wegmüller A, Bejarano L, Ildiz ES, Zwicky P, Vianin A, Spadin F, Soukup K, Wischnewski V, Engelhardt B, Deutsch U, J. Marques I, Frenz M, Joyce JA, Lyck R. Compromised Blood-Brain Barrier Junctions Enhance Melanoma Cell Intercalation and Extravasation. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5071. [PMID: 37894438 PMCID: PMC10605101 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma frequently metastasises to the brain, and a detailed understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying melanoma cell extravasation across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is important for preventing brain metastasis formation. Making use of primary mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells (pMBMECs) as an in vitro BBB model, we imaged the interaction of melanoma cells into pMBMEC monolayers. We observed exclusive junctional intercalation of melanoma cells and confirmed that melanoma-induced pMBMEC barrier disruption can be rescued by protease inhibition. Interleukin (IL)-1β stimulated pMBMECs or PECAM-1-knockout (-ko) pMBMECs were employed to model compromised BBB barrier properties in vitro and to determine increased melanoma cell intercalation compared to pMBMECs with intact junctions. The newly generated brain-homing melanoma cell line YUMM1.1-BrM4 was used to reveal increased in vivo extravasation of melanoma cells across the BBB of barrier-compromised PECAM-1-deficient mice compared to controls. Taken together, our data indicate that preserving BBB integrity is an important measure to limit the formation of melanoma-brain metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Saltarin
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (F.S.); (P.Z.)
| | - Adrian Wegmüller
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (F.S.); (P.Z.)
| | - Leire Bejarano
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (V.W.)
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ece Su Ildiz
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (F.S.); (P.Z.)
| | - Pascale Zwicky
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (F.S.); (P.Z.)
| | - Andréj Vianin
- Department of Developmental Biology and Regeneration, Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Florentin Spadin
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (F.S.)
| | - Klara Soukup
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (V.W.)
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir Wischnewski
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (V.W.)
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Britta Engelhardt
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (F.S.); (P.Z.)
| | - Urban Deutsch
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (F.S.); (P.Z.)
| | - Ines J. Marques
- Department of Developmental Biology and Regeneration, Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Frenz
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (F.S.)
| | - Johanna A. Joyce
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (V.W.)
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ruth Lyck
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (F.S.); (P.Z.)
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2
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Understanding the Role of Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitors in Periodontology. Clin Rev Bone Miner Metab 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12018-021-09281-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Qureshi S, Khandelwal R, Madhavi M, Khurana N, Gupta N, Choudhary SK, Suresh RA, Hazarika L, Srija CD, Sharma K, Hindala MR, Hussain T, Nayarisseri A, Singh SK. A Multi-target Drug Designing for BTK, MMP9, Proteasome and TAK1 for the Clinical Treatment of Mantle Cell Lymphoma. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:790-818. [PMID: 33463471 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621666210119112336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by the mutation and overexpression of the cyclin D1 protein by the reciprocal chromosomal translocation t(11;14)(q13:q32). AIM The present study aims to identify potential inhibition of MMP9, Proteasome, BTK, and TAK1 and determine the most suitable and effective protein target for the MCL. METHODOLOGY Nine known inhibitors for MMP9, 24 for proteasome, 15 for BTK and 14 for TAK1 were screened. SB-3CT (PubChem ID: 9883002), oprozomib (PubChem ID: 25067547), zanubrutinib (PubChem ID: 135565884) and TAK1 inhibitor (PubChem ID: 66760355) were recognized as drugs with high binding capacity with their respective protein receptors. 41, 72, 102 and 3 virtual screened compounds were obtained after the similarity search with compound (PubChem ID:102173753), PubChem compound SCHEMBL15569297 (PubChem ID:72374403), PubChem compound SCHEMBL17075298 (PubChem ID:136970120) and compound CID: 71814473 with best virtual screened compounds. RESULT MMP9 inhibitors show commendable affinity and good interaction profile of compound holding PubChem ID:102173753 over the most effective established inhibitor SB-3CT. The pharmacophore study of the best virtual screened compound reveals its high efficacy based on various interactions. The virtual screened compound's better affinity with the target MMP9 protein was deduced using toxicity and integration profile studies. CONCLUSION Based on the ADMET profile, the compound (PubChem ID: 102173753) could be a potent drug for MCL treatment. Similar to the established SB-3CT, the compound was non-toxic with LD50 values for both the compounds lying in the same range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrukh Qureshi
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ravina Khandelwal
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Maddala Madhavi
- Department of Zoology, Nizam College, Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500001, Telangana State, India
| | - Naveesha Khurana
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Gupta
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Saurav K Choudhary
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Revathy A Suresh
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Lima Hazarika
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Chillamcherla D Srija
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Khushboo Sharma
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Mali R Hindala
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Tajamul Hussain
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anuraj Nayarisseri
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjeev K Singh
- Computer Aided Drug Designing and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi-630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
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Shi Y, Ma X, Fang G, Tian X, Ge C. Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors (MMPIs) as attractive therapeutic targets: Recent progress and current challenges. NANOIMPACT 2021; 21:100293. [PMID: 35559782 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) plays an essential role in many physiological and pathological processes. An increase in MMP activity contributes to excessive degradation and remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which has been correlated with invasion and metastasis of tumors. Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor (MMPI) has been developed as an attractive therapeutic target for decades, suggesting inspiring therapeutic effects in preclinical studies. However, achieving specificity remains an important challenge in the development of MMPIs, limiting their clinical application and bringing about the risk of biosafety. Nanomaterials can be used as alternative candidates for MMPI design, providing a new strategy for this problem. This report reviewed the research about MMPIs, summarized their MMPs activity regulation mechanisms, and discussed their failures in clinical trials. Furthermore, we outlined several schemes of MMPIs screening and design. Finally, we reviewed the therapeutic application prospects of MMPIs and discussed the remaining challenges and solutions, which may offer new insights for the development of MMPIs studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) & Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaochuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) & Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Ge Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) & Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) & Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Cuicui Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) & Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Napoli S, Scuderi C, Gattuso G, Di Bella V, Candido S, Basile MS, Libra M, Falzone L. Functional Roles of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitors in Melanoma. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051151. [PMID: 32392801 PMCID: PMC7291303 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in the regulation of the tissue microenvironment and in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Several proteins with a proteolytic activity toward several ECM components are involved in the regulation and remodeling of the ECM. Among these, Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a class of peptidase able to remodel the ECM by favoring the tumor invasive processes. Of these peptidases, MMP-9 is the most involved in the development of cancer, including that of melanoma. Dysregulations of the MAPKs and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways can lead to an aberrant overexpression of MMP-9. Even ncRNAs are implicated in the aberrant production of MMP-9 protein, as well as other proteins responsible for the activation or inhibition of MMP-9, such as Osteopontin and Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases. Currently, there are different therapeutic approaches for melanoma, including targeted therapies and immunotherapies. However, no biomarkers are available for the prediction of the therapeutic response. In this context, several studies have tried to understand the diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic potential of MMP-9 in melanoma patients by performing clinical trials with synthetic MMPs inhibitors. Therefore, MMP-9 may be considered a promising molecule for the management of melanoma patients due to its role as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Napoli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.N.); (C.S.); (G.G.); (V.D.B.); (S.C.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Chiara Scuderi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.N.); (C.S.); (G.G.); (V.D.B.); (S.C.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Gattuso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.N.); (C.S.); (G.G.); (V.D.B.); (S.C.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Virginia Di Bella
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.N.); (C.S.); (G.G.); (V.D.B.); (S.C.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Saverio Candido
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.N.); (C.S.); (G.G.); (V.D.B.); (S.C.); (M.S.B.)
- Research Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Sofia Basile
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.N.); (C.S.); (G.G.); (V.D.B.); (S.C.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.N.); (C.S.); (G.G.); (V.D.B.); (S.C.); (M.S.B.)
- Research Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.L.); or (L.F.); Tel.: +39-095-478-1271 (M.L.); +39-094-478-1278 (L.F.)
| | - Luca Falzone
- Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori “Fondazione G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.L.); or (L.F.); Tel.: +39-095-478-1271 (M.L.); +39-094-478-1278 (L.F.)
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He W, Jiang J, Yu ZQ, Zhou JH. Novel 5-Hydroxy, 5-Substituted Benzenesulfonamide Pyrimidine-2,4,6-Triones Attenuate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury via Inhibition of the Gelatinases, MMP-2 and MMP-9. Drug Dev Res 2016; 77:251-7. [PMID: 27455162 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical Research A novel series of ten 5-hydroxy, 5-substituted benzene sulfonamide pyrimidine-2,4,6-triones were synthesized and their structures ascertained using (1) H-NMR, (13) C-NMR, mass and elemental analysis. These compounds were subsequently tested for inhibition of MMP-2 and MMP-9 where most exhibited activity with compound 5i being the most potent against MMP-2 and MMP-9 with IC50 values of 2.35 nM and 8.24 nM, respectively. Compound 5i was further analyzed in a mouse LPS-induced acute lung injury model where it had protective activity. Histochemical studies indicated that 5i improved the vascular integrity of the lung. Drug Dev Res 77 : 251-257, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Qian Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Hua Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China
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Ito-Kureha T, Koshikawa N, Yamamoto M, Semba K, Yamaguchi N, Yamamoto T, Seiki M, Inoue JI. Tropomodulin 1 expression driven by NF-κB enhances breast cancer growth. Cancer Res 2014; 75:62-72. [PMID: 25398440 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-3455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC), which include the basal-like and claudin-low disease subtypes, are aggressive malignancies for which effective therapeutic targets are lacking. NF-κB activation has an established role in breast malignancy, and it is higher in TNBC than other breast cancer subtypes. On this basis, we hypothesized that proteins derived from NF-κB target genes might be molecular targets for TNBC therapy. In this study, we conducted a microarray-based screen for novel NF-κB-inducible proteins as candidate therapeutic targets, identifying tropomodulin 1 (TMOD1) as a lead candidate. TMOD1 expression was regulated directly by NF-κB and was significantly higher in TNBC than other breast cancer subtypes. TMOD1 elevation is associated with enhanced tumor growth in a mouse tumor xenograft model and in a 3D type I collagen culture. TMOD1-dependent tumor growth was correlated with MMP13 induction, which was mediated by TMOD1-dependent accumulation of β-catenin. Overall, our study highlighted a novel TMOD1-mediated link between NF-κB activation and MMP13 induction, which accounts in part for the NF-κB-dependent malignant phenotype of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Ito-Kureha
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Cell Signal Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Naohiko Koshikawa
- Division of Cancer Cell Research, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mizuki Yamamoto
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Semba
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noritaka Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yamamoto
- Cell Signal Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Motoharu Seiki
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichiro Inoue
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Santamaria MH, Chen AY, Chow J, Muñoz DC, Schmid-Schönbein GW. Cleavage and reduced CD36 ectodomain density on heart and spleen macrophages in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Microvasc Res 2014; 95:131-42. [PMID: 25172177 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic disease is accompanied by a range of cellular defects ("comorbidities") whose origin is uncertain. To investigate this pathophysiological phenomenon we used the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR), which besides an elevated arterial blood pressure also has many other comorbidities, including a defective glucose and lipid metabolism. We have shown that this model of metabolic disease has elevated plasma matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, which cleaves the extracellular domain of membrane receptors. We hypothesize here that the increased MMP activity also leads to abnormal cleavage of the scavenger receptor and fatty acid transporter CD36. To test this idea, chronic pharmaceutical MMP inhibition (CGS27023A) of the SHR and its normotensive control, the Wistar Kyoto Rat (WKY), was used to determine if inhibition of MMP activity serves to maintain CD36 receptor density and function. Surface density of CD36 on macrophages from the heart, spleen, and liver was determined in WKY, SHR, CGS-treated WKY (CGS WKY), and CGS-treated SHR (CGS SHR) by immunohistochemistry with an antibody against the CD36 ectodomain. The extracellular CD36 density was lower in SHR heart and spleen macrophages compared to that in the WKY. MMP inhibition by CGS served to restore the reduced CD36 density on SHR cardiac and splanchnic macrophages to levels of the WKY. To examine CD36 function, culture assays with murine macrophages (RAW 264.7) after incubation in fresh WKY or SHR plasma were used to test for adhesion of light-weight donor red blood cell (RBC) by CD36. This form of RBC adhesion to macrophages was reduced after incubation in SHR compared WKY plasma. Analysis of the supernatant macrophage media by Western blot shows a higher level of CD36 extracellular protein fragments following exposure to SHR plasma compared to WKY. MMP inhibition in the SHR plasma compared to untreated plasma, served to increase the RBC adhesion to macrophages and decrease the number of receptor fragments in the macrophage media. In conclusion, these studies bring to light that plasma in the SHR model of metabolic disease has an unchecked MMP degrading activity which causes cleavage of a variety of membrane receptors, including CD36, which attenuates several cellular functions typical for the metabolic disease, including RBC adhesion to the scavenger receptor CD36. In addition to other cell dysfunctions chronic MMP inhibition restores CD36 in the SHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco H Santamaria
- Department of Bioengineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Angela Y Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Jason Chow
- Department of Bioengineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Diana C Muñoz
- Department of Bioengineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Geert W Schmid-Schönbein
- Department of Bioengineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Voura EB, English JL, Yu HYE, Ho AT, Subarsky P, Hill RP, Hojilla CV, Khokha R. Proteolysis during tumor cell extravasation in vitro: metalloproteinase involvement across tumor cell types. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78413. [PMID: 24194929 PMCID: PMC3806793 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To test if proteolysis is involved in tumor cell extravasation, we developed an in vitro model where tumor cells cross an endothelial monolayer cultured on a basement membrane. Using this model we classified the ability of the cells to transmigrate through the endothelial cell barrier onto the underlying matrix, and scored this invasion according to the stage of passage through the endothelium. Metalloproteinase inhibitors reduced tumor cell extravasation by at least 35%. Visualization of protease and cell adhesion molecules by confocal microscopy demonstrated the cell surface localization of MMP-2, MMP-9, MT1-MMP, furin, CD44 and αvβ3, during the process of transendothelial migration. By the addition of inhibitors and bio-modulators we assessed the functional requirement of the aforementioned molecules for efficient migration. Proteolytic digestion occurred at the cell-matrix interface and was most evident during the migratory stage. All of the inhibitors and biomodulators affected the transition of the tumor cells into the migratory stage, highlighting the most prevalent use of proteolysis at this particular step of tumor cell extravasation. These data suggest that a proteolytic interface operates at the tumor cell surface within the tumor-endothelial cell microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn B. Voura
- Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biology, Dominican College, Orangeburg, New York, United States of America
| | - Jane L. English
- Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hoi-Ying E. Yu
- Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew T. Ho
- Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patrick Subarsky
- Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard P. Hill
- Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carlo V. Hojilla
- Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rama Khokha
- Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Chen AY, Ha JN, Delano FA, Schmid-Schönbein GW. Receptor cleavage and P-selectin-dependent reduction of leukocyte adhesion in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. J Leukoc Biol 2012; 92:183-94. [PMID: 22566571 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0112010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The SHR, a genetic model for hypertension and the metabolic syndrome, has attenuated leukocyte adhesion to the postcapillary endothelium by an unknown mechanism. Based on recent evidence of elevated levels of MMPs in plasma and on microvascular endothelium of the SHR with cleavage of several receptor types, we hypothesize that the reduced leukocyte-endothelial interaction is a result of enhanced proteolytic cleavage of P-selectin on the postcapillary endothelium and PSGL-1 on leukocytes. The attenuated rolling interactions of SHR leukocytes with the endothelium were restored by chronic treatment with a broad-spectrum MMP inhibitor (CGS) for 24 weeks. The SHR MMP levels, in plasma and mesentery, as well as the systolic blood pressure, decreased significantly with treatment. In the SHR mesentery, labeling of P-selectin in the postcapillary venules by immunohistochemistry demonstrated, on average, a 31% lower extracellular P-selectin density compared with the normotensive WKY. A significantly lower extracellular PSGL-1 density on the membranes of SHR neutrophils compared with the WKY also supported our hypothesis. In vivo stimulation of the mesenteric postcapillary venules with histamine demonstrated that the SHR had an attenuated response, as measured by leukocyte rolling velocity on the endothelium. The reduced P-selectin and PSGL-1 density, on SHR postcapillary endothelium and on SHR leukocytes, respectively, was restored significantly by chronic MMP inhibition. The impaired ability of SHR leukocytes to reduce rolling velocity upon inflammatory stimulation led to fewer firmly adhered leukocytes to the endothelium as a contributor to immune suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Y Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0412, USA.
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Kapral M, Wawszczyk J, Jurzak M, Hollek A, Węglarz L. The effect of inositol hexaphosphate on the expression of selected metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in IL-1β-stimulated colon cancer cells. Int J Colorectal Dis 2012; 27:1419-28. [PMID: 22415590 PMCID: PMC3474917 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-012-1445-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have repeatedly been shown to play a very active role in extracellular matrix degradation associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. Tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) are well-known for their ability to inhibit MMP activity thereby inhibiting malignant progression. Inositol hexaphosphate (IP6 phytic acid) has been recognized to have both preventive and therapeutic effects against various cancers including that of colon. In in vitro studies, IP6 has been demonstrated to inhibit cancer cell adhesion and migration. In the present study, the effect of IP6 on the expression of MMP and TIMP genes was evaluated in unstimulated and IL-1β-stimulated colon cancer cell line Caco-2. MATERIALS AND METHODS Real-time QRT-PCR was used to validate the transcription level of selected MMP and TIMP genes in Caco-2 cells after treatment with 1 ng/ml of IL-1β, 2.5 mM of IP6, and both for 6, 12, and 24 h. RESULTS Stimulation of cells with IL-1β only resulted in an overexpression of MMP and their TIMP mRNAs. A significant decrease in MMP-13, MMP-3, MMP-2, and TIMP-1 basal expression was achieved by IP6. IP6 was also an efficient downregulator of MMP-1, MMP-9, and TIMP-2 genes transcription stimulated by IL-1β in 6 h lasting culture. After 12 h, IL-1β-induced MMP-2 mRNA expression was significantly reduced by IP6. CONCLUSION Proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β upregulates MMP and TIMP mRNAs expression in colon cancer epithelial cells Caco-2. IP6 (2.5 mM) influences constitutive expression of both MMP and TIMP genes and downregulates IL-1β stimulated transcription of some of these genes. IP6 exerts its anti-metastatic activity through modulation of MMP and TIMP genes expression to prevent cancer cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kapral
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Silesia, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Narcyzow 1, Poland
| | - Joanna Wawszczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Silesia, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Narcyzow 1, Poland
| | - Magdalena Jurzak
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Silesia, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Narcyzow 1, Poland
| | - Andrzej Hollek
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Silesia, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Narcyzow 1, Poland
| | - Ludmiła Węglarz
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Silesia, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Narcyzow 1, Poland
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Schwock J, Dhani N, Hedley DW. Targeting focal adhesion kinase signaling in tumor growth and metastasis. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2010; 14:77-94. [PMID: 20001212 DOI: 10.1517/14728220903460340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD Focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a crucial mediator of integrin and growth factor signaling, is a novel and promising target in cancer therapy. FAK resides within focal adhesions which are contact points between extracellular matrix (ECM) and cytoskeleton, and increased expression of the kinase has been linked with cancer cell migration, proliferation and survival. The aim of this review is to summarize the current research in the area and to assess the potential of different FAK-targeting strategies for cancer therapy. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW We briefly examine the evidence pointing towards FAK as potential anti-cancer target since its discovery in 1992. Then, we summarize different approaches developed to interfere with FAK signaling and important results reported from these experiments. Finally, we discuss the potential of these strategies to accomplish inhibition of tumor growth and distant spread as well as potentially meaningful combinations with other therapeutic modalities in the context of the currently available evidence. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN The review emphasizes the link between FAK biology and the consequences of interference with FAK signaling. Based on this foundation an opinion is formed with regard to the future of FAK as therapeutic target. TAKE HOME MESSAGE Inhibition of FAK harbours the potential to restrain malignant growth and progression with minimal side effects in normal tissues. Small molecule inhibitors of the kinase should be examined in further clinical studies and combinations with existing therapies need to be explored. More efforts are required to identify markers which predict response towards FAK inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joerg Schwock
- Princess Margaret Hospital/Ontario Cancer Institute (PMH/OCI), Toronto M5G 2M9, Ontario, Canada
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Parri M, Taddei ML, Bianchini F, Calorini L, Chiarugi P. EphA2 reexpression prompts invasion of melanoma cells shifting from mesenchymal to amoeboid-like motility style. Cancer Res 2009; 69:2072-81. [PMID: 19244130 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-1845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Eph tyrosine kinases instruct cell for a repulsive behavior, regulating cell shape, adhesion, and motility. Beside its role during embryogenesis, neurogenesis, and angiogenesis, EphA2 kinase is frequently up-regulated in tumor cells of different histotypes, including prostate, breast, colon, and lung carcinoma, as well as melanoma. Although a function in both tumor onset and metastasis has been proposed, the role played by EphA2 is still debated. Here, we showed that EphA2 reexpression in B16 murine melanoma cells, which use a defined mesenchymal invasion strategy, converts their migration style from mesenchymal to amoeboid-like, conferring a plasticity in tumor cell invasiveness. Indeed, in response to reexpression and activation of EphA2, melanoma cells activate a nonproteolytic invasive program that proceeds through the activation of cytoskeleton motility, the retraction of cell protrusions, a Rho-mediated rounding of the cell body, and squeezing among three-dimensional matrix, giving rise to successful lung and peritoneal lymph node metastases. Our results suggest that, among the redundant mechanisms operating in tumor cells to penetrate the anatomic barriers of host tissues, EphA2 plays a pivotal role in the adaptive switch in migration pattern and mechanism, defining and distinguishing tumor cell invasion strategies. Thus, targeting EphA2 might represent a future approach for the therapy of cancer dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Parri
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, University of Florence, Center for Research, Transfer and High Education Study, Italy
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